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1. The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state.

Author

Ralph, J, Ross, J, Zylstra, A, Kritcher, A, Robey, H, Young, C, Hurricane, O, Pak, A, Callahan, D, Baker, K, Casey, D, Döppner, T, Divol, L, Hohenberger, M, Pape, S, Patel, P, Tommasini, R, Ali, S, Amendt, P, Atherton, L, Bachmann, B, Bailey, D, Benedetti, L, Berzak Hopkins, L, Betti, R, Bhandarkar, S, Biener, J, Bionta, R, Birge, N, Bond, E, Bradley, D, Braun, T, Briggs, T, Bruhn, M, Celliers, P, Chang, B, Chapman, T, Chen, H, Choate, C, Christopherson, A, Clark, D, Crippen, J, Dewald, E, Dittrich, T, Edwards, M, Farmer, W, Field, J, Fittinghoff, D, Frenje, J, Gaffney, J, Gatu Johnson, M, Glenzer, S, Grim, G, Haan, S, Hahn, K, Hall, G, Hammel, B, Harte, J, Hartouni, E, Heebner, J, Hernandez, V, Herrmann, H, Herrmann, M, Hinkel, D, Ho, D, Holder, J, Hsing, W, Huang, H, Humbird, K, Izumi, N, Jarrott, L, Jeet, J, Jones, O, Kerbel, G, Kerr, S, Khan, S, Kilkenny, J, Kim, Y, Geppert-Kleinrath, H, Geppert-Kleinrath, V, Kong, C, Koning, J, Kroll, J, Kruse, M, Kustowski, B, Landen, O, Langer, S, Larson, D, Lemos, N, Lindl, J, Ma, T, MacDonald, M, MacGowan, B, Mackinnon, A, MacLaren, S, MacPhee, A, Marinak, M, Mariscal, D, Marley, E, and Masse, L

Abstract

Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite multiple sources of degradations that lead to high variability in performance. Results shown here, for the first time, include an empirical correction factor for mode-2 asymmetry in the burning plasma regime in addition to previously determined corrections for radiative mix and mode-1. Analysis shows that including these three corrections alone accounts for the measured fusion performance variability in the two highest performing experimental campaigns on the NIF to within error. Here we quantify the performance sensitivity to mode-2 symmetry in the burning plasma regime and apply the results, in the form of an empirical correction to a 1D performance model. Furthermore, we find the sensitivity to mode-2 determined through a series of integrated 2D radiation hydrodynamic simulations to be consistent with the experimentally determined sensitivity only when including alpha-heating.

Published
2024

4. Experiments conducted in the burning plasma regime with inertial fusion implosions

Author

Ross, J. S., Ralph, J. E., Zylstra, A. B., Kritcher, A. L., Robey, H. F., Young, C. V., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Doeppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Pape, S. Le, Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Hopkins, L. Berzak, Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Johnson, M. Gatu, Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Kleinrath, H. Geppert, Kleinrath, V. Geppert, Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J. -M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

An experimental program is currently underway at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to compress deuterium and tritium (DT) fuel to densities and temperatures sufficient to achieve fusion and energy gain. The primary approach being investigated is indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF), where a high-Z radiation cavity (a hohlraum) is heated by lasers, converting the incident energy into x-ray radiation which in turn drives the DT fuel filled capsule causing it to implode. Previous experiments reported DT fuel gain exceeding unity [O.A. Hurricane et al., Nature 506, 343 (2014)] and then exceeding the kinetic energy of the imploding fuel [S. Le Pape et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 245003 (2018)]. We report on recent experiments that have achieved record fusion neutron yields on NIF, greater than 100 kJ with momentary fusion powers exceeding 1PW, and have for the first time entered the burning plasma regime where fusion alpha-heating of the fuel exceeds the energy delivered to the fuel via compression. This was accomplished by increasing the size of the high-density carbon (HDC) capsule, increasing energy coupling, while controlling symmetry and implosion design parameters. Two tactics were successful in controlling the radiation flux symmetry and therefore the implosion symmetry: transferring energy between laser cones via plasma waves, and changing the shape of the hohlraum. In conducting these experiments, we controlled for known sources of degradation. Herein we show how these experiments were performed to produce record performance, and demonstrate the data fidelity leading us to conclude that these shots have entered the burning plasma regime.

Published
2021

5. Design of inertial fusion implosions reaching the burning plasma regime

Author

Kritcher, A. L., Young, C. V., Robey, H. F., Weber, C. R., Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Ralph, J. E., Ross, J. S., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Clark, D. S., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Hopkins, L. Berzak, Le Pape, S., Meezan, N. B., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J. A., Gaffney, J. A., Johnson, M. Gatu, Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert-Kleinrath, H., Geppert-Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kruse, M. K. G., Kroll, J. J., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Trosseille, C., Tubman, E. R., Volegov, P. L., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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6. Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion

Author

Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert Kleinrath, H., Geppert Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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9. Surgical planning in robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP): A Quality Improvement (QI) project to improve Nerve-Sparing (NS) outcomes

Author

Tandogdu, Z., primary, Dickinson, L., additional, Day, E., additional, Tarim, K., additional, Kelkar, A., additional, Sridhar, A., additional, Ta, A., additional, Lamb, B., additional, So, C.W., additional, Collins, J., additional, Rajan, P., additional, Sooriakumaran, P., additional, Nathan, S., additional, Briggs, T., additional, Allen, C., additional, Shaw, G., additional, and Kelly, J., additional

Published
2024
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12. Observations and properties of the first laboratory fusion experiment to exceed a target gain of unity

Author

Pak, A., primary, Zylstra, A. B., additional, Baker, K. L., additional, Casey, D. T., additional, Dewald, E., additional, Divol, L., additional, Hohenberger, M., additional, Moore, A. S., additional, Ralph, J. E., additional, Schlossberg, D. J., additional, Tommasini, R., additional, Aybar, N., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Bionta, R. M., additional, Fittinghoff, D., additional, Gatu Johnson, M., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, H., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, V., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, Rubery, M. S., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Aghaian, L., additional, Allen, A., additional, Baxamusa, S. H., additional, Bhandarkar, S. D., additional, Biener, J., additional, Birge, N. W., additional, Braun, T., additional, Briggs, T. M., additional, Choate, C., additional, Clark, D. S., additional, Crippen, J. W., additional, Danly, C., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Durocher, M., additional, Erickson, M., additional, Fehrenbach, T., additional, Freeman, M., additional, Havre, M., additional, Hayes, S., additional, Hilsabeck, T., additional, Holder, J. P., additional, Humbird, K. D., additional, Hurricane, O. A., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Kerr, S. M., additional, Khan, S. F., additional, Kim, Y. H., additional, Kong, C., additional, Jeet, J., additional, Kozioziemski, B., additional, Kritcher, A. L., additional, Lamb, K. M., additional, Lemos, N. C., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Mackinnon, A. J., additional, MacPhee, A. G., additional, Marley, E. V., additional, Meaney, K., additional, Millot, M., additional, Di Nicola, J.-M. G., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, Nora, R., additional, Ratledge, M., additional, Ross, J. S., additional, Shin, S. J., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Stadermann, M., additional, Stoupin, S., additional, Suratwala, T., additional, Trosseille, C., additional, Van Wonterghem, B., additional, Weber, C. R., additional, Wild, C., additional, Wilde, C., additional, Wooddy, P. T., additional, Woodworth, B. N., additional, and Young, C. V., additional

Published
2024
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15. Increased compression in HDC-based ablator implosions using modified drive profile

Author

Tommasini, R., primary, Casey, D. T., additional, Clark, D., additional, Do, A., additional, Baker, K. L., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Weber, C., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Kerr, S., additional, Krauland, C., additional, Marley, E. V., additional, Millot, M., additional, Milovich, J., additional, Nora, R. C., additional, Pak, A. E., additional, Schlossberg, D., additional, Woodworth, B., additional, Briggs, T. M., additional, Holunga, D. M., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, and Stadermann, M., additional

Published
2023
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16. Autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee using an inert collagen membrane

Author

Briggs, T. W. R.

Subjects
616.7
Abstract

The hypothesis for this thesis was that using cultured autologous chondrocytes would lead to repair of full thickness defects with a hyaline type cartilage reparative tissue producing a significant improvement in pain and joint function in both the short and medium term. It was also hypothesised that the cover to contain the implanted cells is only a containment device so can be biologically inert resulting in no difference between Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) and Matrix Assisted Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI). For this study autologous cultured chondrocytes were re-implanted under (ACI) or within (MACI) an inert type I/III collagen membrane. Patients were clinically assessed for up to seven years by standardised objective and subjective scores, as well as undergoing a second arthroscopy at one year to assess the regenerating tissue within the defect. All patients treated had full thickness chondral defects (1-12 cm^2).and were aged between .15-55 years age. The majority of patients had undergone at least one surgical procedure prior to referral for this technique, most commonly arthroscopy. The objective and subjective scores used showed a significant improvement post-surgery and the Short Form 36 proved to be sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate perceived health benefit from ACI at one year. ACI also resulted in an increase in post-operative score in patient previously treated with microfracture. The study showed that defect site, duration of symptoms, gender, defect size, and pre-operative score all affected the post-operative score. Histological assessment of the repair tissue showed that the regenerate is fibrocartilaginous but continues to adapt with time post-surgery resulting in a tissue more like normal articular cartilage. However, the type of regenerate does not significantly affect the post-operative patient score. Standard histological techniques showed that the regenerate contained collagen type IIA and B, collagen X, proteoglycans and S100. The results showed that the reparative tissue is showing features of hyaline cartilage but its architectural structure is not yet formed and the on the superficial surface only fibrous tissue is found architectural structure is not yet formed and the on the superficial surface only fibrous tissue is found. Both ACI and MACI produced significant improvements in knee function when compared to pre-operative levels (p<0.0001), with continued improvement in outcome for up to seven years, but the rate of clinical improvement in the MACI group was superior. There was, however, a greater tendency in the MACI group for fibrocartilaginous repair. This may be the reason why the MACI group had an inferior post-operative score at one year post-implantation compared to ACI group. However, by two years the MACI score surpassed the ACI group, possibly indicating a slower rate of maturation of the MACI regenerate. In summary, ACI for the repair of full thickness defects of the knee produces a repair with a tendency to form hyaline-like articular cartilage. Subjective and objective scores demonstrate sequential improvement for up to seven years demonstrating the durability of this technique in this group of patients.

Published
2009

17. Publisher Correction: Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion

Author

Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert Kleinrath, H., Geppert Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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18. Measurements of improved stability to achieve higher fuel compression in ICF

Author

Do, A., primary, Casey, D. T., additional, Clark, D. S., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Baker, K. L., additional, Braun, T., additional, Briggs, T. M., additional, Chapman, T. D, additional, Celliers, P. M., additional, Chen, H., additional, Choate, C., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Divol, L., additional, Fathi, G., additional, Fittinghoff, D. N., additional, Hall, G. N., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Holunga, D. M., additional, Khan, S. F., additional, Kritcher, A. L., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, MacPhee, A. G., additional, Millot, M., additional, Marley, E. V., additional, Milovich, J. L., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, Pak, A. E., additional, Schlossberg, D. J., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Stadermann, M., additional, Strozzi, D. J., additional, Tommasini, R., additional, Weber, C. R., additional, Woodworth, B. N., additional, Yanagisawa, D. K., additional, Birge, N. W., additional, Danly, C. R., additional, Durocher, M., additional, Freeman, M. S., additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, H., additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, V., additional, Kim, Y., additional, Meaney, K. D, additional, Wilde, C. H., additional, Johnson, M. Gatu, additional, Allen, A., additional, Ratledge, M., additional, Kong, C., additional, Fehrenbach, T., additional, and Wild, C., additional

Published
2023
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19. A Randomized Trial of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Versus Alternative Forms of Surgical Cartilage Management in Patients With a Failed Primary Treatment for Chondral or Osteochondral Defects in the Knee

Author

Snow, M, Middleton, L, Mehta, S, Roberts, A, Gray, R, Richardson, J, Kuiper, JH, Price, A, Smith, A, White, S, Roberts, S, Griffiths, D, Mohammed, A, Moholkar, K, Ashraf, T, Green, M, Hutchinson, J, Bhullar, T, Chitnis, S, Shaw, A, van Niekerk, L, Hui, A, Drogset, JO, Knutsen, G, McNicholas, M, Bowditch, M, Johnson, D, Turner, P, Chugh, S, Hunt, N, Ali, S, Palmer, S, Perry, A, Davidson, A, Hill, P, Deo, S, Satish, V, Radford, M, Langstaff, R, Houlihan-Burne, D, Spicer, D, Phaltankar, P, Hegab, A, Marsh, D, Cannon, S, Briggs, T, Pollock, R, Carrington, R, Skinner, J, Bentley, G, and Consortium, ACTIVE

Subjects
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Abstract

Background: There are limited randomized controlled trials with long-term outcomes comparing autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) versus alternative forms of surgical cartilage management within the knee. Purpose: To determine at 5 years after surgery whether ACI was superior to alternative forms of cartilage management in patients after a failed previous treatment for chondral or osteochondral defects in the knee. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: In total, 390 participants were randomly assigned to receive either ACI or alternative management. Patients aged 18 to 55 years with one or two symptomatic cartilage defects who had failed 1 previous therapeutic surgical procedure in excess of 6 months prior were included. Dual primary outcome measures were used: (1) patient-completed Lysholm knee score and (2) time from surgery to cessation of treatment benefit. Secondary outcome measures included International Knee Documentation Committee and Cincinnati Knee Rating System scores, as well as number of serious adverse events. Analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results: Lysholm scores were improved by 1 year in both groups (15.4 points [95% CI, 11.9 to 18.8] and 15.2 points [95% CI, 11.6 to 18.9]) for ACI and alternative, with this improvement sustained over the duration of the trial. However, no evidence of a difference was found between the groups at 5 years (2.9 points; 95% CI, −1.8 to 7.5; P = .46). Approximately half of the participants (55%; 95% CI, 47% to 64% with ACI) were still experiencing benefit at 5 years, with time to cessation of treatment benefit similar in both groups (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.32; P > .99). There was a differential effect on Lysholm scores in patients without previous marrow stimulation compared with those with marrow stimulation ( P = .03; 6.4 points in favor of ACI; 95% CI, −0.4 to 13.1). More participants experienced a serious adverse event with ACI ( P = .02). Conclusion: Over 5 years, there was no evidence of a difference in Lysholm scores between ACI and alternative management in patients who had previously failed treatment. Previous marrow stimulation had a detrimental effect on the outcome of ACI. Registration: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number: 48911177

Published
2023
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20. In-depth characterisation of a cohort of individuals with missense and loss-of-function variants disrupting FOXP2.

Author

Morison, L.D., Meffert, E., Stampfer, M., Steiner-Wilke, I., Vollmer, B., Schulze, K., Briggs, T., Braden, R., Vogel, A., Thompson-Lake, D., Patel, C., Blair, E., Goel, H., Turner, S., Moog, U., Riess, A., Liegeois, F., Koolen, D.A., Amor, D.J., Kleefstra, T., Fisher, S.E., Zweier, C., Morgan, A.T., Morison, L.D., Meffert, E., Stampfer, M., Steiner-Wilke, I., Vollmer, B., Schulze, K., Briggs, T., Braden, R., Vogel, A., Thompson-Lake, D., Patel, C., Blair, E., Goel, H., Turner, S., Moog, U., Riess, A., Liegeois, F., Koolen, D.A., Amor, D.J., Kleefstra, T., Fisher, S.E., Zweier, C., and Morgan, A.T.

Abstract

01 juni 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Heterozygous disruptions of FOXP2 were the first identified molecular cause for severe speech disorder: childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and yet few cases have been reported, limiting knowledge of the condition. METHODS: Here we phenotyped 28 individuals from 17 families with pathogenic FOXP2-only variants (12 loss-of-function, five missense variants; 14 males; aged 2 to 62 years). Health and development (cognitive, motor, social domains) were examined, including speech and language outcomes with the first cross-linguistic analysis of English and German. RESULTS: Speech disorders were prevalent (23/25, 92%) and CAS was most common (22/25, 88%), with similar speech presentations across English and German. Speech was still impaired in adulthood, and some speech sounds (eg, 'th', 'r', 'ch', 'j') were never acquired. Language impairments (21/25, 84%) ranged from mild to severe. Comorbidities included feeding difficulties in infancy (10/26, 38%), fine (13/26, 50%) and gross (13/26, 50%) motor impairment, anxiety (5/27, 19%), depression (6/27, 22%) and sleep disturbance (10/24, 42%). Physical features were common (22/27, 81%) but with no consistent pattern. Cognition ranged from average to mildly impaired and was incongruent with language ability; for example, seven participants with severe language disorder had average non-verbal cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Although we identify an increased prevalence of conditions like anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance, we confirm that the consequences of FOXP2 dysfunction remain relatively specific to speech disorder, as compared with other recently identified monogenic conditions associated with CAS. Thus, our findings reinforce that FOXP2 provides a valuable entry point for examining the neurobiological bases of speech disorder.

Published
2023

21. In-depth characterisation of a cohort of individuals with missense and loss-of-function variants disrupting FOXP2

Author

Morison, LD, Meffert, E, Stampfer, M, Steiner-Wilke, I, Vollmer, B, Schulze, K, Briggs, T, Braden, R, Vogel, A, Thompson-Lake, D, Patel, C, Blair, E, Goel, H, Turner, S, Moog, U, Riess, A, Liegeois, F, Koolen, DA, Amor, DJ, Kleefstra, T, Fisher, SE, Zweier, C, Morgan, AT, Morison, LD, Meffert, E, Stampfer, M, Steiner-Wilke, I, Vollmer, B, Schulze, K, Briggs, T, Braden, R, Vogel, A, Thompson-Lake, D, Patel, C, Blair, E, Goel, H, Turner, S, Moog, U, Riess, A, Liegeois, F, Koolen, DA, Amor, DJ, Kleefstra, T, Fisher, SE, Zweier, C, and Morgan, AT

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Heterozygous disruptions of FOXP2 were the first identified molecular cause for severe speech disorder: childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and yet few cases have been reported, limiting knowledge of the condition. METHODS: Here we phenotyped 28 individuals from 17 families with pathogenic FOXP2-only variants (12 loss-of-function, five missense variants; 14 males; aged 2 to 62 years). Health and development (cognitive, motor, social domains) were examined, including speech and language outcomes with the first cross-linguistic analysis of English and German. RESULTS: Speech disorders were prevalent (23/25, 92%) and CAS was most common (22/25, 88%), with similar speech presentations across English and German. Speech was still impaired in adulthood, and some speech sounds (eg, 'th', 'r', 'ch', 'j') were never acquired. Language impairments (21/25, 84%) ranged from mild to severe. Comorbidities included feeding difficulties in infancy (10/26, 38%), fine (13/26, 50%) and gross (13/26, 50%) motor impairment, anxiety (5/27, 19%), depression (6/27, 22%) and sleep disturbance (10/24, 42%). Physical features were common (22/27, 81%) but with no consistent pattern. Cognition ranged from average to mildly impaired and was incongruent with language ability; for example, seven participants with severe language disorder had average non-verbal cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Although we identify an increased prevalence of conditions like anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance, we confirm that the consequences of FOXP2 dysfunction remain relatively specific to speech disorder, as compared with other recently identified monogenic conditions associated with CAS. Thus, our findings reinforce that FOXP2 provides a valuable entry point for examining the neurobiological bases of speech disorder.

Published
2023

22. Curation and expansion of the Human Phenotype Ontology for systemic autoinflammatory diseases improves phenotype-driven disease-matching.

Author

Maassen, W., Legger, G., Kul Cinar, O., Daele, P. van, Gattorno, M., Bader-Meunier, B., Wouters, C., Briggs, T., Johansson, L., Velde, J. van der, Swertz, M., Omoyinmi, E., Hoppenreijs, E.P., Belot, A., Eleftheriou, D., Caorsi, R., Aeschlimann, F., Boursier, G., Brogan, P., Haimel, M., Gijn, M. van, Maassen, W., Legger, G., Kul Cinar, O., Daele, P. van, Gattorno, M., Bader-Meunier, B., Wouters, C., Briggs, T., Johansson, L., Velde, J. van der, Swertz, M., Omoyinmi, E., Hoppenreijs, E.P., Belot, A., Eleftheriou, D., Caorsi, R., Aeschlimann, F., Boursier, G., Brogan, P., Haimel, M., and Gijn, M. van

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, INTRODUCTION: Accurate and standardized phenotypic descriptions are essential in diagnosing rare diseases and discovering new diseases, and the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) system was developed to provide a rich collection of hierarchical phenotypic descriptions. However, although the HPO terms for inborn errors of immunity have been improved and curated, it has not been investigated whether this curation improves the diagnosis of systemic autoinflammatory disease (SAID) patients. Here, we aimed to study if improved HPO annotation for SAIDs enhanced SAID identification and to demonstrate the potential of phenotype-driven genome diagnostics using curated HPO terms for SAIDs. METHODS: We collected HPO terms from 98 genetically confirmed SAID patients across eight different European SAID expertise centers and used the LIRICAL (Likelihood Ratio Interpretation of Clinical Abnormalities) computational algorithm to estimate the effect of HPO curation on the prioritization of the correct SAID for each patient. RESULTS: Our results show that the percentage of correct diagnoses increased from 66% to 86% and that the number of diagnoses with the highest ranking increased from 38 to 45. In a further pilot study, curation also improved HPO-based whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis, diagnosing 10/12 patients before and 12/12 after curation. In addition, the average number of candidate diseases that needed to be interpreted decreased from 35 to 2. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrates that curation of HPO terms can increase identification of the correct diagnosis, emphasizing the high potential of HPO-based genome diagnostics for SAIDs.

Published
2023

23. Optimal sites for agricultural and forest residues energy conversion plant using geographic information system

Author

Ukoba, M O, Diemuodeke, E O, Briggs, T A, Imran, M, Ojapah, M M, Owebor, K, Nwachukwu, C, Aminu, M D, Okedu, K E, Kalam, A, Colak, I, Ukoba, M O, Diemuodeke, E O, Briggs, T A, Imran, M, Ojapah, M M, Owebor, K, Nwachukwu, C, Aminu, M D, Okedu, K E, Kalam, A, and Colak, I

Abstract

The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has committed to net-zero emission development pathways to respond to the Paris Agreement adopted in 2015. However, the country is in dire need of energy to support its developmental ambitions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider green energy technologies to support both socioeconomic development and to meet the FGN's emission reduction target. In view of this, the current work presents the optimal sites for bioenergy plants in a state in Nigeria using Geographic Information System (GIS). Key findings suggest that 62.03 PJ/yr and 4.12 PJ/yr of energy could be derived from crop residues and forest residues, respectively, to support the state's bioenergy development. The crop residues considered include plantain (stem), oil palm (shell and fibre), maize (stalks) and cassava (peel and stalks). Six criteria were used in selecting the optimal sites, and include biomass residue distribution, settlement, road accessibility, nearness to waterline, slope and aspect. These criteria were incorporated into the ArcGIS platform through the weighted overlay tool. Strategically, the analysis presents seven sites for biomass plants to sustainably meet part of the energy needs. The efforts of the current work which supports not less than three SDGs-SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and SDG 13 (Climate Action), will assist policymakers in Nigeria to make appropriate policies within the climate change space. [Abstract copyright: © 2023 The Authors.]

Published
2023

24. Measuring and simulating ice–ablator mix in inertial confinement fusion

Author

Bachmann, B., primary, MacLaren, S. A., additional, Masse, L., additional, Bhandarkar, S., additional, Briggs, T., additional, Casey, D., additional, Divol, L., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Fittinghoff, D., additional, Freeman, M., additional, Haan, S., additional, Hall, G. N., additional, Hammel, B., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, V., additional, Khan, S., additional, Kozioziemski, B., additional, Krauland, C., additional, Landen, O., additional, Mariscal, D., additional, Marley, E., additional, Meaney, K., additional, Mellos, G., additional, Moore, A., additional, Pak, A., additional, Patel, P., additional, Ratledge, M., additional, Rice, N., additional, Rubery, M., additional, Salmonson, J., additional, Sater, J., additional, Schlossberg, D., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Trosseille, C., additional, Volegov, P., additional, Weber, C., additional, Williams, G. J., additional, and Wray, A., additional

Published
2023
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26. Measurement of Dark Ice-Ablator Mix in Inertial Confinement Fusion

Author

Bachmann, B., primary, MacLaren, S. A., additional, Bhandarkar, S., additional, Briggs, T., additional, Casey, D., additional, Divol, L., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Fittinghoff, D., additional, Freeman, M., additional, Haan, S., additional, Hall, G. N., additional, Hammel, B., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, V., additional, Khan, S., additional, Kozioziemski, B., additional, Krauland, C., additional, Landen, O., additional, Mariscal, D., additional, Marley, E., additional, Masse, L., additional, Meaney, K., additional, Mellos, G., additional, Moore, A., additional, Pak, A., additional, Patel, P., additional, Ratledge, M., additional, Rice, N., additional, Rubery, M., additional, Salmonson, J., additional, Sater, J., additional, Schlossberg, D., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Smalyuk, V. A., additional, Trosseille, C., additional, Volegov, P., additional, Weber, C., additional, Williams, G. J., additional, and Wray, A., additional

Published
2022
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29. Experimental achievement and signatures of ignition at the National Ignition Facility

Author

Zylstra, A. B., primary, Kritcher, A. L., additional, Hurricane, O. A., additional, Callahan, D. A., additional, Ralph, J. E., additional, Casey, D. T., additional, Pak, A., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Baker, K. L., additional, Berzak Hopkins, L., additional, Bhandarkar, S. D., additional, Biener, J., additional, Bionta, R. M., additional, Birge, N. W., additional, Braun, T., additional, Briggs, T. M., additional, Celliers, P. M., additional, Chen, H., additional, Choate, C., additional, Clark, D. S., additional, Divol, L., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Fittinghoff, D., additional, Edwards, M. J., additional, Gatu Johnson, M., additional, Gharibyan, N., additional, Haan, S., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Ho, D. D., additional, Hohenberger, M., additional, Holder, J. P., additional, Huang, H., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Jeet, J., additional, Jones, O., additional, Kerr, S. M., additional, Khan, S. F., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, H., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, V., additional, Kong, C., additional, Lamb, K. M., additional, Le Pape, S., additional, Lemos, N. C., additional, Lindl, J. D., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Mackinnon, A. J., additional, MacPhee, A. G., additional, Marley, E. V., additional, Meaney, K., additional, Millot, M., additional, Moore, A. S., additional, Newman, K., additional, Di Nicola, J.-M. G., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, Nora, R., additional, Patel, P. K., additional, Rice, N. G., additional, Rubery, M. S., additional, Sater, J., additional, Schlossberg, D. J., additional, Sepke, S. M., additional, Sequoia, K., additional, Shin, S. J., additional, Stadermann, M., additional, Stoupin, S., additional, Strozzi, D. J., additional, Thomas, C. A., additional, Tommasini, R., additional, Trosseille, C., additional, Tubman, E. R., additional, Volegov, P. L., additional, Weber, C. R., additional, Wild, C., additional, Woods, D. T., additional, Yang, S. T., additional, and Young, C. V., additional

Published
2022
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30. Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition

Author

Kritcher, A. L., primary, Zylstra, A. B., additional, Callahan, D. A., additional, Hurricane, O. A., additional, Weber, C. R., additional, Clark, D. S., additional, Young, C. V., additional, Ralph, J. E., additional, Casey, D. T., additional, Pak, A., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Baker, K. L., additional, Berzak Hopkins, L., additional, Bhandarkar, S. D., additional, Biener, J., additional, Bionta, R. M., additional, Birge, N. W., additional, Braun, T., additional, Briggs, T. M., additional, Celliers, P. M., additional, Chen, H., additional, Choate, C., additional, Divol, L., additional, Döppner, T., additional, Fittinghoff, D., additional, Edwards, M. J., additional, Gatu Johnson, M., additional, Gharibyan, N., additional, Haan, S., additional, Hahn, K. D., additional, Hartouni, E., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Ho, D. D., additional, Hohenberger, M., additional, Holder, J. P., additional, Huang, H., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Jeet, J., additional, Jones, O., additional, Kerr, S. M., additional, Khan, S. F., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, H., additional, Geppert Kleinrath, V., additional, Kong, C., additional, Lamb, K. M., additional, Le Pape, S., additional, Lemos, N. C., additional, Lindl, J. D., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Mackinnon, A. J., additional, MacPhee, A. G., additional, Marley, E. V., additional, Meaney, K., additional, Millot, M., additional, Moore, A. S., additional, Newman, K., additional, Di Nicola, J.-M. G., additional, Nikroo, A., additional, Nora, R., additional, Patel, P. K., additional, Rice, N. G., additional, Rubery, M. S., additional, Sater, J., additional, Schlossberg, D. J., additional, Sepke, S. M., additional, Sequoia, K., additional, Shin, S. J., additional, Stadermann, M., additional, Stoupin, S., additional, Strozzi, D. J., additional, Thomas, C. A., additional, Tommasini, R., additional, Trosseille, C., additional, Tubman, E. R., additional, Volegov, P. L., additional, Wild, C., additional, Woods, D. T., additional, and Yang, S. T., additional

Published
2022
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32. Application Integration

Author

Pille, Briggs T., Antczak, Robert K., Hannah, Kathryn J., editor, Ball, Marion J., editor, and Douglas, Judith V., editor

Published
1999
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34. Curation and expansion of human phenotype ontology for defined groups of inborn errors of immunity

Author

Haimel, M., Pazmandi, J., Jiménez Heredia, R., Dmytrus, J., Köstel Bal, S., Zoghi, S., van Daele, P., Briggs, T. A., Wouters, C., Bader-Meunier, B., Aeschlimann, F. A., Caorsi, R., Eleftheriou , D., Hoppenreijs, E., Salzer, E., Bakhtiar, S., Derfalvi, B., Saettini , F., Kusters, M. A. A., Elfeky, R., Trück, J., Rivière, J. G., van der Burg, M., Gattorno, M., Seidel, M. G., Burns, S., Warnatz, K., Hauck, F., Brogan, P., Gilmour, K. C., Schuetz, C., Simon, A., Bock, C., Hambleton, S., de Vries, E., Robinson, P. N., van Gijn, M., Boztug, K., Haimel, M., Pazmandi, J., Jiménez Heredia, R., Dmytrus, J., Köstel Bal, S., Zoghi, S., van Daele, P., Briggs, T. A., Wouters, C., Bader-Meunier, B., Aeschlimann, F. A., Caorsi, R., Eleftheriou , D., Hoppenreijs, E., Salzer, E., Bakhtiar, S., Derfalvi, B., Saettini , F., Kusters, M. A. A., Elfeky, R., Trück, J., Rivière, J. G., van der Burg, M., Gattorno, M., Seidel, M. G., Burns, S., Warnatz, K., Hauck, F., Brogan, P., Gilmour, K. C., Schuetz, C., Simon, A., Bock, C., Hambleton, S., de Vries, E., Robinson, P. N., van Gijn, M., and Boztug, K.

Abstract

Background Accurate, detailed, and standardized phenotypic descriptions are essential to support diagnostic interpretation of genetic variants and to discover new diseases. The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO), extensively used in rare disease research, provides a rich collection of vocabulary with standardized phenotypic descriptions in a hierarchical structure. However, to date, the use of HPO has not yet been widely implemented in the field of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), mainly due to a lack of comprehensive IEI-related terms. Objectives We sought to systematically review available terms in HPO for the depiction of IEIs, to expand HPO, yielding more comprehensive sets of terms, and to reannotate IEIs with HPO terms to provide accurate, standardized phenotypic descriptions. Methods We initiated a collaboration involving expert clinicians, geneticists, researchers working on IEIs, and bioinformaticians. Multiple branches of the HPO tree were restructured and extended on the basis of expert review. Our ontology-guided machine learning coupled with a 2-tier expert review was applied to reannotate defined subgroups of IEIs. Results We revised and expanded 4 main branches of the HPO tree. Here, we reannotated 73 diseases from 4 International Union of Immunological Societies–defined IEI disease subgroups with HPO terms. We achieved a 4.7-fold increase in the number of phenotypic terms per disease. Given the new HPO annotations, we demonstrated improved ability to computationally match selected IEI cases to their known diagnosis, and improved phenotype-driven disease classification. Conclusions Our targeted expansion and reannotation presents enhanced precision of disease annotation, will enable superior HPO-based IEI characterization, and hence benefit both IEI diagnostic and research activities.

Published
2022

48. Lessons from rhinology and facial plastic surgery clinical negligence claims in England 2013–2018.

Author

Navaratnam, A V, Pendolino, A L, Kaura, A, Nijim, J, Machin, J T, Briggs, T W R, Marshall, A, Randhawa, P S, and Andrews, P J

Subjects
MAXILLOFACIAL surgery, PLASTIC surgery, NATIONAL health services, MEDICAL errors, HEALTH insurance reimbursement, DECISION making, PATIENT education, ECONOMICS
Abstract

Objective: This study reviewed all rhinology clinical negligence claims in the National Health Service in England between 2013 and 2018. Method: All clinical negligence claims held by National Health Service Resolution relating to rhinology in England between 1 April 2013 and 1 April 2018 were reviewed. Results: There were 171 rhinology related claims with a total estimated potential cost of £13.6 million. There were 119 closed claims (70 per cent) with a total cost of £2.3 million, of which 55 claims resulted in payment of damages. Over three quarters of all rhinology claims were associated with surgery (n = 132). Claims associated with endoscopic sinus surgery had the highest mean cost per claim (£172 978). Unnecessary pain (33.9 per cent) and unnecessary operation (28.1 per cent) were the most commonly cited patient injuries. Conclusion: Patient education and consent have been highlighted as key areas for improvement from this review of rhinology related clinical negligence claims. A shift in clinical practice towards shared decision making could reduce litigation in rhinology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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50. 283 Salvage Versus Primary Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Propensity-Matched Comparative Effectiveness Study from A High-Volume Tertiary Centre

Author

Nathan, A, primary, Fricker, M, additional, De Groote, R, additional, Arora, A, additional, Phuah, Y, additional, Flora, K, additional, Patel, S, additional, Kasivisvanathan, V, additional, Sridhar, A, additional, Shaw, G, additional, Kelly, J, additional, Briggs, T, additional, Rajan, P, additional, Sooriakumaran, P, additional, and Nathan, S, additional

Published
2021
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