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1. <scp>SNAPSHOT USA</scp> 2020: A second coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States during the <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 pandemic

Author

Kays R., Cove M. V., Diaz J., Todd K., Bresnan C., Snider M., Lee T. E., Jasper J. G., Douglas B., Crupi A. P., Weiss K. C. B., Rowe H., Sprague T., Schipper J., Lepczyk C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk J. E., Davenport J., Zimova M., Farris Z., Williamson J., Fisher-Reid M. C., Rezendes D., King S. M., Chrysafis P., Jensen A. J., Jachowski D. S., King K. C., Herrera D. J., Moore S., van der Merwe M., Lombardi J. V., Sergeyev M., Tewes M. E., Horan R. V., Rentz M. S., Driver A., Brandt L. R. S. E., Nagy C., Alexander P., Maher S. P., Darracq A. K., Barr E. G., Hess G., Webb S. L., Proctor M. D., Vanek J. P., Lafferty D. J. R., Hubbard T., Jimenez J. E., McCain C., Favreau J., Fogarty J., Hill J., Hammerich S., Gray M., Rega-Brodsky C. C., Durbin C., Flaherty E. A., Brooke J., Coster S. S., Lathrop R. G., Russell K., Bogan D. A., Shamon H., Rooney B., Rockhill A., Lonsinger R. C., O'Mara M. T., Compton J. A., Barthelmess E. L., Andy K. E., Belant J. L., Petroelje T., Wehr N. H., Beyer D. E., Scognamillo D. G., Schalk C., Day K., Ellison C. N., Ruthven C., Nunley B., Fritts S., Whittier C. A., Neiswenter S. A., Pelletier R., DeGregorio B. A., Kuprewicz E. K., Davis M. L., Baruzzi C., Lashley M. A., McDonald B., Mason D., Risch D. R., Allen M. L., Whipple L. S., Sperry J. H., Alexander E., Wolff P. J., Hagen R. H., Mortelliti A., Bolinjcar A., Wilson A. M., Van Norman S., Powell C., Coletto H., Schauss M., Bontrager H., Beasley J., Ellis-Felege S. N., Wehr S. R., Giery S. T., Pekins C. E., LaRose S. H., Revord R. S., Hansen C. P., Hansen L., Millspaugh J. J., Zorn A., Gerber B. D., Rezendes K., Adley J., Sevin J., Green A. M., Sekercioglu C. H., Pendergast M. E., Mullen K., Bird T., Edelman A. J., Romero A., O'Neill B. J., Schmitz N., Vandermus R. A., Alston J. M., Kuhn K. M., Hasstedt S. C., Lesmeister D. B., Appel C. L., Rota C., Stenglein J. L., Anhalt-Depies C., Nelson C. L., Long R. A., Remine K. R., Jordan M. J., Elbroch L. M., Bergman D., Cendejas-Zarelli S., Sager-Fradkin K., Conner M., Morris G., Parsons E., Hernandez-Yanez H., McShea W. J., Kays, R., Cove, M. V., Diaz, J., Todd, K., Bresnan, C., Snider, M., Lee, T. E., Jasper, J. G., Douglas, B., Crupi, A. P., Weiss, K. C. B., Rowe, H., Sprague, T., Schipper, J., Lepczyk, C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk, J. E., Davenport, J., Zimova, M., Farris, Z., Williamson, J., Fisher-Reid, M. C., Rezendes, D., King, S. M., Chrysafis, P., Jensen, A. J., Jachowski, D. S., King, K. C., Herrera, D. J., Moore, S., van der Merwe, M., Lombardi, J. V., Sergeyev, M., Tewes, M. E., Horan, R. V., Rentz, M. S., Driver, A., Brandt, L. R. S. E., Nagy, C., Alexander, P., Maher, S. P., Darracq, A. K., Barr, E. G., Hess, G., Webb, S. L., Proctor, M. D., Vanek, J. P., Lafferty, D. J. R., Hubbard, T., Jimenez, J. E., Mccain, C., Favreau, J., Fogarty, J., Hill, J., Hammerich, S., Gray, M., Rega-Brodsky, C. C., Durbin, C., Flaherty, E. A., Brooke, J., Coster, S. S., Lathrop, R. G., Russell, K., Bogan, D. A., Shamon, H., Rooney, B., Rockhill, A., Lonsinger, R. C., O'Mara, M. T., Compton, J. A., Barthelmess, E. L., Andy, K. E., Belant, J. L., Petroelje, T., Wehr, N. H., Beyer, D. E., Scognamillo, D. G., Schalk, C., Day, K., Ellison, C. N., Ruthven, C., Nunley, B., Fritts, S., Whittier, C. A., Neiswenter, S. A., Pelletier, R., Degregorio, B. A., Kuprewicz, E. K., Davis, M. L., Baruzzi, C., Lashley, M. A., Mcdonald, B., Mason, D., Risch, D. R., Allen, M. L., Whipple, L. S., Sperry, J. H., Alexander, E., Wolff, P. J., Hagen, R. H., Mortelliti, A., Bolinjcar, A., Wilson, A. M., Van Norman, S., Powell, C., Coletto, H., Schauss, M., Bontrager, H., Beasley, J., Ellis-Felege, S. N., Wehr, S. R., Giery, S. T., Pekins, C. E., Larose, S. H., Revord, R. S., Hansen, C. P., Hansen, L., Millspaugh, J. J., Zorn, A., Gerber, B. D., Rezendes, K., Adley, J., Sevin, J., Green, A. M., Sekercioglu, C. H., Pendergast, M. E., Mullen, K., Bird, T., Edelman, A. J., Romero, A., O'Neill, B. J., Schmitz, N., Vandermus, R. A., Alston, J. M., Kuhn, K. M., Hasstedt, S. C., Lesmeister, D. B., Appel, C. L., Rota, C., Stenglein, J. L., Anhalt-Depies, C., Nelson, C. L., Long, R. A., Remine, K. R., Jordan, M. J., Elbroch, L. M., Bergman, D., Cendejas-Zarelli, S., Sager-Fradkin, K., Conner, M., Morris, G., Parsons, E., Hernandez-Yanez, H., and Mcshea, W. J.

Subjects
United State, Carnivora, Wild, mammal, Animals, Wild, Didelphimorphia, species distribution modeling, Birds, Bird, camera traps, biodiversity, biogeography, Cetartiodactyla, Lagomorpha, mammals, occupancy modeling, Animals, Humans, Mammals, Pandemics, United States, COVID-19, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Pandemic, camera trap, Animal, Human
Abstract

Managing wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort. Most (58) of these arrays were also sampled during the same months (September and October) in 2019, providing a direct comparison of animal populations in 2 years that includes data from both during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. All data were managed by the eMammal system, with all species identifications checked by at least two reviewers. In total, we recorded 117,415 detections of 78 species of wild mammals, 9236 detections of at least 43 species of birds, 15,851 detections of six domestic animals and 23,825 detections of humans or their vehicles. Spatial differences across arrays explained more variation in the relative abundance than temporal variation across years for all 38 species modeled, although there are examples of significant site-level differences among years for many species. Temporal results show how species allocate their time and can be used to study species interactions, including between humans and wildlife. These data provide a snapshot of the mammal community of the USA for 2020 and will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, and the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. There are no copyright restrictions, and please cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication.

Published
2022
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2. SNAPSHOT USA 2019: a coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States

Author

Jerrold L. Belant, Seth C. Crockett, William J. McShea, Adam Zorn, Robert A. Long, Çağan H. Şekercioğlu, Kelly Anne MacCombie, Helen I. Rowe, Jaquelyn Tleimat, Adrienne Dykstra, Kelsey A. Barnick, Tiffany A. Sprague, Connor Cincotta, Andrew J. Edelman, Marcus A. Lashley, Anthony P. Crupi, Steven Hammerich, Jennifer Sevin, Carolina Baruzzi, Jesse M. Alston, Elizabeth A. Flaherty, Christopher P. Hansen, Damon B. Lesmeister, Sean T. Giery, Caroline N. Ellison, Andrea K. Darracq, George R. Hess, Brian J. O'Neill, Matthew E. Gompper, Christopher M. Schalk, Amelia M. Bergquist, Ronald S. Revord, Brian D. Gerber, Arielle W. Parsons, Chelsey Tellez, Travis W. Knowles, Daniel G. Scognamillo, Christopher Nagy, Jan Schipper, Morgan Gray, Maximilian L. Allen, Gary W. Roemer, Tavis Forrester, Aaron N. Facka, Miranda L. Davis, Alexej P. K. Sirén, Brett A. DeGregorio, Colin E. Studds, Monica Lasky, Melissa T. R. Hawkins, La Roy S.E. Brandt, Thomas E. Lee, Sean M. King, Mark A. Linnell, Jinelle H. Sperry, John F. Benson, Katherine C. B. Weiss, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Fabiola Iannarilli, Bryn Evans, Christopher A. Lepczyk, David Mason, Mark J. Jordan, Jarred M. Brooke, Cara L. Appel, Katherine E. Andy, Jennifer L. Stenglein, Dean E. Beyer, Tru Hubbard, Marketa Zimova, Alexandra J. Bebko, Daniel J. Herrera, Cristian J. Hernandez, Petros Chrysafis, Summer D. Higdon, Caleb Durbin, Sophie L. Nasrallah, Roland Kays, Scott D. LaPoint, Kathryn R. Remine, Brandon T. Barton, Chip Ruthven, Robert C. Lonsinger, Noel Schmitz, Jorie Favreau, Stephen L. Webb, Edward Trout, Mary E. Pendergast, Brenna Wells, Christine Anhalt-Depies, Robert Horan, Christopher A. Whittier, Todd K. Fuller, M. Teague O'Mara, Hila Shamon, Jean E. Fantle-Lepczyk, Rachel M. Cliché, Sean P. Maher, Stephanie S. Coster, Joshua Sands, Kellie M. Kuhn, Helen Bontrager, Christopher T. Rota, Jaylin N. Solberg, Sarah R. Fritts, John P. Vanek, Laura S. Whipple, Erika L. Barthelmess, Alessio Mortelliti, Kodi Jo Jaspers, Daniel Davis, Renee Klann, Erin K. Kuprewicz, Melinda Fowler, Christine C. Rega-Brodsky, Haydée Hernández-Yáñez, Robert Pelletier, Daniel A. Bogan, M. Caitlin Fisher-Reid, Weston C. Thompson, Chris Sutherland, Claire Bresnan, Todd M. Kautz, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Neil H. Carter, Sharyn B. Marks, Carrie Nelson, Jessica C. Burr, Richard G. Lathrop, Austin M. Green, Robert H. Hagen, Andrea Romero, Michael S. Rentz, Matthew S. Leslie, Katarina Russell, Michael V. Cove, David S. Jachowski, Paige S. Warren, Sean A. Neiswenter, Nyeema C. Harris, Jillian R. Kilborn, Taylor Frerichs, Marius van der Merwe, Jennifer Y. Zhao, Darren A. Clark, Derek R. Risch, Jacque Williamson, Diana J. R. Lafferty, Michelle Halbur, Joanne R. Wasdin, Melissa R. Price, Justin A. Compton, Alex J. Jensen, University of St Andrews. Statistics, Cove, M. V., Kays, R., Bontrager, H., Bresnan, C., Lasky, M., Frerichs, T., Klann, R., Lee, T. E., Crockett, S. C., Crupi, A. P., Weiss, K. C. B., Rowe, H., Sprague, T., Schipper, J., Tellez, C., Lepczyk, C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk, J. E., Lapoint, S., Williamson, J., Fisher-Reid, M. C., King, S. M., Bebko, A. J., Chrysafis, P., Jensen, A. J., Jachowski, D. S., Sands, J., Maccombie, K. A., Herrera, D. J., van der Merwe, M., Knowles, T. W., Horan, R. V., Rentz, M. S., Brandt, L. S. E., Nagy, C., Barton, B. T., Thompson, W. C., Maher, S. P., Darracq, A. K., Hess, G., Parsons, A. W., Wells, B., Roemer, G. W., Hernandez, C. J., Gompper, M. E., Webb, S. L., Vanek, J. P., Lafferty, D. J. R., Bergquist, A. M., Hubbard, T., Forrester, T., Clark, D., Cincotta, C., Favreau, J., Facka, A. N., Halbur, M., Hammerich, S., Gray, M., Rega-Brodsky, C. C., Durbin, C., Flaherty, E. A., Brooke, J. M., Coster, S. S., Lathrop, R. G., Russell, K., Bogan, D. A., Cliche, R., Shamon, H., Hawkins, M. T. R., Marks, S. B., Lonsinger, R. C., O'Mara, M. T., Compton, J. A., Fowler, M., Barthelmess, E. L., Andy, K. E., Belant, J. L., Beyer, D. E., Kautz, T. M., Scognamillo, D. G., Schalk, C. M., Leslie, M. S., Nasrallah, S. L., Ellison, C. N., Ruthven, C., Fritts, S., Tleimat, J., Gay, M., Whittier, C. A., Neiswenter, S. A., Pelletier, R., Degregorio, B. A., Kuprewicz, E. K., Davis, M. L., Dykstra, A., Mason, D. S., Baruzzi, C., Lashley, M. A., Risch, D. R., Price, M. R., Allen, M. L., Whipple, L. S., Sperry, J. H., Hagen, R. H., Mortelliti, A., Evans, B. E., Studds, C. E., Siren, A. P. K., Kilborn, J., Sutherland, C., Warren, P., Fuller, T., Harris, N. C., Carter, N. H., Trout, E., Zimova, M., Giery, S. T., Iannarilli, F., Higdon, S. D., Revord, R. S., Hansen, C. P., Millspaugh, J. J., Zorn, A., Benson, J. F., Wehr, N. H., Solberg, J. N., Gerber, B. D., Burr, J. C., Sevin, J., Green, A. M., Sekercioglu, C. H., Pendergast, M., Barnick, K. A., Edelman, A. J., Wasdin, J. R., Romero, A., O'Neill, B. J., Schmitz, N., Alston, J. M., Kuhn, K. M., Lesmeister, D. B., Linnell, M. A., Appel, C. L., Rota, C., Stenglein, J. L., Anhalt-Depies, C., Nelson, C., Long, R. A., Jo Jaspers, K., Remine, K. R., Jordan, M. J., Davis, D., Hernandez-Yanez, H., Zhao, J. Y., and Mcshea, W. J.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cingulata, QH301 Biology, Carnivora, Population Dynamics, Biodiversity, mammal, Information repository, 01 natural sciences, QA, biodiversity, Mammals, education.field_of_study, camera trap, Ecology, Camera traps, Environmental resource management, Species distribution modeling, Geography, Biogeography, carnivora, Extinction debt, United State, Cetartiodactyla, Didelphimorphia, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, biogeography, camera traps, mammals, occupancy modeling, species distribution modeling, Animals, Birds, United States, Animals, Wild, Occupancy modeling, Population, Wildlife, Wild, 010603 evolutionary biology, Snapshot (photography), QH301, Bird, QA Mathematics, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Population Dynamic, Animal, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, DAS, Camera trap, Survey data collection, business
Abstract

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states during a 14-week period (17 August - 24 November of 2019). We sampled wildlife at 1509 camera trap sites from 110 camera trap arrays covering 12 different ecoregions across four development zones. This effort resulted in 166,036 unique detections of 83 species of mammals and 17 species of birds. All images were processed through the Smithsonian's eMammal camera trap data repository and included an expert review phase to ensure taxonomic accuracy of data, resulting in each picture being reviewed at least twice. The results represent a timely and standardized camera trap survey of the USA. All of the 2019 survey data are made available herein. We are currently repeating surveys in fall 2020, opening up the opportunity to other institutions and cooperators to expand coverage of all the urban-wild gradients and ecophysiographic regions of the country. Future data will be available as the database is updated at eMammal.si.edu/snapshot-usa, as well as future data paper submissions. These data will be useful for local and macroecological research including the examination of community assembly, effects of environmental and anthropogenic landscape variables, effects of fragmentation and extinction debt dynamics, as well as species-specific population dynamics and conservation action plans. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this paper when using the data for publication. Publisher PDF

Published
2021

3. SNAPSHOT USA 2019: a coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

Author

Cove MV, Kays R, Bontrager H, Bresnan C, Lasky M, Frerichs T, Klann R, Lee TE Jr, Crockett SC, Crupi AP, Weiss KCB, Rowe H, Sprague T, Schipper J, Tellez C, Lepczyk CA, Fantle-Lepczyk JE, LaPoint S, Williamson J, Fisher-Reid MC, King SM, Bebko AJ, Chrysafis P, Jensen AJ, Jachowski DS, Sands J, MacCombie KA, Herrera DJ, van der Merwe M, Knowles TW, Horan RV 3rd, Rentz MS, Brandt LSE, Nagy C, Barton BT, Thompson WC, Maher SP, Darracq AK, Hess G, Parsons AW, Wells B, Roemer GW, Hernandez CJ, Gompper ME, Webb SL, Vanek JP, Lafferty DJR, Bergquist AM, Hubbard T, Forrester T, Clark D, Cincotta C, Favreau J, Facka AN, Halbur M, Hammerich S, Gray M, Rega-Brodsky CC, Durbin C, Flaherty EA, Brooke JM, Coster SS, Lathrop RG, Russell K, Bogan DA, Cliché R, Shamon H, Hawkins MTR, Marks SB, Lonsinger RC, O'Mara MT, Compton JA, Fowler M, Barthelmess EL, Andy KE, Belant JL, Beyer DE Jr, Kautz TM, Scognamillo DG, Schalk CM, Leslie MS, Nasrallah SL, Ellison CN, Ruthven C, Fritts S, Tleimat J, Gay M, Whittier CA, Neiswenter SA, Pelletier R, DeGregorio BA, Kuprewicz EK, Davis ML, Dykstra A, Mason DS, Baruzzi C, Lashley MA, Risch DR, Price MR, Allen ML, Whipple LS, Sperry JH, Hagen RH, Mortelliti A, Evans BE, Studds CE, Sirén APK, Kilborn J, Sutherland C, Warren P, Fuller T, Harris NC, Carter NH, Trout E, Zimova M, Giery ST, Iannarilli F, Higdon SD, Revord RS, Hansen CP, Millspaugh JJ, Zorn A, Benson JF, Wehr NH, Solberg JN, Gerber BD, Burr JC, Sevin J, Green AM, Şekercioğlu ÇH, Pendergast M, Barnick KA, Edelman AJ, Wasdin JR, Romero A, O'Neill BJ, Schmitz N, Alston JM, Kuhn KM, Lesmeister DB, Linnell MA, Appel CL, Rota C, Stenglein JL, Anhalt-Depies C, Nelson C, Long RA, Jo Jaspers K, Remine KR, Jordan MJ, Davis D, Hernández-Yáñez H, Zhao JY, and McShea WJ

Subjects
Animals, Birds, Population Dynamics, United States, Animals, Wild, Mammals
Abstract

With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states during a 14-week period (17 August-24 November of 2019). We sampled wildlife at 1,509 camera trap sites from 110 camera trap arrays covering 12 different ecoregions across four development zones. This effort resulted in 166,036 unique detections of 83 species of mammals and 17 species of birds. All images were processed through the Smithsonian's eMammal camera trap data repository and included an expert review phase to ensure taxonomic accuracy of data, resulting in each picture being reviewed at least twice. The results represent a timely and standardized camera trap survey of the United States. All of the 2019 survey data are made available herein. We are currently repeating surveys in fall 2020, opening up the opportunity to other institutions and cooperators to expand coverage of all the urban-wild gradients and ecophysiographic regions of the country. Future data will be available as the database is updated at eMammal.si.edu/snapshot-usa, as will future data paper submissions. These data will be useful for local and macroecological research including the examination of community assembly, effects of environmental and anthropogenic landscape variables, effects of fragmentation and extinction debt dynamics, as well as species-specific population dynamics and conservation action plans. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this paper when using the data for publication., (© 2021 The Authors. Ecology © 2021 The Ecological Society of America.)

Published
2021
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4. Evaluation of Resident Physicians' Knowledge of and Attitudes Towards Prescribing Buprenorphine for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.

Author

Shuey B, Lee D, Ugalde I, Borgan S, Bresnan C, Qureshi M, Mhaskar R, and Oxner A

Subjects
Attitude, Cross-Sectional Studies, Florida, Humans, Opiate Substitution Treatment, Buprenorphine therapeutic use, Opioid-Related Disorders drug therapy, Physicians
Abstract

Objective: To determine internal medicine (IM) residents' knowledge of, attitudes towards, and barriers to prescribing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder (OUD)., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of IM residents across all 35 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited Florida IM residency programs. We used an online survey to collect information about resident demographics, substance use curriculums, career interests, content knowledge about diagnosing and managing OUD, and attitudes about and barriers to prescribing buprenorphine for OUD. We used Chi-square test to explore differences in interest in prescribing buprenorphine. We created a composite knowledge score and investigated distribution of knowledge among characteristics via Mann-Whitney U test., Results: There were 161 participants (response rate 16.0%, n = 1008) across 35 programs Seventy-seven percent of residents provided care for patients with OUD more than once per month. Seventy-four percent report no buprenorphine prescribing training. Higher knowledge scores, interest in primary care, being an intern, and caring for patients with OUD more than monthly were associated with interest in obtaining a buprenorphine waiver (P < 0.05). Limited knowledge about OUD was the most important barrier to prescribing buprenorphine. Eighty-nine percent support legislation to deregulate buprenorphine., Conclusions: Knowledge about managing OUD was poor and represented the most commonly cited barrier to prescribing buprenorphine. Residents want to expand their role in treating OUD. Our findings warrant incorporating addiction medicine into residency curriculum standards. Legislation removing the buprenorphine waiver requirement may increase the number of resident buprenorphine prescribers and improve treatment options for patients with opioid addiction., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 American Society of Addiction Medicine.)

Published
2021
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