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The total sample included 43 487 patients undergoing ACDF, 6800 patients undergoing laminoplasty, 2075 patients undergoing CDA and 32 871 patients undergoing posterior laminectomy and fusion. Patient's expectations of surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis: analysis b... Background Patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis have higher expectations of pain relief and functional well-being than patients with lumbar stenosis. At 1 year after surgery, mildly frail patients were 1.50 times (p = 0.002), moderately frail patients were 1.72 times (p < 0.001) and severely frail patients were 1.71 times (p < 0.001) more likely to achieve MCID. Results A total of 493 patients were included in this study, with 272 patients (55.2%) receiving their surgery less than 60 days after providing consent for surgery and 221 patients (44.8%) 60 days or more after providing consent for surgery. Results A total of 253 patients were included: 40 patients died within the first 3 months after surgery and 213 patients survived more than 3 months. [Extracted from the article]

Background Research on the social determinants of health is increasingly using welfare regime theory. Although a key argument is that population health will be better and health inequalities lower in social democratic regimes than in others, this research has not been subjected to a systematic review. This paper identifies and assesses empirical studies that explicitly use a welfare regime typology in comparative health research Methods 15 electronic databases and relevant bibliographies were searched to identify empirical studies published in English-language journals from January 1970 to February 2011. Thirty-three studies appearing in 14 peer-reviewed journals between 1994 and 2011 met the inclusion criteria Results Three welfare regime typologies and their variants dominated existing work, which consisted of two broad study types: One compared population health and health inequalities across welfare regimes; the other considered relationships between health and the political determinants and policies of welfare regimes. Studies were further distinguished by the presence or absence of statistical significance testing of relationships of interest. Just under one half of studies comparing outcomes by regime found at least some evidence that health inequalities were lowest or population health was the best in social democratic countries. Studies analysing the relationship between health (mortality) and the political determinants or policies of welfare states were more likely to report results consistent with welfare regime theory Conclusions Health differences by regime were not always consistent with welfare regime theory. Measurement of policy instruments or outcomes of welfare regimes may be more promising for public health research than the use of typologies alone INSETS: What is already known on this subject;What this study adds;Policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]