23 results on '"Brennand, JE"'
Search Results
2. FIRST TRIMESTER E-SELECTIN LEVELS PREDICT PRE-ECLAMPSIA: PP.12.468
- Author
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Carty, DM, primary, Brennand, JE, additional, Mcculloch, JW, additional, Johnstone, J, additional, Welsh, P, additional, Delles, C, additional, and Dominiczak, AF, additional
- Published
- 2010
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3. PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL TONE TECHNOLOGY TO ASSESS ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN PREGNANCY: PP.3.128
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Carty, DM, primary, Brennand, JE, additional, Delles, C, additional, and Dominiczak, AF, additional
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- 2010
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4. INTERPLAY OF PRO- AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MOLECULES IN NORMAL PREGNANCY AND POST-PARTUM: 2C.07
- Author
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Carty, DM, primary, Brennand, JE, additional, McCulloch, JW, additional, Welsh, P, additional, Delles, C, additional, and Dominiczak, AF, additional
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- 2010
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5. Current methods of screening for Down syndrome
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Brennand, JE, primary and Cameron, AD, additional
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- 2001
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6. Human parvovirus B19 in pregnancy
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Brennand, JE, primary and Cameron, AD, additional
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- 2000
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7. Fetal Heart — Abnormal Appearances
- Author
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Brennand, JE, primary and Macara, LM, additional
- Published
- 1999
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- View/download PDF
8. Early pregnancy soluble E-selectin concentrations and risk of preeclampsia.
- Author
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Carty DM, Anderson LA, Freeman DJ, Welsh PI, Brennand JE, Dominiczak AF, and Delles C
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- 2012
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9. Human parvovirus B19 in pregnancy
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Brennand, JE and Cameron, AD
- Abstract
Parvovirus B19 infection can result in an adverse outcome when acquired during pregnancy. However, in the majority of cases a successful outcome can be anticipated. Public awareness of this condition is essential and obstetricians should be familiar with the options available to them if they are presented with this clinical problem.
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- 2000
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10. Fetal Heart — Abnormal Appearances
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Brennand, JE and Macara, LM
- Published
- 1999
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11. Obstetric and long-term kidney outcomes in renal transplant recipients: a 40-yr single-center study.
- Author
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Stoumpos S, McNeill SH, Gorrie M, Mark PB, Brennand JE, Geddes CC, and Deighan CJ
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- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Graft Survival, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Transplant Recipients, United Kingdom epidemiology, Delivery, Obstetric statistics & numerical data, Kidney physiopathology, Kidney Transplantation, Pregnancy Complications epidemiology, Pregnancy Outcome
- Abstract
Female renal transplant recipients of childbearing age may ask what the outcomes are for pregnancy and whether pregnancy will affect graft function. We analyzed obstetric and transplant outcomes among renal transplant recipients in our center who have been pregnant between 1973 and 2013. A case-cohort study was performed identifying 83 pairs of pregnant and non-pregnant controls matched for sex, age, transplant vintage, and creatinine. There were 138 pregnancies reported from 89 renal transplant recipients. There were live births in 74% of pregnancies with high prevalence of prematurity (61%), low birth weight (52%), and pre-eclampsia (14%). Lower eGFR (OR 0.98; p = 0.05) and higher uPCR (OR 1.86; p = 0.02) at conception were independent predictors for poor composite obstetric outcome. Lower eGFR (OR 0.98; p = 0.04), higher uPCR (OR 1.50; p = 0.04), and live organ donation (OR 0.35; p = 0.02) were predictors of ≥20% loss of eGFR between immediately pre-pregnancy and one yr after delivery. There was no difference in eGFR at one, five, and 10 yr in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant controls and a pregnancy was not associated with poorer 10-yr transplant or 20-yr patient survival. Despite high rates of obstetric complications, most women had successful pregnancies with good long-term transplant function., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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12. Urinary proteomics for prediction of preeclampsia.
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Carty DM, Siwy J, Brennand JE, Zürbig P, Mullen W, Franke J, McCulloch JW, Roberts CT, North RA, Chappell LC, Mischak H, Poston L, Dominiczak AF, and Delles C
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- Adult, Biomarkers analysis, Biomarkers urine, Chromatography, Liquid, Female, Humans, Mass Spectrometry, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Proteomics, Pre-Eclampsia diagnosis, Pre-Eclampsia urine
- Abstract
Preeclampsia is a major determinant of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. We used a proteomic strategy to identify urinary biomarkers that predict preeclampsia before the onset of disease. We prospectively collected urine samples from women throughout pregnancy. Samples from gestational weeks 12 to 16 (n=45), 20 (n=50), and 28 (n=18) from women who subsequently had preeclampsia develop were matched to controls (n=86, n=49, and n=17, respectively). We performed capillary electrophoresis online coupled to micro-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Disease-specific peptide patterns were generated using support vector machine-based software. Candidate biomarkers were sequenced by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. From comparison with nonpregnant controls, we defined a panel of 284 pregnancy-specific proteomic biomarkers. Subsequently, we developed a model of 50 biomarkers from specimens obtained at week 28 that was associated with future preeclampsia (classification factor in cases, 1.032 ± 0.411 vs controls, -1.038 ± 0.432; P<0.001). Classification factor increased markedly from week 12 to 16 to 28 in women who subsequently had preeclampsia develop (n=16; from -0.392 ± 0.383 to 1.070 ± 0.383; P<0.001) and decreased slightly in controls (n=16; from -0.647 ± 0.437 to -1.024 ± 0.433; P=0.043). Among the biomarkers are fibrinogen alpha chain, collagen alpha chain, and uromodulin fragments. The markers appear to predict preeclampsia at gestational week 28 with good confidence but not reliably at earlier time points (weeks 12-16 and 20). After prospective validation in other cohorts, these markers may contribute to better prediction, monitoring, and accurate diagnosis of preeclampsia.
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- 2011
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13. Production of inhibin forms by the fetal membranes, decidua, placenta and fetus at parturition.
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Riley SC, Leask R, Balfour C, Brennand JE, and Groome NP
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- Amnion metabolism, Amniotic Fluid metabolism, Chorion metabolism, Culture Techniques, Female, Fetal Blood metabolism, Gestational Age, Humans, Inhibins blood, Inhibins urine, Labor, Obstetric, Lung embryology, Lung physiology, Male, Perfusion, Pregnancy, Protein Isoforms, Decidua metabolism, Extraembryonic Membranes metabolism, Fetus metabolism, Inhibins metabolism, Placenta metabolism
- Abstract
Inhibins are regulators of paracrine and endocrine function during pregnancy, but their intrauterine sites of secretion are not well established. In amniotic fluid, inhibin A-, inhibin B- and inhibin pro-alphaC-containing isoforms were present in high concentrations, whereas in maternal serum, inhibin A and pro-alphaC forms were present in high amounts, with low concentrations of inhibin B. In fetal cord serum, inhibin pro-alphaC was present in all samples, inhibin B was detectable in male but not female fetuses, with no detectable inhibin A in either sex. From cultured explants, both inhibin A and B were secreted by chorion laeve, whereas only inhibin A was secreted by placenta, with both tissues secreting inhibin pro-alphaC. Only low concentrations of both dimeric inhibins and pro-alphaC forms were secreted by decidua parietalis and amnion. The dual perfused placental cotyledon secreted both inhibin A and pro-alphaC into maternal perfusate, but only inhibin pro-alphaC into the fetal circulation and less than to the maternal side. We conclude that trophoblast is the predominant source of dimeric inhibins, but with markedly different secretion depending on its intrauterine location. There was a significant decrease in inhibin A and pro-alphaC in amniotic fluid collected at term active labour compared to elective Caesarean section (P < 0.001). This may reflect a local change in inhibin/activin processing at labour, likely in chorion laeve trophoblast cells, which may be important in the paracrine control of the feto-maternal communication required to maintain pregnancy and initiate labour.
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- 2000
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14. Anti-activated factor X profiles in pregnant women receiving antenatal thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin.
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Brennand JE, Walker ID, and Greer IA
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- Adult, Anticoagulants pharmacokinetics, Enoxaparin pharmacokinetics, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Enoxaparin therapeutic use, Factor Xa analysis, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic prevention & control, Thrombosis prevention & control
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- 1999
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15. The effects of mifepristone on cervical ripening and labor induction in primigravidae.
- Author
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Elliott CL, Brennand JE, and Calder AA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Double-Blind Method, Female, Gravidity, Humans, Hypoglycemia chemically induced, Infant, Newborn, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Mifepristone administration & dosage, Mifepristone adverse effects, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Cervical Ripening drug effects, Labor, Induced methods, Mifepristone pharmacology
- Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of 50 mg or 200 mg of oral mifepristone with placebo on cervical ripening and induction of labor in primigravid women at term with unfavorable cervices., Methods: This was a double-blind study in which 80 primigravidae at term with a modified Bishop score of 4 or less were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. They were assessed at 24-hour intervals for 72 hours, after which labor was induced if it had not occurred spontaneously., Results: Two hundred milligrams of mifepristone resulted in a favorable cervix (with a Bishop score greater than 6 or in spontaneous labor) in significantly more women than placebo (P = .01). An improvement in cervical ripening was seen in the group given 50 mg of mifepristone, but this was not statistically significant. There were more cesarean deliveries performed for fetal distress in the group treated with 200 mg of mifepristone than placebo, but this was not statistically significant and was not associated with any differences between groups in terms of neonatal outcome., Conclusion: Mifepristone, a progesterone antagonist, is known to cause softening and dilation of the human early pregnant cervix and an increase in uterine activity. It is theoretically attractive for use as an adjunct in cervical priming and labor induction. In this study, 200 mg of mifepristone was significantly more likely to result in a favorable cervix than placebo.
- Published
- 1998
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16. Mechanisms involved in the stimulatory effect of amniotic fluid on prostaglandin production by human fetal membranes.
- Author
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Brennand JE, Leask R, Kelly RW, Greer IA, and Calder AA
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- Amniotic Fluid cytology, Cells, Cultured, Cesarean Section, Chorion cytology, Chorion drug effects, Cycloheximide pharmacology, Dactinomycin pharmacology, Dinoprost analogs & derivatives, Dinoprost biosynthesis, Dinoprost metabolism, Dinoprostone analogs & derivatives, Dinoprostone biosynthesis, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Extraembryonic Membranes cytology, Extraembryonic Membranes drug effects, Female, Genistein pharmacology, Humans, Labor, Obstetric, Pregnancy, Staurosporine pharmacology, Amniotic Fluid physiology, Extraembryonic Membranes metabolism, Prostaglandins biosynthesis
- Abstract
This study aims to investigate potential mechanisms involved in the stimulatory effect of amniotic fluid on prostaglandin production by fetal membranes. A cell culture study of amnion and chorion was obtained following elective caesarean section, incubated with amniotic fluid collected at term (37-42 weeks' gestation) following either spontaneous labour (n = 6) or elective caesarean section (n = 6). The effect of addition of cycloheximide and actinomycin D (inhibitors of translation and transcription respectively), and staurosporine and genistein (inhibitors of protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase respectively) to these cultures was investigated. ANOVA was employed for statistical analysis. Cycloheximide and staurosporine significantly inhibited the stimulatory effect of spontaneous labour and elective section amniotic fluid on PGE2 production by amnion, and PGEM production by chorion. Genistein significantly inhibited the stimulatory effect of spontaneous labour amniotic fluid on PGE2 and PGEM production by amnion and chorion respectively. The stimulatory effect of amniotic fluid on prostaglandin production is dependent on new protein synthesis, presumably cyclooxygenase (COX), and stimulation of cell signal transduction pathways involving protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase.
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- 1998
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17. Recombinant human relaxin as a cervical ripening agent.
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Brennand JE, Calder AA, Leitch CR, Greer IA, Chou MM, and MacKenzie IZ
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- Administration, Intravaginal, Adult, Cervix Uteri physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Female, Gels, Humans, Labor Stage, First, Pregnancy, Recombinant Proteins administration & dosage, Recombinant Proteins adverse effects, Cervix Uteri drug effects, Labor, Induced methods, Oxytocics administration & dosage, Oxytocics adverse effects, Relaxin administration & dosage, Relaxin adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human relaxin (rhRIx) as a cervical ripening agent in women with an unfavourable cervix before induction of labour at term., Design: A multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Oxford. Women were treated with 0, 1, 2 or 4 mg of rhRIx in a gel vehicle administered intravaginally. Analysis of variance tests were performed on all continuous variables, and Cochran Mantel-Haenszel tests employed for all discrete variables., Participants: Ninety-six women at 37 to 42 weeks of gestation with a singleton pregnancy and a modified Bishop score of < or = 4 were recruited., Results: There was no significant difference in the change in modified Bishop score between the four treatment groups. The lengths of the first and second stages of labour were similar in all 4 groups. PGE2 and oxytocin requirements were similar in all groups, as was the mode of delivery. There was no evidence that relaxin was absorbed systemically when given in this way., Conclusion: Recombinant human relaxin 1 to 4 mg, administered as an intravaginal gel, has no effect as a cervical ripening agent before induction of labour at term.
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- 1997
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18. Prawn sandwiches, red herrings and abdominal pregnancy.
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Brennand JE, Morris AR, and Greer IA
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- Adult, Blood Transfusion, Fallopian Tubes surgery, Female, Fetal Death, Gestational Age, Humans, Hysterectomy, Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Ectopic surgery, Pregnancy, Ectopic diagnosis, Uterus abnormalities
- Abstract
An unusual presentation of abdominal pregnancy is reported. The difficulty in diagnosis of this form of ectopic pregnancy, and the potential risks of delayed intervention are highlighted. The association with uterine anomaly, in this case uterus didelphys, is discussed.
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- 1997
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19. Changes in prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism associated with labour, and the influence of dexamethasone, RU 486 and progesterone.
- Author
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Brennand JE, Leask R, Kelly RW, Greer IA, and Calder AA
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- Amnion drug effects, Amnion metabolism, Amnion physiology, Analysis of Variance, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Arachidonic Acids pharmacology, Chorion drug effects, Chorion metabolism, Chorion physiology, Culture Techniques, Dinoprost biosynthesis, Dinoprost metabolism, Dinoprostone biosynthesis, Dinoprostone metabolism, Female, Humans, Indomethacin pharmacology, Labor, Obstetric physiology, Pregnancy, Radioimmunoassay, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Dexamethasone pharmacology, Hormone Antagonists pharmacology, Labor, Obstetric metabolism, Mifepristone pharmacology, Progesterone pharmacology, Prostaglandins biosynthesis, Prostaglandins metabolism
- Abstract
The objective was to compare the changes in prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism occurring within the fetal membranes that are associated with the onset of parturition and to study the effect of steroid hormones on prostaglandin metabolism. A tissue explant study was made of discs of amnion and chorion obtained from 24 pregnant women at 37-42 weeks' gestation following spontaneous labour and delivery (12 women) and elective caesarean section (12 women). Significantly more prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2 alpha were synthesized by amnion obtained following spontaneous labour than elective caesarean section. Arachidonic acid stimulated both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha synthesis by amnion in both groups. Phorbol myristoyl acetate stimulated PGE2 synthesis in both groups. There was no difference between the groups in the capacity of the chorion to metabolize prostaglandins. Mifepristone (RU 486) reduced the metabolism of added PGE2 following spontaneous labour, while dexamethasone and progesterone had no effect on prostaglandin metabolism. In conclusion, the increase in concentration of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha associated with the onset of spontaneous labour is the result of an increase in synthesis rather than a reduction in metabolism. There was no decrease in metabolism to account for the increase in prostaglandin concentrations and, with the exception of mifepristone, metabolism was not altered by the addition of steroid hormones.
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- 1995
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20. Effects of gemeprost and mifepristone on the mechanical properties of the cervix prior to first trimester termination of pregnancy.
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Carbonne B, Brennand JE, Maria B, Cabrol D, and Calder AA
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- Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal adverse effects, Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Alprostadil administration & dosage, Alprostadil adverse effects, Female, Humans, Mifepristone adverse effects, Obstetrics instrumentation, Pessaries, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal administration & dosage, Abortion, Induced, Alprostadil analogs & derivatives, Cervix Uteri drug effects, Mifepristone administration & dosage
- Abstract
Objective: To study the effects of oral mifepristone and vaginal gemeprost on the mechanical properties of the cervix prior to first trimester termination of pregnancy by vacuum aspiration., Design: A comparative study. Each patient served as her own control., Setting: The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK., Subjects: Forty nulliparous women at six to twelve weeks of pregnancy., Interventions: The women received either gemeprost (1 mg) 3 h prior to termination of pregnancy or mifepristone (200 mg) 48 h before operation., Main Outcome Measures: Two different objective methods of assessment of the mechanical properties of the cervix, one measuring the distensibility of the cervix before drug administration and immediately before the operation, and the other measuring the force necessary to dilate the cervix; incidence of new symptoms following drug intake; immediate complications and estimated blood loss., Results: Both treatments significantly increased cervical distensibility. Baseline dilatation was greater in the mifepristone group. The force required to dilate the cervix was significantly reduced in mifepristone-treated patients. There was a good correlation between the two different methods of assessment of the mechanical properties of the cervix only in the gemeprost group., Conclusion: Cervagem and mifepristone can be used to increase cervical distensibility. Cervical dilatation is easier with a 48 h regimen of mifepristone than with gemeprost.
- Published
- 1995
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21. Unexplained haemolytic anaemia in successive pregnancies with negative direct antiglobulin test and response to high dose i.v. IgG.
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Bjornsson S, Brennand JE, Calder AA, Lumley SP, Manson L, Todd AA, Murphy WG, and Ludlam CA
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- Adult, Anemia, Hemolytic etiology, Blood Transfusion, Coombs Test, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic etiology, Anemia, Hemolytic therapy, Immunoglobulin G administration & dosage, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic therapy
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Interleukin-8 production by the human cervix.
- Author
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Barclay CG, Brennand JE, Kelly RW, and Calder AA
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- Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal pharmacology, Alprostadil analogs & derivatives, Alprostadil pharmacology, Analysis of Variance, Cervix Uteri drug effects, Culture Techniques, Dimethylformamide pharmacology, Dinoprostone biosynthesis, Ethers, Cyclic pharmacology, Female, Humans, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Okadaic Acid, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases antagonists & inhibitors, Progesterone pharmacology, Radioimmunoassay, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate pharmacology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha pharmacology, Cervix Uteri metabolism, Interleukin-8 biosynthesis, Menopause metabolism, Pregnancy metabolism
- Abstract
Objectives: Our purpose was (1) to determine whether the human cervix is capable of producing interleukin-8 in vitro and to examine the possibility of stimulating an increase in any such output and (2) to examine the concomitant production of prostaglandins., Study Design: Cervical tissue was obtained from 48 women, 29 pregnant women undergoing surgical termination of pregnancy (20 of whom were treated with the prostaglandin analog Cervagem), 14 nonpregnant, premenopausal women, and three postmenopausal women. Explants were cultured and the medium was assayed for interleukin-8 and prostaglandin E2. Analysis of variance and Newman-Keuls statistical tests were used., Results: Significant quantities of interleukin-8 were produced by the tissue, and the data indicate that cervical explants from pregnant and nonpregnant women behave in a similar way when challenged by phorbol myristate acetate but that the postmenopausal cervix loses its capacity for interleukin-8 production., Conclusions: Human cervix is capable of producing large amounts of interleukin-8 in vitro, and it may be influenced by the steroid hormones. Thus interleukin-8 could be an excellent candidate for a prime role in neutrophil-mediated cervical ripening.
- Published
- 1993
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23. Labor and normal delivery: induction of labor.
- Author
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Brennand JE and Calder AA
- Subjects
- Cervix Uteri drug effects, Clinical Trials as Topic, Female, Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture drug therapy, Humans, Labor, Induced standards, Mifepristone adverse effects, Mifepristone pharmacology, Mifepristone therapeutic use, Oxytocin administration & dosage, Oxytocin pharmacology, Oxytocin therapeutic use, Pregnancy, Prostaglandins administration & dosage, Prostaglandins pharmacology, Prostaglandins therapeutic use, Labor, Induced methods
- Abstract
The continuing search for improvements in the methods of labor induction has seen the development of techniques that are more efficient, more reliable, safer, and more acceptable to the patient. Ultimately, these objectives will be best served by striving to mimic the normal physiology of parturition as closely as possible. Attention must be paid to the control of cervical ripening as well as myometrial contractility. Refinements in the use of oxytocin and prostaglandins continue to produce better results and the dawning of the era of progesterone receptor blockers gives hope of further significant advances.
- Published
- 1991
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