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1. Early In-Bed Cycle Ergometry With Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Statistical Analysis Plan for CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength), an International, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial

Author: Diane Heels-Ansdell, Laurel Kelly, Heather K O'Grady, Christopher Farley, Julie C Reid, Sue Berney, Amy M Pastva, Karen EA Burns, Frédérick D'Aragon, Margaret S Herridge, Andrew Seely, Jill Rudkowski, Bram Rochwerg, Alison Fox-Robichaud, Ian Ball, Francois Lamontagne, Erick H Duan, Jennifer Tsang, Patrick M Archambault, Avelino C Verceles, John Muscedere, Sangeeta Mehta, Shane W English, Tim Karachi, Karim Serri, Brenda Reeve, Lehana Thabane, Deborah Cook, and Michelle E Kho
Subjects: Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: BackgroundSurvivors of critical illness are at risk of developing physical dysfunction following intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. ICU-based rehabilitation interventions, such as early in-bed cycle ergometry, may improve patients’ short-term physical function. ObjectiveBefore unblinding and trial database lock, we describe a prespecified statistical analysis plan (SAP) for the CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength) randomized controlled trial (RCT). MethodsCYCLE is a 360-patient, international, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group RCT (1:1 ratio) with blinded primary outcome assessment at 3 days post-ICU discharge. The principal investigator and statisticians of CYCLE prepared this SAP with approval from the steering committee and coinvestigators. The SAP defines the primary and secondary outcomes (including adverse events) and describes the planned primary, secondary, and subgroup analyses. The primary outcome of the CYCLE trial is the Physical Function Intensive Care Unit Test-scored (PFIT-s) at 3 days post-ICU discharge. The PFIT-s is a reliable and valid performance-based measure. We plan to use a frequentist statistical framework for all analyses. We will conduct a linear regression to evaluate the primary outcome, incorporating randomization as an independent variable and adjusting for age (≥65 years versus
Published: 2024
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2. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

Author: Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Christiana Kartsonaki, Elsa D. Ibáñez-Prada, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Joaquin Baruch, Martina Escher, Mark G. Pritchard, Jia Wei, Fred Philippy, Andrew Dagens, Matthew Hall, James Lee, Demetrios James Kutsogiannis, Evert-Jan Wils, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Prasan Kumar Panda, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Peter Horby, Jake Dunning, Jordi Rello, Laura Merson, Amanda Rojek, Michel Vaillant, Piero Olliaro, Luis Felipe Reyes, S.A. Moharam, Sabriya Abdalasalam, Alaa Abdalfattah Abdalhadi, Naana Reyam Abdalla, Walaa Abdalla, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Ashraf Abdalsalam, Saedah Abdeewi, Esraa Hassan Abdelgaum, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Israa Abdelrahman, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Lamees Adil Abdulbaqi, Salaheddin Abdulhamid, Widyan Abdulhamid, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Eman Abdulwahed, Rawad Abdunabi, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Ahmed Mohammed Abodina, Amal Abrous, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Nashat Abu Salah, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Tareg Abdallah Abuzaid, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Safia Adem, Manuella Ademnou, Francisca Adewhajah, Diana Adrião, Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah, Melvin Agbogbatey, Saleh Al Ageel, Aya Mustafa Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, Zainab Ahmed Alaraji, Abdulrahman Ahmed Elhefnawy Enan, Reham Abdelhamid Ahmed Khalil, Ali Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Aisha, Bugila Aisha, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Chika Akwani, Eman Al Qasim, Ahmed Alajeeli, Ahmed Alali, Razi Alalqam, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Mohammed Al-Aquily, Zinah A. Alaraji, Khalid Albakry, Safa Albatni, Angela Alberti, Osama Aldabbourosama, Tala Al-dabbous, Amer Aldhalia, Abdulkarim Aldoukali, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Asil Alflite, Huda Alfoudri, Qamrah Alhadad, Hoda Salem Alhaddad, Maali Khalid Mohamed Abdalla Alhasan, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Hasan Alhouri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed Ali, Syed Ali Abbas, Yomna Ali Abdelghafar, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Mahmoud Aljadi, Sarah Aljamal, Mohammed Alkahlout, Akram Alkaseek, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Lana Almasri, Abdulrahman Almjersah, Raja Ahmed Alqandouz, Walaa Alrfaea, Moayad Alrifaee, Rawan Alsaadi, Yousef Al-Saba'a, Entisar Alshareea, Eslam Alshenawy, Aneela Altaf, João Melo Alves, João Alves, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Amro Essam Amer, Nur Amira, Amos Amoako Adusei, John Amuasi, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Sophia Ankrah, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Sheharyar Ashraf, Abir Ben Ashur, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Grace Assi, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Fouda Atangana, Ahmed Atia, Minahel Atif, Asia Atif Abdelrhman Abdallahrs, Anika Atique, Moad Atlowly, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Abdelmalek Awad Ali Mohammed, Eyvind W. Axelsen, Ared Ayad, Ahmed Ayman Hassan Helmi, Laurène Azemar, Mohammed Azizeldin, Cecile Azoulay, Hakeem Babatunde, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, John Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Hibah Bileid Bakeer, Ashraf Bakri, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Irene Bandoh, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, AbdAlkarim Batool, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Lamis Berdeweel, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Sandra Bichoka, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, Muhannud Binnawara, Zeno Bisoffi, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Mustapha Bittaye, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Ariel Bolanga, Isabela Bolaños, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonifasius, Joe Bonney, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, David Brewster, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Helen Brotherton, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Petra Bryda, Nina Buchtele, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Donald Buri, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Joana Cabrita, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Janice Caoili, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Masaneh Ceesay, Shelby Cerkovnik, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Muge Cevik, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Charlotte Charpentier, Julie Chas, Muhammad Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Léo Chenard, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Yock Ping Chow, Ting Soo Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Jennifer Coles, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Juthaporn Cowan, Rachel Cregan, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Umberto D'Alessandro, Peter Daley, Zaina Dalloul, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Juliana Damas, Joycelyn Dame, Cammandji Damien, Nick Daneman, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhangar, Alpha Diallo, Souleymane Taran Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Bakary K. Dibba, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Cedric Djadda, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M. Dondorp, Christl A. Donnelly, Yoann Donohue, Sean Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, Yash Doshi, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Thomas Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Ibrahim Kwaku Duah, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Ada Ebo, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Khadeja Ehzaz, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Marwan El Sayed, Mohammed Elabid, Mohamed Bashir Elagili, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Mohammad Elbahnasawy, Sohail Elboshra, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Hamida ELMagrahi, Mohammad Muatasm Elmubark, Loubna Elotmani, Lauren Eloundou, Philippine Eloy, Basma Elshaikhy, Tarek Elshazly, Wafa Elsokni, Aml Ahmed Eltayeb, Iqbal Elyazar, Zarief Kamel Emad, Hussein Embarek, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Gervais Eneli, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Haneen Esaadi, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Catarina Espírito Santo, Marina Esposito-Farese, Rachel Essaka, Lorinda Essuman, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Ismaila Fadera, Asgad Osman Abdalla Fadlalla, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Mohamed Fathi, Salem Fatima, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Jorge Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Bernardo Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Thomas Flament, Tom Fletcher, Aline-Marie Florence, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Karen Forrest, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Berline Fotso, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G. Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Abdou Gai, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Adham Mohamed Galal Mohamed Ramadan, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Malak Ghemmeid, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Tristan Gigante, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Brigitta Golács, Jonathan Golob, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Fassou Mathias Grovogui, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Ali Hachemi, Abdurrahman Haddud, Nadir Hadri, Wael Hafez, Fakhir Raza Haidri, Fatima Mhd Rida Hajij, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Shaher Hamdan, Abdelhafeez Hamdi, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L. Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Naomi Hammond, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Matly Hanan, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Sulieman Hasan, Mohammad Ali Nabil Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Amoni Hassan, Ebtisam Hassanin, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ahmed Helmi, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Rodrigo Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Diana Hernandez, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhlin Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Ikram Houas, Mabrouka Houderi, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Mahmood Hussein, Fatima Ibrahim, Bashir Ibran, Samreen Ijaz, M. Arfan Ikram, Carlos Cañada Illana, Patrick Imbert, Muhammad Imran Ansari, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Mariachiara Ippolito, Vera Irawany, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Hamza Jaber, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Abubacarr Jagne, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth Noemí Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Armand Saloun Kamano, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Mohamed Karghul, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Kevin Katz, Christy Kay, Lamees Kayyali, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Shams Khail, Sarah Khaled, Imrana Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E. Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Muhammad Nasir Khoso, Amin Khuwaja, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R. Knight, Robin Kobbe, Paa Kobina Forson, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Franklina Korkor Abebrese, Volkan Korten, Stephanie Kouba, Mohamed Lamine Kourouma, Karifa Kourouma, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Ali Kredan, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Anneli Krund, Pei Xuan Kuan, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Ama Kwakyewaa Bedu-Addo, Sylvie Kwedi, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Nadhem Lafhej, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Youssef Latifeh, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Jennifer Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Sylvie LeGac, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Tanel Lepik, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Miles Lunn, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Olavi Maasikas, Moïse Machado, Sara Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Mustafa Magzoub, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Oumou Maiga Ascofare, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Nimisha Abdul Majeed, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Veronika Maráczi, Ceila Maria Sant′Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Laura Marsh, Brian Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, F. Eduardo Martinez, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martín-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Fatma Masoud, Moise Massoma, Palmer Masumbe, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Christina Mathew, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Juergen May, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Naina McCann, Peter McCanny, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Nastia Medombou, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Ali Memon, João João Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Duha Milad Abdullah, Jennene Miller, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Nouralsabah Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Alaa Mohamed Ads, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed Abdelhalim, Libya Mohammed, Shrouk Fawze Mohammed Mostafa, Manahil Omer Abdelrahman Mohammedahmed, Omer Abdullah Mohammedelhassan, Asma Moin, Walaa Mokhtar, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Marwa Morgom, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Suleiman Haitham Mualla, Mohamed Muftah, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Mo'nes Muhaisen, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb Ali, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Patrick Murray, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Alamin Mustafa, Mus'ab Mustafa, Dana Mustafa, Himasha Muvindi, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Behzad Nadjm, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Blanka Nagybányai-Nagy, Herwin Nanda Boudoin, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Prashant Nasa, Rashid Nasim Khan, Ahmad Nasrallah, Adel Gerges Nassif Metri, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita Nekliudov, Matthew Nelder, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Nerissa Niba, Alistair D. Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Anita North, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Leonard Numfor, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O. Brien, Annmarie O. Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Lawrence Ofori-Boadu, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Sally-Ann Ohene, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Cinderella Omar Rageh Elnaggar, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed Omer, Pierre Ondobo, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Mohamed Osama Elsayed Soliman, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Eman Othman, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Micheal Owusu, Ama Akyampomaa Owusu-Asare, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Sandra L. Peake, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Michele Petrovic, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Richard Odame Philips, Ooyanong Phonemixay, Soulichanya Phoutthavong, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Chiara Piubelli, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Viladeth Praphasiri, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Peter Puplampu, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Fadi Qutishat, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Abdelrahman Ragab, Mutia Rahardjani, Arslan Rahat Ullah, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Ana L. Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, Charles Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Anna Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jr., Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Abdurraouf Said, Nadia Saidani, Pranya Sakiyalak, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Moamen Salah, Ali Alaa Salah Eldin Mohamed Abbas, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Mohammed Saleh Alyasiri, Talat Ahmed Abu Salem, Gabriele Sales, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Dana Samardali, Shaden Samardali, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly Orabi, Emely Sanchez, Olivier Sanchez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Săndulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, János Schnur, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Hamza Shahla, Laila Shalabi, Haitam Shames, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, John Robert Sheenan, Dr. Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Rohan Shetty, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Jeanne Sibiude, Bountoy Sibounheuang, Nidhal Siddig, Atif Siddiqui, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Fatoumata Sillah, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Mahendra Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Arne Søraas, Albert Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Geoff Strong, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Richa Su, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Atie Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Augustina Sylverken, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Sara Taleb, Cheikh Talla, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Yousef Tarek Kamal Mostafa, Ali Tarhabat, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Elmi Theron, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Niamh Thompson, Shaun Thompson, Emma C. Thomson, David Thomson, Mathew Thorpe, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S. Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Fiona Toal, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Aboubacar Tounkara, Michael Towers, Fodé Amara Traoré, Tony Trapani, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Alexis F. Turgeon, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Effua Usuf, Timothy M. Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Laura Walsh, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Hassi Wesam, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Sue Willems, Bailey Williams, Patricia J. Williams, Virginie Williams, Jessica Wittman, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Lim Saio Xian, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Elizabeth Yarad, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Abdelrahman Yehia Mahmoud Abdelaal, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Touxiong Yiaye, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Gustavo E. Zabert, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, and David Zucman
Subjects: COVID-19, Non-respiratory symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Risk factors, Mortality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.
Published: 2024
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3. Research interrupted: applying the CONSERVE 2021 Statement to a randomized trial of rehabilitation during critical illness affected by the COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Julie C. Reid, Alex Molloy, Geoff Strong, Laurel Kelly, Heather O’Grady, Deborah Cook, Patrick M. Archambault, Ian Ball, Sue Berney, Karen E. A. Burns, Frederick D’Aragon, Erick Duan, Shane W. English, François Lamontagne, Amy M. Pastva, Bram Rochwerg, Andrew J. E. Seely, Karim Serri, Jennifer L. Y. Tsang, Avelino C. Verceles, Brenda Reeve, Alison Fox-Robichaud, John Muscedere, Margaret Herridge, Lehana Thabane, Michelle E. Kho, and on behalf of the CYCLE Investigators
Subjects: Research report, Research design, Research personnel, Randomized controlled trials, Critical illness, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Rationale The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted non-COVID critical care trials globally as intensive care units (ICUs) prioritized patient care and COVID-specific research. The international randomized controlled trial CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength) was forced to halt recruitment at all sites in March 2020, creating immediate challenges. We applied the CONSERVE (CONSORT and SPIRIT Extension for RCTs Revised in Extenuating Circumstance) statement as a framework to report the impact of the pandemic on CYCLE and describe our mitigation approaches. Methods On March 23, 2020, the CYCLE Methods Centre distributed a standardized email to determine the number of patients still in-hospital and those requiring imminent 90-day endpoint assessments. We assessed protocol fidelity by documenting attempts to provide the in-hospital randomized intervention (cycling or routine physiotherapy) and collect the primary outcome (physical function 3-days post-ICU discharge) and 90-day outcomes. We advised sites to prioritize data for the study’s primary outcome. We sought feedback on pandemic barriers related to trial procedures. Results Our main Methods Centre mitigation strategies included identifying patients at risk for protocol deviations, communicating early and frequently with sites, developing standardized internal tools focused on high-risk points in the protocol for monitoring patient progress, data entry, and validation, and providing guidance to conduct some research activities remotely. For study sites, our strategies included determining how institutional pandemic research policies applied to CYCLE, communicating with the Methods Centre about capacity to continue any part of the research, and developing contingency plans to ensure the protocol was delivered as intended. From 15 active sites (12 Canada, 2 US, 1 Australia), 5 patients were still receiving the study intervention in ICUs, 6 required primary outcomes, and 17 required 90-day assessments. With these mitigation strategies, we attempted 100% of ICU interventions, 83% of primary outcomes, and 100% of 90-day assessments per our protocol. Conclusions We retained all enrolled patients with minimal missing data using several time-sensitive strategies. Although CONSERVE recommends reporting only major modifications incurred by extenuating circumstances, we suggest that it also provides a helpful framework for reporting mitigation strategies with the goal of improving research transparency and trial management. Trial registration NCT03471247. Registered on March 20, 2018.
Published: 2022
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4. Multistudy Research Operations in the ICU: An Interprofessional Pandemic-Informed Approach

Author: Deborah J. Cook, MD, FRCPC, Erick H. Duan, MD, FRCPC, France J. Clarke, RRT, Karlo Matic, MD, Sarah Culgin, MSc, Laurel Kelly, MSc, Katlynne S. Nelson, MSc, Christine V. Wallace, BScPhm, Mark D. Soth, MD, FRCPC, Kimberley A. Lewis, MD, FRCPC, Jill C. Rudkowski, MD, FRCPC, Dan Perri, MD, FRCPC, Tania L. Ligori, MD, FRCPC, Roman Z. Jaeschke, MD, FRCPC, Zain Chagla, MD, FRCPC, Dipayan Chaudhuri, MD, FRCPC, Angela E. Wright, PharmD, Zoe Y. Fu, PharmD, Brenda K. Reeve, MD, FRCPC, Hilary M. Lee, MD, FRCPC, Jeffrey D. Overington, MD, FRCPC, Anna Rozenberg, MD, FRCPC, Kimberly A. Bloomfield, RN, Katryn Love, RN, Jennifer L. Gain, RRT, Nicole L. Zytaruk, RN, Jason H. Cheung, MD, FRCPC, Lehana Thabane, PhD, Michelle E. Kho, PhD, for the Department of Critical Care Research Operations Committee, Waleed Alhazzani, Matthew Bell, Kimberley Bloomfield, Zain Chagla, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Jason Cheung, France Clarke, Deborah Cook, Mary Copland, Sarah Culgin, Erick Duan, Zoe Fu, Jennifer Gain, Abby Hurd, Roman Jaeschke, Hilary Lee, Katryn Love, Laurel Kelly, Michelle Kho, Kate Kim, Kimberley Lewis, Tania Ligori, Karlo Matic, Katlynne Nelson, Heather O‘Grady, Jeffrey Overington, Dan Perri, Brenda Reeve, Anna Rozenberg, Jill Rudkowski, Lois Saunders, Joanna Semrau, Mark Soth, Christine Wallace, Lily Waugh, Angela Wright, and Nicole Zytaruk
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:. Proliferation of COVID-19 research underscored the need for improved awareness among investigators, research staff and bedside clinicians of the operational details of clinical studies. The objective was to describe the genesis, goals, participation, procedures, and outcomes of two research operations committees in an academic ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN:. Two-phase, single-center multistudy cohort. SETTING:. University-affiliated ICU in Hamilton, ON, Canada. PATIENTS:. Adult patients in the ICU, medical stepdown unit, or COVID-19 ward. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. An interprofessional COVID Collaborative was convened at the pandemic onset within our department, to proactively coordinate studies, help navigate multiple authentic consent encounters by different research staff, and determine which studies would be suitable for coenrollment. From March 2020 to May 2021, five non-COVID trials continued, two were paused then restarted, and five were launched. Over 15 months, 161 patients were involved in 215 trial enrollments, 110 (51.1%) of which were into a COVID treatment trial. The overall informed consent rate (proportion agreed of those eligible and approached including a priori and deferred consent models) was 83% (215/259). The informed consent rate was lower for COVID-19 trials (110/142, 77.5%) than other trials (105/117, 89.7%; p = 0.01). Patients with COVID-19 were significantly more likely to be coenrolled in two or more studies (29/77, 37.7%) compared with other patients (13/84, 15.5%; p = 0.002). Review items for each new study were collated, refined, and evolved into a modifiable checklist template to set up each study for success. The COVID Collaborative expanded to a more formal Department of Critical Care Research Operations Committee in June 2021, supporting sustainable research operations during and beyond the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS:. Structured coordination and increased communication about research operations among diverse research stakeholders cultivated a sense of shared purpose and enhanced the integrity of clinical research operations.
Published: 2022
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5. Academic and Community ICUs Participating in a Critical Care Randomized Trial: A Comparison of Patient Characteristics and Trial Metrics

Author: Jennifer L. Y. Tsang, MD, PhD, Alexandra Binnie, MD, DPhil, Erick H. Duan, MD, MSc, Jennie Johnstone, MD, PhD, Diane Heels-Ansdell, MSc, Brenda Reeve, MD, Sebastien Trop, MD, PhD, Paul Hosek, MD, Joanna C. Dionne, MD, PhD, Patrick Archambault, MD, MSc, Paul Lysecki, MD, Robert Cirone, MD, Nicole L. Zytaruk, RN, William Dechert, MSc, Mercedes Peñuela Camargo, MSc, Rebecca Jesso, MN, NP, Elliot McMillan, RN, PhD, Zaynab Panchbhaya, MSN, Tracy Campbell, MSc, Lois Saunders, Mary Copland, BA, Kanthi Kavikondala, BSc, Deborah J. Cook, MD, MSc, and for the Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (PROSPECT) Investigators and the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:. Clinical research in Canada is conducted primarily in “academic” hospitals, whereas most clinical care is provided in “community” hospitals. The objective of this nested observational study was to compare patient characteristics, outcomes, process-of-care variables, and trial metrics for patients enrolled in a large randomized controlled trial who were admitted to academic and community hospitals in Canada. DESIGN:. We conducted a preplanned observational study nested within the Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (PROSPECT, a randomized controlled trial comparing probiotics to placebo in mechanically ventilated patients) Research Program. SETTING:. ICUs. PATIENTS:. Mechanically ventilated patients. MEASUREMENTS:. We compared patient characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and trial metrics between patients enrolled in PROSPECT from academic and community hospitals. MAIN RESULTS:. Participating centers included 34 (82.9%) academic and seven (17.1%) community hospitals, which enrolled 2,203 (86.2%) and 352 (13.8%) patients, respectively. Compared with academic hospitals, patients enrolled in community hospitals were older (mean [sd] 62.7 yr [14.9 yr] vs 59.5 yr [16.4 yr]; p = 0.044), had longer ICU stays (median [interquartile range {IQR}], 13 d [8–23 d] vs 11 d [7–8 d]; p = 0.012) and higher mortality (percentage, [95% CI] in the ICU, 30.4% [25.8–35.4%]vs 20.5% [18.9–11.3%]; p = 0.002) and hospital (40.6% [35.6–45.8%] vs 26.1% [24.3–27.9%]; p < 0.001). Trial metrics, including informed consent rate (85.9% vs 76.3%; p = 0.149), mean (sd) monthly enrolment rate (2.1 [1.4] vs 1.1 [0.7]; p = 0.119), and protocol adherence (90.6% vs 91.6%; p = 0.207), were similar between community and academic ICUs. CONCLUSIONS:. Community hospitals can conduct high-quality research, with similar trial metrics to academic hospitals. Patient characteristics differed between community and academic hospitals, highlighting the need for broader engagement of community hospitals in clinical research to ensure generalizability of study results.
Published: 2022
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6. Paediatric COVID-19 mortality: a database analysis of the impact of health resource disparity

Author: Nick Daneman, John Marshall, Vinod Kumar, Aasiyah Rashan, Jérôme Dimet, Sylvain Diamantis, John F Fraser, Dominique Deplanque, Anne Conrad, François Lellouche, Heidi Gruner, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Agnes Meybeck, Maxime Hentzien, Clotilde Allavena, André Cabié, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Patrick Rossignol, Arjen M Dondorp, Rashan Haniffa, Harald Vonkeman, Lionel Piroth, Mathieu Blot, Yaseen Arabi, Marie-Pierre Debray, François Angoulvant, Marc Leone, Maria Zambon, Florentia Kaguelidou, Marc Lambert, Olivier Lairez, Tom Solomon, Carrol Gamble, Laura Marsh, David Richardson, Christiana Kartsonaki, Philippe Jouvet, Asgar Rishu, Eman Al Qasim, Rachael Parke, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Calum Semple, Colin McArthur, Gail Carson, Jake Dunning, Laura Merson, Peter Horby, David Maslove, Nadia Malik, Stephen R Knight, Annelies Verbon, Oana Sândulescu, Patrick Archambault, Paul McNally, Marlene Murris, Aurore Bousquet, Kenneth A McLean, Hugues Cordel, Marc Fabre, Laurence Bouillet, Melissa Parker, Xavier Duval, Amanda Corley, James Lee, Kusum Menon, Christian Rabaud, Paul Klenerman, Jean-François Timsit, Jennifer Lee, Nicolas Terzi, Saad Nseir, Gwenhaël Colin, Steve Webb, Kalynn Kennon, Caroline Mudara, Diana Hernández, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Elias Iosifidis, Emmanuel Roilides, Yi Lin Lee, Pieter Depuydt, Jean-François Payen, Ana Martins, Samreen Ijaz, Meera Chand, Wei Shen Lim, Bruno Levy, Eric D'ortenzio, Jean-Charles Preiser, Pierre Delobel, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Jaques Sztajnbok, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Tiphaine Goulenok, Bronner P Gonçalves, Arnaud Scherpereel, Chloe Donohue, Carlo Giaquinto, Karolina Nowicka, Adrien Auvet, Debby Bogaert, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Merce Jourdain, Anne McCarthy, Todd C Lee, António Mesquita, Sue Smith, Jia Wei, Jenny Lennon, Antoine Khalil, Nathalie Pansu, Victor Fomin, Audrey Barrelet, Christophe Fraser, Daniel Munblit, Robert A Fowler, William Greenhalf, François-Xavier Lescure, Nicolas Carlier, Saye Khoo, Riinu Pius, Lisa Norman, Louise Sigfrid, Sophie Halpin, Clare Jackson, Antonia Ho, Andrew Dagens, Thomas Flament, Julie Mankikian, Romain Basmaci, Peter Openshaw, Mary Copland, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, Patricia Lizotte, Felwa Bin Humaid, Tom Fletcher, Adrien Lemaignen, Pierre Tattevin, Christelle Delmas, Hélène Espérou, Claire Lévy-Marchal, Olivier Picone, Jeanne Sibiude, Cecile Yelnik, Olivia V Swann, Michelle Girvan, Piero L Olliaro, Beatrice Alex, Benjamin Bach, Alexander J Mentzer, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Shona C Moore, Massimo Palmarini, Georgios Pollakis, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Shiranee Sriskandan, David Stuart, Charlotte Summers, Ryan S Thwaites, Hayley Hardwick, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Fiona Griffiths, Jo Dalton, Egle Saviciute, Stephanie Roberts, Janet Harrison, Marie Connor, Gary Leeming, Ross Hendry, Victoria Shaw, Jade Ghosn, Lucille Blumberg, Nicolas Benech, James Scott-Brown, Odile Launay, Todd Karsies, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Minh Le, Elise Artaud-Macari, Mylène Maillet, Huda Alfoudri, Djura Piersma, Didier Laureillard, Graham S. Cooke, Nicholas Sedillot, Anne-Sophie Boureau, Tony Trapani, Laurent Abel, Samuel Hinton, Sally Shrapnel, Heidi Dalton, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Valérie Garrait, Isabelle Delacroix, Samantha Lissauer, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Oleksa Rewa, Erlina Burhan, Sara Machado, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Raphaël Borie, Kévin Bouiller, Vincent Langlois, Mélanie Roriz, Mical Paul, Vincent Dubée, Erwan L'her, Michael Rose, Luis Felipe Reyes, Anna Beltrame, Stéphanie Fry, Andrew Udy, Laurent Plantier, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Denis Malvy, Nina Jamieson, Irfan Khan, François Dubos, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Paola Rodari, Paul Campbell, Abigail Beane, Cécile Tromeur, Paul Loubet, Marina Esposito-Farèse, France Mentré, Valérie Gaborieau, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Cécile Goujard, Vincent Thibault, Rodrigo Díaz, Patricia Gordon, Sadie Kelly, Bertrand Dussol, Simon Forsyth, Marion Schneider, Nathalie Gault, Marielle Buisson, Yves Levy, Prasan Kumar Panda, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Carine Roy, Walter Picard, Tom Drake, Paul Tierney, Olivier Sanchez, Antoine Kimmoun, David Thomson, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Julien Poissy, Lila Bouadma, Bruno Lina, Maude Bouscambert, Alexandre Gaymard, Gilles Peytavin, Jeremie Guedj, Claire Andrejak, Cedric Laouenan, Anissa Chair, Samira Laribi, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Soizic Le Mestre, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Alpha Diallo, NoéMie Mercier, Sarah Tubiana, Marion Noret, Oriane Puechal, Caroline Semaille, Patrick Imbert, Jonathan Remppis, Emmanuelle Mercier, Rui Pereira, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Waasila Jassat, Arsene Kpangon, Dominique Luton, Sophie Mahy, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, Sarah Moore, Adrienne Chan, Raphael Favory, Daniel Mathieu, Andrea Angheben, Andrea Rossanese, Matthew Hall, Johann Auchabie, Mohammed Quraishi, Katharina Weil, Hanna Renk, Hans Martin Bosse, Christophe Rapp, Vincent Peigne, Tae Song, Dewi Guellec, Mark G. Pritchard, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Christl A Donnelly, François Goehringer, Elodie Curlier, Catherine Chirouze, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Ary Serpa Neto, Jose Andres Calvache, Laurent Bitker, Hodane Yonis, Neerusha Kaisbain, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Laurent Mandelbrot, Jérémie Pasquier, Juliette Patrier, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Jia Shyi Loy, Filipe Cardoso, Diptesh Aryal, Polina Bugaeva, Evert-Jan Wils, Stephanie Yerkovich, Julie Chas, Thushan de Silva, Ruth Lyons, Murray Wham, Sara Clohisey, Seán Keating, Thibault Chiarabini, Agnes Sommet, Hugues Aumaître, Sylvie LeGac, Sarah E McDonald, Jeanne Truong, Camille Couffignal, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Timo Brandenburger, Diane Descamps, Tala Al-Dabbous, Mark Joseph, Hwa Jin Cho, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Muhammad Rayhan, Christel Arnold-Day, Navy Lolong, Ernita Akmal, Menaldi Rasmin, Daniel Marino, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Stéphane Lasry, Amanda Rojek, Sebastien Preau, Jean-Marie Turmel, Nowneet Kumar Bhat, Cynthia Braga, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Benoit Thill, Karine Faure, Denis Garot, Grégory Corvaisier, Elsa Nyamankolly, Joshua Solomon, Emma Clarke, Patricia Fontela, Eva Geraud, Eva Miranda Marwali, Aria Kekalih, Saptadi Yuliarto, Dyah Kanya Wati, Ivy Cerelia Valerie, Maureen Masha, Jolanta Popielska, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Heidi Jean Dalton, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Diana Adrião, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Kévin Alexandre, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Nathalie Allou, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Carlos Alexandre Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Carolline Araujo, Muhammad Ashraf, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, AM Udara Attanyake, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, J. Kenneth Baillie, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Renata Barbalho, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Muhammad Fadhli Basri, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Rincon, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Marine Beluze, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Delphine Bergeaud, José Luis Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Krishna Bhavsar, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Mohd Nazlin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Jonathan Bitton, Laetitia Bodenes, Isabela Bolaños, François Bompart, Diogo Borges, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Camile Bouisse, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Kathy Brickell, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Valentine Campana, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Thierry Carmoi, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, José Casimiro, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Catherine Chakveatze, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Anjellica Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Pamela Combs, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Emma Costigan, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Sabine Croonen, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Bermúdez, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Paula Custodio, Ana Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Juliana Damas, Corinne Daniel, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Jorge Dantas, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas França, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, Alexa Debard, Nathalie DeCastro, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, André Dias, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Maria Donnelly, Céline Dorival, James Joshua Douglas, Nathalie Dournon, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Alexandre Ducancelle, Paul Dunand, Sim Choon Ean, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Brigitte Elharrar, Philippine Eloy, Isabelle Enderle, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Martina Escher, Catarina Espírito Santo, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Andreia Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Bernardo Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Clara Flateau, Tatiana Fonseca, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marcela Vieira Freire, Rostane Gaci, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Yasmin Gani, Noelia García Barrio, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Guillermo Giordano, Valérie Gissot, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Geraldine Goco, Siri Goepel, Jin Yi Goh, Marie Gominet, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Pascal Granier, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, Segolène Greffe, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Yusing Gu, Martin Guego, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Ansley Hamer, Rebecca Hamidfar, Lim Yuen Han, Kok Wei Hao, Ewen M. Harrison, Lars Heggelund, Astarini Hidayah, Rupert Higgins, Hikombo Hitoto, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Ikram Houas, Catherine L. Hough, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Arfan Ikram, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Hugo Inácio, Yun Sii Ing, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Pierre Jaquet, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Ong Yiaw Joe, Cédric Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Muhammad Aisar Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kong Yeow Kang, Pratap Karpayah, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Yvelynne Kelly, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Coralie Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Ryan Khoo, Denisa Khoo, Khor How Kiat, Peter Kiiza, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Vinothini Krishnan, Ganesh Kumar, Bharath Kumar Vijayaraghavan, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Antonio Lalueza, Marie Langelot-Richard, Marina Lanza, Delphine Lariviere, Andy Law, Teresa Lawrence, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Heng Gee Lee, Biing Horng Lee, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Ha Sha Lene, Quentin Lepiller, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Lim Lina, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Marine Livrozet, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Anthony L. Loschner, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Liem Luong, Oryane Mabiala, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Thomas Maitre, Fernando Maltez, Victoria Manda, Jose M. Mandei, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Sant'Ana Malaque, Samuel Markowicz, Celina Turchi Martelli, Martin Martinot, Caroline Martins Rego, Marsilla Marzukie, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Thierry Mazzoni, Cécile Mear-Passard, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Nor Arisah Misnan, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Nik Nur Mohamed, Asma Moin, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Hugo Mouquet Ben Morton, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Karl Erik Müller, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Nadège Neant, Nikita Nekliudov, Raul Neto, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Nurul Amani Noordin, Nurul Faten Norharizam, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Katie O'Hearn, Agnieszka Oldakowska, Piero L. Olliaro, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Linda O'Shea, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Justine Pages Maïder Pagadoy, Lai Hui Pang, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Bruno Pastene, Christelle Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Florent Peelman, Ithan D. Peltan, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Vincent Pestre, Michele Petrovic, Scott Pharand, Carola Pierobon, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Hon Shen Png, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Diane Ponscarme, Douwe F. Postma, Diana Póvoas, Gamage Dona Priyadarshani, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Marie Rafiq, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Rahman, Giri Shan Rajahram, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Thalha Rashan, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Attaur Rehman, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Ridzuan, Ana L Rios, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Pierre-Marie Roger, Juliette Romaru, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Bénédicte Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Benoît Roze, Clark D. Russell, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Benjamine Sarton, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Janet T. Scott, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Tânia Sequeira, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohammad Shamsah, Shaikh Sharjeel, Catherine A. Shaw, Ashraf Sheharyar, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Benedict Sim Heng, Karisha Sivam, Morgane Snacken, Tze Vee Soh, Rima Song, Azlan Mat Soom, Albert Sotto, B. P Edouard Soum, Sanka Sri Darshana, Sarah Stabler, Ymkje Stienstra, Jacky Y. Suen, Deepashankari Suppiah, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Coralie Tardivon, M Azhari Taufik, Richard S. Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sze Kye Teoh, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Alif Adlan Thabit, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Jananee Thirumanickam, Emma C. Thomson, Surain Raaj Thurai, Peter S Timashev, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Toh, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Margarida Torres, Théo Treoux, Tiffany Trouillon, Christelle Tual, Lance C.W. Turtle, PG Ishara Udayanga, Timothy M. Uyeki, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Marcel van den Berge, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Peter Van der Voort, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, James Vickers, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Benoit Visseaux, Fanny Vuotto, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Siti Rohani Yakop, Nicholas Yee Hing, Chian Hui Yeoh, Obada Yousif, Marion Zabbe, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Zaidan, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, and David Zucman
Subjects: Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract: Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric populations varied between high-income countries (HICs) versus low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to investigate differences in paediatric clinical outcomes and identify factors contributing to disparity between countries.Methods The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 database was queried to include children under 19 years of age admitted to hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Univariate and multivariable analysis of contributing factors for mortality were assessed by country group (HICs vs LMICs) as defined by the World Bank criteria.Results A total of 12 860 children (3819 from 21 HICs and 9041 from 15 LMICs) participated in this study. Of these, 8961 were laboratory-confirmed and 3899 suspected COVID-19 cases. About 52% of LMICs children were black, and more than 40% were infants and adolescent. Overall in-hospital mortality rate (95% CI) was 3.3% [=(3.0% to 3.6%), higher in LMICs than HICs (4.0% (3.6% to 4.4%) and 1.7% (1.3% to 2.1%), respectively). There were significant differences between country income groups in intervention profile, with higher use of antibiotics, antivirals, corticosteroids, prone positioning, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation in HICs. Out of the 439 mechanically ventilated children, mortality occurred in 106 (24.1%) subjects, which was higher in LMICs than HICs (89 (43.6%) vs 17 (7.2%) respectively). Pre-existing infectious comorbidities (tuberculosis and HIV) and some complications (bacterial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and myocarditis) were significantly higher in LMICs compared with HICs. On multivariable analysis, LMIC as country income group was associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted HR 4.73 (3.16 to 7.10)).Conclusion Mortality and morbidities were higher in LMICs than HICs, and it may be attributable to differences in patient demographics, complications and access to supportive and treatment modalities.
Published: 2022
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7. Expanding the 3 Wishes Project for compassionate end-of-life care: a qualitative evaluation of local adaptations

Author: Meredith Vanstone, Thanh H. Neville, Marilyn E. Swinton, Marina Sadik, France J. Clarke, Allana LeBlanc, Benjamin Tam, Alyson Takaoka, Neala Hoad, Jennifer Hancock, Sarah McMullen, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, Orla M. Smith, Gyan Sandhu, Julie Lockington, and Deborah J. Cook
Subjects: Intensive care unit, End of life care, Empathy, Program evaluation, Qualitative research, Special situations and conditions, RC952-1245
Abstract: Abstract Background The 3 Wishes Project (3WP) is an end-of-life program that honors the dignity of dying patients by fostering meaningful connections among patients, families, and clinicians. Since 2013, it has become embedded in the culture of end-of-life care in over 20 ICUs across North America. The purpose of the current study is to describe the variation in implementation of 3WP across sites, in order to ascertain which factors facilitated multicenter implementation, which factors remain consistent across sites, and which may be adapted to suit local needs. Methods Using the methodology of qualitative description, we collected interview and focus group data from 85 clinicians who participated in the successful initiation and sustainment of 3WP in 9 ICUs. We describe the transition between different models of 3WP implementation, from core clinical program to the incorporation of various research activities. We describe various sources of financial and in-kind resources accessed to support the program. Results Beyond sharing a common goal of improving end-of-life care, sites varied considerably in organizational context, staff complement, and resources. Despite these differences, the program was successfully implemented at each site and eventually evolved from a clinical or research intervention to a general approach to end-of-life care. Key to this success was flexibility and the empowerment of frontline staff to tailor the program to address identified needs with available resources. This adaptability was fueled by cross-pollination of ideas within and outside of each site, resulting in the establishment of a network of like-minded individuals with a shared purpose. Conclusions The successful initiation and sustainment of 3WP relied on local adaptations to suit organizational needs and resources. The semi-structured nature of the program facilitated these adaptations, encouraged creative and important ways of relating within local clinical cultures, and reinforced the main tenet of the program: meaningful human connection at the end of life. Local adaptations also encouraged a team approach to care, supplementing the typical patient-clinician dyad by explicitly empowering the healthcare team to collectively recognize and respond to the needs of dying patients, families, and each other. Trial registration NCT04147169 , retrospectively registered with clinicaltrials.gov on October 31, 2019.
Published: 2020
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8. Economic evaluation alongside the Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (E-PROSPECT): study protocol

Author: Katie Ross, Dimitra Fleming, John Marshall, Najib Ayas, François Lellouche, Justin Lys, Ryan Zarychanski, Timothy Karachi, Deborah J Cook, Marie-Claude Tremblay, Jeremy Grushka, Dan Deckelbaum, Kosar Khwaja, Tarek Razek, Donald Griesdale, John Muscedere, David Maslove, Roupen Hatzakorzian, Patrick Archambault, Feng Xie, François Lauzier, Heather Smith, David Williamson, Emmanuel Charbonney, John Granton, Alyson Takaoka, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng, Miranda Hunt, Ian Ball, Victoria McCredie, Michaël Chasse, Jennifer LY Tsang, Jordi Mancebo, Peter Dodek, Emilie Belley-Cote, Neala Hoad, Melissa Shears, Mark Soth, Tracy Campbell, Geeta Mehta, Daniel Chen, Shane English, Maureen Meade, John Kim, Jie Meng, Richard Johnston, Jennie Johnstone, Norman Dewhurst, Panagiota Giannakouros, Laura García, John Ma, Dev Jayaraman, Pierre Cardinal, Vincent Issac Lau, John C Marshall, John Basmaji, Deborah Cook, Erick Duan, France Clarke, Mary Copland, Marnie Jakab, Nicole Zytaruk, Christa Connolly, Denise Davis, Catherine Eaton, Tracy Gallinas, Jean Lee-Yoo, Connie Lukinuk, Leia Musielak, Nancy Pavunkovic, Joy Pelayo, Kaitlyn Phillips, Catherine Pracsovics, Julia Raimondo, Vida Stankus, Christine Wallace, Angela Wright, Crystal Young, Katrina Fimiani, Lori Hand, Harjot Jagdey, Lisa Klotz, Alexana Sabev, Nevena Savija, Deanne Cosentino, Diane Lourenco, Julie Misina, Gita Sobhi, Mashari Alghuroba, Alia Khaled, Lauren Locco, Tina Millen, Ryan Vaisler, Maya Biljan, Brittany Marriott, Jan Frieich, Jennifer Hodder, Imrana Khalid, Julie Lee, Yoon Lee, Pragma Roy, Kurtis Salway, Gyan Sandhu, Marlene Santos, Orla Smith, Melissa Wang, Ann Dowbenka, Ann Kosinski, Terri Norrie, Ranjit Parhar, Laura Parsons, Johanna Proceviat, Gitana Ramonas, Mae Yuen, Maria Agda, Victoria Alcuaz, Betty Jean Ashley, Kelsey Brewer, Janice Palmer, Glen Brown, Mara Pavan, Stephen Lapinsky, Laveena Munshi, Maedean Brown, Brittany Giacomino, Alan Kraguljac, Sumesh Shah, Erik Tamberg, Laura Vergeer, Doret Cheng, Gagan Grewal, Anew Han, Holly Leung, Ioanna Mantas, Hilary Roigues, Anew Wyllie, Alexis Turgeon, Danny Barriault, David Bellemare, Anick Boivin, Sarah-Judith Breton, Eve Cloutier, Marjorie Daigle, Charles Delisle-Thibeault, Stéphanie Grenier, Gabrielle Guilbault, Caroline Léger, Catherine Ouellet, Élisabeth Gagne, Julie Gaueau, Claire Grégoire, Véronique Labbé, Ariane Laprise-Rochette, Caroline Ouellet, Mélanie Samson, Marie-David Simoneau, Virginie Turcotte, Tuong-Vi Tran, Lauralyn McIntyre, Joe Pagilarello, Gianni D’Egidio, Mike Hartwick, Jonathon Hooper, Gwynne Jones, Dal Kubelik, Hilary Meggison, Sherissa Microys, Dave Neiliovitz, Guiseppe Pagliarello, Rakesh Patel, Jo Po, Peter Reardon, Erin Rosenberg, Aimee Sarti, Anew Seely, Shelley Acres, Brigette Gomes, Heather Langlois, Liane Leclair, Sydney Miezitis, Kaitlyn Montroy, Rebecca Porteous, Shawna Reddie, Amanda Van Beinum, Allyshia Van Tol, Irene Watpool, Wendy Aikens, Marianne Cox, Anne-Marie Dugal, Susan Fetzer, Kathy Fraser, Jennifer Kuhn, Rob MacLeod, Susanne Richard, Dawn Rose, Sherry Weir, Bill Henderson, Mypinder Sekhon, Denise Foster, Suzie Logie, Judy Yip, Margaret Herridge, s Alberto Goffi, Eyal Golan, Elizabeth Wilcox, Jaimie Archer, Paulina Farias, Brooke Fraser, Cheryl Geen-Smith, Barbara Kosky, Anea Matte, Christina Pugliese, Priscila Robles, Lia Stenyk, Cristian Urrea, Karolina Walczak, Kyung Ae, Jane Ascroft, Fatima Haji, Rajvinder Kaur, Jane Lui, Sophia Mateo, Nga Pham, Tam Pham, Matthew Suen, Jennifer Teng, Gordon Wood, Daniel Ovakim, Fiona Auld, Gayle Camey, Ralph Fleming, Jennifer Good, Mandeep Manhas, Karin Boyd, Jane Dheere, Priscilia Robles, Muhammad Walid, Jill Westlund, Yoan Lamarche, Soazig Leguillan, Karim Serri, Colin Verdant, Yanick Beaulieu, Patrick Bellemare, Philippe Bernard, Marc Giasson, Véronique Brunette, Alexanos Cavayas, Émilie Lévesque, Halina Labikova, Julia Lainer Palacios, Marie-Ève Langlois, Virginie Williams, Thuy Anh Nguyen, Valérie Phaneuf, Frédérick D’Aragon, Charles St-Arnaud, Hector Quiroz, Virginie Bolduc, Elaine Carbonneau, Joannie Marchand, Marie-Hélène Masse, Sylvie Cloutier, Marianne Guay, Line Morin, Jessie Nicolson, Isabelle Paquette, Patricia Roy, France Théberge, Arnold S Kristof, Peter Goldberg, Sheldon Magder, Jason Shahin, Salman Qureshi, Josie Campisi, Vasilica Botan, Anissa Capilnean, Alyssa Corey, Annick Gagné, Jasmine Mian, Kathleen Normandin, Ash Gursahaney, David Hornstein, Robert Salasidis, Patrizia Zanelli, Norine Alam, Tonia Doerksen, Ariane Lessard, Gilbert Matte, Marie-France Robert, Martin Girard, Pierre Aslanian, Sylvain Belisle, François-Martin Carrier, Ané Denault, Jean-Gilles Guimond, Antoine Halwagi, Paul Hébert, Christopher Kolan, Nicholas Robillard, Fatna Benettaib, Dounia Boumahni, Casey Bourdeau Caporuscio, Marie-Ève Cantin, Virginy Côté-Gravel, Ali Ghamraoui, Martine Lebrasseur, Lancelot Legene Courville, Stéphanie Lorio, Maria Trinidad Maid, Nicole Poitras, Romain Rigal, Maya Salame, Valérie Tran, Katie Bacon, Nathalie Boueau, Cecilia Carvajal, Lyne Gauthier, Julie Genon, Karine Jean, Louise Laforest, Antonietta Lembo, Sothun Lim, Jennifer Morrissette, France Pagé, Lucie Pelletier, Marie-Christine Roigue, Jim Kutsiogiannis, Raiyan Chowdhury, Jon Davidow, Curt Johnston, Kim Macala, Sam Marcushamer, Darren Markland, Doug Matheson, Damian Paton-Gay, David Zygun, Nadine Grant, Tayne Hewer, Pat Thompson, Maggie Ge, Janny Hall, Sharon Matenchuk, Osama Loubani, Rick Hall, Robert Green, Diana Gillis, Lisa Julien, Laura Lee Magennis, Tamara Mitterer, Joanna Arsenault, Kim Bruce-Payne, Patti Gallant, Gord Boyd, Christine D’Arsigny, John Over, Jason Erb, Chris Parker, Stephanie Sibley, Tracy Boyd, Ilinca Georgescu, Danielle Muscedere, Cathy Baker, Jennifer Engel, Jennifer Fleming, Lisa Roderick, Shelley Silk, Marcy Spencer, Michelle Tryon, Marcus Blouw, Kendiss Olafson, Bojan Paunovic, Oliver Gutieror, Nicole Marten, Sherri Lynn Wingfield, Marnie Boyle, Halyna Ferens, Debbie Hrabi, Beata Kozak, Chantal MacDonald, Julie Muise, Eileen Campbell, Susie Imerovski, Athena Ovsenek, Rebecca Rondinelli, Teresa Longfield, Amy Moyer, Faith Norris, Janice Sumpton, Karina Teterycz, Brenda Reeve, Karen Bento, Megan Davis, Will Dechert, Krista Gallo, Barbara Longo, Courtney Mullen, Elysia Skrzypek, Laurenne Wierenga, Wesam Abuzaiter, Lynda Amorim, Rosemarie Bauer, Rachel Damota, Thoa Ho, Nicole Macdougall, Mary Thornewell, Lara Pe, Jennifer Visocchi, Auey Bhairo, Halyna Ferenes, Debra Kubin, Dawn-Lee McLaughlin, Maria Valente, Steve Reynolds, Suzette Willems, Tina Sekhon, Sebastien Trop, Alexana Binnie, Ronald Heslegrave, Kim Sharman, Zaynab Panchbhaya, Rakhi Goel, Kim Kozluk, Julianne Labelle, Hina Marsonia, Cecillia Scott, Dave Nagpal, Tracey Bentall, Jessica Sturt-Smith, Michelle Alexander, Tammy Ellis, Mindy Muylaert, Cindy Paczkowski, Wendy Sligl, Sean Bagshaw, Nadia Baig, Lorena McCoshen, Katrina Alexanopoulos, Sherri Bain, Michelle Brandt, Cathy Constable, Kari Douglas, Shaleen Maharaj, Sabrina Travers, Tom Stelfox, Philippe Couillard, Christopher Doig, Ken Parhar, Joshua Booth, Cassidy Codan, Stacy Ruddell, Candice Cameron, Rhonda Edison, Anne Martin, Breanna Mina, Dan Niven, Luc Berthiaume, Jonathan Gaudet, Gina Fleming, Mercedes Carmargo, Beverly Hoekstra, Rita Caporuscio, Rachel Kressner Falvo, Carmelina Maxwell, Karmen Plantic, François Marquis, Han Tin Wang, Francis Toupin, Stephane Ahern, Brian Laufer, Marc Brosseau, Pauline Dul, Johanne Harvey, Lotthida Inthanavong, Danae Tassy, Helen Assayag, Maude Bachand, Marysa Betournay, Karine Daoust, Kristine Goyette, Marceline Quach, Paul Hosek, Bill Plaxton, Catherine Armstrong, Rhonda Barber, William Dechert, Janelle Ellis, Kayla Fisk, Melissa Gabnouri, Emilie Gordon, Rebecca Haegens, Lisa Halford, Brooklynn Hillis, Rebecca Jesso, Jenn McLaren, Elliot McMillan, Mariska Pelkmans, Matthew Rekman, Sylvia Sinkovitis, Monica Truong, Michelle White, Noah Bates, Susan Bryden-Cromwell, Lisa Cha, Colleen Cameron, Aminah Deen, Sheri DiGiovanni, Anders Foss, Esther Lee, Heidi MacGregor, Esther Galbraith, Robyn McArthur, Julie McGregor, Keith Miller, Sharon Morris, Shelley Parker, Candice Smith, Joanna Stoglow, Jennifer Tung, Melissa Vos, Neill Adhikari, Ane Amaral, Ane Carlos, Brian Cuthbertson, Rob Fowler, Damon Scales, Navjot Kaur, Nicole Marinoff, Adic Perez, Jane Wang, Katrina Hatzifilalithis, John Iazzetta, Chrys Kolos, Ingrid Quinton, Paul Lysecki, Joseph Berlingieri, Sameer Shaikh, Steven Skitch, Hala Basheer, Kathy Bruder, Jane Cheng, Kaiser Qureshi, Celeste Thibault, Ying Tung Sia, Mathieu Simon, Pierre-Alexane Bouchard, Patricia Lizotte, Nathalie Chateauvert, Thérèse Grenier, Jean-François Bellemare, Simon Bordeleau, Christine Ouin, Benoît Duhaime, Ann Laberge, Philippe Lachance, Mélanie Constantin, Estel Deblois, Maude Dionne, Lise Lavoie, Isabelle Michel, Alexane Pépin, Sanine Poulin, Sarah Anctil, Amélie Chouinard, Louis-Étienne Marchand, Robin Roy, Roigo Cartin-Ceba, Richard Oeckler, Brenda Anderson, Lavonne Liedl, Laurie Meade, Sueanne Weist, Anna Bartoo, Debbie Bauer, Vince Brickley, Shaun Bridges, Greg Brunn, Jennifer Eickstaedt, Jill Randolph, Sandy Showalter, Melissa Wendling, Robert Taylor, Margaret Cytron, Kim Fowler, Katie Krause, Jackie O’Brien, Marianne Tow, Kaitlin Stassi, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood, Haytham Tlayjeh, Alaaeldien Ghanem, Ahmad Hassanien, Mohamed Hegazy, Ashraf El Sharkawi, Felwa Bin Humaid, Hala Alanizi, Nadyah Alanizy, Njoud Al Bogami, Mohammed Muhaidib, Jawaher Gramish, Randa Alsomali, Nora Devera, and Marjane Villafranca
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that may confer health benefits when ingested. Prior randomised trials suggest that probiotics may prevent infections such as VAP and Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhoea (CDAD). PROSPECT (Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial) is a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with usual care versus usual care without probiotics in preventing VAP and other clinically important outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.Methods and analysis The objective of E-PROSPECT is to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness of L. rhamnosus GG plus usual care versus usual care without probiotics in critically ill patients. E-PROSPECT will be performed from the public healthcare payer’s perspective over a time horizon from ICU admission to hospital discharge.We will determine probabilities of in-ICU and in-hospital events from all patients alongside PROSPECT. We will retrieve unit costs for each resource use item using jurisdiction-specific public databases, supplemented by individual site unit costs if such databases are unavailable. Direct costs will include medications, personnel costs, radiology/laboratory testing, operative/non-operative procedures and per-day hospital ‘hoteling’ costs not otherwise encompassed. The primary outcome is the incremental cost per VAP prevented between the two treatment groups. Other clinical events such as CDAD, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in-hospital mortality will be included as secondary outcomes. We will perform pre-specified subgroup analyses (medical/surgical/trauma; age; frailty status; antibiotic use; prevalent vs no prevalent pneumonia) and probabilistic sensitivity analyses for VAP, then generate confidence intervals using the non-parametric bootstrapping approach.Ethics and dissemination Study approval for E-PROSPECT was granted by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board of McMaster University on 29 July 2019. Informed consent was obtained from the patient or substitute decision-maker in PROSPECT. The findings of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration number NCT01782755; Pre-results.
Published: 2020
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9. Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Author: Kartsonaki, Christiana, Baillie, J Kenneth, Barrio, Noelia García, Baruch, Joaquín, Beane, Abigail, Blumberg, Lucille, Bozza, Fernando, Broadley, Tessa, Burrell, Aidan, Carson, Gail, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Dagens, Andrew, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Donnelly, Christl A, Dunning, Jake, Elotmani, Loubna, Escher, Martina, Farshait, Nataly, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Hall, Matthew, Hashmi, Madiha, Sim Lim Heng, Benedict, Ho, Antonia, Jassat, Waasila, Pedrera Jiménez, Miguel, Laouenan, Cedric, Lissauer, Samantha, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mentré, France, Merson, Laura, Morton, Ben, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Adam Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, Rita Alves, João Melo Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andréjak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Patrick Breen, Dorothy Breen, Kathy Brickell, Shaunagh Browne, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Emma Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy 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Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Marc Fabre, Isabelle Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël 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Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Amy Hackmann, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhilin Higgins, Dawn Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Stella Huo, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Aftab Imtiaz, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Victoria Janes, Pierre Jaquet, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Hanna Jung, Anna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Paul Kambiya, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Claire Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Andrea Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Saye Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Denisa Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Teresa Lawrence, Cassie Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Todd C Lee, James Lee, Jennifer Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Biing Horng Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Gary Leeming, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Wei Shen Lim, Kah Chuan Lim, Chantre Lima, Lim Lina, Bruno Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Jose W Lopez-Revilla, Anthony L Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Daniel Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, João Martins, Ana Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Natalie Mc Evoy, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Anne McCarthy, Aine McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, Alexander J Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Shona C Moore, Sarah Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Mario Palacios, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Mical Paul, Christelle Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Riinu Pius, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Mutia Rahardjani, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D Russell, Maria Ryan, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Brendan Scicluna, Janet T Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Catherine A Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Ashraf Sheharyar, Rohan Shetty, Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Rogério Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Punam Singh, Budha Charan Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Agnès Sommet, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Marta Sousa, Ana Chora Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B P Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, David Stuart, Ami Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y Suen, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Taku Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, Emma C Thomson, David Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Margarida Torres, Antoni Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Théo Treoux, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Frank van Someren Greve, Ilonka van Veen, Hugo Van Willigen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, James Vickers, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Calvin Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Baillie, J Kenneth, Barrio, Noelia García, Baruch, Joaquín, Beane, Abigail, Blumberg, Lucille, Bozza, Fernando, Broadley, Tessa, Burrell, Aidan, Carson, Gail, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Dagens, Andrew, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Donnelly, Christl A, Dunning, Jake, Elotmani, Loubna, Escher, Martina, Farshait, Nataly, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Hall, Matthew, Hashmi, Madiha, Sim Lim Heng, Benedict, Ho, Antonia, Jassat, Waasila, Pedrera Jiménez, Miguel, Laouenan, Cedric, Lissauer, Samantha, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mentré, France, Merson, Laura, Morton, Ben, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Adam Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, Rita Alves, João Melo Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andréjak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Patrick Breen, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Kathy Brickell, Shaunagh Browne, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, 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Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Agnès Sommet, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Marta Sousa, Ana Chora Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B P Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, David Stuart, Ami Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y Suen, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Taku Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, Emma C Thomson, David Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Margarida Torres, Antoni Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Théo Treoux, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Frank van Someren Greve, Ilonka van Veen, Hugo Van Willigen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, James Vickers, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Calvin Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, University of Oxford, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), This work was made possible by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Wellcome (215091/Z/18/Z, 205228/Z/16/Z, 220757/Z/20/Z), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1209135), UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship (MR/V001671/1), the philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund, CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity (OV2170359) and the co-ordination in Canada by Sunnybrook Research Institute, endorsement of the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Group, co-ordination in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funding by the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN-2014–12), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) (H2020 project 101003589) and European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) (965313), the COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India, the COVID-19 Clinical Management team, Manipal Hospital Whitefield, Bengaluru, India, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team, support by the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies co-ordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town, the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford, the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team, the Research Council of Norway (grant no. 312780) and a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, Imperial NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the Comprehensive Local Research Networks of which PJMO is an NIHR Senior Investigator (NIHR201385), Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007– 2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution, the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funded by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n 20–0424), Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna (project no. APCOV22BGM), Italian Ministry of Health ‘Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6’ to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria, Australian Department of Health grant (3273191), Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland, Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland, the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009), the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia, grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain, Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (scholarship no. 303953/2018–7), the Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA, a grant from foundation Bevordering Onderzoek Franciscus, the South Eastern Norway Health Authority and the Research Council of Norway, and preparedness work conducted by the Short PeRiod IncideNce sTudy of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection. Data and Material provision was supported by grants from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (MRC, and grant MC_PC_19059) and by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with PHE (award no. 200907), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award no. 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant no. C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award no. IS-BRC-1215–20013) and NIHR Clinical Research Network providing infrastructure support.
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, MESH: Hospitalization, MESH: Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, MESH: Child, cohort study, MESH: COVID-19, Humans, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, Child, Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, risk of death, General Medicine, Middle Aged, co-morbidities, symptoms, treatments, MESH: Male, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, MESH: Intensive Care Units, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19/therapy
Abstract: Background We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.
Published: 2023
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10. Author response for 'Symptom‐based case definitions for COVID‐19: Time and geographical variations for detection at hospital admission among 260,000 patients'

Author: null Joaquin Baruch, null Amanda Rojek, null Christiana Kartsonaki, null Bharath K. T. Vijayaraghavan, null Bronner P. Gonçalves, null Mark G. Pritchard, null Laura Merson, null Jake Dunning, null Matthew Hall, null Louise Sigfrid, null Barbara W. Citarella, null Srinivas Murthy, null Trokon O. Yeabah, null Piero Olliaro, null Ali Abbas, null Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, null Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, null Ryuzo Abe, null Laurent Abel, null Lara Absil, null Subhash Acharya, null Andrew Acker, null Elisabeth Adam, null Diana Adrião, null Saleh Al Ageel, null Shakeel Ahmed, null Kate Ainscough, null Eka Airlangga, null Tharwat Aisa, null Ali Ait Hssain, null Younes Ait Tamlihat, null Takako Akimoto, null Ernita Akmal, null Eman Al Qasim, null Razi Alalqam, null Angela Alberti, null Tala Al‐dabbous, null Senthilkumar Alegesan, null Cynthia Alegre, null Marta Alessi, null Beatrice Alex, null Kévin Alexandre, null Abdulrahman Al‐Fares, null Huda Alfoudri, null Imran Ali, null Adam Ali, null Naseem Ali Shah, null Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, null Jeffrey Aliudin, null Qabas Alkhafajee, null Clotilde Allavena, null Nathalie Allou, null Aneela Altaf, null João Alves, null Rita Alves, null João Melo Alves, null Maria Amaral, null Nur Amira, null Phoebe Ampaw, null Roberto Andini, null Claire Andréjak, null Andrea Angheben, null François Angoulvant, null Séverine Ansart, null Sivanesen Anthonidass, null Massimo Antonelli, null Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, null Ardiyan Apriyana, null Yaseen Arabi, null Irene Aragao, null Carolline Araujo, null Antonio Arcadipane, null Patrick Archambault, null Lukas Arenz, null Jean‐Benoît Arlet, null Lovkesh Arora, null Rakesh Arora, null Elise Artaud‐Macari, null Diptesh Aryal, null Angel Asensio, null Muhammad Ashraf, null Namra Asif, null Mohammad Asim, null Jean Baptiste Assie, null Amirul Asyraf, null Anika Atique, null A. M. Udara Lakshan Attanyake, null Johann Auchabie, null Hugues Aumaitre, null Adrien Auvet, null Eyvind W. Axelsen, null Laurène Azemar, null Cecile Azoulay, null Benjamin Bach, null Delphine Bachelet, null Claudine Badr, null Roar Bævre‐Jensen, null Nadia Baig, null J. Kenneth Baillie, null J. Kevin Baird, null Erica Bak, null Agamemnon Bakakos, null Nazreen Abu Bakar, null Andriy Bal, null Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, null Valeria Balan, null Firouzé Bani‐Sadr, null Renata Barbalho, null Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, null Wendy S. Barclay, null Saef Umar Barnett, null Michaela Barnikel, null Helena Barrasa, null Audrey Barrelet, null Cleide Barrigoto, null Marie Bartoli, null Joaquín Baruch, null Mustehan Bashir, null Romain Basmaci, null Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, null Denise Battaglini, null Jules Bauer, null Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, null Denisse Bazan Dow, null Abigail Beane, null Alexandra Bedossa, null Ker Hong Bee, null Husna Begum, null Sylvie Behilill, null Albertus Beishuizen, null Aleksandr Beljantsev, null David Bellemare, null Anna Beltrame, null Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, null Marine Beluze, null Nicolas Benech, null Lionel Eric Benjiman, null Dehbia Benkerrou, null Suzanne Bennett, null Luís Bento, null Jan‐Erik Berdal, null Delphine Bergeaud, null Hazel Bergin, null José Luis Bernal Sobrino, null Giulia Bertoli, null Lorenzo Bertolino, null Simon Bessis, null Sybille Bevilcaqua, null Karine Bezulier, null Amar Bhatt, null Krishna Bhavsar, null Claudia Bianco, null Farah Nadiah Bidin, null Moirangthem Bikram Singh, null Felwa Bin Humaid, null Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, null François Bissuel, null Laurent Bitker, null Jonathan Bitton, null Pablo Blanco‐Schweizer, null Catherine Blier, null Frank Bloos, null Mathieu Blot, null Filomena Boccia, null Laetitia Bodenes, null Alice Bogaarts, null Debby Bogaert, null Anne‐Hélène Boivin, null Pierre‐Adrien Bolze, null François Bompart, null Aurelius Bonfasius, null Diogo Borges, null Raphaël Borie, null Hans Martin Bosse, null Elisabeth Botelho‐Nevers, null Lila Bouadma, null Olivier Bouchaud, null Sabelline Bouchez, null Dounia Bouhmani, null Damien Bouhour, null Kévin Bouiller, null Laurence Bouillet, null Camile Bouisse, null Anne‐Sophie Boureau, null John Bourke, null Maude Bouscambert, null Aurore Bousquet, null Jason Bouziotis, null Bianca Boxma, null Marielle Boyer‐Besseyre, null Maria Boylan, null Fernando Augusto Bozza, null Axelle Braconnier, null Cynthia Braga, null Timo Brandenburger, null Filipa Brás Monteiro, null Luca Brazzi, null Patrick Breen, null Dorothy Breen, null Kathy Brickell, null Shaunagh Browne, null Alex Browne, null Nicolas Brozzi, null Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, null Marjolein Brusse‐Keizer, null Nina Buchtele, null Christian Buesaquillo, null Polina Bugaeva, null Marielle Buisson, null Danilo Buonsenso, null Erlina Burhan, null Aidan Burrell, null Ingrid G. Bustos, null Denis Butnaru, null André Cabie, null Susana Cabral, null Eder Caceres, null Cyril Cadoz, null Kate Calligy, null Jose Andres Calvache, null João Camões, null Valentine Campana, null Paul Campbell, null Josie Campisi, null Cecilia Canepa, null Mireia Cantero, null Pauline Caraux‐Paz, null Sheila Cárcel, null Chiara Simona Cardellino, null Sofia Cardoso, null Filipe Cardoso, null Filipa Cardoso, null Nelson Cardoso, null Simone Carelli, null Nicolas Carlier, null Thierry Carmoi, null Gayle Carney, null Inês Carqueja, null Marie‐Christine Carret, null François Martin Carrier, null Ida Carroll, null Gail Carson, null Maire‐Laure Casanova, null Mariana Cascão, null Siobhan Casey, null José Casimiro, null Bailey Cassandra, null Silvia Castañeda, null Nidyanara Castanheira, null Guylaine Castor‐Alexandre, null Henry Castrillón, null Ivo Castro, null Ana Catarino, null François‐Xavier Catherine, null Paolo Cattaneo, null Roberta Cavalin, null Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, null Alexandros Cavayas, null Adrian Ceccato, null Minerva Cervantes‐Gonzalez, null Anissa Chair, null Catherine Chakveatze, null Adrienne Chan, null Meera Chand, null Christelle Chantalat Auger, null Jean‐Marc Chapplain, null Julie Chas, null Allegra Chatterjee, null Mobin Chaudry, null Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, null Anjellica Chen, null Yih‐Sharng Chen, null Matthew Pellan Cheng, null Antoine Cheret, null Thibault Chiarabini, null Julian Chica, null Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, null Leong Chin Tho, null Catherine Chirouze, null Davide Chiumello, null Sung‐Min Cho, null Bernard Cholley, null Marie‐Charlotte Chopin, null Ting Soo Chow, null Yock Ping Chow, null Jonathan Chua, null Hiu Jian Chua, null Jose Pedro Cidade, null José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, null Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, null Anna Ciullo, null Jennifer Clarke, null Emma Clarke, null Rolando Claure‐Del Granado, null Sara Clohisey, null Perren J. Cobb, null Cassidy Codan, null Caitriona Cody, null Alexandra Coelho, null Megan Coles, null Gwenhaël Colin, null Michael Collins, null Sebastiano Maria Colombo, null Pamela Combs, null Marie Connor, null Anne Conrad, null Sofía Contreras, null Elaine Conway, null Graham S. Cooke, null Mary Copland, null Hugues Cordel, null Amanda Corley, null Sabine Cornelis, null Alexander Daniel Cornet, null Arianne Joy Corpuz, null Andrea Cortegiani, null Grégory Corvaisier, null Emma Costigan, null Camille Couffignal, null Sandrine Couffin‐Cadiergues, null Roxane Courtois, null Stéphanie Cousse, null Rachel Cregan, null Sabine Croonen, null Gloria Crowl, null Jonathan Crump, null Claudina Cruz, null Juan Luis Cruz Bermúdez, null Jaime Cruz Rojo, null Marc Csete, null Ailbhe Cullen, null Matthew Cummings, null Gerard Curley, null Elodie Curlier, null Colleen Curran, null Paula Custodio, null Ana da Silva Filipe, null Charlene Da Silveira, null Al‐Awwab Dabaliz, null Andrew Dagens, null John Arne Dahl, null Darren Dahly, null Heidi Dalton, null Jo Dalton, null Seamus Daly, null Nick Daneman, null Corinne Daniel, null Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, null Jorge Dantas, null Frédérick D'Aragon, null Gillian de Loughry, null Diego de Mendoza, null Etienne De Montmollin, null Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, null Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, null Rosanna De Rosa, null Cristina De Rose, null Thushan de Silva, null Peter de Vries, null Jillian Deacon, null David Dean, null Alexa Debard, null Marie‐Pierre Debray, null Nathalie DeCastro, null William Dechert, null Lauren Deconninck, null Romain Decours, null Eve Defous, null Isabelle Delacroix, null Eric Delaveuve, null Karen Delavigne, null Nathalie M. Delfos, null Ionna Deligiannis, null Andrea Dell'Amore, null Christelle Delmas, null Pierre Delobel, null Corine Delsing, null Elisa Demonchy, null Emmanuelle Denis, null Dominique Deplanque, null Pieter Depuydt, null Mehul Desai, null Diane Descamps, null Mathilde Desvallées, null Santi Dewayanti, null Pathik Dhanger, null Alpha Diallo, null Sylvain Diamantis, null André Dias, null Juan Jose Diaz, null Priscila Diaz, null Rodrigo Diaz, null Kévin Didier, null Jean‐Luc Diehl, null Wim Dieperink, null Jérôme Dimet, null Vincent Dinot, null Fara Diop, null Alphonsine Diouf, null Yael Dishon, null Félix Djossou, null Annemarie B. Docherty, null Helen Doherty, null Arjen M. Dondorp, null Maria Donnelly, null Christl A. Donnelly, null Sean Donohue, null Yoann Donohue, null Chloe Donohue, null Peter Doran, null Céline Dorival, null Eric D'Ortenzio, null James Joshua Douglas, null Renee Douma, null Nathalie Dournon, null Triona Downer, null Joanne Downey, null Mark Downing, null Tom Drake, null Aoife Driscoll, null Murray Dryden, null Claudio Duarte Fonseca, null Vincent Dubee, null François Dubos, null Alexandre Ducancelle, null Toni Duculan, null Susanne Dudman, null Abhijit Duggal, null Paul Dunand, null Mathilde Duplaix, null Emanuele Durante‐Mangoni, null Lucian Durham, null Bertrand Dussol, null Juliette Duthoit, null Xavier Duval, null Anne Margarita Dyrhol‐Riise, null Sim Choon Ean, null Marco Echeverria‐Villalobos, null Siobhan Egan, null Linn Margrete Eggesbø, null Carla Eira, null Mohammed El Sanharawi, null Subbarao Elapavaluru, null Brigitte Elharrar, null Jacobien Ellerbroek, null Merete Ellingjord‐Dale, null Philippine Eloy, null Tarek Elshazly, null Iqbal Elyazar, null Isabelle Enderle, null Tomoyuki Endo, null Chan Chee Eng, null Ilka Engelmann, null Vincent Enouf, null Olivier Epaulard, null Martina Escher, null Mariano Esperatti, null Hélène Esperou, null Marina Esposito‐Farese, null João Estevão, null Manuel Etienne, null Nadia Ettalhaoui, null Anna Greti Everding, null Mirjam Evers, null Marc Fabre, null Isabelle Fabre, null Amna Faheem, null Arabella Fahy, null Cameron J. Fairfield, null Zul Fakar, null Komal Fareed, null Pedro Faria, null Ahmed Farooq, null Hanan Fateena, null Arie Zainul Fatoni, null Karine Faure, null Raphaël Favory, null Mohamed Fayed, null Niamh Feely, null Laura Feeney, null Jorge Fernandes, null Marília Andreia Fernandes, null Susana Fernandes, null François‐Xavier Ferrand, null Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, null Joana Ferrão, null Mário Ferraz, null Sílvia Ferreira, null Isabel Ferreira, null Benigno Ferreira, null Ricard Ferrer‐Roca, null Nicolas Ferriere, null Céline Ficko, null Claudia Figueiredo‐Mello, null William Finlayson, null Juan Fiorda, null Thomas Flament, null Clara Flateau, null Tom Fletcher, null Letizia Lucia Florio, null Deirdre Flynn, null Claire Foley, null Jean Foley, null Victor Fomin, null Tatiana Fonseca, null Patricia Fontela, null Simon Forsyth, null Denise Foster, null Giuseppe Foti, null Erwan Fourn, null Robert A. Fowler, null Marianne Fraher, null Diego Franch‐Llasat, null John F. Fraser, null Christophe Fraser, null Marcela Vieira Freire, null Ana Freitas Ribeiro, null Caren Friedrich, null Stéphanie Fry, null Nora Fuentes, null Masahiro Fukuda, null G. Argin, null Valérie Gaborieau, null Rostane Gaci, null Massimo Gagliardi, null Jean‐Charles Gagnard, null Amandine Gagneux‐Brunon, null Sérgio Gaião, null Linda Gail Skeie, null Phil Gallagher, null Carrol Gamble, null Yasmin Gani, null Arthur Garan, null Rebekha Garcia, null Noelia García Barrio, null Julia Garcia‐Diaz, null Esteban Garcia‐Gallo, null Navya Garimella, null Denis Garot, null Valérie Garrait, null Basanta Gauli, null Nathalie Gault, null Aisling Gavin, null Anatoliy Gavrylov, null Alexandre Gaymard, null Johannes Gebauer, null Eva Geraud, null Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, null Nuno Germano, null Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, null Jade Ghosn, null Marco Giani, null Jess Gibson, null Tristan Gigante, null Morgane Gilg, null Elaine Gilroy, null Guillermo Giordano, null Michelle Girvan, null Valérie Gissot, null Daniel Glikman, null Petr Glybochko, null Eric Gnall, null Geraldine Goco, null François Goehringer, null Siri Goepel, null Jean‐Christophe Goffard, null Jin Yi Goh, null Jonathan Golob, null Kyle Gomez, null Joan Gómez‐Junyent, null Marie Gominet, null Alicia Gonzalez, null Patricia Gordon, null Isabelle Gorenne, null Laure Goubert, null Cécile Goujard, null Tiphaine Goulenok, null Margarite Grable, null Jeronimo Graf, null Edward Wilson Grandin, null Pascal Granier, null Giacomo Grasselli, null Christopher A. Green, null Courtney Greene, null William Greenhalf, null Segolène Greffe, null Domenico Luca Grieco, null Matthew Griffee, null Fiona Griffiths, null Ioana Grigoras, null Albert Groenendijk, null Anja Grosse Lordemann, null Heidi Gruner, null Yusing Gu, null Jérémie Guedj, null Martin Guego, null Dewi Guellec, null Anne‐Marie Guerguerian, null Daniela Guerreiro, null Romain Guery, null Anne Guillaumot, null Laurent Guilleminault, null Maisa Guimarães de Castro, null Thomas Guimard, null Marieke Haalboom, null Daniel Haber, null Hannah Habraken, null Ali Hachemi, null Amy Hackmann, null Nadir Hadri, null Fakhir Haidri, null Sheeba Hakak, null Adam Hall, null Sophie Halpin, null Jawad Hameed, null Ansley Hamer, null Raph L. Hamers, null Rebecca Hamidfar, null Bato Hammarström, null Terese Hammond, null Lim Yuen Han, null Rashan Haniffa, null Kok Wei Hao, null Hayley Hardwick, null Ewen M. Harrison, null Janet Harrison, null Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, null Alan Hartman, null Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, null Junaid Hashmi, null Muhammad Hayat, null Ailbhe Hayes, null Leanne Hays, null Jan Heerman, null Lars Heggelund, null Ross Hendry, null Martina Hennessy, null Aquiles Henriquez‐Trujillo, null Maxime Hentzien, null Jaime Hernandez‐Montfort, null Andrew Hershey, null Liv Hesstvedt, null Astarini Hidayah, null Eibhilin Higgins, null Dawn Higgins, null Rupert Higgins, null Rita Hinchion, null Samuel Hinton, null Hiroaki Hiraiwa, null Haider Hirkani, null Hikombo Hitoto, null Yi Bin Ho, null Antonia Ho, null Alexandre Hoctin, null Isabelle Hoffmann, null Wei Han Hoh, null Oscar Hoiting, null Rebecca Holt, null Jan Cato Holter, null Peter Horby, null Juan Pablo Horcajada, null Koji Hoshino, null Ikram Houas, null Catherine L. Hough, null Stuart Houltham, null Jimmy Ming‐Yang Hsu, null Jean‐Sébastien Hulot, null Stella Huo, null Abby Hurd, null Iqbal Hussain, null Samreen Ijaz, null Hajnal‐Gabriela Illes, null Patrick Imbert, null Mohammad Imran, null Rana Imran Sikander, null Aftab Imtiaz, null Hugo Inácio, null Carmen Infante Dominguez, null Yun Sii Ing, null Elias Iosifidis, null Mariachiara Ippolito, null Sarah Isgett, null Tiago Isidoro, null Nadiah Ismail, null Margaux Isnard, null Mette Stausland Istre, null Junji Itai, null Daniel Ivulich, null Danielle Jaafar, null Salma Jaafoura, null Julien Jabot, null Clare Jackson, null Nina Jamieson, null Pierre Jaquet, null Coline Jaud‐Fischer, null Stéphane Jaureguiberry, null Denise Jaworsky, null Florence Jego, null Anilawati Mat Jelani, null Synne Jenum, null Ruth Jimbo‐Sotomayor, null Ong Yiaw Joe, null Ruth N. Jorge García, null Silje Bakken Jørgensen, null Cédric Joseph, null Mark Joseph, null Swosti Joshi, null Mercé Jourdain, null Philippe Jouvet, null Hanna Jung, null Anna Jung, null Dafsah Juzar, null Ouifiya Kafif, null Florentia Kaguelidou, null Neerusha Kaisbain, null Thavamany Kaleesvran, null Sabina Kali, null Alina Kalicinska, null Karl Trygve Kalleberg, null Smaragdi Kalomoiri, null Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, null Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, null Nadiah Kamarudin, null Kavita Kamineni, null Darshana Hewa Kandamby, null Chris Kandel, null Kong Yeow Kang, null Darakhshan Kanwal, null Pratap Karpayah, null Daisuke Kasugai, null Anant Kataria, null Kevin Katz, null Aasmine Kaur, null Christy Kay, null Hannah Keane, null Seán Keating, null Pulak Kedia, null Claire Kelly, null Yvelynne Kelly, null Andrea Kelly, null Niamh Kelly, null Aoife Kelly, null Sadie Kelly, null Maeve Kelsey, null Ryan Kennedy, null Kalynn Kennon, null Maeve Kernan, null Younes Kerroumi, null Sharma Keshav, null Imrana Khalid, null Osama Khalid, null Antoine Khalil, null Coralie Khan, null Irfan Khan, null Quratul Ain Khan, null Sushil Khanal, null Abid Khatak, null Amin Khawaja, null Krish Kherajani, null Michelle E. Kho, null Ryan Khoo, null Denisa Khoo, null Saye Khoo, null Nasir Khoso, null Khor How Kiat, null Yuri Kida, null Peter Kiiza, null Beathe Kiland Granerud, null Anders Benjamin Kildal, null Jae Burm Kim, null Antoine Kimmoun, null Detlef Kindgen‐Milles, null Alexander King, null Nobuya Kitamura, null Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, null Paul Klenerman, null Rob Klont, null Gry Kloumann Bekken, null Stephen R. Knight, null Robin Kobbe, null Chamira Kodippily, null Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, null Sabin Koirala, null Mamoru Komatsu, null Caroline Kosgei, null Arsène Kpangon, null Karolina Krawczyk, null Vinothini Krishnan, null Sudhir Krishnan, null Oksana Kruglova, null Ganesh Kumar, null Deepali Kumar, null Mukesh Kumar, null Pavan Kumar Vecham, null Dinesh Kuriakose, null Ethan Kurtzman, null Demetrios Kutsogiannis, null Galyna Kutsyna, null Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, null Marie Lachatre, null Marie Lacoste, null John G. Laffey, null Marie Lagrange, null Fabrice Laine, null Olivier Lairez, null Sanjay Lakhey, null Antonio Lalueza, null Marc Lambert, null François Lamontagne, null Marie Langelot‐Richard, null Vincent Langlois, null Eka Yudha Lantang, null Marina Lanza, null Cédric Laouénan, null Samira Laribi, null Delphine Lariviere, null Stéphane Lasry, null Sakshi Lath, null Naveed Latif, null Odile Launay, null Didier Laureillard, null Yoan Lavie‐Badie, null Andy Law, null Teresa Lawrence, null Cassie Lawrence, null Minh Le, null Clément Le Bihan, null Cyril Le Bris, null Georges Le Falher, null Lucie Le Fevre, null Quentin Le Hingrat, null Marion Le Maréchal, null Soizic Le Mestre, null Gwenaël Le Moal, null Vincent Le Moing, null Hervé Le Nagard, null Paul Le Turnier, null Ema Leal, null Marta Leal Santos, null Heng Gee Lee, null Biing Horng Lee, null Yi Lin Lee, null Todd C. Lee, null James Lee, null Jennifer Lee, null Su Hwan Lee, null Gary Leeming, null Laurent Lefebvre, null Bénédicte Lefebvre, null Benjamin Lefèvre, null Sylvie LeGac, null Jean‐Daniel Lelievre, null François Lellouche, null Adrien Lemaignen, null Véronique Lemee, null Anthony Lemeur, null Gretchen Lemmink, null Ha Sha Lene, null Jenny Lennon, null Rafael León, null Marc Leone, null Michela Leone, null Quentin Lepiller, null François‐Xavier Lescure, null Olivier Lesens, null Mathieu Lesouhaitier, null Amy Lester‐Grant, null Yves Levy, null Bruno Levy, null Claire Levy‐Marchal, null Katarzyna Lewandowska, null Erwan L'Her, null Gianluigi Li Bassi, null Janet Liang, null Ali Liaquat, null Geoffrey Liegeon, null Kah Chuan Lim, null Wei Shen Lim, null Chantre Lima, null Lim Lina, null Bruno Lina, null Andreas Lind, null Maja Katherine Lingad, null Guillaume Lingas, null Sylvie Lion‐Daolio, null Samantha Lissauer, null Keibun Liu, null Marine Livrozet, null Patricia Lizotte, null Antonio Loforte, null Navy Lolong, null Leong Chee Loon, null Diogo Lopes, null Dalia Lopez‐Colon, null Jose W. Lopez‐Revilla, null Anthony L. Loschner, null Paul Loubet, null Bouchra Loufti, null Guillame Louis, null Silvia Lourenco, null Lara Lovelace‐Macon, null Lee Lee Low, null Marije Lowik, null Jia Shyi Loy, null Jean Christophe Lucet, null Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, null Carlos M. Luna, null Olguta Lungu, null Liem Luong, null Nestor Luque, null Dominique Luton, null Nilar Lwin, null Ruth Lyons, null Olavi Maasikas, null Oryane Mabiala, null Moïse Machado, null Gabriel Macheda, null Hashmi Madiha, null Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, null Rafael Mahieu, null Sophie Mahy, null Ana Raquel Maia, null Lars S. Maier, null Mylène Maillet, null Thomas Maitre, null Maximilian Malfertheiner, null Nadia Malik, null Paddy Mallon, null Fernando Maltez, null Denis Malvy, null Victoria Manda, null Laurent Mandelbrot, null Frank Manetta, null Julie Mankikian, null Edmund Manning, null Aldric Manuel, null Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, null Flávio Marino, null Daniel Marino, null Samuel Markowicz, null Charbel Maroun Eid, null Ana Marques, null Catherine Marquis, null Brian Marsh, null Laura Marsh, null Megan Marshal, null John Marshall, null Celina Turchi Martelli, null Dori‐Ann Martin, null Emily Martin, null Guillaume Martin‐Blondel, null Ignacio Martin‐Loeches, null Martin Martinot, null Alejandro Martin‐Quiros, null João Martins, null Ana Martins, null Nuno Martins, null Caroline Martins Rego, null Gennaro Martucci, null Olga Martynenko, null Eva Miranda Marwali, null Marsilla Marzukie, null David Maslove, null Sabina Mason, null Sobia Masood, null Basri Mat Nor, null Moshe Matan, null Meghena Mathew, null Daniel Mathieu, null Mathieu Mattei, null Romans Matulevics, null Laurence Maulin, null Michael Maxwell, null Javier Maynar, null Thierry Mazzoni, null Natalie Mc Evoy, null Lisa Mc Sweeney, null Colin McArthur, null Anne McCarthy, null Aine McCarthy, null Colin McCloskey, null Rachael McConnochie, null Sherry McDermott, null Sarah E. McDonald, null Aine McElroy, null Samuel McElwee, null Victoria McEneany, null Allison McGeer, null Chris McKay, null Johnny McKeown, null Kenneth A. McLean, null Paul McNally, null Bairbre McNicholas, null Elaine McPartlan, null Edel Meaney, null Cécile Mear‐Passard, null Maggie Mechlin, null Maqsood Meher, null Omar Mehkri, null Ferruccio Mele, null Luis Melo, null Kashif Memon, null Joao Joao Mendes, null Ogechukwu Menkiti, null Kusum Menon, null France Mentré, null Alexander J. Mentzer, null Noémie Mercier, null Emmanuelle Mercier, null Antoine Merckx, null Mayka Mergeay‐Fabre, null Blake Mergler, null António Mesquita, null Roberta Meta, null Osama Metwally, null Agnès Meybeck, null Dan Meyer, null Alison M. Meynert, null Vanina Meysonnier, null Amina Meziane, null Mehdi Mezidi, null Céline Michelanglei, null Isabelle Michelet, null Efstathia Mihelis, null Vladislav Mihnovit, null Hugo Miranda‐Maldonado, null Nor Arisah Misnan, null Tahira Jamal Mohamed, null Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, null Asma Moin, null David Molina, null Elena Molinos, null Brenda Molloy, null Mary Mone, null Agostinho Monteiro, null Claudia Montes, null Giorgia Montrucchio, null Shona C. Moore, null Sarah Moore, null Lina Morales Cely, null Lucia Moro, null Ben Morton, null Catherine Motherway, null Ana Motos, null Hugo Mouquet, null Clara Mouton Perrot, null Julien Moyet, null Caroline Mudara, null Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, null Ng Yong Muh, null Dzawani Muhamad, null Jimmy Mullaert, null Fredrik Müller, null Karl Erik Müller, null Daniel Munblit, null Syed Muneeb, null Nadeem Munir, null Laveena Munshi, null Aisling Murphy, null Lorna Murphy, null Marlène Murris, null Himed Musaab, null Himasha Muvindi, null Gugapriyaa Muyandy, null Dimitra Melia Myrodia, null Farah Nadia Mohd‐Hanafiah, null Dave Nagpal, null Alex Nagrebetsky, null Mangala Narasimhan, null Nageswaran Narayanan, null Rashid Nasim Khan, null Alasdair Nazerali‐Maitland, null Nadège Neant, null Holger Neb, null Nikita Nekliudov, null Erni Nelwan, null Raul Neto, null Emily Neumann, null Pauline Yeung Ng, null Wing Yiu Ng, null Anthony Nghi, null Duc Nguyen, null Orna Ni Choileain, null Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, null Alistair Nichol, null Prompak Nitayavardhana, null Stephanie Nonas, null Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, null Marion Noret, null Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, null Lisa Norman, null Alessandra Notari, null Mahdad Noursadeghi, null Karolina Nowicka, null Adam Nowinski, null Saad Nseir, null Jose I. Nunez, null Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, null Dwi Utomo Nusantara, null Elsa Nyamankolly, null Anders Benteson Nygaard, null Fionnuala O. Brien, null Annmarie O. Callaghan, null Annmarie O'Callaghan, null Giovanna Occhipinti, null Derbrenn OConnor, null Max O'Donnell, null Tawnya Ogston, null Takayuki Ogura, null Tak‐Hyuk Oh, null Sophie O'Halloran, null Katie O'Hearn, null Shinichiro Ohshimo, null Agnieszka Oldakowska, null João Oliveira, null Larissa Oliveira, null Piero L. Olliaro, null Jee Yan Ong, null David S. Y. Ong, null Wilna Oosthuyzen, null Anne Opavsky, null Peter Openshaw, null Saijad Orakzai, null Claudia Milena Orozco‐Chamorro, null Jamel Ortoleva, null Javier Osatnik, null Linda O'Shea, null Miriam O'Sullivan, null Siti Zubaidah Othman, null Nadia Ouamara, null Rachida Ouissa, null Eric Oziol, null Maïder Pagadoy, null Justine Pages, null Mario Palacios, null Amanda Palacios, null Massimo Palmarini, null Giovanna Panarello, null Prasan Kumar Panda, null Hem Paneru, null Lai Hui Pang, null Mauro Panigada, null Nathalie Pansu, null Aurélie Papadopoulos, null Rachael Parke, null Melissa Parker, null Briseida Parra, null Taha Pasha, null Jérémie Pasquier, null Bruno Pastene, null Fabian Patauner, null Drashti Patel, null Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, null Luís Patrão, null Patricia Patricio, null Juliette Patrier, null Lisa Patterson, null Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, null Mical Paul, null Christelle Paul, null Jorge Paulos, null William A. Paxton, null Jean‐François Payen, null Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, null Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, null Giles J. Peek, null Florent Peelman, null Nathan Peiffer‐Smadja, null Vincent Peigne, null Mare Pejkovska, null Paolo Pelosi, null Ithan D. Peltan, null Rui Pereira, null Daniel Perez, null Luis Periel, null Thomas Perpoint, null Antonio Pesenti, null Vincent Pestre, null Lenka Petrou, null Michele Petrovic, null Ventzislava Petrov‐Sanchez, null Frank Olav Pettersen, null Gilles Peytavin, null Scott Pharand, null Walter Picard, null Olivier Picone, null Maria de Piero, null Carola Pierobon, null Djura Piersma, null Carlos Pimentel, null Raquel Pinto, null Catarina Pires, null Isabelle Pironneau, null Lionel Piroth, null Ayodhia Pitaloka, null Riinu Pius, null Laurent Plantier, null Hon Shen Png, null Julien Poissy, null Ryadh Pokeerbux, null Maria Pokorska‐Spiewak, null Sergio Poli, null Georgios Pollakis, null Diane Ponscarme, null Jolanta Popielska, null Diego Bastos Porto, null Andra‐Maris Post, null Douwe F. Postma, null Pedro Povoa, null Diana Póvoas, null Jeff Powis, null Sofia Prapa, null Sébastien Preau, null Christian Prebensen, null Jean‐Charles Preiser, null Anton Prinssen, null Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, null Lucia Proença, null Sravya Pudota, null Oriane Puéchal, null Bambang Pujo Semedi, null Mathew Pulicken, null Gregory Purcell, null Luisa Quesada, null Vilmaris Quinones‐Cardona, null Víctor Quirós González, null Else Quist‐Paulsen, null Mohammed Quraishi, null Maia Rabaa, null Christian Rabaud, null Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, null Aldo Rafael, null Marie Rafiq, null Mutia Rahardjani, null Rozanah Abd Rahman, null Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, null Arsalan Rahutullah, null Fernando Rainieri, null Giri Shan Rajahram, null Pratheema Ramachandran, null Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, null Ahmad Afiq Ramli, null Blandine Rammaert, null Grazielle Viana Ramos, null Asim Rana, null Rajavardhan Rangappa, null Ritika Ranjan, null Christophe Rapp, null Aasiyah Rashan, null Thalha Rashan, null Ghulam Rasheed, null Menaldi Rasmin, null Indrek Rätsep, null Cornelius Rau, null Tharmini Ravi, null Ali Raza, null Andre Real, null Stanislas Rebaudet, null Sarah Redl, null Brenda Reeve, null Attaur Rehman, null Liadain Reid, null Dag Henrik Reikvam, null Renato Reis, null Jordi Rello, null Jonathan Remppis, null Martine Remy, null Hongru Ren, null Hanna Renk, null Anne‐Sophie Resseguier, null Matthieu Revest, null Oleksa Rewa, null Luis Felipe Reyes, null Tiago Reyes, null Maria Ines Ribeiro, null Antonia Ricchiuto, null David Richardson, null Denise Richardson, null Laurent Richier, null Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, null Jordi Riera, null Ana L. Rios, null Asgar Rishu, null Patrick Rispal, null Karine Risso, null Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, null Nicholas Rizer, null Chiara Robba, null André Roberto, null Stephanie Roberts, null David L. Robertson, null Olivier Robineau, null Ferran Roche‐Campo, null Paola Rodari, null Simão Rodeia, null Julia Rodriguez Abreu, null Bernhard Roessler, null Pierre‐Marie Roger, null Claire Roger, null Emmanuel Roilides, null Juliette Romaru, null Roberto Roncon‐Albuquerque, null Mélanie Roriz, null Manuel Rosa‐Calatrava, null Michael Rose, null Dorothea Rosenberger, null Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, null Andrea Rossanese, null Matteo Rossetti, null Bénédicte Rossignol, null Patrick Rossignol, null Stella Rousset, null Carine Roy, null Benoît Roze, null Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, null Clark D. Russell, null Maria Ryan, null Maeve Ryan, null Steffi Ryckaert, null Aleksander Rygh Holten, null Isabela Saba, null Sairah Sadaf, null Musharaf Sadat, null Valla Sahraei, null Maximilien Saint‐Gilles, null Pranya Sakiyalak, null Nawal Salahuddin, null Leonardo Salazar, null Jodat Saleem, null Gabriele Sales, null Stéphane Sallaberry, null Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, null Hélène Salvator, null Olivier Sanchez, null Angel Sanchez‐Miralles, null Vanessa Sancho‐Shimizu, null Gyan Sandhu, null Zulfiqar Sandhu, null Pierre‐François Sandrine, null Oana Sandulescu, null Marlene Santos, null Shirley Sarfo‐Mensah, null Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, null Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, null Benjamine Sarton, null Ankana Satya, null Sree Satyapriya, null Rumaisah Satyawati, null Egle Saviciute, null Parthena Savvidou, null Yen Tsen Saw, null Justin Schaffer, null Tjard Schermer, null Arnaud Scherpereel, null Marion Schneider, null Stephan Schroll, null Michael Schwameis, null Gary Schwartz, null Janet T. Scott, null James Scott‐Brown, null Nicholas Sedillot, null Tamara Seitz, null Jaganathan Selvanayagam, null Mageswari Selvarajoo, null Caroline Semaille, null Malcolm G. Semple, null Rasidah Bt Senian, null Eric Senneville, null Filipa Sequeira, null Tânia Sequeira, null Ary Serpa Neto, null Pablo Serrano Balazote, null Ellen Shadowitz, null Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, null Mohammad Shamsah, null Anuraj Shankar, null Shaikh Sharjeel, null Pratima Sharma, null Catherine A. Shaw, null Victoria Shaw, null Ashraf Sheharyar, null Rohan Shetty, null Rajesh Mohan Shetty, null Haixia Shi, null Mohiuddin Shiekh, null Nobuaki Shime, null Keiki Shimizu, null Sally Shrapnel, null Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, null Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, null Hoi Ping Shum, null Nassima Si Mohammed, null Ng Yong Siang, null Jeanne Sibiude, null Atif Siddiqui, null Piret Sillaots, null Catarina Silva, null Rogério Silva, null Maria Joao Silva, null Benedict Sim Lim Heng, null Wai Ching Sin, null Dario Sinatti, null Punam Singh, null Budha Charan Singh, null Pompini Agustina Sitompul, null Karisha Sivam, null Vegard Skogen, null Sue Smith, null Benjamin Smood, null Coilin Smyth, null Michelle Smyth, null Morgane Snacken, null Dominic So, null Tze Vee Soh, null Lene Bergendal Solberg, null Joshua Solomon, null Tom Solomon, null Emily Somers, null Agnès Sommet, null Rima Song, null Myung Jin Song, null Tae Song, null Jack Song Chia, null Michael Sonntagbauer, null Azlan Mat Soom, null Arne Søraas, null Camilla Lund Søraas, null Alberto Sotto, null Edouard Soum, null Marta Sousa, null Ana Chora Sousa, null Maria Sousa Uva, null Vicente Souza‐Dantas, null Alexandra Sperry, null Elisabetta Spinuzza, null B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, null Shiranee Sriskandan, null Sarah Stabler, null Thomas Staudinger, null Stephanie‐Susanne Stecher, null Trude Steinsvik, null Ymkje Stienstra, null Birgitte Stiksrud, null Eva Stolz, null Amy Stone, null Adrian Streinu‐Cercel, null Anca Streinu‐Cercel, null David Stuart, null Ami Stuart, null Decy Subekti, null Gabriel Suen, null Jacky Y. Suen, null Asfia Sultana, null Charlotte Summers, null Dubravka Supic, null Deepashankari Suppiah, null Magdalena Surovcová, null Suwarti Suwarti, null Andrey Svistunov, null Sarah Syahrin, null Konstantinos Syrigos, null Jaques Sztajnbok, null Konstanty Szuldrzynski, null Shirin Tabrizi, null Fabio S. Taccone, null Lysa Tagherset, null Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, null Ewa Talarek, null Sara Taleb, null Jelmer Talsma, null Renaud Tamisier, null Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, null Kim Keat Tan, null Yan Chyi Tan, null Taku Tanaka, null Hiroyuki Tanaka, null Hayato Taniguchi, null Huda Taqdees, null Arshad Taqi, null Coralie Tardivon, null Pierre Tattevin, null M. Azhari Taufik, null Hassan Tawfik, null Richard S. Tedder, null Tze Yuan Tee, null João Teixeira, null Sofia Tejada, null Marie‐Capucine Tellier, null Sze Kye Teoh, null Vanessa Teotonio, null François Téoulé, null Pleun Terpstra, null Olivier Terrier, null Nicolas Terzi, null Hubert Tessier‐Grenier, null Adrian Tey, null Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, null Anand Thakur, null Zhang Duan Tham, null Suvintheran Thangavelu, null Vincent Thibault, null Simon‐Djamel Thiberville, null Benoît Thill, null Jananee Thirumanickam, null Shaun Thompson, null Emma C. Thomson, null Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, null Ryan S. Thwaites, null Paul Tierney, null Vadim Tieroshyn, null Peter S. Timashev, null Jean‐François Timsit, null Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, null Noémie Tissot, null Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, null Maria Toki, null Kristian Tonby, null Sia Loong Tonnii, null Margarida Torres, null Antoni Torres, null Rosario Maria Torres Santos‐Olmo, null Hernando Torres‐Zevallos, null Michael Towers, null Tony Trapani, null Théo Treoux, null Cécile Tromeur, null Ioannis Trontzas, null Tiffany Trouillon, null Jeanne Truong, null Christelle Tual, null Sarah Tubiana, null Helen Tuite, null Jean‐Marie Turmel, null Lance C. W. Turtle, null Anders Tveita, null Pawel Twardowski, null Makoto Uchiyama, null P. G. Ishara Udayanga, null Andrew Udy, null Roman Ullrich, null Alberto Uribe, null Asad Usman, null Timothy M. Uyeki, null Cristinava Vajdovics, null Piero Valentini, null Luís Val‐Flores, null Amélie Valran, null Stijn Van de Velde, null Marcel van den Berge, null Machteld Van der Feltz, null Job van der Palen, null Paul van der Valk, null Nicky Van Der Vekens, null Peter Van der Voort, null Sylvie Van Der Werf, null Laura van Gulik, null Jarne Van Hattem, null Carolien van Netten, null Ilonka van Veen, null Noémie Vanel, null Henk Vanoverschelde, null Pooja Varghese, null Michael Varrone, null Shoban Raj Vasudayan, null Charline Vauchy, null Shaminee Veeran, null Aurélie Veislinger, null Sebastian Vencken, null Sara Ventura, null Annelies Verbon, null James Vickers, null José Ernesto Vidal, null César Vieira, null Deepak Vijayan, null Joy Ann Villanueva, null Judit Villar, null Pierre‐Marc Villeneuve, null Andrea Villoldo, null Gayatri Vishwanathan, null Benoit Visseaux, null Hannah Visser, null Chiara Vitiello, null Harald Vonkeman, null Fanny Vuotto, null Noor Hidayu Wahab, null Suhaila Abdul Wahab, null Nadirah Abdul Wahid, null Marina Wainstein, null Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, null Chih‐Hsien Wang, null Steve Webb, null Jia Wei, null Katharina Weil, null Tan Pei Wen, null Sanne Wesselius, null T. Eoin West, null Murray Wham, null Bryan Whelan, null Nicole White, null Paul Henri Wicky, null Aurélie Wiedemann, null Surya Otto Wijaya, null Keith Wille, null Suzette Willems, null Virginie Williams, null Evert‐Jan Wils, null Xin Ci Wong, null Calvin Wong, null Yew Sing Wong, null Teck Fung Wong, null Natalie Wright, null Gan Ee Xian, null Lim Saio Xian, null Kuan Pei Xuan, null Ioannis Xynogalas, null Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, null Masaki Yamazaki, null Yazdan Yazdanpanah, null Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, null Cécile Yelnik, null Chian Hui Yeoh, null Stephanie Yerkovich, null Toshiki Yokoyama, null Hodane Yonis, null Obada Yousif, null Saptadi Yuliarto, null Akram Zaaqoq, null Marion Zabbe, null Kai Zacharowski, null Masliza Zahid, null Maram Zahran, null Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, null Maria Zambon, null Alberto Zanella, null Konrad Zawadka, null Nurul Zaynah, null Hiba Zayyad, null Alexander Zoufaly, null David Zucman, and null ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group
Published: 2022
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11. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital and intensive care in the first phase of the pandemic in Canada: a national cohort study

Author: Deepali Kumar, Daniel H Ovakim, Henry T. Stelfox, Joshua Solomon, Oleksa G. Rewa, William Dechert, Ari R. Joffe, Heather O'Grady, Francois Lamontagne, Robert A. Fowler, Anika Atique, Srinivas Murthy, Jennifer L Y Tsang, Demetrios J. Kutsogiannis, Matthew P. Cheng, Ellen Shadowitz, Yusing Gu, Michelle E. Kho, Wendy I. Sligl, Scott G Pharand, Asgar H. Rishu, Rebecca J. Kruisselbrink, Kirsten M. Fiest, Geraldine Goco, Tyler Pitre, Richard Hall, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Cassidy Codan, Ashleigh Swanson, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Todd C. Lee, Nick Daneman, Riley Reel, Gordon Wood, Gyan Sandhu, François Martin Carrier, Laurel Kelly, Katie O’Hearn, David Richardson, Jimmy M Hsu, Sarah Douglas, Kusum Menon, Brenda Reeve, Patrick Archambault, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, and Philippe Jouvet
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Canada, Adolescent, Critical Care, medicine.medical_treatment, Critical Illness, Comorbidity, Severity of Illness Index, law.invention, Young Adult, Interquartile range, law, Pregnancy, Intensive care, Health care, medicine, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Humans, Public Health Surveillance, Mortality, Pandemics, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Research, Incidence, COVID-19, Disease Management, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Intensive care unit, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, Emergency medicine, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, business, Cohort study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical data on patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provide clinicians and public health officials with information to guide practice and policy. The aims of this study were to describe patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital and intensive care, and to investigate predictors of outcome to characterize severe acute respiratory infection. METHODS: This observational cohort study used Canadian data from 32 selected hospitals included in a global multisite cohort between Jan. 24 and July 7, 2020. Adult and pediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who received care in an intensive care unit (ICU) and a sampling of up to the first 60 patients receiving care on hospital wards were included. We performed descriptive analyses of characteristics, interventions and outcomes. The primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality, with secondary analyses of the length of hospital and ICU stay. RESULTS: Between January and July 2020, among 811 patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19, the median age was 64 (interquartile range [IQR] 53-75) years, 495 (61.0%) were men, 46 (5.7%) were health care workers, 9 (1.1%) were pregnant, 26 (3.2%) were younger than 18 years and 9 (1.1%) were younger than 5 years. The median time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 7 (IQR 3-10) days. The most common symptoms on admission were fever, shortness of breath, cough and malaise. Diabetes, hypertension and cardiac, kidney and respiratory disease were the most common comorbidities. Among all patients, 328 received care in an ICU, admitted a median of 0 (IQR 0-1) days after hospital admission. Critically ill patients received treatment with invasive mechanical ventilation (88.8%), renal replacement therapy (14.9%) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (4.0%); 26.2% died. Among those receiving mechanical ventilation, 31.2% died. Age was an influential predictor of mortality (odds ratio per additional year of life 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.09). INTERPRETATION: Patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 commonly had fever, respiratory symptoms and comorbid conditions. Increasing age was associated with the development of critical illness and death; however, most critically ill patients in Canada, including those requiring mechanical ventilation, survived and were discharged from hospital.
Published: 2021

12. Diarrhea during critical illness: a multicenter cohort study

Author: Joanna C, Dionne, Lawrence, Mbuagbaw, John W, Devlin, Matthew S, Duprey, Rodrigo, Cartin-Ceba, Jennifer, Tsang, Kristen, Sullivan, John, Muscedere, Mohammed, Alshahrani, Wojciech, Szczeklik, Paul, Lysecki, Alyson, Takaoka, Brenda, Reeve, Tracy, Campbell, Karolina, Borowska, Wojciech, Serednicki, Robert, Cirone, Waleed, Alhazzani, Paul, Moayyedi, David, Armstrong, Lehana, Thabane, Roman, Jaeschke, Cindy, Hamielec, Tim, Karachi, Deborah J, Cook, and K, Borowska
Subjects: Adult, Diarrhea, Intensive Care Units, Enteral Nutrition, Critical Illness, Humans, Prospective Studies, Length of Stay
Abstract: To study the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of diarrhea during the stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).Prospective cohort of consecutive adults in the ICU for 24 h during a 10-week period across 12 intensive care units (ICUs) internationally. The explored outcomes were: (1) incidence of diarrhea, (2) Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD); (3) ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality in patients with diarrhea. We fit generalized linear models to evaluate the predictors, management, morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea.Among 1109 patients aged 61.4 (17.5) [mean (standard deviation)] years, 981(88.5%) were medical and 645 (58.2%) were mechanically ventilated. The incidence was 73.8% (818 patients, 73.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 71.1-76.6) using the definition of the World Health Organisation (WHO). Incidence varied across definitions (Bristol 53.5%, 95% CI 50.4-56.7; Bliss 37.7%, 95% CI 34.9-40.4). Of 99 patients with diarrhea undergoing CDAD testing, 23 tested positive (2.2% incidence, 95% CI 1.5-3.4). Independent predictors included enteral nutrition (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16-1.31, p 0.001), antibiotic days (RR 1.02, 95% CI 1.02-1.03, p 0.001), and suppositories (RR 1.14 95% CI 1.06-1.22, p 0.001). Opiates decreased diarrhea risk (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68-0.86, p 0.001). Diarrhea prompted management modifications (altered enteral nutrition or medications: RR 10.25, 95% CI 5.14-20.45, p 0.001) or other consequences (fecal management device or CDAD testing: RR 6.16, 95% CI 3.4-11.17, p 0.001). Diarrhea was associated with a longer time to discharge for ICU or hospital stay, but was not associated with hospital mortality.Diarrhea is common, has several predictors, and prompts changes in patient care, is associated with longer time to discharge but not mortality.
Published: 2021

13. Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Author: Peter Dodek, Lehana Thabane, Arnold S. Kristof, Michael G. Surette, Joanna C. Dionne, Francois Lamontagne, Ryan Zarychanski, James Kutsogiannis, Lauralyn McIntyre, David Williamson, Daniel Ovakim, Diane Heels-Ansdell, François Lauzier, Daphnée Lamarche, Dave Nagpal, Deborah J. Cook, Henry T. Stelfox, Neill K. J. Adhikari, Daniel J. Niven, Robert Cirone, Frédérick D’Aragon, Sangeeta Mehta, Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, Erick Duan, François Marquis, Charles St-Arnaud, Alberto Goffi, Paul Hosek, Eyal Golan, Osama Loubani, Kosar Khwaja, William R. Henderson, Jan O. Friedrich, Maureen O. Meade, John Granton, Jennifer L Y Tsang, Robert W. Taylor, Paul J Lysecki, John Muscedere, Yaseen M. Arabi, Endotracheal Colonization Trial (Prospect) Investigators, Tim Karachi, Richard I. Hall, M. Elizabeth Wilcox, Nicole Zytaruk, John Marshall, François Lellouche, Alexandra Binnie, Jennie Johnstone, Patrick Archambault, Martin Girard, Margaret S. Herridge, Wendy I. Sligl, Bram Rochwerg, Gordon Wood, Ian M Ball, Shane W. English, Emmanuel Charbonney, Sébastien Trop, Steve Reynolds, Brenda Reeve, Bojan Paunovic, and Pierre Aslanian
Subjects: Diarrhea, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Placebo, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Treatment Failure, education, Adverse effect, Aged, Original Investigation, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Probiotics, Hazard ratio, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, General Medicine, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Intensive care unit, Respiration, Artificial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Intensive Care Units, Female, business
Abstract: IMPORTANCE: Growing interest in microbial dysbiosis during critical illness has raised questions about the therapeutic potential of microbiome modification with probiotics. Prior randomized trials in this population suggest that probiotics reduce infection, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), although probiotic-associated infections have also been reported. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on preventing VAP, additional infections, and other clinically important outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized placebo-controlled trial in 44 ICUs in Canada, the United States, and Saudi Arabia enrolling adults predicted to require mechanical ventilation for at least 72 hours. A total of 2653 patients were enrolled from October 2013 to March 2019 (final follow-up, October 2020). INTERVENTIONS: Enteral L rhamnosus GG (1 × 10(10) colony-forming units) (n = 1321) or placebo (n = 1332) twice daily in the ICU. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was VAP determined by duplicate blinded central adjudication. Secondary outcomes were other ICU-acquired infections including Clostridioides difficile infection, diarrhea, antimicrobial use, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality. RESULTS: Among 2653 randomized patients (mean age, 59.8 years [SD], 16.5 years), 2650 (99.9%) completed the trial (mean age, 59.8 years [SD], 16.5 years; 1063 women [40.1%.] with a mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 22.0 (SD, 7.8) and received the study product for a median of 9 days (IQR, 5-15 days). VAP developed among 289 of 1318 patients (21.9%) receiving probiotics vs 284 of 1332 controls (21.3%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.03 (95% CI, 0.87-1.22; P = .73, absolute difference, 0.6%, 95% CI, –2.5% to 3.7%). None of the 20 prespecified secondary outcomes, including other ICU-acquired infections, diarrhea, antimicrobial use, mortality, or length of stay showed a significant difference. Fifteen patients (1.1%) receiving probiotics vs 1 (0.1%) in the control group experienced the adverse event of L rhamnosus in a sterile site or the sole or predominant organism in a nonsterile site (odds ratio, 14.02; 95% CI, 1.79-109.58; P
Published: 2021

14. The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response

Author: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Shingo Adachi, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Quratul Ain, Kate Ainscough, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Tanvir Alam, Tala Al-dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, João Melo Alves, Rita Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Heidi Ammerlaan, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Kazi Rubayet Anwar, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Rajeshwari Arali, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Ana Aroca, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Motohiro Asaki, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Sheharyar Ashraf, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J. Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Cheryl Bartone, Joaquín Baruch, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Diego Bastos, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Adam Betz, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Lucille Blumberg, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Matthew Brack, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Stephen Brett, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Alex Browne, Shaunagh Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Erlina Burhan, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Cam, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Chloe Carpenter, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Ed Carton, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Mobin Chaudary, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin-Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Hwa Jin Cho, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Anna Ciullo, Emma Clarke, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, J. Perren Cobb, Necsoi Coca, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sarah Cormican, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Alberto Cucino, Ailbhe Cullen, Caroline Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Andrew Dagens, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Federico D'Amico, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D’Aragon, Mark de Boer, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallée, Santi Dewayanti, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Devika Dixit, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Christl A. Donnelly, Maria Donnelly, Chloe Donohue, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Ciara Doran, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Jake Dunning, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Martina Escher, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Jeremy J. Farrar, Nataly Farshait, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Dr Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Nathalie Gagné, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Elena Gallego Curto, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Noelia García Barrio, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, praveen kumar ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Carlo Giaquinto, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Judy Gitahi, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Anthony Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Fabio Guarracino, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Olena Haidash, Saeeda Haider, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Matthew Hall, Sophie Halpin, Ansley Hamer, Raph Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez, Maxime Hentzien, Fivzia Herekar, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Daniel Herr, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Dawn Higgins, Eibhilin Higgins, Grainne HigginsOKeeffe, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Peter Horby, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Kota Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Palliya Guruge Pramodya Ishani Ishani, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Asami Ito, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Pierre Jaquet, Waasila Jassat, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Issrah Jawad, Denise Jaworsky, Devachandran Jayakumar, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, van der Palen Job, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N. Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Jennifer June, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Saima Kamal, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Ravi Kant, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Bipin Karki, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Christiana Kartsonaki, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Simreen Kaur Johal, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Paul Kellam, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Evelyne Kestelyn, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Sushil Khanal, Michelle E Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Volkan Korten, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Sudhir Krishnan, Vinothini Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, James Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Samantha Lissauer, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Samual MacDonald, Sarah MacDonald, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Juan Macias Sanchez, Jai Madhok, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Jose M. Mandei, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Kishore Mangal, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, Daniel Marino, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, Juan Fernado Masa Jimenez, David Maslove, Phillip Mason, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Lorraine McAndrew, Colin McArthur, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, Laura Merson, António Mesquita, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Giuliano Michelagnoli, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Ben Morton, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Muller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Namra N, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita A Nekliudov, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Bernardo Neves, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Alistair Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Conar O'Neil, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Andrés Orquera, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Clark Owyang, Eric Oziol, H M Upulee Pabasara, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Mario Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Prasan Kumar Panda, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Vieri Parrini, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Junaid Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Daniel Plotkin, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Mark G. Pritchard, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Matteo Puntoni, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Nipunie Rajapakse, Azrina Ralib, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Kollengode Ramanathan, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Ali Rehan, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Liliana Resende, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Doug Robb, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Julia Rodriguez Abreu, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Amanda Rojek, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Maria Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Xavier Sánchez Choez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Sandulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Raymond Savio, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Naoki Shimizu, Nahoko Shindo, Sally Shrapnel, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Budha Charan Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Monserrat Solis, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Samantha Strudwick, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey A Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Le Van Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Clarice Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Hussain Tanveer, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S. Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, David Thomson, Emma C. Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Duong Bich Thuy, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Timo Tolppa, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Damien Traynor, Théo Treoux, Huynh Trung Trieu, Swagata Tripathy, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Zubair Umer, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Cristinava Vajdovics, Luís Val-Flores, Ana Luiza Valle, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Marlice van Dyk, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Steven van Lelyveld, Carolien van Netten, Gitte Van Twillert, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Helen Vaughan, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steven Anthony Webb, Jia Wei, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Evert-Jan Wils, Ng Wing Yiu, Calvin Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Sophie Yacoub, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, ESTACA'Lab ( ESTACA'Lab ), École Supérieure des Techniques Aéronautiques et de Construction Automobile (ESTACA), Laboratoire d’Ingénierie Circulation Transport et Éco-gestion des systèmes énergétiques pour les transports (LICIT-Eco7), École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Gustave Eiffel, St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wichita State University, Indo-French Center for Groundwater Research (IFCGR), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), Department of Zoology [Rawalpindi, Pakistan], Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University = PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (AAUR), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Abbas A., Abdukahil S.A., Abdulkadir N.N., Abe R., Abel L., Absil L., Acharya S., Acker A., Adachi S., Adam E., Adriao D., Ageel S.A., Ahmed S., Ain Q., Ainscough K., Aisa T., Ait Hssain A., Ait Tamlihat Y., Akimoto T., Akmal E., Al Qasim E., Alalqam R., Alam T., Al-dabbous T., Alegesan S., Alegre C., Alessi M., Alex B., Alexandre K., Al-Fares A., Alfoudri H., Ali I., Ali Shah N., Alidjnou K.E., Aliudin J., Alkhafajee Q., Allavena C., Allou N., Altaf A., Alves J., Alves J.M., Alves R., Amaral M., Amira N., Ammerlaan H., Ampaw P., Andini R., Andrejak C., Angheben A., Angoulvant F., Ansart S., Anthonidass S., Antonelli M., Antunes de Brito C.A., Anwar K.R., Apriyana A., Arabi Y., Aragao I., Arali R., Arancibia F., Araujo C., Arcadipane A., Archambault P., Arenz L., Arlet J.-B., Arnold-Day C., Aroca A., Arora L., Arora R., Artaud-Macari E., Aryal D., Asaki M., Asensio A., Ashley E., Ashraf M., Ashraf S., Asim M., Assie J.B., Asyraf A., Atique A., Attanyake A.U.L., Auchabie J., Aumaitre H., Auvet A., Azemar L., Azoulay C., Bach B., Bachelet D., Badr C., Baig N., Baillie J.K., Baird J.K., Bak E., Bakakos A., Bakar N.A., Bal A., Balakrishnan M., Balan V., Bani-Sadr F., Barbalho R., Barbosa N.Y., Barclay W.S., Barnett S.U., Barnikel M., Barrasa H., Barrelet A., Barrigoto C., Bartoli M., Bartone C., Baruch J., Bashir M., Basmaci R., Basri M.F.H., Bastos D., Battaglini D., Bauer J., Bautista Rincon D.F., Bazan Dow D., Bedossa A., Bee K.H., Behilill S., Beishuizen A., Beljantsev A., Bellemare D., Beltrame A., Beltrao B.A., Beluze M., Benech N., Benjiman L.E., Benkerrou D., Bennett S., Bento L., Berdal J.-E., Bergeaud D., Bergin H., Bernal Sobrino J.L., Bertoli G., Bertolino L., Bessis S., Betz A., Bevilcaqua S., Bezulier K., Bhatt A., Bhavsar K., Bianchi I., Bianco C., Bidin F.N., Bikram Singh M., Bin Humaid F., Bin Kamarudin M.N., Bissuel F., Biston P., Bitker L., Blanco-Schweizer P., Blier C., Bloos F., Blot M., Blumberg L., Boccia F., Bodenes L., Bogaarts A., Bogaert D., Boivin A.-H., Bolze P.-A., Bompart F., Bonfasius A., Borges D., Borie R., Bosse H.M., Botelho-Nevers E., Bouadma L., Bouchaud O., Bouchez S., Bouhmani D., Bouhour D., Bouiller K., Bouillet L., Bouisse C., Boureau A.-S., Bourke J., Bouscambert M., Bousquet A., Bouziotis J., Boxma B., Boyer-Besseyre M., Boylan M., Bozza F.A., Brack M., Braconnier A., Braga C., Brandenburger T., Bras Monteiro F., Brazzi L., Breen D., Breen P., Brett S., Brickell K., Broadley T., Browne A., Browne S., Brozzi N., Brusse-Keizer M., Buchtele N., Buesaquillo C., Bugaeva P., Buisson M., Burhan E., Burrell A., Bustos I.G., Butnaru D., Cabie A., Cabral S., Caceres E., Cadoz C., Callahan M., Calligy K., Calvache J.A., Cam J., Campana V., Campbell P., Campisi J., Canepa C., Cantero M., Caraux-Paz P., Carcel S., Cardellino C.S., Cardoso F., Cardoso N., Cardoso S., Carelli S., Carlier N., Carmoi T., Carney G., Carpenter C., Carqueja I., Carret M.-C., Carrier F.M., Carroll I., Carson G., Carton E., Casanova M.-L., Cascao M., Casey S., Casimiro J., Cassandra B., Castaneda S., Castanheira N., Castor-Alexandre G., Castrillon H., Castro I., Catarino A., Catherine F.-X., Cattaneo P., Cavalin R., Cavalli G.G., Cavayas A., Ceccato A., Cervantes-Gonzalez M., Chair A., Chakveatze C., Chan A., Chand M., Chantalat Auger C., Chapplain J.-M., Chas J., Chaudary M., Chavez Iniguez J.S., Chen A., Chen Y.-S., Cheng M.P., Cheret A., Chiarabini T., Chica J., Chidambaram S.K., Chin-Tho L., Chirouze C., Chiumello D., Cho H.J., Cho S.-M., Cholley B., Chopin M.-C., Chow T.S., Chow Y.P., Chua H.J., Chua J., Cidade J.P., Cisneros Herreros J.M., Citarella B.W., Ciullo A., Clarke E., Clarke J., Claure Del Granado R., Clohisey S., Cobb J.P., Coca N., Codan C., Cody C., Coelho A., Coles M., Colin G., Collins M., Colombo S.M., Combs P., Connolly J., Connor M., Conrad A., Contreras S., Conway E., Cooke G.S., Copland M., Cordel H., Corley A., Cormican S., Cornelis S., Cornet A.D., Corpuz A.J., Cortegiani A., Corvaisier G., Costigan E., Couffignal C., Couffin-Cadiergues S., Courtois R., Cousse S., Cregan R., Crepy D'Orleans C., Croonen S., Crowl G., Crump J., Cruz C., Cruz Berm J.L., Cruz Rojo J., Csete M., Cucino A., Cullen A., Cullen C., Cummings M., Curley G., Curlier E., Curran C., Custodio P., da Silva Filipe A., Da Silveira C., Dabaliz A.-A., Dagens A., Dahly D., Dalton H., Dalton J., Daly S., D'Amico F., Daneman N., Daniel C., Dankwa E.A., Dantas J., D'Aragon F., de Boer M., de Loughry G., de Mendoza D., De Montmollin E., de Oliveira Franca R.F., de Pinho Oliveira A.I., De Rosa R., de Silva T., de Vries P., Deacon J., Dean D., Debard A., DeBenedictis B., Debray M.-P., DeCastro N., Dechert W., Deconninck L., Decours R., Defous E., Delacroix I., Delaveuve E., Delavigne K., Delfos N.M., Deligiannis I., Dell'Amore A., Delmas C., Delobel P., Delsing C., Demonchy E., Denis E., Deplanque D., Depuydt P., Desai M., Descamps D., Desvallee M., Dewayanti S., Diallo A., Diamantis S., Dias A., Diaz P., Diaz R., Diaz Diaz J.J., Didier K., Diehl J.-L., Dieperink W., Dimet J., Dinot V., Diop F., Diouf A., Dishon Y., Dixit D., Djossou F., Docherty A.B., Doherty H., Dondorp A.M., Dong A., Donnelly C.A., Donnelly M., Donohue C., Donohue S., Donohue Y., Doran C., Doran P., Dorival C., D'Ortenzio E., Douglas J.J., Douma R., Dournon N., Downer T., Downey J., Downing M., Drake T., Driscoll A., Dryden M., Duarte Fonseca C., Dubee V., Dubos F., Ducancelle A., Duculan T., Dudman S., Duggal A., Dunand P., Dunning J., Duplaix M., Durante-Mangoni E., Durham III L., Dussol B., Duthoit J., Duval X., Dyrhol-Riise A.M., Ean S.C., Echeverria-Villalobos M., Egan S., Eira C., El Sanharawi M., Elapavaluru S., Elharrar B., Ellerbroek J., Eloy P., Elshazly T., Elyazar I., Enderle I., Endo T., Eng C.C., Engelmann I., Enouf V., Epaulard O., Escher M., Esperatti M., Esperou H., Esposito-Farese M., Estevao J., Etienne M., Ettalhaoui N., Everding A.G., Evers M., Fabre I., Fabre M., Faheem A., Fahy A., Fairfield C.J., Fakar Z., Faria P., Farooq A., Farrar J.J., Farshait N., Fateena H., Fatoni A.Z., Faure K., Favory R., Fayed M., Feely N., Feeney L., Fernandes J., Fernandes M., Fernandes S., Ferrand F.-X., Ferrand Devouge E., Ferrao J., Ferraz M., Ferreira B., Ferreira S., Ferrer-Roca R., Ferriere N., Ficko C., Figueiredo-Mello C., Fiorda J., Flament T., Flateau C., Fletcher T., Florio L.L., Flynn B., Flynn D., Foley C., Foley J., Fomin V., Fonseca T., Fontela P., Forsyth S., Foster D., Foti G., Fourn E., Fowler R.A., Fraher D.M., Franch-Llasat D., Fraser C., Fraser J.F., Freire M.V., Freitas Ribeiro A., Friedrich C., Fritz R., Fry S., Fuentes N., Fukuda M., Gaborieau V., Gaci R., Gagliardi M., Gagnard J.-C., Gagne N., Gagneux-Brunon A., Gaiao S., Gail Skeie L., Gallagher P., Gallego Curto E., Gamble C., Gani Y., Garan A., Garcia R., Garcia Barrio N., Garcia-Diaz J., Garcia-Gallo E., Garimella N., Garot D., Garrait V., Gauli B., Gault N., Gavin A., Gavrylov A., Gaymard A., Gebauer J., Geraud E., Gerbaud Morlaes L., Germano N., ghisulal P.K., Ghosn J., Giani M., Giaquinto C., Gibson J., Gigante T., Gilg M., Gilroy E., Giordano G., Girvan M., Gissot V., Gitahi J., Giwangkancana G., Glikman D., Glybochko P., Gnall E., Goco G., Goehringer F., Goepel S., Goffard J.-C., Goh J.Y., Golob J., Gomes R., Gomez K., Gomez-Junyent J., Gominet M., Gonzalez A., Gordon P., Gordon A., Gorenne I., Goubert L., Goujard C., Goulenok T., Grable M., Graf J., Grandin E.W., Granier P., Grasselli G., Grazioli L., Green C.A., Greene C., Greenhalf W., Greffe S., Grieco D.L., Griffee M., Griffiths F., Grigoras I., Groenendijk A., Grosse Lordemann A., Gruner H., Gu Y., Guarracino F., Guedj J., Guego M., Guellec D., Guerguerian A.-M., Guerreiro D., Guery R., Guillaumot A., Guilleminault L., Guimaraes de Castro M., Guimard T., Haalboom M., Haber D., Habraken H., Hachemi A., Hadri N., Haidash O., Haider S., Haidri F., Hakak S., Hall A., Hall M., Halpin S., Hamer A., Hamers R., Hamidfar R., Hammond T., Han L.Y., Haniffa R., Hao K.W., Hardwick H., Harrison E.M., Harrison J., Harrison S.B.E., Hartman A., Hashmi J., Hashmi M., Hayat M., Hayes A., Hays L., Heerman J., Heggelund L., Hendry R., Hennessy M., Henriquez A., Hentzien M., Herekar F., Hernandez-Montfort J., Herr D., Hershey A., Hesstvedt L., Hidayah A., Higgins D., Higgins E., HigginsOKeeffe G., Hinchion R., Hinton S., Hiraiwa H., Hitoto H., Ho A., Ho Y.B., Hoctin A., Hoffmann I., Hoh W.H., Hoiting O., Holt R., Holter J.C., Horby P., Horcajada J.P., Hoshino K., Houas I., Hough C.L., Houltham S., Hsu J.M.-Y., Hulot J.-S., Hussain I., Ijaz S., Illes H.-G., Imbert P., Imran M., Imran Sikander R., Inacio H., Infante Dominguez C., Ing Y.S., Iosifidis E., Ippolito M., Isgett S., Ishani P.G.P.I., Isidoro T., Ismail N., Isnard M., Itai J., Ito A., Ivulich D., Jaafar D., Jaafoura S., Jabot J., Jackson C., Jamieson N., Jaquet P., Jassat W., Jaud-Fischer C., Jaureguiberry S., Javidfar J., Jawad I., Jaworsky D., Jayakumar D., Jego F., Jelani A.M., Jenum S., Jimbo-Sotomayor R., Job V.D.P., Joe O.Y., Jorge Garcia R.N., Joseph C., Joseph M., Joshi S., Jourdain M., Jouvet P., June J., Jung A., Jung H., Juzar D., Kafif O., Kaguelidou F., Kaisbain N., Kaleesvran T., Kali S., Kalicinska A., Kalomoiri S., Kamal S., Kamaluddin M.A.A., Kamaruddin Z.A.C., Kamarudin N., Kandamby D.H., Kandel C., Kang K.Y., Kant R., Kanwal D., Kanyawati D., Karki B., Karpayah P., Karsies T., Kartsonaki C., Kasugai D., Kataria A., Katz K., Kaur A., Kaur Johal S., Kawasaki T., Kay C., Keane H., Keating S., Kellam P., Kelly A., Kelly C., Kelly N., Kelly S., Kelly Y., Kelsey M., Kennedy R., Kennon K., Kernan M., Kerroumi Y., Keshav S., Kestelyn E., Khalid I., Khalid O., Khalil A., Khan C., Khan I., Khanal S., Kho M.E., Khoo D., Khoo R., Khoo S., Khoso N., Kiat K.H., Kida Y., Kiiza P., Kildal A.B., Kim J.B., Kimmoun A., Kindgen-Milles D., King A., Kitamura N., Klenerman P., Klont R., Kloumann Bekken G., Knight S., Kobbe R., Kodippily C., Kohns Vasconcelos M., Koirala S., Komatsu M., Korten V., Kosgei C., Kpangon A., Krawczyk K., Krishnan S., Krishnan V., Kruglova O., Kumar A., Kumar D., Kumar G., Kumar M., Kumar Vecham P., Kuriakose D., Kurtzman E., Kusumastuti N.P., Kutsogiannis D., Kutsyna G., Kyriakoulis K., Lachatre M., Lacoste M., Laffey J.G., Lagrange M., Laine F., Lairez O., Lakhey S., Lalueza A., Lambert M., Lamontagne F., Langelot-Richard M., Langlois V., Lantang E.Y., Lanza M., Laouenan C., Laribi S., Lariviere D., Lasry S., Latif N., Launay O., Laureillard D., Lavie-Badie Y., Law A., Lawrence C., Lawrence T., Le M., Le Bihan C., Le Bris C., Le Falher G., Le Fevre L., Le Hingrat Q., Le Marechal M., Le Mestre S., Le Moal G., Le Moing V., Le Nagard H., Le Turnier P., Leal E., Leal Santos M., Lee B.H., Lee H.G., Lee J., Lee S.H., Lee T.C., Lee Y.L., Leeming G., Lefebvre B., Lefebvre L., Lefevre B., LeGac S., Lelievre J.-D., Lellouche F., Lemaignen A., Lemee V., Lemeur A., Lemmink G., Lene H.S., Lennon J., Leon R., Leone M., Lepiller Q., Lescure F.-X., Lesens O., Lesouhaitier M., Lester-Grant A., Levy B., Levy Y., Levy-Marchal C., Lewandowska K., L'Her E., Li Bassi G., Liang J., Liaquat A., Liegeon G., Lim K.C., Lim W.S., Lima C., Lina B., Lina L., Lind A., Lingas G., Lion-Daolio S., Lissauer S., Liu K., Livrozet M., Lizotte P., Loforte A., Lolong N., Loon L.C., Lopes D., Lopez-Colon D., Loschner A.L., Loubet P., Loufti B., Louis G., Lourenco S., Lovelace-Macon L., Low L.L., Lowik M., Loy J.S., Lucet J.C., Lumbreras Bermejo C., Luna C.M., Lungu O., Luong L., Luque N., Luton D., Lwin N., Lyons R., Maasikas O., Mabiala O., MacDonald S., Machado M., Macheda G., Macias Sanchez J., Madhok J., Maestro de la Calle G., Mahieu R., Mahy S., Maia A.R., Maier L.S., Maillet M., Maitre T., Malfertheiner M., Malik N., Mallon P., Maltez F., Malvy D., Manda V., Mandei J.M., Mandelbrot L., Manetta F., Mangal K., Mankikian J., Manning E., Manuel A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque C., Marino D., Marino F., Markowicz S., Maroun Eid C., Marques A., Marquis C., Marsh B., Marsh L., Marshal M., Marshall J., Martelli C.T., Martin D.-A., Martin E., Martin-Blondel G., Martinelli A., Martin-Loeches I., Martinot M., Martin-Quiros A., Martins A., Martins J., Martins N., Martins Rego C., Martucci G., Martynenko O., Marwali E.M., Marzukie M., Masa Jimenez J.F., Maslove D., Mason P., Mason S., Masood S., Mat Nor B., Matan M., Mateus Fernandes H., Mathew M., Mathieu D., Mattei M., Matulevics R., Maulin L., Maxwell M., Maynar J., Mazzoni T., Mc Sweeney L., McAndrew L., McArthur C., McCarthy A., McCloskey C., McConnochie R., McDermott S., McDonald S.E., McElroy A., McElwee S., McEneany V., McEvoy N., McGeer A., McKay C., McKeown J., McLean K.A., McNally P., McNicholas B., McPartlan E., Meaney E., Mear-Passard C., Mechlin M., Meher M., Mehkri O., Mele F., Melo L., Memon K., Mendes J.J., Menkiti O., Menon K., Mentre F., Mentzer A.J., Mercier E., Mercier N., Merckx A., Mergeay-Fabre M., Mergler B., Merson L., Mesquita A., Metwally O., Meybeck A., Meyer D., Meynert A.M., Meysonnier V., Meziane A., Mezidi M., Michelagnoli G., Michelanglei C., Michelet I., Mihelis E., Mihnovit V., Miranda-Maldonado H., Misnan N.A., Mohamed N.N.E., Mohamed T.J., Moin A., Molina D., Molinos E., Molloy B., Mone M., Monteiro A., Montes C., Montrucchio G., Moore S., Moore S.C., Morales Cely L., Moro L., Morocho Tutillo D.R., Morton B., Motherway C., Motos A., Mouquet H., Mouton Perrot C., Moyet J., Mudara C., Mufti A.K., Muh N.Y., Muhamad D., Mullaert J., Muller F., Muller K.E., Munblit D., Muneeb S., Munir N., Munshi L., Murphy A., Murphy L., Murris M., Murthy S., Musaab H., Muyandy G., Myrodia D.M., N N., Nagpal D., Nagrebetsky A., Narasimhan M., Narayanan N., Nasim Khan R., Nazerali-Maitland A., Neant N., Neb H., Nekliudov N.A., Nelwan E., Neto R., Neumann E., Neves B., Ng P.Y., Nghi A., Nguyen D., Ni Choileain O., Ni Leathlobhair N., Nichol A., Nitayavardhana P., Nonas S., Noordin N.A.M., Noret M., Norharizam N.F.I., Norman L., Notari A., Noursadeghi M., Nowicka K., Nowinski A., Nseir S., Nunez J.I., Nurnaningsih N., Nyamankolly E., O Brien F., O'Callaghan A., Occhipinti G., OConnor D., O'Donnell M., Ogston T., Ogura T., Oh T.-H., O'Halloran S., O'Hearn K., Ohshimo S., Oldakowska A., Oliveira J., Oliveira L., Olliaro P.L., O'Neil C., Ong D.S.Y., Ong J.Y., Oosthuyzen W., Opavsky A., Openshaw P., Orakzai S., Orozco-Chamorro C.M., Orquera A., Ortoleva J., Osatnik J., O'Shea L., O'Sullivan M., Othman S.Z., Ouamara N., Ouissa R., Owyang C., Oziol E., Pabasara H.M.U., Pagadoy M., Pages J., Palacios A., Palacios M., Palmarini M., Panarello G., Panda P.K., Paneru H., Pang L.H., Panigada M., Pansu N., Papadopoulos A., Parke R., Parker M., Parra B., Parrini V., Pasha T., Pasquier J., Pastene B., Patauner F., Patel J., Pathmanathan M.D., Patrao L., Patricio P., Patrier J., Patterson L., Pattnaik R., Paul C., Paul M., Paulos J., Paxton W.A., Payen J.-F., Peariasamy K., Pedrera Jimenez M., Peek G.J., Peelman F., Peiffer-Smadja N., Peigne V., Pejkovska M., Pelosi P., Peltan I.D., Pereira R., Perez D., Periel L., Perpoint T., Pesenti A., Pestre V., Petrou L., Petrov-Sanchez V., Pettersen F.O., Peytavin G., Pharand S., Piagnerelli M., Picard W., Picone O., de Piero M., Pierobon C., Piersma D., Pimentel C., Pinto R., Pires C., Pironneau I., Piroth L., Pius R., Piva S., Plantier L., Plotkin D., Png H.S., Poissy J., Pokeerbux R., Pokorska-Spiewak M., Poli S., Pollakis G., Ponscarme D., Popielska J., Post A.-M., Postma D.F., Povoa P., Povoas D., Powis J., Prapa S., Preau S., Prebensen C., Preiser J.-C., Prinssen A., Pritchard M.G., Priyadarshani G.D.D., Proenca L., Pudota S., Puechal O., Pujo Semedi B., Pulicken M., Puntoni M., Purcell G., Quesada L., Quinones-Cardona V., Quiros Gonzalez V., Quist-Paulsen E., Quraishi M., Rabaa M., Rabaud C., Rabindrarajan E., Rafael A., Rafiq M., Ragazzo G., Rahman A.K.H.A., Rahman R.A., Rahutullah A., Rainieri F., Rajahram G.S., Rajapakse N., Ralib A., Ramakrishnan N., Ramanathan K., Ramli A.A., Rammaert B., Ramos G.V., Rana A., Rangappa R., Ranjan R., Rapp C., Rashan A., Rashan T., Rasheed G., Rasmin M., Ratsep I., Rau C., Ravi T., Raza A., Real A., Rebaudet S., Redl S., Reeve B., Rehan A., Rehman A., Reid L., Reikvam D.H., Reis R., Rello J., Remppis J., Remy M., Ren H., Renk H., Resende L., Resseguier A.-S., Revest M., Rewa O., Reyes L.F., Reyes T., Ribeiro M.I., Richardson D., Richier L., Ridzuan S.N.A.A., Riera J., Rios A.L., Rishu A., Rispal P., Risso K., Rivera Nunez M.A., Rizer N., Robb D., Robba C., Roberto A., Roberts S., Robertson D.L., Robineau O., Roche-Campo F., Rodari P., Rodeia S., Rodriguez Abreu J., Roessler B., Roger C., Roger P.-M., Roilides E., Rojek A., Romaru J., Roncon-Albuquerque Jr R., Roriz M., Rosa-Calatrava M., Rose M., Rosenberger D., Rossanese A., Rossetti M., Rossignol B., Rossignol P., Rousset S., Roy C., Roze B., Rusmawatiningtyas D., Russell C.D., Ryan M., Ryckaert S., Rygh Holten A., Saba I., Sadaf S., Sadat M., Sahraei V., Saint-Gilles M., Sakiyalak P., Salahuddin N., Salazar L., Saleem J., Sales G., Sallaberry S., Salmon Gandonniere C., Salvator H., Sanchez O., Sanchez Choez X., Sanchez de Oliveira K., Sanchez-Miralles A., Sancho-Shimizu V., Sandhu G., Sandhu Z., Sandrine P.-F., Sandulescu O., Santos M., Sarfo-Mensah S., Sarmento Banheiro B., Sarmiento I.C.E., Sarton B., Satyapriya S., Satyawati R., Saviciute E., Savio R., Savvidou P., Saw Y.T., Schaffer J., Schermer T., Scherpereel A., Schneider M., Schroll S., Schwameis M., Schwartz G., Scott J.T., Scott-Brown J., Sedillot N., Seitz T., Selvanayagam J., Selvarajoo M., Semaille C., Semple M.G., Senian R.B., Senneville E., Sepulveda C., 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G., Suen J.Y., Sukumar P., Sultana A., Summers C., Supic D., Suppiah D., Surovcova M., Suwarti S., Svistunov A.A., Syahrin S., Syrigos K., Sztajnbok J., Szuldrzynski K., Tabrizi S., Taccone F.S., Tagherset L., Taib S.M., Talarek E., Taleb S., Talsma J., Tampubolon M.L., Tan K.K., Tan L.V., Tan Y.C., Tanaka C., Tanaka H., Tanaka T., Taniguchi H., Tanveer H., Taqdees H., Taqi A., Tardivon C., Tattevin P., Taufik M.A., Tawfik H., Tedder R.S., Tee T.Y., Teixeira J., Tejada S., Tellier M.-C., Teoh S.K., Teotonio V., Teoule F., Terpstra P., Terrier O., Terzi N., Tessier-Grenier H., Tey A., Thabit A.A.M., Tham Z.D., Thangavelu S., Thibault V., Thiberville S.-D., Thill B., Thirumanickam J., Thompson S., Thomson D., Thomson E.C., Thurai S.R.T., Thuy D.B., Thwaites R.S., Tierney P., Tieroshyn V., Timashev P.S., Timsit J.-F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan B.K., Tissot N., Toh J.Z.Y., Toki M., Tolppa T., Tonby K., Tonnii S.L., Torres A., Torres M., Torres Santos-Olmo R.M., Torres-Zevallos H., Towers M., Trapani T., Traynor D., Treoux T., Trieu H.T., Tripathy S., Tromeur C., Trontzas I., Trouillon T., Truong J., Tual C., Tubiana S., Tuite H., Turmel J.-M., Turtle L.C.W., Tveita A., Twardowski P., Uchiyama M., Udayanga P.I., Udy A., Ullrich R., Umer Z., Uribe A., Usman A., Vajdovics C., Val-Flores L., Valle A.L., Valran A., Van de Velde S., van den Berge M., van der Feltz M., van der Valk P., Van Der Vekens N., Van der Voort P., Van Der Werf S., van Dyk M., van Gulik L., Van Hattem J., van Lelyveld S., van Netten C., Van Twillert G., van Veen I., Vanel N., Vanoverschelde H., Varghese P., Varrone M., Vasudayan S.R., Vauchy C., Vaughan H., Veeran S., Veislinger A., Vencken S., Ventura S., Verbon A., Vidal J.E., Vieira C., Vijayan D., Villanueva J.A., Villar J., Villeneuve P.-M., Villoldo A., Vinh Chau N.V., Visseaux B., Visser H., Vitiello C., Vonkeman H., Vuotto F., Wahab N.H., Wahab S.A., Wahid N.A., Wainstein M., Wan Muhd Shukeri W.F., Wang C.-H., Webb S.A., Wei J., Weil K., Wen T.P., Wesselius S., West T.E., Wham M., Whelan B., White N., Wicky P.H., Wiedemann A., Wijaya S.O., Wille K., Willems S., Williams V., Wils E.-J., Wing Yiu N., Wong C., Wong T.F., Wong X.C., Wong Y.S., Xian G.E., Xian L.S., Xuan K.P., Xynogalas I., Yacoub S., Yakop S.R.B.M., Yamazaki M., Yazdanpanah Y., Yee Liang Hing N., Yelnik C., Yeoh C.H., Yerkovich S., Yokoyama T., Yonis H., Yousif O., Yuliarto S., Zaaqoq A., Zabbe M., Zacharowski K., Zahid M., Zahran M., Zaidan N.Z.B., Zambon M., Zambrano M., Zanella A., Zawadka K., Zaynah N., Zayyad H., Zoufaly A., Zucman D., NIHR, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Abbas, A., Abdukahil, S. 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Z., Faure, K., Favory, R., Fayed, M., Feely, N., Feeney, L., Fernandes, J., Fernandes, M., Fernandes, S., Ferrand, F. -X., Ferrand Devouge, E., Ferrao, J., Ferraz, M., Ferreira, B., Ferreira, S., Ferrer-Roca, R., Ferriere, N., Ficko, C., Figueiredo-Mello, C., Fiorda, J., Flament, T., Flateau, C., Fletcher, T., Florio, L. L., Flynn, B., Flynn, D., Foley, C., Foley, J., Fomin, V., Fonseca, T., Fontela, P., Forsyth, S., Foster, D., Foti, G., Fourn, E., Fowler, R. A., Fraher, D. M., Franch-Llasat, D., Fraser, C., Fraser, J. F., Freire, M. V., Freitas Ribeiro, A., Friedrich, C., Fritz, R., Fry, S., Fuentes, N., Fukuda, M., Gaborieau, V., Gaci, R., Gagliardi, M., Gagnard, J. -C., Gagne, N., Gagneux-Brunon, A., Gaiao, S., Gail Skeie, L., Gallagher, P., Gallego Curto, E., Gamble, C., Gani, Y., Garan, A., Garcia, R., Garcia Barrio, N., Garcia-Diaz, J., Garcia-Gallo, E., Garimella, N., Garot, D., Garrait, V., Gauli, B., Gault, N., Gavin, A., Gavrylov, A., Gaymard, A., Gebauer, J., Geraud, E., Gerbaud Morlaes, L., Germano, N., Ghisulal, P. K., Ghosn, J., Giani, M., Giaquinto, C., Gibson, J., Gigante, T., Gilg, M., Gilroy, E., Giordano, G., Girvan, M., Gissot, V., Gitahi, J., Giwangkancana, G., Glikman, D., Glybochko, P., Gnall, E., Goco, G., Goehringer, F., Goepel, S., Goffard, J. -C., Goh, J. Y., Golob, J., Gomes, R., Gomez, K., Gomez-Junyent, J., Gominet, M., Gonzalez, A., Gordon, P., Gordon, A., Gorenne, I., Goubert, L., Goujard, C., Goulenok, T., Grable, M., Graf, J., Grandin, E. 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S., Lennon, J., Leon, R., Leone, M., Lepiller, Q., Lescure, F. -X., Lesens, O., Lesouhaitier, M., Lester-Grant, A., Levy, B., Levy, Y., Levy-Marchal, C., Lewandowska, K., L'Her, E., Li Bassi, G., Liang, J., Liaquat, A., Liegeon, G., Lim, K. C., Lim, W. S., Lima, C., Lina, B., Lina, L., Lind, A., Lingas, G., Lion-Daolio, S., Lissauer, S., Liu, K., Livrozet, M., Lizotte, P., Loforte, A., Lolong, N., Loon, L. C., Lopes, D., Lopez-Colon, D., Loschner, A. L., Loubet, P., Loufti, B., Louis, G., Lourenco, S., Lovelace-Macon, L., Low, L. L., Lowik, M., Loy, J. S., Lucet, J. C., Lumbreras Bermejo, C., Luna, C. M., Lungu, O., Luong, L., Luque, N., Luton, D., Lwin, N., Lyons, R., Maasikas, O., Mabiala, O., Macdonald, S., Machado, M., Macheda, G., Macias Sanchez, J., Madhok, J., Maestro de la Calle, G., Mahieu, R., Mahy, S., Maia, A. R., Maier, L. S., Maillet, M., Maitre, T., Malfertheiner, M., Malik, N., Mallon, P., Maltez, F., Malvy, D., Manda, V., Mandei, J. M., Mandelbrot, L., Manetta, F., Mangal, K., Mankikian, J., Manning, E., Manuel, A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, C., Marino, D., Marino, F., Markowicz, S., Maroun Eid, C., Marques, A., Marquis, C., Marsh, B., Marsh, L., Marshal, M., Marshall, J., Martelli, C. T., Martin, D. -A., Martin, E., Martin-Blondel, G., Martinelli, A., Martin-Loeches, I., Martinot, M., Martin-Quiros, A., Martins, A., Martins, J., Martins, N., Martins Rego, C., Martucci, G., Martynenko, O., Marwali, E. M., Marzukie, M., Masa Jimenez, J. F., Maslove, D., Mason, P., Mason, S., Masood, S., Mat Nor, B., Matan, M., Mateus Fernandes, H., Mathew, M., Mathieu, D., Mattei, M., Matulevics, R., Maulin, L., Maxwell, M., Maynar, J., Mazzoni, T., Mc Sweeney, L., Mcandrew, L., Mcarthur, C., Mccarthy, A., Mccloskey, C., Mcconnochie, R., Mcdermott, S., Mcdonald, S. E., Mcelroy, A., Mcelwee, S., Mceneany, V., Mcevoy, N., Mcgeer, A., Mckay, C., Mckeown, J., Mclean, K. A., Mcnally, P., Mcnicholas, B., Mcpartlan, E., Meaney, E., Mear-Passard, C., Mechlin, M., Meher, M., Mehkri, O., Mele, F., Melo, L., Memon, K., Mendes, J. J., Menkiti, O., Menon, K., Mentre, F., Mentzer, A. J., Mercier, E., Mercier, N., Merckx, A., Mergeay-Fabre, M., Mergler, B., Merson, L., Mesquita, A., Metwally, O., Meybeck, A., Meyer, D., Meynert, A. M., Meysonnier, V., Meziane, A., Mezidi, M., Michelagnoli, G., Michelanglei, C., Michelet, I., Mihelis, E., Mihnovit, V., Miranda-Maldonado, H., Misnan, N. A., Mohamed, N. N. E., Mohamed, T. J., Moin, A., Molina, D., Molinos, E., Molloy, B., Mone, M., Monteiro, A., Montes, C., Montrucchio, G., Moore, S., Moore, S. C., Morales Cely, L., Moro, L., Morocho Tutillo, D. R., Morton, B., Motherway, C., Motos, A., Mouquet, H., Mouton Perrot, C., Moyet, J., Mudara, C., Mufti, A. K., Muh, N. Y., Muhamad, D., Mullaert, J., Muller, F., Muller, K. E., Munblit, D., Muneeb, S., Munir, N., Munshi, L., Murphy, A., Murphy, L., Murris, M., Murthy, S., Musaab, H., Muyandy, G., Myrodia, D. M., N, N., Nagpal, D., Nagrebetsky, A., Narasimhan, M., Narayanan, N., Nasim Khan, R., Nazerali-Maitland, A., Neant, N., Neb, H., Nekliudov, N. A., Nelwan, E., Neto, R., Neumann, E., Neves, B., Ng, P. Y., Nghi, A., Nguyen, D., Ni Choileain, O., Ni Leathlobhair, N., Nichol, A., Nitayavardhana, P., Nonas, S., Noordin, N. A. M., Noret, M., Norharizam, N. F. I., Norman, L., Notari, A., Noursadeghi, M., Nowicka, K., Nowinski, A., Nseir, S., Nunez, J. I., Nurnaningsih, N., Nyamankolly, E., O Brien, F., O'Callaghan, A., Occhipinti, G., Oconnor, D., O'Donnell, M., Ogston, T., Ogura, T., Oh, T. -H., O'Halloran, S., O'Hearn, K., Ohshimo, S., Oldakowska, A., Oliveira, J., Oliveira, L., Olliaro, P. L., O'Neil, C., Ong, D. S. Y., Ong, J. Y., Oosthuyzen, W., Opavsky, A., Openshaw, P., Orakzai, S., Orozco-Chamorro, C. M., Orquera, A., Ortoleva, J., Osatnik, J., O'Shea, L., O'Sullivan, M., Othman, S. Z., Ouamara, N., Ouissa, R., Owyang, C., Oziol, E., Pabasara, H. M. U., Pagadoy, M., Pages, J., Palacios, A., Palacios, M., Palmarini, M., Panarello, G., Panda, P. K., Paneru, H., Pang, L. H., Panigada, M., Pansu, N., Papadopoulos, A., Parke, R., Parker, M., Parra, B., Parrini, V., Pasha, T., Pasquier, J., Pastene, B., Patauner, F., Patel, J., Pathmanathan, M. D., Patrao, L., Patricio, P., Patrier, J., Patterson, L., Pattnaik, R., Paul, C., Paul, M., Paulos, J., Paxton, W. A., Payen, J. -F., Peariasamy, K., Pedrera Jimenez, M., Peek, G. J., Peelman, F., Peiffer-Smadja, N., Peigne, V., Pejkovska, M., Pelosi, P., Peltan, I. D., Pereira, R., Perez, D., Periel, L., Perpoint, T., Pesenti, A., Pestre, V., Petrou, L., Petrov-Sanchez, V., Pettersen, F. O., Peytavin, G., Pharand, S., Piagnerelli, M., Picard, W., Picone, O., de Piero, M., Pierobon, C., Piersma, D., Pimentel, C., Pinto, R., Pires, C., Pironneau, I., Piroth, L., Pius, R., Piva, S., Plantier, L., Plotkin, D., Png, H. S., Poissy, J., Pokeerbux, R., Pokorska-Spiewak, M., Poli, S., Pollakis, G., Ponscarme, D., Popielska, J., Post, A. -M., Postma, D. F., Povoa, P., Povoas, D., Powis, J., Prapa, S., Preau, S., Prebensen, C., Preiser, J. -C., Prinssen, A., Pritchard, M. G., Priyadarshani, G. D. D., Proenca, L., Pudota, S., Puechal, O., Pujo Semedi, B., Pulicken, M., Puntoni, M., Purcell, G., Quesada, L., Quinones-Cardona, V., Quiros Gonzalez, V., Quist-Paulsen, E., Quraishi, M., Rabaa, M., Rabaud, C., Rabindrarajan, E., Rafael, A., Rafiq, M., Ragazzo, G., Rahman, A. K. H. A., Rahman, R. A., Rahutullah, A., Rainieri, F., Rajahram, G. S., Rajapakse, N., Ralib, A., Ramakrishnan, N., Ramanathan, K., Ramli, A. A., Rammaert, B., Ramos, G. V., Rana, A., Rangappa, R., Ranjan, R., Rapp, C., Rashan, A., Rashan, T., Rasheed, G., Rasmin, M., Ratsep, I., Rau, C., Ravi, T., Raza, A., Real, A., Rebaudet, S., Redl, S., Reeve, B., Rehan, A., Rehman, A., Reid, L., Reikvam, D. H., Reis, R., Rello, J., Remppis, J., Remy, M., Ren, H., Renk, H., Resende, L., Resseguier, A. -S., Revest, M., Rewa, O., Reyes, L. F., Reyes, T., Ribeiro, M. I., Richardson, D., Richier, L., Ridzuan, S. N. A. A., Riera, J., Rios, A. L., Rishu, A., Rispal, P., Risso, K., Rivera Nunez, M. A., Rizer, N., Robb, D., Robba, C., Roberto, A., Roberts, S., Robertson, D. L., Robineau, O., Roche-Campo, F., Rodari, P., Rodeia, S., Rodriguez Abreu, J., Roessler, B., Roger, C., Roger, P. -M., Roilides, E., Rojek, A., Romaru, J., Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, R., Roriz, M., Rosa-Calatrava, M., Rose, M., Rosenberger, D., Rossanese, A., Rossetti, M., Rossignol, B., Rossignol, P., Rousset, S., Roy, C., Roze, B., Rusmawatiningtyas, D., Russell, C. D., Ryan, M., Ryckaert, S., Rygh Holten, A., Saba, I., Sadaf, S., Sadat, M., Sahraei, V., Saint-Gilles, M., Sakiyalak, P., Salahuddin, N., Salazar, L., Saleem, J., Sales, G., Sallaberry, S., Salmon Gandonniere, C., Salvator, H., Sanchez, O., Sanchez Choez, X., Sanchez de Oliveira, K., Sanchez-Miralles, A., Sancho-Shimizu, V., Sandhu, G., Sandhu, Z., Sandrine, P. -F., Sandulescu, O., Santos, M., Sarfo-Mensah, S., Sarmento Banheiro, B., Sarmiento, I. C. E., Sarton, B., Satyapriya, S., Satyawati, R., Saviciute, E., Savio, R., Savvidou, P., Saw, Y. T., Schaffer, J., Schermer, T., Scherpereel, A., Schneider, M., Schroll, S., Schwameis, M., Schwartz, G., Scott, J. T., Scott-Brown, J., Sedillot, N., Seitz, T., Selvanayagam, J., Selvarajoo, M., Semaille, C., Semple, M. G., Senian, R. B., Senneville, E., Sepulveda, C., Sequeira, F., Sequeira, T., Serpa Neto, A., Serrano Balazote, P., Shadowitz, E., Shahidan, S. A., Shahnaz Hasan, M., Shamsah, M., Shankar, A., Sharjeel, S., Sharma, P., Shaw, C. A., Shaw, V., Shi, H., Shiban, N., Shiekh, M., Shiga, T., Shime, N., Shimizu, H., Shimizu, K., Shimizu, N., Shindo, N., Shrapnel, S., Shum, H. P., Si Mohammed, N., Siang, N. Y., Sibiude, J., Siddiqui, A., Sigfrid, L., Sillaots, P., Silva, C., Silva, M. J., Silva, R., Sim Lim Heng, B., Sin, W. C., Singh, B. C., Singh, P., Sitompul, P. A., Sivam, K., Skogen, V., Smith, S., Smood, B., Smyth, C., Smyth, M., Snacken, M., So, D., Soh, T. V., Solis, M., Solomon, J., Solomon, T., Somers, E., Sommet, A., Song, M. J., Song, R., Song, T., Song Chia, J., Sonntagbauer, M., Soom, A. M., Sotto, A., Soum, E., Sousa, A. C., Sousa, M., Sousa Uva, M., Souza-Dantas, V., Sperry, A., Spinuzza, E., Sri Darshana, B. P. S. R., Sriskandan, S., Stabler, S., Staudinger, T., Stecher, S. -S., Steinsvik, T., Stienstra, Y., Stiksrud, B., Stolz, E., Stone, A., Streinu-Cercel, A., Strudwick, S., Stuart, A., Stuart, D., Subekti, D., Suen, G., Suen, J. Y., Sukumar, P., Sultana, A., Summers, C., Supic, D., Suppiah, D., Surovcova, M., Suwarti, S., Svistunov, A. A., Syahrin, S., Syrigos, K., Sztajnbok, J., Szuldrzynski, K., Tabrizi, S., Taccone, F. S., Tagherset, L., Taib, S. M., Talarek, E., Taleb, S., Talsma, J., Tampubolon, M. L., Tan, K. K., Tan, L. V., Tan, Y. C., Tanaka, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, T., Taniguchi, H., Tanveer, H., Taqdees, H., Taqi, A., Tardivon, C., Tattevin, P., Taufik, M. A., Tawfik, H., Tedder, R. S., Tee, T. Y., Teixeira, J., Tejada, S., Tellier, M. -C., Teoh, S. K., Teotonio, V., Teoule, F., Terpstra, P., Terrier, O., Terzi, N., Tessier-Grenier, H., Tey, A., Thabit, A. A. M., Tham, Z. D., Thangavelu, S., Thibault, V., Thiberville, S. -D., Thill, B., Thirumanickam, J., Thompson, S., Thomson, D., Thomson, E. C., Thurai, S. R. T., Thuy, D. B., Thwaites, R. S., Tierney, P., Tieroshyn, V., Timashev, P. S., Timsit, J. -F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, B. K., Tissot, N., Toh, J. Z. Y., Toki, M., Tolppa, T., Tonby, K., Tonnii, S. L., Torres, A., Torres, M., Torres Santos-Olmo, R. M., Torres-Zevallos, H., Towers, M., Trapani, T., Traynor, D., Treoux, T., Trieu, H. T., Tripathy, S., Tromeur, C., Trontzas, I., Trouillon, T., Truong, J., Tual, C., Tubiana, S., Tuite, H., Turmel, J. -M., Turtle, L. C. W., Tveita, A., Twardowski, P., Uchiyama, M., Udayanga, P. I., Udy, A., Ullrich, R., Umer, Z., Uribe, A., Usman, A., Vajdovics, C., Val-Flores, L., Valle, A. L., Valran, A., Van de Velde, S., van den Berge, M., van der Feltz, M., van der Valk, P., Van Der Vekens, N., Van der Voort, P., Van Der Werf, S., van Dyk, M., van Gulik, L., Van Hattem, J., van Lelyveld, S., van Netten, C., Van Twillert, G., van Veen, I., Vanel, N., Vanoverschelde, H., Varghese, P., Varrone, M., Vasudayan, S. R., Vauchy, C., Vaughan, H., Veeran, S., Veislinger, A., Vencken, S., Ventura, S., Verbon, A., Vidal, J. E., Vieira, C., Vijayan, D., Villanueva, J. A., Villar, J., Villeneuve, P. -M., Villoldo, A., Vinh Chau, N. V., Visseaux, B., Visser, H., Vitiello, C., Vonkeman, H., Vuotto, F., Wahab, N. H., Wahab, S. A., Wahid, N. A., Wainstein, M., Wan Muhd Shukeri, W. F., Wang, C. -H., Webb, S. A., Wei, J., Weil, K., Wen, T. P., Wesselius, S., West, T. E., Wham, M., Whelan, B., White, N., Wicky, P. H., Wiedemann, A., Wijaya, S. O., Wille, K., Willems, S., Williams, V., Wils, E. -J., Wing Yiu, N., Wong, C., Wong, T. F., Wong, X. C., Wong, Y. S., Xian, G. E., Xian, L. S., Xuan, K. P., Xynogalas, I., Yacoub, S., Yakop, S. R. B. M., Yamazaki, M., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yee Liang Hing, N., Yelnik, C., Yeoh, C. H., Yerkovich, S., Yokoyama, T., Yonis, H., Yousif, O., Yuliarto, S., Zaaqoq, A., Zabbe, M., Zacharowski, K., Zahid, M., Zahran, M., Zaidan, N. Z. B., Zambon, M., Zambrano, M., Zanella, A., Zawadka, K., Zaynah, N., Zayyad, H., Zoufaly, A., Zucman, D., Intensive Care Medicine, and Group, The ISARIC Clinical Characterisation
Subjects: Biomedical Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical science, Global Health, Corrections, Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Pandemic, Economics, Humans, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group, Pandemics, COVID-19/epidemiology, Actuarial science, Information Dissemination, SARS-CoV-2, Comment, ISARIC, COVID-19, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Communicable Disease Control/methods, Infectious Diseases, Open source, Communicable Disease Control, Value (mathematics), Human
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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15. Keepsakes at the End of Life

Author: Thanh H. Neville, France Clarke, Alyson Takaoka, Marina Sadik, Meredith Vanstone, Peter Phung, Kristen Hjelmhaug, Jessica Hainje, Orla M. Smith, Allana LeBlanc, Neala Hoad, Benjamin Tam, Brenda Reeve, and Deborah J. Cook
Subjects: Adult, Palliative care, media_common.quotation_subject, Wish, Compassion, Bereaved family, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Intervention (counseling), Medicine, Humans, Family, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Nursing, media_common, Receipt, Terminal Care, business.industry, Palliative Care, Death, Intensive Care Units, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Adult intensive care unit, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neurology (clinical), business, Bereavement
Abstract: Context Keepsakes are a relatively unexplored form of bereavement support that is frequently provided as part of the 3 Wishes Project (3WP). The 3WP is a palliative care intervention in which individualized wishes are implemented in the adult intensive care unit for dying patients and their families. Objectives We aimed to characterize and enumerate the keepsakes that were created as part of the 3WP and to understand their value from the perspective of bereaved family members. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of family interviews during a multicenter study on the 3WP and characterized all wishes that involved keepsakes. Sixty interviews with family members regarding the 3WP were reanalyzed using qualitative analysis to identify substantive themes related to keepsakes. Results Of 730 patients, 345 (47%) received keepsakes as part of their participation in 3WP. Most keepsakes were either tangible items that served as reminders of the patient's presence (thumbprints and locks of hair) or technology-assisted items (photographs and word clouds). The median cost per keepsake wish was $8.50 (interquartile range $2.00–$25.00). Qualitative analysis revealed two major themes: keepsakes are tangible items that are highly valued by family members; and the creation of the keepsake with clinical staff is valued and viewed as a gesture of compassion. Conclusion Keepsakes are common wishes that clinicians in the intensive care unit are able to provide and sometimes cocreate with families when patients are dying. Both the offering to create the keepsake and receipt of the final product are perceived by family members as helpful.
Published: 2020

16. 814: ARTISTIC CREATIONS AS WISHES AT THE END-OF-LIFE IN THE 3 WISHES PROJECT

Author: France Clarke, Alyson Takaoka, Neala Hoad, Marisa Azad, Thanh Neville, Kristen Hjelmhaug, Danielle Bear, Shana Reitzenstein, Allegra Bell, Orla Smith, Allana LeBlanc, Francie Davidson, Kelsea Levesque, Benjamin Tam, Sarah McMullen, Jennifer Hancock, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, Marilyn Swinton, and Deborah Cook
Subjects: business.industry, Aesthetics, Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, business
Published: 2020
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17. [Untitled]

Author: France Clarke, Neala Hoad, Feli Toledo, Orla Smith, Denise Foster, Allana LeBlanc, Julie Lockington, Gyan Sandhu, Jennifer Hodder, Marlene Santos, Imrana Khalid, Xueqing Xu, Yuhan Kao, Maria Granone, Paige Guyatt, Peter Phung, John Arthur, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, and Thanh Neville
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, Wish, Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, business
Published: 2019
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18. Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Antacids in the Critically Ill Population: Stress Ulceration versus Nosocomial Pneumonia

Author: Deborah J. Cook, Brenda Reeve, and L. Cory Scholes
Subjects: Stress ulceration, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Peptic Ulcer, Epidemiology, Critical Illness, Sucralfate, Population, Gastroenterology, Stress, Physiological, Internal medicine, medicine, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Cross Infection, business.industry, Critically ill, Stress ulcer, medicine.disease, Lower incidence, Pneumonia, Infectious Diseases, Histamine H2 Antagonists, Anesthesia, Histamine-2 Receptor, Antacids, business, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, medicine.drug
Abstract: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether stress ulcer prophylaxis with histamine-2-receptor antagonists or antacids reduces mortality in critically ill patients. It appears that sucralfate results in a lower incidence of nosocomial pneumonia than either antacids or histamine-2-receptor antagonists. With respect to mortality, strong trends favored sucralfate over both antacids and histamine-receptor antagonists.
Published: 1994
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19. Serum Cortisol: A Predictor of Mortality in Sepsis?

Author: Ronald G. Pearl, Deborah J. Cook, Brenda Reeve, William McIlroy, Andrew R. Willan, and Gordon H. Guyatt
Subjects: Cortisol secretion, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Septic shock, Peritonitis, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Sepsis, Pneumonia, Internal medicine, Cellulitis, Immunology, Medicine, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, business, Serum cortisol
Abstract: To evaluate the pattern and predictive value of serum cortisol levels in severe septic shock, we studied 20 consecutive critically ill patients with severe sepsis. Serum cortisol levels were measured at time of diagnosis, at 12 and 24 hours, and daily for 5 days. Underlying diagnoses included pneumonia (n = 9), urosepsis (n = 5), peritonitis (n = 4), and cellulitis (n = 2). Two patterns of cortisol secretion were identified. In Group A, serum cortisol levels were greater than 400 nmol/L and gradually decreased (n = 14). In Group B, levels were less than 400 nmol/L and remained below normal (n = 6). In Group A, 2 patients died (14.3%), whereas in Group B, 5 died (83.3%) (p < 0.05). The Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) was higher, intitial serum cortisol levels were lower, and serum lactate levels were higher in the nonsurvivors. In a logistical regression model, SAPS was the only independent predictor of death; when this variable was removed from the model, decreased initial serum cortisol was also predictive. Increased serum lactate was strongly associated with mortality. There appears to be an association between decreased initial serum cortisol and mortality in patients with severe septic shock.
Published: 1992
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20. Prophylactic Diclectin reduces the incidence of postoperative vomiting

Author: Brenda Reeve, L. Cory Scholes, D. Norman Buckley, Denise Babineau, and Deborah J. Cook
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Nausea, medicine.drug_class, Sterilization, Tubal, Dicyclomine, Placebo, Double-Blind Method, medicine, Antiemetic, Humans, Tubal ligation, Pregnancy, Doxylamine, business.industry, Pyridoxine, General Medicine, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Surgery, Drug Combinations, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Treatment Outcome, Ambulatory Surgical Procedures, Anesthesia, Sample Size, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Vomiting, Antiemetics, Female, Laparoscopy, medicine.symptom, business, Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Abstract: Diclectin® (DCL) is an effective antiemetic used for relief of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. It is unknown whether DCL is effective in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We conducted a randomized, stratified, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to examine the incidence of PONV in women undergoing elective laparoscopic tubal ligation in the day surgery setting. DCL (doxylamine succinate 10 mg and pyridoxine hydrochloride 10 mg) was administered orally the night before surgery, the morning of surgery, and upon hospital discharge. We enrolled 146 women in the trial, 127 of whom were included in the effectiveness analysis and 102 of whom were included in the efficacy analysis. We did not detect a difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the first six hours postoperatively after adjusting for additional antiemetics administered. Patients receiving DCL as compared with placebo were significantly less likely to experience vomiting six to 24 hr postoperatively [5/59 (8.5%)vs 14/55 (25.4%),P < 0.0 17], Treated patients tended to return to work earlier than those who received placebo (1.74vs 3.7 daysP = NS). Perioperative oral DCL reduces the incidence of postoperative vomiting in women undergoing elective laparoscopic tubal ligation, and may accelerate return to work.
Published: 2004

21. Ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies: a Franco-Canadian survey

Author: Laurent Brochard, Jean-Damien Ricard, Brenda Reeve, Deborah J. Cook, Didier Dreyfuss, Melanie Wigg, and Jill Randall
Subjects: Artificial ventilation, medicine.medical_specialty, Ventilator circuit, Canada, Critical Care, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Audit, Suction, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Hospitals, University, Physician Executives, law, Intensive care, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Intensive care medicine, education, Decision Making, Organizational, Mechanical ventilation, Response rate (survey), education.field_of_study, Infection Control, Medical Audit, business.industry, Patient Selection, Intensive care unit, Respiration, Artificial, Cross-Sectional Studies, Practice Guidelines as Topic, France, business
Abstract: To determine the use of ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies in France and Canada.Binational cross-sectional survey.Intensive care unit (ICU) directors in French and Canadian university hospitals.We compared responses between countries regarding the use of seven circuit and secretion strategies, the rationales against their use, decisional responsibility for these strategies, whether ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) practice was audited, and whether VAP prevention guidelines addressing these strategies were used.The response rate was 72/84 (85.7%) for French and 31/32 (96.9%) for Canadian ICUs. Endotracheal intubation was predominantly oral in both countries. Changing the ventilator circuits only for every new patient was more frequent in France than in Canada (p.0001). Heated humidifiers were used more in Canada than France (p = .0003). Closed endotracheal suctioning was used more frequently in Canada (p.0001). In both countries, subglottic secretion drainage and kinetic beds were rarely used. Semirecumbent positioning was reported more often by French than Canadian ICUs (p = .003). Reasons for nonuse of these strategies included adverse effects (heat and moisture exchangers), cost (kinetic beds), lack of convincing benefit (subglottic secretion drainage), and nurse inconvenience (semirecumbency). Decisional responsibility for each strategy differed among institutions. VAP prevention practice was periodically reviewed in 53% of French and 68% of Canadian ICUs (p = .20). VAP prevention guidelines were used in 64% and 30% of these ICUs, respectively (p = .002).Our study does not support the notion that published recommendations substantially impact reported use of several ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies. Based on the use of more frequent ventilator circuit changes, closed suctioning systems, heated humidifiers, and respiratory therapists, ventilator circuit and secretion management practice appears more costly in Canada than in France.
Published: 2000

22. Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients Resolving Discordant Meta-Analyses

Author: Deborah J. Cook, Brenda Reeve, Gordon H. Guyatt, Lauren Griffith, Michael Tryba, Lisa Buckingham, and Daren K. Heyland
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Gastrointestinal bleeding, business.industry, Mortality rate, Stress ulcer, Population, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, law.invention, Sucralfate, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, business, education, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose. —To resolve discrepancies in previous systematic overviews and provide estimates of the effect of stress ulcer prophylaxis on gastrointestinal bleeding, pneumonia, and mortality in critically ill patients. Data Identification. —Computerized search of published and unpublished research, bibliographies, pharmaceutical and personal files, and conference abstract reports. Study Selection. —Independent review of 269 articles identified 63 relevant randomized trials for inclusion. Data Abstraction. —We made independent, duplicate assessment of the methodologic quality, population, intervention, and outcomes of each trial. Results. —The source of discrepancies between prior meta-analyses included incomplete identification of relevant studies, differential inclusion of non—English language and nonrandomized trials, different definitions of bleeding, provision of additional information through direct correspondence with authors, and different statistical methods. The current overview demonstrates that prophylaxis with histamine2-receptor antagonists decreases the incidence of overt gastrointestinal bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42 to 0.79) and clinically important bleeding (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.88). There is a trend toward decreased overt bleeding when antacids are compared with no therapy (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.17). Histamine2-receptor antagonists and antacids are associated with a trend toward lower clinically important bleeding rates than sucralfate is. There is a trend toward an increased risk of pneumonia associated with histamine2-receptor antagonists as compared with no prophylaxis (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.78 to 2.00). Sucralfate is associated with a lower incidence of nosocomial pneumonia when compared with antacids (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.15) and histamine2-receptor antagonists (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.01). Sucralfate is also associated with a reduced mortality rate (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.97) relative to antacids and to histamine2-receptor antagonists (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.09). Conclusions. —Our results emphasize the need for registries to include all randomized trials and demonstrate the importance of explicit methodology for systematic reviews. There is strong evidence of reduced clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding with histamine2-receptor antagonists. Sucralfate may be as effective in reducing bleeding as gastric pH—altering drugs and is associated with lower rates of pneumonia and mortality. However, the data are insufficient to determine the net effect of sucralfate compared with no prophylaxis. (JAMA. 1996;275:308-314)
Published: 1996
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23. Multidisciplinary Education for Oxygen Prescription

Author: Lauren Griffith, Brenda Reeve, Deborah J. Cook, Farouk Mookadam, and James C. Gibson
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Oxygenation, Tachypnea, law.invention, Hypoxemia, Randomized controlled trial, law, Oxygen therapy, Emergency medicine, Health care, Internal Medicine, medicine, Arterial blood, Medical prescription, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Objectives: To examine the oxygen-prescribing habits and monitoring patterns on a medical teaching ward and to review the literature in this area. Design: A continuous quality improvement study. Setting: A 29-bed medical clinical teaching unit in a 453-bed university-affiliated tertiary care hospital. Patients: We studied 50 consecutive patients who required 79 oxygen treatments. Methods: We recorded the indication, prescriber, documentation of prior hypoxemia, method and mode of delivery, oxygenation assessment after initiation, and duration of therapy. Results: Patients received oxygen for a mean (±SD) of 4.7±4.5 days. Oxygen therapy was ordered on a continuous basis 60.3% of the time. It was ordered by house staff in 54 cases (68%); nurses initiated oxygen therapy in 14 cases (18%) but discontinued it more often than any other health care workers. The most common indications for starting oxygen therapy were dyspnea and tachypnea. In 15 patients (30%), none of the American College of Chest Physicians and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria for starting oxygen therapy were fulfilled. For 16 patients (32%), arterial blood gas values were measured within 1 hour of oxygen administration; for 29 patients, oximetry was performed. For 9 patients (18%), no testing of adequate oxygenation was performed within 24 hours. Oxygenation status was assessed daily for 23 patients (46%). Conclusions: Oxygen prescribing and monitoring practices were suboptimal on our busy medical teaching ward. Practice guidelines based on best available evidence are needed to increase the efficiency of oxygen use. A physiologic, multidisciplinary educational focus on the benefits and hazards of supplemental oxygen is necessary, and randomized trials of such educational interventions should be conducted. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:1797-1801
Published: 1996
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24. Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically III Patients

Author: Deborah J. Cook, Gordon H. Guyatt, Lauren Griffith, Lisa Buckingham, Daren K. Heyland, Brenda Reeve, and Michael Tryba
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Gastrointestinal bleeding, business.industry, Stress ulcer, Mortality rate, Population, General Medicine, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, law.invention, Surgery, Sucralfate, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Meta-analysis, medicine, education, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose. —To resolve discrepancies in previous systematic overviews and provide estimates of the effect of stress ulcer prophylaxis on gastrointestinal bleeding, pneumonia, and mortality in critically ill patients. Data Identification. —Computerized search of published and unpublished research, bibliographies, pharmaceutical and personal files, and conference abstract reports. Study Selection. —Independent review of 269 articles identified 63 relevant randomized trials for inclusion. Data Abstraction. —We made independent, duplicate assessment of the methodologic quality, population, intervention, and outcomes of each trial. Results. —The source of discrepancies between prior meta-analyses included incomplete identification of relevant studies, differential inclusion of non—English language and nonrandomized trials, different definitions of bleeding, provision of additional information through direct correspondence with authors, and different statistical methods. The current overview demonstrates that prophylaxis with histamine2-receptor antagonists decreases the incidence of overt gastrointestinal bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42 to 0.79) and clinically important bleeding (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.88). There is a trend toward decreased overt bleeding when antacids are compared with no therapy (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.17). Histamine2-receptor antagonists and antacids are associated with a trend toward lower clinically important bleeding rates than sucralfate is. There is a trend toward an increased risk of pneumonia associated with histamine2-receptor antagonists as compared with no prophylaxis (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.78 to 2.00). Sucralfate is associated with a lower incidence of nosocomial pneumonia when compared with antacids (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.15) and histamine2-receptor antagonists (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.01). Sucralfate is also associated with a reduced mortality rate (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.97) relative to antacids and to histamine2-receptor antagonists (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.09). Conclusions. —Our results emphasize the need for registries to include all randomized trials and demonstrate the importance of explicit methodology for systematic reviews. There is strong evidence of reduced clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding with histamine2-receptor antagonists. Sucralfate may be as effective in reducing bleeding as gastric pH—altering drugs and is associated with lower rates of pneumonia and mortality. However, the data are insufficient to determine the net effect of sucralfate compared with no prophylaxis. (JAMA. 1996;275:308-314)
Published: 1996
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25. CorrespondenceCorrespondence: Top Grade Scientific Posts appointment on professional excellence groundsCorrespondence: Ethnic minorities and clinical psychologyCorrespondence: Psychological follow-up after release from prisonCorrespondence: Restriction of entry to the diplomaCorrespondence: For the attention of partially sighted or visually handicapped clinical psychologistsCorrespondence: Epidemiology of neck-tie designs

Author: Stephen White, Christopher Fenlon, J.S. Marzillier, Brenda Reeve, Adrian E.G. Skinner, Malcolm Walker, Nick Bolsover, F.N. Watts, and S.M. Gardner
Published: 1987
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26. ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Author: Abbas, Ali, Abdukahil, Sheryl Ann, Abdulkadir, Nurul Najmee, Abe, Ryuzo, Abel, Laurent, Absil, Lara, Jabal, Kamal Abu, Zayyad, Hiba Abu, Acharya, Subhash, Acker, Andrew, Adachi, Shingo, Adam, Elisabeth, Adriano, Enrico, Adrião, Diana, Ageel, Saleh Al, Ahmed, Shakeel, Aiello, Marina, Ainscough, Kate, Airlangga, Eka, Aisa, Tharwat, Hssain, Ali Ait, Tamlihat, Younes Ait, Akimoto, Takako, Akmal, Ernita, Qasim, Eman Al, Al-dabbous, Tala, Al-Fares, Abdulrahman, Alalqam, Razi, Alberti, Angela, Alegesan, Senthilkumar, Alegre, Cynthia, Alessi, Marta, Alex, Beatrice, Alexandre, Kévin, Alfoudri, Huda, Ali, Adam, Ali, Imran, Shah, Naseem Ali, Sheikh, Naseem Ali, Alidjnou, Kazali Enagnon, Aliudin, Jeffrey, Alkhafajee, Qabas, Allavena, Clotilde, Allou, Nathalie, Altaf, Aneela, Alves, João, Alves, João Melo, Alves, Rita, Amaral, Maria, Amira, Nur, Ammerlaan, Heidi, Ampaw, Phoebe, Andini, Roberto, Andrejak, Claire, Angheben, Andrea, Angoulvant, François, Ansart, Séverine, Anthonidass, Sivanesen, Antonelli, Massimo, de Brito, Carlos Alexandre Antunes, Anwar, Kazi Rubayet, Apriyana, Ardiyan, Arabi, Yaseen, Aragao, Irene, Arancibia, Francisco, Araujo, Carolline, Arcadipane, Antonio, Archambault, Patrick, Arenz, Lukas, Arlet, Jean-Benoît, Arnold-Day, Christel, Aroca, Ana, Arora, Lovkesh, Arora, Rakesh, Artaud-Macari, Elise, Aryal, Diptesh, Asaki, Motohiro, Asensio, Angel, Ashley, Elizabeth, Ashraf, Muhammad, Asif, Namra, Asim, Mohammad, Assie, Jean Baptiste, Asyraf, Amirul, Atique, Anika, Attanyake, A. M. Udara Lakshan, Auchabie, Johann, Aumaitre, Hugues, Auvet, Adrien, Axelsen, Eyvind W., Azemar, Laurène, Azoulay, Cecile, Bach, Benjamin, Bachelet, Delphine, Badr, Claudine, Bævre-Jensen, Roar, Baig, Nadia, Baillie, J. Kenneth, Baird, J Kevin, Bak, Erica, Bakakos, Agamemnon, Bakar, Nazreen Abu, Bal, Andriy, Balakrishnan, Mohanaprasanth, Balan, Valeria, Bani-Sadr, Firouzé, Barbalho, Renata, Barbosa, Nicholas Yuri, Barclay, Wendy S., Barnett, Saef Umar, Barnikel, Michaela, Barrasa, Helena, Barrelet, Audrey, Barrigoto, Cleide, Bartoli, Marie, Bartone, Cheryl, Baruch, Joaquín, Bashir, Mustehan, Basmaci, Romain, Basri, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin, Battaglini, Denise, Bauer, Jules, Rincon, Diego Fernando Bautista, Dow, Denisse Bazan, Beane, Abigail, Bedossa, Alexandra, Bee, Ker Hong, Begum, Husna, Behilill, Sylvie, Beiruti, Karine, Beishuizen, Albertus, Beljantsev, Aleksandr, Bellemare, David, Beltrame, Anna, Beltrão, Beatriz Amorim, Beluze, Marine, Benech, Nicolas, Benjiman, Lionel Eric, Benkerrou, Dehbia, Bennett, Suzanne, Bento, Luís, Berdal, Jan-Erik, Bergeaud, Delphine, Bergin, Hazel, Sobrino, José Luis Bernal, Bertoli, Giulia, Bertolino, Lorenzo, Bessis, Simon, Betz, Adam, Bevilcaqua, Sybille, Bezulier, Karine, Bhatt, Amar, Bhavsar, Krishna, Bianchi, Isabella, Bianco, Claudia, Bidin, Farah Nadiah, Singh, Moirangthem Bikram, Bin Humaid, Felwa, Bin Kamarudin, Mohd Nazlin, Bissuel, François, Biston, Patrick, Bitker, Laurent, Bitton, Jonathan, Blanco-Schweizer, Pablo, Blier, Catherine, Bloos, Frank, Blot, Mathieu, Blumberg, Lucille, Boccia, Filomena, Bodenes, Laetitia, Bogaarts, Alice, Bogaert, Debby, Boivin, Anne-Hélène, Bolze, Pierre-Adrien, Bompart, François, Bonelli, Patrizia, Bonfasius, Aurelius, Borges, Diogo, Borie, Raphaël, Bosse, Hans Martin, Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth, Bouadma, Lila, Bouchaud, Olivier, Bouchez, Sabelline, Bouhmani, Dounia, Bouhour, Damien, Bouiller, Kévin, Bouillet, Laurence, Bouisse, Camile, Bounphiengsy, Thipsavanh, Bountthasavong, Latsaniphone, Boureau, Anne-Sophie, Bourke, John, Bouscambert, Maude, Bousquet, Aurore, Bouziotis, Jason, Boxma, Bianca, Boyer-Besseyre, Marielle, Boylan, Maria, Bozza, Fernando Augusto, Braconnier, Axelle, Braga, Cynthia, Brandenburger, Timo, Monteiro, Filipa Brás, Brazzi, Luca, Breen, Dorothy, Breen, Patrick, Brickell, Kathy, Browne, Alex, Browne, Shaunagh, Brozzi, Nicolas, Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde, Brusse-Keizer, Marjolein, Buchtele, Nina, Buesaquillo, Christian, Bugaeva, Polina, Buisson, Marielle, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burhan, Erlina, Burrell, Aidan, Bustos, Ingrid G., Butnaru, Denis, Cabie, André, Cabral, Susana, Caceres, Eder, Cadoz, Cyril, Callahan, Mia, Calligy, Kate, Calvache, Jose Andres, Caminiti, Caterina, Camões, João, Campana, Valentine, Campbell, Paul, Campisi, Josie, Canepa, Cecilia, Cantero, Mireia, Caraux-Paz, Pauline, Cárcel, Sheila, Cardellino, Chiara Simona, Cardoso, Filipa, Cardoso, Filipe, Cardoso, Nelson, Cardoso, Sofia, Carelli, Simone, Carlacci, Francesca, Carlier, Nicolas, Carmoi, Thierry, Carney, Gayle, Carqueja, Inês, Carret, Marie-Christine, Carrier, François Martin, Carroll, Ida, Carson, Gail, Carvalho, Leonor, Casanova, Maire-Laure, Cascão, Mariana, Casey, Siobhan, Casimiro, José, Cassandra, Bailey, Castañeda, Silvia, Castanheira, Nidyanara, Castor-Alexandre, Guylaine, Castrillón, Henry, Castro, Ivo, Catarino, Ana, Catherine, François-Xavier, Cattaneo, Paolo, Cavalin, Roberta, Cavalli, Giulio Giovanni, Cavayas, Alexandros, Ceccato, Adrian, Cervantes-Gonzalez, Minerva, Chair, Anissa, Chakveatze, Catherine, Chan, Adrienne, Chand, Meera, Auger, Christelle Chantalat, Chapplain, Jean-Marc, Chas, Julie, Chatterjee, Allegra, Chaudry, Mobin, Iñiguez, Jonathan Samuel Chávez, Chen, Anjellica, Chen, Yih-Sharng, Cheng, Matthew Pellan, Cheret, Antoine, Chetta, Alfredo Antonio, Chiarabini, Thibault, Chica, Julian, Chidambaram, Suresh Kumar, Tho, Leong Chin, Chirouze, Catherine, Chiumello, Davide, Cho, Hwa Jin, Cho, Sung-Min, Cholley, Bernard, Chommanam, Danoy, Chopin, Marie-Charlotte, Chow, Ting Soo, Chow, Yock Ping, Christy, Nathaniel, Chua, Hiu Jian, Chua, Jonathan, Cidade, Jose Pedro, Herreros, José Miguel Cisneros, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Ciullo, Anna, Clarke, Emma, Clarke, Jennifer, Granado, Rolando Claure-Del, Clohisey, Sara, Cobb, Perren J., Codan, Cassidy, Cody, Caitriona, Coelho, Alexandra, Coles, Megan, Colin, Gwenhaël, Collins, Michael, Colombo, Sebastiano Maria, Combs, Pamela, Connor, Marie, Conrad, Anne, Contreras, Sofía, Conway, Elaine, Cooke, Graham S., Copland, Mary, Cordel, Hugues, Corley, Amanda, Cornelis, Sabine, Cornet, Alexander Daniel, Corpuz, Arianne Joy, Cortegiani, Andrea, Corvaisier, Grégory, Costigan, Emma, Couffignal, Camille, Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine, Courtois, Roxane, Cousse, Stéphanie, Cregan, Rachel, D’Orleans, Charles Crepy, Croonen, Sabine, Crowl, Gloria, Crump, Jonathan, Cruz, Claudina, Berm, Juan Luis Cruz, Rojo, Jaime Cruz, Csete, Marc, Cucino, Alberto, Cullen, Ailbhe, Cummings, Matthew, Curley, Ger, Curley, Gerard, Curlier, Elodie, Curran, Colleen, Custodio, Paula, D’Amico, Federico, D’Aragon, Frédérick, D’Ortenzio, Eric, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Da Silveira, Charlene, Dabaliz, Al-Awwab, Dagens, Andrew, Dahl, John Arne, Dahly, Darren, Dalton, Heidi, Dalton, Jo, Daly, Seamus, Daneman, Nick, Daniel, Corinne, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Dantas, Jorge, de Boer, Mark, de Loughry, Gillian, de Mendoza, Diego, De Montmollin, Etienne, de Oliveira França, Rafael Freitas, Oliveira, Ana Isabel de Pinho, De Rosa, Rosanna, De Rose, Cristina, de Silva, Thushan, de Vries, Peter, Deacon, Jillian, Dean, David, Debard, Alexa, DeBenedictis, Bianca, Debray, Marie-Pierre, DeCastro, Nathalie, Dechert, William, Deconninck, Lauren, Decours, Romain, Defous, Eve, Delacroix, Isabelle, Delaveuve, Eric, Delavigne, Karen, Delfos, Nathalie M., Deligiannis, Ionna, Dell’Amore, Andrea, Delmas, Christelle, Delobel, Pierre, Delsing, Corine, Demonchy, Elisa, Denis, Emmanuelle, Deplanque, Dominique, Depuydt, Pieter, Desai, Mehul, Descamps, Diane, Desvallées, Mathilde, Dewayanti, Santi, Dhanger, Pathik, Diallo, Alpha, Diamantis, Sylvain, Dias, André, Dias, Andrea, Diaz, Juan Jose, Diaz, Priscila, Diaz, Rodrigo, Didier, Kévin, Diehl, Jean-Luc, Dieperink, Wim, Dimet, Jérôme, Dinot, Vincent, Diop, Fara, Diouf, Alphonsine, Dishon, Yael, Djossou, Félix, Docherty, Annemarie B., Doherty, Helen, Dondorp, Arjen M, Dong, Andy, Donnelly, Christl A., Donnelly, Maria, Donohue, Chloe, Donohue, Sean, Donohue, Yoann, Doran, Peter, Dorival, Céline, Douangdala, Phouvieng, Douglas, James Joshua, Douma, Renee, Dournon, Nathalie, Downer, Triona, Downey, Joanne, Downing, Mark, Drake, Tom, Driscoll, Aoife, Dror, Amiel A., Dryden, Murray, Fonseca, Claudio Duarte, Dubee, Vincent, Dubos, François, Dubot-Pérès, Audrey, Ducancelle, Alexandre, Duculan, Toni, Dudman, Susanne, Duggal, Abhijit, Dunand, Paul, Dunning, Jake, Duplaix, Mathilde, Durante-Mangoni, Emanuele, Durham III, Lucian, Dussol, Bertrand, Duthoit, Juliette, Duval, Xavier, Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Margarita, Ean, Sim Choon, Echeverria-Villalobos, Marco, Economopoulos, Giorgio, Edelstein, Michael, Egan, Siobhan, Eggesbø, Linn Margrete, Eira, Carla, El Sanharawi, Mohammed, Elapavaluru, Subbarao, Elharrar, Brigitte, Ellerbroek, Jacobien, Ellingjord-Dale, Merete, Eloy, Philippine, Elshazly, Tarek, Elyazar, Iqbal, Enderle, Isabelle, Endo, Tomoyuki, Eng, Chan Chee, Engelmann, Ilka, Enouf, Vincent, Epaulard, Olivier, Escher, Martina, Esperatti, Mariano, Esperou, Hélène, Esposito-Farese, Marina, Estevão, João, Etienne, Manuel, Ettalhaoui, Nadia, Everding, Anna Greti, Evers, Mirjam, Fabre, Isabelle, Fabre, Marc, Faheem, Amna, Fahy, Arabella, Fairfield, Cameron J., Fakar, Zul, Fareed, Komal, Faria, Pedro, Farooq, Ahmed, Fateena, Hanan, Fatoni, Arie Zainul, Faure, Karine, Favory, Raphaël, Fayed, Mohamed, Feely, Niamh, Feeney, Laura, Fernandes, Jorge, Fernandes, Marília Andreia, Fernandes, Susana, Ferrand, François-Xavier, Devouge, Eglantine Ferrand, Ferrão, Joana, Ferrari, Carlo, Ferraz, Mário, Ferreira, Benigno, Ferreira, Isabel, Ferreira, Sílvia, Ferrer-Roca, Ricard, Ferriere, Nicolas, Ficko, Céline, Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia, Finlayson, William, Fiorda, Juan, Flament, Thomas, Flateau, Clara, Fletcher, Tom, Florio, Letizia Lucia, Flynn, Brigid, Flynn, Deirdre, Fogliazza, Federica, Foley, Claire, Foley, Jean, Fomin, Victor, Fonseca, Tatiana, Fontela, Patricia, Forsyth, Simon, Foster, Denise, Foti, Giuseppe, Fourn, Erwan, Fowler, Robert A., Fraher, Marianne, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Fraser, Christophe, Fraser, John F, Freire, Marcela Vieira, Ribeiro, Ana Freitas, French, Craig, Friedrich, Caren, Fritz, Ricardo, Fry, Stéphanie, Fuentes, Nora, Fukuda, Masahiro, Argin, G, Gaborieau, Valérie, Gaci, Rostane, Gagliardi, Massimo, Gagnard, Jean-Charles, Gagné, Nathalie, Gagneux-Brunon, Amandine, Gaião, Sérgio, Skeie, Linda Gail, Gallagher, Phil, Curto, Elena Gallego, Gamble, Carrol, Gani, Yasmin, Garan, Arthur, Garcia, Rebekha, Barrio, Noelia García, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Garcia-Gallo, Esteban, Garimella, Navya, Garofalo, Federica, Garot, Denis, Garrait, Valérie, Gauli, Basanta, Gault, Nathalie, Gavin, Aisling, Gavrylov, Anatoliy, Gaymard, Alexandre, Gebauer, Johannes, Geraud, Eva, Morlaes, Louis Gerbaud, Germano, Nuno, Ghisulal, Praveen Kumar, Ghosn, Jade, Giani, Marco, Giaquinto, Carlo, Gibson, Jess, Gigante, Tristan, Gilg, Morgane, Gilroy, Elaine, Giordano, Guillermo, Girvan, Michelle, Gissot, Valérie, Gitaka, Jesse, Giwangkancana, Gezy, Glikman, Daniel, Glybochko, Petr, Gnall, Eric, Goco, Geraldine, Goehringer, François, Goepel, Siri, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Goh, Jin Yi, Golob, Jonathan, Gomes, Rui, Gomez, Kyle, Gómez-Junyent, Joan, Gominet, Marie, Gonçalves, Bronner P., Gonzalez, Alicia, Gordon, Patricia, Gorelik, Yanay, Gorenne, Isabelle, Goubert, Laure, Goujard, Cécile, Goulenok, Tiphaine, Grable, Margarite, Graf, Jeronimo, Grandin, Edward Wilson, Granier, Pascal, Grasselli, Giacomo, Grazioli, Lorenzo, Green, Christopher A., Greene, Courtney, Greenhalf, William, Greffe, Segolène, Grieco, Domenico Luca, Griffee, Matthew, Griffiths, Fiona, Grigoras, Ioana, Groenendijk, Albert, Lordemann, Anja Grosse, Gruner, Heidi, Gu, Yusing, Guarracino, Fabio, Guedj, Jérémie, Guego, Martin, Guellec, Dewi, Guerguerian, Anne-Marie, Guerreiro, Daniela, Guery, Romain, Guillaumot, Anne, Guilleminault, Laurent, de Castro, Maisa Guimarães, Guimard, Thomas, Haalboom, Marieke, Haber, Daniel, Habraken, Hannah, Hachemi, Ali, Hackmann, Amy, Hadri, Nadir, Haidri, Fakhir, Hakak, Sheeba, Hall, Adam, Hall, Matthew, Halpin, Sophie, Hameed, Jawad, Hamer, Ansley, Hamers, Raph L., Hamidfar, Rebecca, Hammarström, Bato, Hammond, Terese, Han, Lim Yuen, Haniffa, Rashan, Hao, Kok Wei, Hardwick, Hayley, Harrison, Ewen M., Harrison, Janet, Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow, Hartman, Alan, Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz, Hashmi, Junaid, Hashmi, Madiha, Hayes, Ailbhe, Hays, Leanne, Heerman, Jan, Heggelund, Lars, Hendry, Ross, Hennessy, Martina, Henriquez-Trujillo, Aquiles, Hentzien, Maxime, Hernandez-Montfort, Jaime, Herr, Daniel, Hershey, Andrew, Hesstvedt, Liv, Hidayah, Astarini, Higgins, Dawn, Higgins, Eibhilin, Hinchion, Rita, Hinton, Samuel, Hiraiwa, Hiroaki, Hirkani, Haider, Hitoto, Hikombo, Ho, Antonia, Ho, Yi Bin, Hoctin, Alexandre, Hoffmann, Isabelle, Hoh, Wei Han, Hoiting, Oscar, Holt, Rebecca, Holter, Jan Cato, Horby, Peter, Horcajada, Juan Pablo, Hoshino, Koji, Hoshino, Kota, Houas, Ikram, Hough, Catherine L., Houltham, Stuart, Hsu, Jimmy Ming-Yang, Hulot, Jean-Sébastien, Huo, Stella, Hussain, Iqbal, Ijaz, Samreen, Illes, Hajnal-Gabriela, Imbert, Patrick, Imran, Mohammad, Sikander, Rana Imran, Imtiaz, Aftab, Inácio, Hugo, Dominguez, Carmen Infante, Ing, Yun Sii, Iosifidis, Elias, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Isgett, Sarah, Isidoro, Tiago, Ismail, Nadiah, Isnard, Margaux, Istre, Mette Stausland, Itai, Junji, Ito, Asami, Ivulich, Daniel, Jaafar, Danielle, Jaafoura, Salma, Jabot, Julien, Jackson, Clare, Jamieson, Nina, Jaquet, Pierre, Jassat, Waasila, Jaud-Fischer, Coline, Jaureguiberry, Stéphane, Javidfar, Jeffrey, Jaworsky, Denise, Jego, Florence, Jelani, Anilawati Mat, Jenum, Synne, Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ruth, Joe, Ong Yiaw, García, Ruth N. Jorge, Jørgensen, Silje Bakken, Joseph, Cédric, Joseph, Mark, Joshi, Swosti, Jourdain, Mercé, Jouvet, Philippe, June, Jennifer, Jung, Anna, Jung, Hanna, Juzar, Dafsah, Kafif, Ouifiya, Kaguelidou, Florentia, Kaisbain, Neerusha, Kaleesvran, Thavamany, Kali, Sabina, Kalicinska, Alina, Kalleberg, Karl Trygve, Kalomoiri, Smaragdi, Kamaluddin, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi, Kamaruddin, Zul Amali Che, Kamarudin, Nadiah, Kamineni, Kavita, Kandamby, Darshana Hewa, Kandel, Chris, Kang, Kong Yeow, Kanwal, Darakhshan, Kanyawati, Dyah, Karpayah, Pratap, Karsies, Todd, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Kasugai, Daisuke, Kataria, Anant, Katz, Kevin, Kaur, Aasmine, Kawasaki, Tatsuya, Kay, Christy, Keane, Hannah, Keating, Seán, Kedia, Pulak, Kelly, Andrea, Kelly, Aoife, Kelly, Claire, Kelly, Niamh, Kelly, Sadie, Kelly, Yvelynne, Kelsey, Maeve, Kennedy, Ryan, Kennon, Kalynn, Keomany, Sommay, Kernan, Maeve, Kerroumi, Younes, Keshav, Sharma, Kestelyn, Evelyne, Khalid, Imrana, Khalid, Osama, Khalil, Antoine, Khan, Coralie, Khan, Irfan, Khan, Quratul Ain, Khanal, Sushil, Khatak, Abid, Khawaja, Amin, Kherajani, Krish, Kho, Michelle E., Khoo, Denisa, Khoo, Ryan, Khoo, Saye, Khoso, Nasir, Kiat, Khor How, Kida, Yuri, Kihuga, Harrison, Kiiza, Peter, Granerud, Beathe Kiland, Kildal, Anders Benjamin, Kim, Jae Burm, Kimmoun, Antoine, Kindgen-Milles, Detlef, King, Alexander, Kitamura, Nobuya, Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland, Klenerman, Paul, Klont, Rob, Bekken, Gry Kloumann, Knight, Stephen R, Kobbe, Robin, Kodippily, Chamira, Vasconcelos, Malte Kohns, Koirala, Sabin, Komatsu, Mamoru, Korten, Volkan, Kosgei, Caroline, Kpangon, Arsène, Krawczyk, Karolina, Krishnan, Sudhir, Krishnan, Vinothini, Kruglova, Oksana, Kumar, Deepali, Kumar, Ganesh, Kumar, Mukesh, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kuriakose, Dinesh, Kurtzman, Ethan, Kusumastuti, Neurinda Permata, Kutsogiannis, Demetrios, Kutsyna, Galyna, Kyriakoulis, Konstantinos, L’Her, Erwan, Lachatre, Marie, Lacoste, Marie, Laffey, John G., Lagrange, Marie, Laine, Fabrice, Lairez, Olivier, Lakhey, Sanjay, Lalueza, Antonio, Lambert, Marc, Lamontagne, François, Langelot-Richard, Marie, Langlois, Vincent, Lantang, Eka Yudha, Lanza, Marina, Laouénan, Cédric, Laribi, Samira, Lariviere, Delphine, Lasry, Stéphane, Lath, Sakshi, Latif, Naveed, Launay, Odile, Laureillard, Didier, Lavie-Badie, Yoan, Law, Andrew, Law, Andy, Lawrence, Cassie, Lawrence, Teresa, Le, Minh, Le Bihan, Clément, Le Bris, Cyril, Le Falher, Georges, Le Fevre, Lucie, Le Hingrat, Quentin, Le Maréchal, Marion, Le Mestre, Soizic, Le Moal, Gwenaël, Le Moing, Vincent, Le Nagard, Hervé, Le Turnier, Paul, Leal, Ema, Santos, Marta Leal, Lee, Biing Horng, Lee, Heng Gee, Lee, James, Lee, Su Hwan, Lee, Todd C., Lee, Yi Lin, Leeming, Gary, Lefebvre, Bénédicte, Lefebvre, Laurent, Lefevre, Benjamin, LeGac, Sylvie, Lelievre, Jean-Daniel, Lellouche, François, Lemaignen, Adrien, Lemee, Véronique, Lemeur, Anthony, Lemmink, Gretchen, Lene, Ha Sha, Lennon, Jenny, León, Rafael, Leone, Marc, Leone, Michela, Lepiller, Quentin, Lescure, François-Xavier, Lesens, Olivier, Lesouhaitier, Mathieu, Lester-Grant, Amy, Letizia, Andrew, Levy, Bruno, Levy, Yves, Levy-Marchal, Claire, Lewandowska, Katarzyna, Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Liang, Janet, Liaquat, Ali, Liegeon, Geoffrey, Lim, Kah Chuan, Lim, Wei Shen, Lima, Chantre, Lina, Bruno, Lina, Lim, Lind, Andreas, Lingad, Maja Katherine, Lingas, Guillaume, Lion-Daolio, Sylvie, Lissauer, Samantha, Liu, Keibun, Livrozet, Marine, Lizotte, Patricia, Loforte, Antonio, Lolong, Navy, Loon, Leong Chee, Lopes, Diogo, Lopez-Colon, Dalia, Loschner, Anthony L., Loubet, Paul, Loufti, Bouchra, Louis, Guillame, Lourenco, Silvia, Lovelace-Macon, Lara, Low, Lee Lee, Lowik, Marije, Loy, Jia Shyi, Lucet, Jean Christophe, Bermejo, Carlos Lumbreras, Luna, Carlos M., Lungu, Olguta, Luong, Liem, Luque, Nestor, Luton, Dominique, Lwin, Nilar, Lyons, Ruth, Maasikas, Olavi, Mabiala, Oryane, MacDonald, Sarah, Machado, Moïse, Macheda, Gabriel, Sanchez, Juan Macias, Madhok, Jai, Madiha, Hashmi, de la Calle, Guillermo Maestro, Magara, Jacob, Maglietta, Giuseppe, Mahieu, Rafael, Mahy, Sophie, Maia, Ana Raquel, Maier, Lars S., Maillet, Mylène, Maitre, Thomas, Majori, Maria, Malfertheiner, Maximilian, Malik, Nadia, Mallon, Paddy, Maltez, Fernando, Malvy, Denis, Mammi, Patrizia, Manda, Victoria, Mandei, Jose M., Mandelbrot, Laurent, Manetta, Frank, Mankikian, Julie, Manning, Edmund, Manuel, Aldric, Malaque, Ceila Maria Sant’Ana, Marino, Daniel, Marino, Flávio, Markowicz, Samuel, Eid, Charbel Maroun, Marques, Ana, Marquis, Catherine, Marsh, Brian, Marsh, Laura, Marshal, Megan, Marshall, John, Martelli, Celina Turchi, Martin, Dori-Ann, Martin, Emily, Martin-Blondel, Guillaume, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Martin-Quiros, Alejandro, Martinelli, Alessandra, Martinot, Martin, Martins, Ana, Martins, João, Martins, Nuno, Rego, Caroline Martins, Martucci, Gennaro, Martynenko, Olga, Marwali, Eva Miranda, Marzukie, Marsilla, Jimenez, Juan Fernado Masa, Maslove, David, Mason, Phillip, 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Clark D., Ryan, Maeve, Ryan, Maria, Ryckaert, Mazankowski Heart Institute, Ryckaert, Steffi, Holten, Aleksander Rygh, Saba, Isabela, Sacchelli, Luca, Sadaf, Sairah, Sadat, Musharaf, Sahraei, Valla, Saidani, Nadia, Saint-Gilles, Maximilien, Sakiyalak, Pranya, Salahuddin, Nawal, Salazar, Leonardo, Saleem, Jodat, Saleh, Nazal, Sales, Gabriele, Sallaberry, Stéphane, Gandonniere, Charlotte Salmon, Salvator, Hélène, Sanchez, Olivier, Choez, Xavier Sánchez, de Oliveira, Kizy Sanchez, Sanchez-Miralles, Angel, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Sandhu, Gyan, Sandhu, Zulfiqar, Sandrine, Pierre-François, Sandulescu, Oana, Santos, Marlene, Sarfo-Mensah, Shirley, Banheiro, Bruno Sarmento, Sarmiento, Iam Claire E., Sarton, Benjamine, Satya, Ankana, Satyapriya, Sree, Satyawati, Rumaisah, Saviciute, Egle, Savvidou, Parthena, Saw, Yen Tsen, Schaffer, Justin, Schermer, Tjard, Scherpereel, Arnaud, Schneider, Marion, Schroll, Stephan, Schwameis, Michael, Schwartz, Gary, Scott, Janet T., Scott-Brown, James, 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P. Sanka Ruwan Sri, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stabler, Sarah, Staudinger, Thomas, Stecher, Stephanie-Susanne, Steinsvik, Trude, Stienstra, Ymkje, Stiksrud, Birgitte, Stolz, Eva, Stone, Amy, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Strudwick, Samantha, Stuart, Ami, Stuart, David, Subekti, Decy, Suen, Gabriel, Suen, Jacky Y., Sultana, Asfia, Summers, Charlotte, Supic, Dubravka, Suppiah, Deepashankari, Surovcová, Magdalena, Suwarti, Suwarti, Svistunov, Andrey A., Syahrin, Sarah, Syrigos, Konstantinos, Sztajnbok, Jaques, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty, Tabrizi, Shirin, Taccone, Fabio S., Tagherset, Lysa, Taib, Shahdattul Mawarni, Talarek, Ewa, Taleb, Sara, Talsma, Jelmer, Tamisier, Renaud, Tampubolon, Maria Lawrensia, Tan, Kim Keat, Tan, Le Van, Tan, Yan Chyi, Tanaka, Clarice, Tanaka, Hiroyuki, Tanaka, Taku, Taniguchi, Hayato, Taqdees, Huda, Taqi, Arshad, Tardivon, Coralie, Tattevin, Pierre, Taufik, M Azhari, Tawfik, Hassan, Tedder, Richard S., Tee, Tze Yuan, Teixeira, João, Tejada, Sofia, Tellier, Marie-Capucine, Teoh, Sze Kye, Teotonio, Vanessa, Téoulé, François, Terpstra, Pleun, Terrier, Olivier, Terzi, Nicolas, Tessier-Grenier, Hubert, Tey, Adrian, Thabit, Alif Adlan Mohd, Thakur, Anand, Tham, Zhang Duan, Thangavelu, Suvintheran, Thibault, Vincent, Thiberville, Simon-Djamel, Thill, Benoît, Thirumanickam, Jananee, Thompson, Shaun, Thomson, David, Thomson, Emma C., Thurai, Surain Raaj Thanga, Thuy, Duong Bich, Thwaites, Ryan S., Ticinesi, Andrea, Tierney, Paul, Tieroshyn, Vadim, Timashev, Peter S., Timsit, Jean-François, Vijayaraghavan, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi, Tissot, Noémie, Toh, Jordan Zhien Yang, Toki, Maria, Tonby, Kristian, Tonnii, Sia Loong, Torres, Antoni, Torres, Margarida, Santos-Olmo, Rosario Maria Torres, Torres-Zevallos, Hernando, Towers, Michael, Trapani, Tony, Treoux, Théo, Trieu, Huynh Trung, Tromeur, Cécile, Trontzas, Ioannis, Trouillon, Tiffany, Truong, Jeanne, Tual, Christelle, Tubiana, Sarah, Tuite, Helen, Turmel, Jean-Marie, Turtle, Lance C. W., Tveita, Anders, Twardowski, Pawel, Uchiyama, Makoto, Udayanga, P G Ishara, Udy, Andrew, Ullrich, Roman, Uribe, Alberto, Usman, Asad, Uyeki, Timothy M., Vajdovics, Cristinava, Val-Flores, Luís, Valentini, Piero, Valle, Ana Luiza, Valran, Amélie, Valzano, Ilaria, Van de Velde, Stijn, van den Berge, Marcel, Van der Feltz, Machteld, van der Palen, Job, van der Valk, Paul, Van Der Vekens, Nicky, Van der Voort, Peter, Van Der Werf, Sylvie, van Dyk, Marlice, van Gulik, Laura, Van Hattem, Jarne, van Netten, Carolien, Van Twillert, Gitte, van Veen, Ilonka, Vanel, Noémie, Vanoverschelde, Henk, Varghese, Pooja, Varrone, Michael, Vasudayan, Shoban Raj, Vauchy, Charline, Veeran, Shaminee, Veislinger, Aurélie, Vencken, Sebastian, Ventura, Sara, Verbon, Annelies, Vickers, James, Vidal, José Ernesto, Vieira, César, Vijayan, Deepak, Villanueva, Joy Ann, Villar, Judit, Villeneuve, Pierre-Marc, Villoldo, Andrea, Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, Vishwanathan, Gayatri, Visseaux, Benoit, Visser, Hannah, Vitiello, Chiara, Vongsouvath, Manivanh, Vonkeman, Harald, Vuotto, Fanny, Wahab, Noor Hidayu, Wahab, Suhaila Abdul, Wahid, Nadirah Abdul, Wainstein, Marina, Shukeri, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd, Wang, Chih-Hsien, Webb, Steve, Wei, Jia, Weil, Katharina, Wen, Tan Pei, Wesselius, Sanne, West, T. Eoin, Wham, Murray, Whelan, Bryan, White, Nicole, Wicky, Paul Henri, Wiedemann, Aurélie, Wijaya, Surya Otto, Wille, Keith, Willems, Suzette, Williams, Virginie, Wils, Evert-Jan, Wong, Calvin, Wong, Teck Fung, Wong, Xin Ci, Wong, Yew Sing, Wright, Natalie, Xian, Gan Ee, Xian, Lim Saio, Xuan, Kuan Pei, Xynogalas, Ioannis, Yacoub, Sophie, Yakop, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd, Yamazaki, Masaki, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Hing, Nicholas Yee Liang, Yelnik, Cécile, Yeoh, Chian Hui, Yerkovich, Stephanie, Yiaye, Touxiong, Yokoyama, Toshiki, Yonis, Hodane, Yousif, Obada, Yuliarto, Saptadi, Zaaqoq, Akram, Zabbe, Marion, Zacharowski, Kai, Zahid, Masliza, Zahran, Maram, Zaidan, Nor Zaila Binti, Zambon, Maria, Zambrano, Miguel, Zanella, Alberto, Zawadka, Konrad, Zaynah, Nurul, Zayyad, Hiba, Zoufaly, Alexander, Zucman, David, Fryer, Daniel Vidali, Duque, Sara, Fuentes, Yuli V., Baruch, Joaquin, Beane, Abi, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of La Sabana = Universitad de la Sabana, University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Oxford, The investigators acknowledge: This work is part of the Grand Challenges ICODA pilot initiative, delivered by Health Data Research UK and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Minderoo Foundation. The philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund, UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome [215091/Z/18/Z and 220757/Z/20/Z], the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1209135], the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (MRC, grant MC_PC_19059), the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE)(award 200907), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award IS-BRC-1215-20013), NIHR Clinical Research Network (infrastructure support), CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity OV2170359 and was coordinated out of Sunnybrook Research Institute, the endorsement of the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Group, co-ordinated in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland [CTN-2014-12], Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) [H2020 project 101003589], European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) [965313], COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team, the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies coordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town, Wellcome Trust fellowship [205228/Z/16/Z], the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, the University of Oxford, the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team, the Research Council of Norway grant no 312780, a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution, preparedness work conducted by the Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection, Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna, Project Number: APCOV22BGM, Italian Ministry of Health 'Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6' to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria, Australian Department of Health grant (3273191), Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland, Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland, the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009), the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia, UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship MR/V001671/1, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain, Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Scholarship number 303953/2018-7, Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA, the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funding by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n°20-0424). This work uses Data/Material provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support #DataSavesLives. The Data/materials used for this research were obtained from ISARIC4C. ISARIC4C Investigators collated the COVID-19 Clinical Information Network (CO-CIN) data., European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Minderoo Foundation, Commonwealth Foundation, Wellcome Trust, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), University of Liverpool, Imperial College London, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Health Research Board (Ireland), European Commission, All India Institute of Medical Science, University of Cape Town, Research Council of Norway, Innovative Medicines Initiative, Governo Italiano, University of Queensland, Australian Research Council, Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (France), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Garcia-Gallo, Esteban, Merson, Laura, Kennon, Kalynn, Kelly, Sadie, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Fryer, Daniel Vidali, Shrapnel, Sally, Lee, Jame, Duque, Sara, Fuentes, Yuli V, Balan, Valeria, Smith, Sue, Wei, Jia, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Russell, Clark D, Sigfrid, Louise, Dagens, Andrew, Olliaro, Piero L, Baruch, Joaquin, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Dunning, Jake, Rojek, Amanda, Rashan, Aasiyah, Beane, Abi, Murthy, Sriniva, Reyes, Luis Felipe, ISARIC Clinical Characterization Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Hiba Abu Zayyad, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Shingo Adachi, Elisabeth Adam, Enrico Adriano, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Marina Aiello, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Tala Al-Dabbous, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Huda Alfoudri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, João Melo Alves, Rita Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Heidi Ammerlaan, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Kazi Rubayet Anwar, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Ana Aroca, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Motohiro Asaki, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Eyvind W Axelsen, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, J Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Cheryl Bartone, Joaquín Baruch, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Karine Beiruti, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Adam Betz, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Lucille Blumberg, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Patrizia Bonelli, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Thipsavanh Bounphiengsy, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Kathy Brickell, Alex Browne, Shaunagh Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, Caterina Caminiti, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Francesca Carlacci, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Leonor Carvalho, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Alfredo Antonio Chetta, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Hwa Jin Cho, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Anna Ciullo, Emma Clarke, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Alberto Cucino, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Ger Curley, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Federico D'Amico, Frédérick D'Aragon, Eric D'Ortenzio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Andrew Dagens, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Jorge Dantas, Mark de Boer, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Andrea Dias, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Christl A Donnelly, Maria Donnelly, Chloe Donohue, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Amiel A Dror, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Jake Dunning, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham 3rd, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Giorgio Economopoulos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Martina Escher, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Carlo Ferrari, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Federica Fogliazza, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Nathalie Gagné, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Elena Gallego Curto, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Noelia García Barrio, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Federica Garofalo, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Carlo Giaquinto, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Jesse Gitaka, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Bronner P Gonçalves, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Yanay Gorelik, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Fabio Guarracino, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Amy Hackmann, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Matthew Hall, Sophie Halpin, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Daniel Herr, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Dawn Higgins, Eibhilin Higgins, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Peter Horby, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Kota Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Stella Huo, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Aftab Imtiaz, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Asami Ito, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Pierre Jaquet, Waasila Jassat, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Jennifer June, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Christiana Kartsonaki, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Evelyne Kestelyn, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Harrison Kihuga, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Volkan Korten, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Sudhir Krishnan, Vinothini Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Erwan L'Her, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andrew Law, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, James Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Todd C Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Samantha Lissauer, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Sarah MacDonald, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Juan Macias Sanchez, Jai Madhok, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Jacob Magara, Giuseppe Maglietta, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maria Majori, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Patrizia Mammi, Victoria Manda, Jose M Mandei, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, Daniel Marino, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Alessandra Martinelli, Martin Martinot, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, Juan Fernado Masa Jimenez, David Maslove, Phillip Mason, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Natalie Mc Evoy, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, Laura Merson, Tiziana Meschi, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama 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Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Coca Necsoi, Nikita A Nekliudov, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Bernardo Neves, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Jane Ngure, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Alistair Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Max O'Donnell, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Conar O'Neil, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L Olliaro, David S Y Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne 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Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Garcia-Gallo E., Merson L., Kennon K., Kelly S., Citarella B. W. , Fryer D. V. , Shrapnel S., Lee J., Duque S., Fuentes Y. V. , et al., and Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Subjects: Eğitim, Social Sciences and Humanities, Information Security and Reliability, Social Sciences (SOC), Sosyal Bilimler ve Beşeri Bilimler, Epidemiology, EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Temel Bilimler (SCI), BİLGİSAYAR BİLİMİ, BİLGİ SİSTEMLERİ, MATHEMATICS, Sociology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Prospective Studies, COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, STATISTICS & PROBABILITY, Matematik, Bilgisayar Bilimi Uygulamaları, Computer Sciences, Bilgi Güvenliği ve Güvenilirliği, EĞİTİM VE EĞİTİM ARAŞTIRMASI, BİLGİ BİLİMİ VE KÜTÜPHANE BİLİMİ, Bilgi sistemi, Computer Science Applications, Kütüphane ve Bilgi Bilimleri, Hospitalization, Natural Sciences (SCI), Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Sosyal Bilimler (SOC), Bilgisayar Bilimi, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems, Human, Statistics and Probability, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, SOCIAL SCIENCES, GENERAL, Library and Information Sciences, Education, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Library Sciences, INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE, İstatistik ve Olasılık, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler, Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Social Sciences & Humanities, Engineering, Computing & Technology (ENG), Sosyoloji, Pandemic, İSTATİSTİK & OLASILIK, Mühendislik, Bilişim ve Teknoloji (ENG), İstatistik, Olasılık ve Belirsizlik, Sosyal Bilimler Genel, COMPUTER SCIENCE, Prospective Studie, Fizik Bilimleri, Viral infection, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji, Kütüphanecilik
Abstract: The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use., This work is part of the Grand Challenges ICODA pilot initiative, delivered by Health Data Research UK and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Minderoo Foundation. The philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund; UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome [215091/Z/18/Z and 220757/Z/20/Z]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1209135]; the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR; award CO-CIN-01); the Medical Research Council (MRC; grant MC_PC_19059); the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE)(award 200907); NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award 200927); Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant C18616/A25153); NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award IS-BRC-1215-20013); NIHR Clinical Research Network (infrastructure support); CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity OV2170359 and was coordinated out of Sunnybrook Research Institute; the endorsement of the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Group, co-ordinated in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland [CTN-2014-12]; Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) [H2020 project 101003589]; European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) [965313]; COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India; Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team; the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies coordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town; Wellcome Trust fellowship [205228/Z/16/Z]; the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; the University of Oxford; the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team; the Research Council of Norway grant no 312780; a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner; Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution; preparedness work conducted by the Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection; Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna, Project Number: APCOV22BGM; Italian Ministry of Health “Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6” to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria; Australian Department of Health grant (3273191); Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland; Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland; the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009); the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia; UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship MR/V001671/1; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain; Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Scholarship number 303953/2018-7; Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA; the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funding by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n°20-0424).
Published: 2022
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27. Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality and organ support in patients with severe COVID-19

Author: Angus, Derek, Derde, Lennie, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen, Beane, Abigail, van Bentum-Puijk, Wilma, Berry, Lindsay, Bhimani, Zahra, Bonten, Marc, Bradbury, Charlotte, Brunkhorst, Frank, Buxton, Meredith, Buzgau, Adrian, Cheng, Allen, de Jong, Menno, Detry, Michelle, Estcourt, Lise, Fitzgerald, Mark, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Haniffa, Rashan, Higgins, Alisa, Horvat, Christopher, Hullegie, Sebastiaan, Kruger, Peter, Lamontagne, Francois, Lawler, Patrick, Linstrum, Kelsey, Litton, Edward, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Marshall, John, Mcauley, Daniel, Mcglothin, Anna, Mcguinness, Shay, Mcverry, Bryan, Montgomery, Stephanie, Mouncey, Paul, Murthy, Srinivas, Nichol, Alistair, Parke, Rachael, Parker, Jane, Rowan, Kathryn, Sanil, Ashish, Santos, Marlene, Saunders, Christina, Seymour, Christopher, Turner, Anne, van de Veerdonk, Frank, Venkatesh, Balasubramanian, Zarychanski, Ryan, Berry, Scott, Lewis, Roger, Mcarthur, Colin, Webb, Steven, Gordon, Anthony, NIHR, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators, Farah Al-Beidh, Derek Angus, Djillali Annane, Yaseen Arabi, Wilma van Bentum-Puijk, Scott Berry, Abigail Beane, Zahra Bhimani, Marc Bonten, Charlotte Bradbury, Frank Brunkhorst, Meredith Buxton, Allen Cheng, Menno De Jong, Lennie Derde, Lise Estcourt, Herman Goossens, Anthony Gordon, Cameron Green, Rashan Haniffa, Francois Lamontagne, Patrick Lawler, Edward Litton, John Marshall, Colin McArthur, Daniel McAuley, Shay McGuinness, Bryan McVerry, Stephanie Montgomery, Paul Mouncey, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Rachael Parke, Kathryn Rowan, Christopher Seymour, Anne Turner, Frank van de Veerdonk, Steve Webb, Ryan Zarychanski, Lewis Campbell, Andrew Forbes, David Gattas, Stephane Heritier, Lisa Higgins, Peter Kruger, Sandra Peake, Jeffrey Presneill, Ian Seppelt, Tony Trapani, Paul Young, Sean Bagshaw, Nick Daneman, Niall Ferguson, Cheryl Misak, Marlene Santos, Sebastiaan Hullegie, Mathias Pletz, Gernot Rohde, Kathy Rowan, Brian Alexander, Kim Basile, Timothy Girard, Christopher Horvat, David Huang, Kelsey Linstrum, Jennifer Vates, Richard Beasley, Robert Fowler, Steve McGloughlin, Susan Morpeth, David Paterson, Bala Venkatesh, Tim Uyeki, Kenneth Baillie, Eamon Duffy, Rob Fowler, Thomas Hills, Katrina Orr, Asad Patanwala, Steve Tong, Mihai Netea, Shilesh Bihari, Marc Carrier, Dean Fergusson, Ewan Goligher, Ghady Haidar, Beverley Hunt, Anand Kumar, Mike Laffan, Patrick Lawless, Sylvain Lother, Peter McCallum, Saskia Middeldopr, Zoe McQuilten, Matthew Neal, John Pasi, Roger Schutgens, Simon Stanworth, Alexis Turgeon, Alexandra Weissman, Neill Adhikari, Matthew Anstey, Emily Brant, Angelique de Man, Francois Lamonagne, Marie-Helene Masse, Andrew Udy, Donald Arnold, Phillipe Begin, Richard Charlewood, Michael Chasse, Mark Coyne, Jamie Cooper, James Daly, Iain Gosbell, Heli Harvala-Simmonds, Tom Hills, Sheila MacLennan, David Menon, John McDyer, Nicole Pridee, David Roberts, Manu Shankar-Hari, Helen Thomas, Alan Tinmouth, Darrell Triulzi, Tim Walsh, Erica Wood, Carolyn Calfee, Cecilia O’Kane, Murali Shyamsundar, Pratik Sinha, Taylor Thompson, Ian Young, Shailesh Bihari, Carol Hodgson, John Laffey, Danny McAuley, Neil Orford, Ary Neto, Michelle Detry, Mark Fitzgerald, Roger Lewis, Anna McGlothlin, Ashish Sanil, Christina Saunders, Lindsay Berry, Elizabeth Lorenzi, Eliza Miller, Vanessa Singh, Claire Zammit, Wilma van Bentum Puijk, Wietske Bouwman, Yara Mangindaan, Lorraine Parker, Svenja Peters, Ilse Rietveld, Kik Raymakers, Radhika Ganpat, Nicole Brillinger, Rene Markgraf, Kate Ainscough, Kathy Brickell, Aisha Anjum, Janis-Best Lane, Alvin Richards-Belle, Michelle Saull, Daisy Wiley, Julian Bion, Jason Connor, Simon Gates, Victoria Manax, Tom van der Poll, John Reynolds, Marloes van Beurden, Evelien Effelaar, Joost Schotsman, Craig Boyd, Cain Harland, Audrey Shearer, Jess Wren, Giles Clermont, William Garrard, Kyle Kalchthaler, Andrew King, Daniel Ricketts, Salim Malakoutis, Oscar Marroquin, Edvin Music, Kevin Quinn, Heidi Cate, Karen Pearson, Joanne Collins, Jane Hanson, Penny Williams, Shane Jackson, Adeeba Asghar, Sarah Dyas, Mihaela Sutu, Sheenagh Murphy, Dawn Williamson, Nhlanhla Mguni, Alison Potter, David Porter, Jayne Goodwin, Clare Rook, Susie Harrison, Hannah Williams, Hilary Campbell, Kaatje Lomme, James Williamson, Jonathan Sheffield, Willian van’t Hoff, Phobe McCracken, Meredith Young, Jasmin Board, Emma Mart, Cameron Knott, Julie Smith, Catherine Boschert, Julia Affleck, Mahesh Ramanan, Ramsy D’Souza, Kelsey Pateman, Arif Shakih, Winston Cheung, Mark Kol, Helen Wong, Asim Shah, Atul Wagh, Joanne Simpson, Graeme Duke, Peter Chan, Brittney Cartner, Stephanie Hunter, Russell Laver, Tapaswi Shrestha, Adrian Regli, Annamaria Pellicano, James McCullough, Mandy Tallott, Nikhil Kumar, Rakshit Panwar, Gail Brinkerhoff, Cassandra Koppen, Federica Cazzola, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Roy Fischer, Vishwanath Biradar, Natalie Soar, Hayden White, Kristen Estensen, Lynette Morrison, Joanne Smith, Melanie Cooper, Monash Health, Yahya Shehabi, Wisam Al-Bassam, Amanda Hulley, Christina Whitehead, Julie Lowrey, Rebecca Gresha, James Walsham, Jason Meyer, Meg Harward, Ellen Venz, Patricia Williams, Catherine Kurenda, Kirsy Smith, Margaret Smith, Rebecca Garcia, Deborah Barge, Deborah Byrne, Kathleen Byrne, Alana Driscoll, Louise Fortune, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Naomi Hammond, Frances Bass, Angela Ashelford, Sharon Waterson, Steve Wedd, Robert McNamara, Heidi Buhr, Jennifer Coles, Sacha Schweikert, Bradley Wibrow, Rashmi Rauniyar, Erina Myers, Ed Fysh, Ashlish Dawda, Bhaumik Mevavala, Ed Litton, Janet Ferrier, Priya Nair, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, John Santamaria, Leanne Barbazza, Jennifer Homes, Roger Smith, Lauren Murray, Jane Brailsford, Loretta Forbes, Teena Maguire, Vasanth Mariappa, Judith Smith, Scott Simpson, Matthew Maiden, Allsion Bone, Michelle Horton, Tania Salerno, Martin Sterba, Wenli Geng, Pieter Depuydt, Jan De Waele, Liesbet De Bus, Jan Fierens, Stephanie Bracke, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, Michaël Chassé, François Martin Carrier, Dounia Boumahni, Fatna Benettaib, Ali Ghamraoui, David Bellemare, Ève Cloutier, Charles Francoeur, François Lamontagne, Frédérick D’Aragon, Elaine Carbonneau, Julie Leblond, Gloria Vazquez-Grande, Nicole Marten, Maggie Wilson, Martin Albert, Karim Serri, Alexandros Cavayas, Mathilde Duplaix, Virginie Williams, Bram Rochwerg, Tim Karachi, Simon Oczkowski, John Centofanti, Tina Millen, Erick Duan, Jennifer Tsang, Lisa Patterson, Shane English, Irene Watpool, Rebecca Porteous, Sydney Miezitis, Lauralyn McIntyre, Laurent Brochard, Karen Burns, Gyan Sandhu, Imrana Khalid, Alexandra Binnie, Elizabeth Powell, Alexandra McMillan, Tracy Luk, Noah Aref, Zdravko Andric, Sabina Cviljevic, Renata Đimoti, Marija Zapalac, Gordan Mirković, Bruno Baršić, Marko Kutleša, Viktor Kotarski, Ana Vujaklija Brajković, Jakša Babel, Helena Sever, Lidija Dragija, Ira Kušan, Suvi Vaara, Leena Pettilä, Jonna Heinonen, Anne Kuitunen, Sari Karlsson, Annukka Vahtera, Heikki Kiiski, Sanna Ristimäki, Amine Azaiz, Cyril Charron, Mathieu Godement, Guillaume Geri, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Franck Pourcine, Mehran Monchi, David Luis, Romain Mercier, Anne Sagnier, Nathalie Verrier, Cecile Caplin, Shidasp Siami, Christelle Aparicio, Sarah Vautier, Asma Jeblaoui, Muriel Fartoukh, Laura Courtin, Vincent Labbe, Cécile Leparco, Grégoire Muller, Mai-Anh Nay, Toufik Kamel, Dalila Benzekri, Sophie Jacquier, Emmanuelle Mercier, Delphine Chartier, Charlotte Salmon, PierreFrançois Dequin, Francis Schneider, Guillaume Morel, Sylvie L’Hotellier, Julio Badie, Fernando Daniel Berdaguer, Sylvain Malfroy, Chaouki Mezher, Charlotte Bourgoin, Bruno Megarbane, Sebastian Voicu, Nicolas Deye, Isabelle Malissin, Laetitia Sutterlin, Christophe Guitton, Cédric Darreau, Mickaël Landais, Nicolas Chudeau, Alain Robert, Pierre Moine, Nicholas Heming, Virginie Maxime, Isabelle Bossard, Tiphaine Barbarin Nicholier, Gwenhael Colin, Vanessa Zinzoni, Natacham Maquigneau, André Finn, Gabriele Kreß, Uwe Hoff, Carl Friedrich Hinrichs, Jens Nee, Mathias Pletz, Stefan Hagel, Juliane Ankert, Steffi Kolanos, Frank Bloos, Sirak Petros, Bastian Pasieka, Kevin Kunz, Peter Appelt, Bianka Schütze, Stefan Kluge, Axel Nierhaus, Dominik Jarczak, Kevin Roedl, Dirk Weismann, Anna Frey, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Lorenz Reill, Michael Distler, Astrid Maselli, János Bélteczki, István Magyar, Ágnes Fazekas, Sándor Kovács, Viktória Szőke, Gábor Szigligeti, János Leszkoven, Daniel Collins, Patrick Breen, Stephen Frohlich, Ruth Whelan, Bairbre McNicholas, Michael Scully, Siobhan Casey, Maeve Kernan, Peter Doran, Michael O’Dywer, Michelle Smyth, Leanne Hayes, Oscar Hoiting, Marco Peters, Els Rengers, Mirjam Evers, Anton Prinssen, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Koen Simons, Wim Rozendaal, F Polderman, P de Jager, M Moviat, A Paling, A Salet, Emma Rademaker, Anna Linda Peters, E de Jonge, J Wigbers, E Guilder, M Butler, Keri-Anne Cowdrey, Lynette Newby, Yan Chen, Catherine Simmonds, Rachael McConnochie, Jay Ritzema Carter, Seton Henderson, Kym Van Der Heyden, Jan Mehrtens, Tony Williams, Alex Kazemi, Rima Song, Vivian Lai, Dinu Girijadevi, Robert Everitt, Robert Russell, Danielle Hacking, Ulrike Buehner, Erin Williams, Troy Browne, Kate Grimwade, Jennifer Goodson, Owen Keet, Owen Callender, Robert Martynoga, Kara Trask, Amelia Butler, Livia Schischka, Chelsea Young, Eden Lesona, Shaanti Olatunji, Yvonne Robertson, Nuno José, Teodoro Amaro dos Santos Catorze, Tiago Nuno Alfaro de Lima Pereira, Lucilia Maria Neves Pessoa, Ricardo Manuel Castro Ferreira, Joana Margarida Pereira Sousa Bastos, Simin Aysel Florescu, Delia Stanciu, Miahela Florentina Zaharia, Alma Gabriela Kosa, Daniel Codreanu, Yaseen Marabi, Eman Al Qasim, Mohamned Moneer Hagazy, Lolowa Al Swaidan, Hatim Arishi, Rosana Muñoz-Bermúdez, Judith Marin-Corral, Anna Salazar Degracia, Francisco Parrilla Gómez, Maria Isabel Mateo López, Jorge Rodriguez Fernandez, Sheila Cárcel Fernández, Rosario Carmona Flores, Rafael León López, Carmen de la Fuente Martos, Angela Allan, Petra Polgarova, Neda Farahi, Stephen McWilliam, Daniel Hawcutt, Laura Rad, Laura O’Malley, Jennifer Whitbread, Olivia Kelsall, Laura Wild, Jessica Thrush, Hannah Wood, Karen Austin, Adrian Donnelly, Martin Kelly, Sinéad O’Kane, Declan McClintock, Majella Warnock, Paul Johnston, Linda Jude Gallagher, Clare Mc Goldrick, Moyra Mc Master, Anna Strzelecka, Rajeev Jha, Michael Kalogirou, Christine Ellis, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Vashish Deelchand, Jon Silversides, Peter McGuigan, Kathryn Ward, Aisling O’Neill, Stephanie Finn, Barbara Phillips, Dee Mullan, Laura Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Matthew Thomas, Katie Sweet, Lisa Grimmer, Rebekah Johnson, Jez Pinnell, Matt Robinson, Lisa Gledhill, Tracy Wood, Matt Morgan, Jade Cole, Helen Hill, Michelle Davies, David Antcliffe, Maie Templeton, Roceld Rojo, Phoebe Coghlan, Joanna Smee, Euan Mackay, Jon Cort, Amanda Whileman, Thomas Spencer, Nick Spittle, Vidya Kasipandian, Amit Patel, Suzanne Allibone, Roman Mary Genetu, Mohamed Ramali, Alison Ghosh, Peter Bamford, Emily London, Kathryn Cawley, Maria Faulkner, Helen Jeffrey, Tim Smith, Chris Brewer, Jane Gregory, James Limb, Amanda Cowton, Julie O’Brien, Nikitas Nikitas, Colin Wells, Liana Lankester, Mark Pulletz, Patricia Williams, Jenny Birch, Sophie Wiseman, Sarah Horton, Ana Alegria, Salah Turki, Tarek Elsefi, Nikki Crisp, Louise Allen, Iain McCullagh, Philip Robinson, Carole Hays, Maite Babio-Galan, Hannah Stevenson, Divya Khare, Meredith Pinder, Selvin Selvamoni, Amitha Gopinath, Richard Pugh, Daniel Menzies, Callum Mackay, Elizabeth Allan, Gwyneth Davies, Kathryn Puxty, Claire McCue, Susanne Cathcart, Naomi Hickey, Jane Ireland, Hakeem Yusuff, Graziella Isgro, Chris Brightling, Michelle Bourne, Michelle Craner, Malcolm Watters, Rachel Prout, Louisa Davies, Suzannah Pegler, Lynsey Kyeremeh, Gill Arbane, Karen Wilson, Linda Gomm, Federica Francia, Stephen Brett, Sonia Sousa Arias, Rebecca Elin Hall, Joanna Budd, Charlotte Small, Janine Birch, Emma Collins, Jeremy Henning, Stephen Bonner, Keith Hugill, Emanuel Cirstea, Dean Wilkinson, Michal Karlikowski, Helen Sutherland, Elva Wilhelmsen, Jane Woods, Julie North, Dhinesh Sundaran, Laszlo Hollos, Susan Coburn, Joanne Walsh, Margaret Turns, Phil Hopkins, John Smith, Harriet Noble, Maria Theresa Depante, Emma Clarey, Shondipon Laha, Mark Verlander, Alexandra Williams, Abby Huckle, Andrew Hall, Jill Cooke, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Carolyn Maloney, Hafiz Qureshi, Neil Flint, Sarah Nicholson, Sara Southin, Andrew Nicholson, Barbara Borgatta, Ian Turner-Bone, Amie Reddy, Laura Wilding, Loku Chamara Warnapura, Ronan Agno Sathianathan, David Golden, Ciaran Hart, Jo Jones, Jonathan Bannard-Smith, Joanne Henry, Katie Birchall, Fiona Pomeroy, Rachael Quayle, Arystarch Makowski, Beata Misztal, Iram Ahmed, Thyra KyereDiabour, Kevin Naiker, Richard Stewart, Esther Mwaura, Louise Mew, Lynn Wren, Felicity Willams, Richard Innes, Patricia Doble, Joanne Hutter, Charmaine Shovelton, Benjamin Plumb, Tamas Szakmany, Vincent Hamlyn, Nancy Hawkins, Sarah Lewis, Amanda Dell, Shameer Gopal, Saibal Ganguly, Andrew Smallwood, Nichola Harris, Stella Metherell, Juan Martin Lazaro, Tabitha Newman, Simon Fletcher, Jurgens Nortje, Deirdre Fottrell-Gould, Georgina Randell, Mohsin Zaman, Einas Elmahi, Andrea Jones, Kathryn Hall, Gary Mills, Kim Ryalls, Helen Bowler, Jas Sall, Richard Bourne, Zoe Borrill, Tracey Duncan, Thomas Lamb, Joanne Shaw, Claire Fox, Jeronimo Moreno Cuesta, Kugan Xavier, Dharam Purohit, Munzir Elhassan, Dhanalakshmi Bakthavatsalam, Matthew Rowland, Paula Hutton, Archana Bashyal, Neil Davidson, Clare Hird, Manish Chhablani, Gunjan Phalod, Amy Kirkby, Simon Archer, Kimberley Netherton, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Sarah Patch, Sarah Jenkins, David Pogson, Steve Rose, Zoe Daly, Lutece Brimfield, Helen Claridge, Dhruv Parekh, Colin Bergin, Michelle Bates, Joanne Dasgin, Christopher McGhee, Malcolm Sim, Sophie Kennedy Hay, Steven Henderson, Mandeep-Kaur Phull, Abbas Zaidi, Tatiana Pogreban, Lace Paulyn Rosaroso, Daniel Harvey, Benjamin Lowe, Megan Meredith, Lucy Ryan, Anil Hormis, Rachel Walker, Dawn Collier, Sarah Kimpton, Susan Oakley, Kevin Rooney, Natalie Rodden, Emma Hughes, Nicola Thomson, Deborah McGlynn, Andrew Walden, Nicola Jacques, Holly Coles, Emma Tilney, Emma Vowell, Martin Schuster-Bruce, Sally Pitts, Rebecca Miln, Laura Purandare, Luke Vamplew, Michael Spivey, Sarah Bean, Karen Burt, Lorraine Moore, Christopher Day, Charly Gibson, Elizabeth Gordon, Letizia Zitter, Samantha Keenan, Evelyn Baker, Shiney Cherian, Sean Cutler, Anna Roynon-Reed, Kate Harrington, Ajay Raithatha, Kris Bauchmuller, Norfaizan Ahmad, Irina Grecu, Dawn Trodd, Jane Martin, Caroline Wrey Brown, Ana-Marie Arias, Thomas Craven, David Hope, Jo Singleton, Sarah Clark, Nicola Rae, Ingeborg Welters, David Oliver Hamilton, Karen Williams, Victoria Waugh, David Shaw, Zudin Puthucheary, Timothy Martin, Filipa Santos, Ruzena Uddin, Alastair Somerville, Kate Colette Tatham, Shaman Jhanji, Ethel Black, Arnold Dela Rosa, Ryan Howle, Redmond Tully, Andrew Drummond, Joy Dearden, Jennifer Philbin, Sheila Munt, Alain Vuylsteke, Charles Chan, Saji Victor, Ramprasad Matsa, Minerva Gellamucho, Ben Creagh-Brown, Joe Tooley, Laura Montague, Fiona De Beaux, Laetitia Bullman, Ian Kersiake, Carrie Demetriou, Sarah Mitchard, Lidia Ramos, Katie White, Phil Donnison, Maggie Johns, Ruth Casey, Lehentha Mattocks, Sarah Salisbury, Paul Dark, Andrew Claxton, Danielle McLachlan, Kathryn Slevin, Stephanie Lee, Jonathan Hulme, Sibet Joseph, Fiona Kinney, Ho Jan Senya, Aneta Oborska, Abdul Kayani, Bernard Hadebe, Rajalakshmi Orath Prabakaran, Lesley Nichols, Matt Thomas, Ruth Worner, Beverley Faulkner, Emma Gendall, Kati Hayes, Colin Hamilton-Davies, Carmen Chan, Celina Mfuko, Hakam Abbass, Vineela Mandadapu, Susannah Leaver, Daniel Forton, Kamal Patel, Elankumaran Paramasivam, Matthew Powell, Richard Gould, Elizabeth Wilby, Clare Howcroft, Dorota Banach, Ziortza Fernández de Pinedo Artaraz, Leilani Cabreros, Ian White, Maria Croft, Nicky Holland, Rita Pereira, Ahmed Zaki, David Johnson, Matthew Jackson, Hywel Garrard, Vera Juhaz, Alistair Roy, Anthony Rostron, Lindsey Woods, Sarah Cornell, Suresh Pillai, Rachel Harford, Tabitha Rees, Helen Ivatt, Ajay Sundara Raman, Miriam Davey, Kelvin Lee, Russell Barber, Manish Chablani, Farooq Brohi, Vijay Jagannathan, Michele Clark, Sarah Purvis, Bill Wetherill, Ahilanandan Dushianthan, Rebecca Cusack, Kim de Courcy-Golder, Simon Smith, Susan Jackson, Ben Attwood, Penny Parsons, Valerie Page, Xiao Bei Zhao, Deepali Oza, Jonathan Rhodes, Tom Anderson, Sheila Morris, Charlotte Xia Le Tai, Amy Thomas, Alexandra Keen, Stephen Digby, Nicholas Cowley, Laura Wild, David Southern, Harsha Reddy, Andy Campbell, Claire Watkins, Sara Smuts, Omar Touma, Nicky Barnes, Peter Alexander, Tim Felton, Susan Ferguson, Katharine Sellers, Joanne Bradley-Potts, David Yates, Isobel Birkinshaw, Kay Kell, Nicola Marshall, Lisa Carr-Knott, Charlotte Summers, and Mégarbane, Bruno
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, General & Internal Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, 11 Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Importance Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Objective To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin. Between March 9 and June 17, 2020, 614 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and randomized within at least 1 domain following admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory or cardiovascular organ support at 121 sites in 8 countries. Of these, 403 were randomized to open-label interventions within the corticosteroid domain. The domain was halted after results from another trial were released. Follow-up ended August 12, 2020. Interventions The corticosteroid domain randomized participants to a fixed 7-day course of intravenous hydrocortisone (50 mg or 100 mg every 6 hours) (n = 143), a shock-dependent course (50 mg every 6 hours when shock was clinically evident) (n = 152), or no hydrocortisone (n = 108). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was organ support–free days (days alive and free of ICU-based respiratory or cardiovascular support) within 21 days, where patients who died were assigned –1 day. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model that included all patients enrolled with severe COVID-19, adjusting for age, sex, site, region, time, assignment to interventions within other domains, and domain and intervention eligibility. Superiority was defined as the posterior probability of an odds ratio greater than 1 (threshold for trial conclusion of superiority >99%). Results After excluding 19 participants who withdrew consent, there were 384 patients (mean age, 60 years; 29% female) randomized to the fixed-dose (n = 137), shock-dependent (n = 146), and no (n = 101) hydrocortisone groups; 379 (99%) completed the study and were included in the analysis. The mean age for the 3 groups ranged between 59.5 and 60.4 years; most patients were male (range, 70.6%-71.5%); mean body mass index ranged between 29.7 and 30.9; and patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged between 50.0% and 63.5%. For the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively, the median organ support–free days were 0 (IQR, –1 to 15), 0 (IQR, –1 to 13), and 0 (–1 to 11) days (composed of 30%, 26%, and 33% mortality rates and 11.5, 9.5, and 6 median organ support–free days among survivors). The median adjusted odds ratio and bayesian probability of superiority were 1.43 (95% credible interval, 0.91-2.27) and 93% for fixed-dose hydrocortisone, respectively, and were 1.22 (95% credible interval, 0.76-1.94) and 80% for shock-dependent hydrocortisone compared with no hydrocortisone. Serious adverse events were reported in 4 (3%), 5 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients in the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day fixed-dose course of hydrocortisone or shock-dependent dosing of hydrocortisone, compared with no hydrocortisone, resulted in 93% and 80% probabilities of superiority with regard to the odds of improvement in organ support–free days within 21 days. However, the trial was stopped early and no treatment strategy met prespecified criteria for statistical superiority, precluding definitive conclusions.
Published: 2020
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27 results on '"Brenda Reeve"'

1. Early In-Bed Cycle Ergometry With Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Statistical Analysis Plan for CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength), an International, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial

2. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

3. Research interrupted: applying the CONSERVE 2021 Statement to a randomized trial of rehabilitation during critical illness affected by the COVID-19 pandemic

4. Multistudy Research Operations in the ICU: An Interprofessional Pandemic-Informed Approach

5. Academic and Community ICUs Participating in a Critical Care Randomized Trial: A Comparison of Patient Characteristics and Trial Metrics

6. Paediatric COVID-19 mortality: a database analysis of the impact of health resource disparity

7. Expanding the 3 Wishes Project for compassionate end-of-life care: a qualitative evaluation of local adaptations

8. Economic evaluation alongside the Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (E-PROSPECT): study protocol

9. Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

10. Author response for 'Symptom‐based case definitions for COVID‐19: Time and geographical variations for detection at hospital admission among 260,000 patients'

11. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital and intensive care in the first phase of the pandemic in Canada: a national cohort study

12. Diarrhea during critical illness: a multicenter cohort study

13. Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

14. The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response

15. Keepsakes at the End of Life

16. 814: ARTISTIC CREATIONS AS WISHES AT THE END-OF-LIFE IN THE 3 WISHES PROJECT

17. [Untitled]

18. Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Antacids in the Critically Ill Population: Stress Ulceration versus Nosocomial Pneumonia

19. Serum Cortisol: A Predictor of Mortality in Sepsis?

20. Prophylactic Diclectin reduces the incidence of postoperative vomiting

21. Ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies: a Franco-Canadian survey

22. Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients Resolving Discordant Meta-Analyses

23. Multidisciplinary Education for Oxygen Prescription

24. Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically III Patients

26. ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

27. Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality and organ support in patients with severe COVID-19

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27 results on '"Brenda Reeve"'

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