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7 results on '"Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects"'

1. Breast Cancer and the Environment : A Life Course Approach

Author

Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Breast Cancer and the Environment: The Scientific Evidence, Research Methodology, and Future Directions, Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Board on Health Care Services, and Committee on Breast Cancer and the Environment: The Scientific Evidence, Research Methodology, and Future Directions

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Pathogenesis, Breast--Cancer--Pathophysiology, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Risk
Abstract

Breast cancer remains the most common invasive cancer among women. The primary patients of breast cancer are adult women who are approaching or have reached menopause; 90 percent of new cases in U.S. women in 2009 were diagnosed at age 45 or older. Growing knowledge of the complexity of breast cancer stimulated a transition in breast cancer research toward elucidating how external factors may influence the etiology of breast cancer. Breast Cancer and the Environment reviews the current evidence on a selection of environmental risk factors for breast cancer, considers gene-environment interactions in breast cancer, and explores evidence-based actions that might reduce the risk of breast cancer. The book also recommends further integrative research into the elements of the biology of breast development and carcinogenesis, including the influence of exposure to a variety of environmental factors during potential windows of susceptibility during the full life course, potential interventions to reduce risk, and better tools for assessing the carcinogenicity of environmental factors. For a limited set of risk factors, evidence suggests that action can be taken in ways that may reduce risk for breast cancer for many women: avoiding unnecessary medical radiation throughout life, avoiding the use of some forms of postmenopausal hormone therapy, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing physical activity, and minimizing weight gain. Breast Cancer and the Environment sets a direction and a focus for future research efforts. The book will be of special interest to medical researchers, patient advocacy groups, and public health professionals.

Published
2012

2. No Family History : The Environmental Links to Breast Cancer

Author

Sabrina McCormick and Sabrina McCormick

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast Neoplasms--etiology--United States, Environmental Exposure--adverse effects--Unite, Breast Neoplasms--prevention & control--United, Public Policy--United States
Abstract

No Family History presents compelling evidence of environmental links to breast cancer, ranging from everyday cosmetics to industrial waste. Sabrina McCormick weaves the story of one survivor with no family history into a powerful exploration of the big business of breast cancer. As drugs, pink products, and corporate sponsorships generate enormous revenue to find a cure, a growing number of experts argue that we should instead increase focus on prevention—reducing environmental exposures that have contributed to the sharp increase of breast cancer rates. But the dollars continue to pour into the search for a cure, and the companies that profit, including some pharmaceutical and cosmetics companies, may in fact contribute to the environmental causes of breast cancer. No Family History shows how profits drive our public focus on the cure rather than prevention, and suggests new ways to reduce breast cancer rates in the future.

Published
2009

3. From Pink to Green : Disease Prevention and the Environmental Breast Cancer Movement

Author

Barbara L. Ley and Barbara L. Ley

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast--Cancer--United States--History--21st century, Breast--Cancer--United States--History--20th century, Environmentalism--United States, Breast--Cancer--Prevention
Abstract

From the early 1980s, the U.S. environmental breast cancer movement has championed the goal of eradicating the disease by emphasizing the importance of reducing—even eliminating exposure to chemicals and toxins. From Pink to Green chronicles the movement's disease prevention philosophy from the beginning. Challenging the broader cultural milieu of pink ribbon symbolism and breast cancer'awareness'campaigns, this movement has grown from a handful of community-based organizations into a national entity, shaping the cultural, political, and public health landscape. Much of the activists'everyday work revolves around describing how the so called'cancer industry'downplays possible environmental links to protect their political and economic interests and they demand that the public play a role in scientific, policy, and public health decision-making to build a new framework of breast cancer prevention. From Pink to Green successfully explores the intersection between breast cancer activism and the environmental health sciences, incorporating public and scientific debates as well as policy implications to public health and environmental agendas.

Published
2009

4. Is breast cancer a result of epigenetic responses to traffic-related air pollution? A review of the latest evidence

Author

Rachel L. Miller, Mary Beth Terry, and Debashish Sahay

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA--Methylation, Nitrogen Dioxide, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Air pollution, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Epigenesis, Genetic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Adverse health effect, Air Pollution, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Animal study, Epigenetics, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Vehicle Emissions, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Epigenomics, Environmental Exposure, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Breast--Cancer, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, DNA methylation, Female, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Air--Pollution, Systematic Review, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Environmental toxicants can exert adverse health effects via epigenetic regulation. We conducted a review of studies assessing traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and breast cancer (BC) risk, and the evidence for epigenetic mediation. 14 epidemiological studies demonstrated associations between TRAP exposure and BC risk, in which a total of 26 comparisons were assessed. 11 of these comparisons reported a positive association; whereas 15 comparisons were negative. Five publications linked TRAP exposure to epigenetic alterations in genes that may be related to BC risk. One animal study provided evidence of TRAP-treatment inducing breast tumorigenesis. Associations between TRAP components polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and BC risk were more consistent. While evidence for epigenetic regulation remains limited, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures may alter methylation of breast tumorigenic genes (e.g., EPHB2, LONP1). Future epigenomic studies with environmental measures are needed to interrogate the relationship between TRAP and BC risk.

Published
2019

5. Sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with gene-specific promoter methylation in women with breast cancer

Author

Maureen Hatch, Susan E. Steck, Hanina Hibshoosh, Sybil M. Eng, Regina M. Santella, Mary Beth Terry, Marilie D. Gammon, Xinran Xu, Irina Mordukhovich, Lauren E. McCullough, Jia Chen, Steven D. Stellman, Yoon Hee Cho, Alexandra J. White, Jan Beyea, Alfred I. Neugut, Kathleen Conway, Lawrence S. Engel, and Susan L. Teitelbaum

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Epidemiology, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Tobacco smoke, Epigenesis, Genetic, 0302 clinical medicine, Odds Ratio, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, skin and connective tissue diseases, Promoter Regions, Genetic, General Environmental Science, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Public health, Chemistry, Environmental exposure, Methylation, Middle Aged, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Environmental chemistry, DNA methylation, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Air--Pollution--Health aspects, Population, Breast Neoplasms, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Odds ratio, Environmental Exposure, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements, Case-Control Studies, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Background Tobacco smoke, diet and indoor/outdoor air pollution, all major sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have been associated with breast cancer. Aberrant methylation may be an early event in carcinogenesis, but whether PAHs influence the epigenome is unclear, particularly in breast tissue where methylation may be most relevant. We aimed to evaluate the role of methylation in the association between PAHs and breast cancer. Methods In a population-based case-control study, we measured promoter methylation of 13 breast cancer-related genes in breast tumor tissue ( n =765–851 cases) and global methylation in peripheral blood (1055 cases/1101 controls). PAH sources (current active smoking, residential environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), vehicular traffic, synthetic log burning, and grilled/smoked meat intake) were evaluated separately. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results When comparing methylated versus unmethylated genes, synthetic log use was associated with increased ORs for CDH1 (OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.06–4.79), HIN1 (OR=2.14, 95%CI=1.34–3.42) and RAR β (OR=1.80, 95%CI=1.16–2.78) and decreased ORs for BRCA1 (OR=0.44, 95%CI=0.30–0.66). Residential ETS was associated with decreased ORs for ESR1 (OR=0.74, 95%CI=0.56–0.99) and CCND2 methylation (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.44–0.96). Current smoking and vehicular traffic were associated with decreased ORs for DAPK (OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.28–0.99) and increased ORs for TWIST1 methylation (OR=2.79, 95%CI=1.24–6.30), respectively. In controls, synthetic log use was inversely associated with LINE-1 (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.41–0.86). Discussion PAH sources were associated with hypo- and hypermethylation at multiple promoter regions in breast tumors and LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood of controls. Methylation may be a potential biologic mechanism for the associations between PAHs and breast cancer incidence.

Published
2015

6. Exposure to fogger trucks and breast cancer incidence in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project: a case–control study

Author

Alfred I. Neugut, Marilie D. Gammon, Alexandra J. White, Steven D. Stellman, Mary S. Wolff, and Susan L. Teitelbaum

Subjects
Oncology, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Estrogen receptor, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Organochlorines, Breast, Young adult, Child, Cancer, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Environmental exposure, Middle Aged, Environmental health, Receptors, Estrogen, DDT (Insecticide), Fogger, Female, Receptors, Progesterone, Environmental Monitoring, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, New York, Breast Neoplasms, DDT, Young Adult, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDT), Pesticides, Aged, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Gynecology, 1,2,-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), business.industry, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, Case-Control Studies, business
Abstract

Background: Few studies have supported an association between breast cancer and DDT, usually assessed with biomarkers that cannot discern timing of exposure, or differentiate between the accumulation of chronic low-dose versus acute high-dose exposures in the past. Previous studies suggest that an association may be evident only among women exposed to DDT during biologically susceptible windows, or among those diagnosed with estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive (ER+PR+) breast cancer subtypes. Self-reported acute exposure to a fogger truck, which sprayed DDT prior to 1972, was hypothesized to increase the risk of breast cancer, particularly among women exposed at a young age or diagnosed with ER+PR+ breast cancer. Methods: We examined these possibilities in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP) (1,508 cases, 1,556 controls), which included exposure assessment by structured questionnaire and serum samples collected between 1996–1998, using adjusted logistic and polytomous regression to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Results: Women with ER+PR+ breast cancer had a 44% increased odds of ever seeing a pre-1972 fogger truck compared to other subtypes (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.08-1.93). However, there was little variation in the observed increase in breast cancer risk when considering all women who reported seeing a pre-1972 fogger truck at their residence (OR = 1.16; 95% CI 0.98, 1.37), or during hypothesized susceptible windows. Self-reported acute exposure was not correlated with serum concentrations, a biomarker of long-term exposure. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that seeing a fogger truck, a proxy measure for acute DDT exposure, may be associated with ER+PR+ tumors, the most commonly diagnosed breast cancer subtype among American women.

Published
2013

7. Vehicular Traffic–Related Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure and Breast Cancer Incidence: The Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP)

Author

Mordukhovich, Irina, Beyea, Jan, Herring, Amy H., Hatch, Maureen, Stellman, Steven D., Teitelbaum, Susan L., Richardson, David B., Millikan, Robert C., Engel, Lawrence S., Shantakumar, Sumitra, Steck, Susan E., Neugut, Alfred I., Rossner, Pavel, Santella, Regina M., and Gammon, Marilie D.

Subjects
Public health, 13. Climate action, Epidemiology, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Motor vehicles--Motors--Exhaust gas--Health aspects, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 3. Good health
Abstract

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants, known human lung carcinogens, and potent mammary carcinogens in laboratory animals. However, the association between PAHs and breast cancer in women is unclear. Vehicular traffic is a major ambient source of PAH exposure. Objectives: Our study aim was to evaluate the association between residential exposure to vehicular traffic and breast cancer incidence. Methods: Residential histories of 1,508 participants with breast cancer (case participants) and 1,556 particpants with no breast cancer (control participants) were assessed in a population-based investigation conducted in 1996–1997. Traffic exposure estimates of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), as a proxy for traffic-related PAHs, for the years 1960–1995 were reconstructed using a model previously shown to generate estimates consistent with measured soil PAHs, PAH–DNA adducts, and CO readings. Associations between vehicular traffic exposure estimates and breast cancer incidence were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression. Results: The odds ratio (95% CI) was modestly elevated by 1.44 (0.78, 2.68) for the association between breast cancer and long-term 1960–1990 vehicular traffic estimates in the top 5%, compared with below the median. The association with recent 1995 traffic exposure was elevated by 1.14 (0.80, 1.64) for the top 5%, compared with below the median, which was stronger among women with low fruit/vegetable intake [1.46 (0.89, 2.40)], but not among those with high fruit/vegetable intake [0.92 (0.53, 1.60)]. Among the subset of women with information regarding traffic exposure and tumor hormone receptor subtype, the traffic–breast cancer association was higher for those with estrogen/progesterone-negative tumors [1.67 (0.91, 3.05) relative to control participants], but lower among all other tumor subtypes [0.80 (0.50, 1.27) compared with control participants]. Conclusions: In our population-based study, we observed positive associations between vehicular traffic-related B[a]P exposure and breast cancer incidence among women with comparatively high long-term traffic B[a]P exposures, although effect estimates were imprecise.

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