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Laurenceomyia peixotoi Santos, Brazil & Pinto sp. nov. (Figs. 1–4) Diagnosis. Male. Eyes separated by approximately 3.0 facet diameters, wing with Sc ending after level of radial fork, reaching C, cross vein r-m complete, reaching M, M 2 incomplete, not reaching M 1, gonocoxite with apical projection tuber and spiny apex, gonostylus forked with tubercle on the inner face and spatulated aedeagus. Description. Male. Length from thorax to the posterior end of terminalia: 4.6 -mm. Head. Sub-circular slightly flattened dorsoventrally. Eyes separated by approximately 3.0 facet diameters: frontal area with 18 seta alveoli. Scape irregular, pedicel sub-spherical. Antenna incomplete, only five flagellomeres present; length of flagellomeres 2+3 combined 0.8 times the length of flagellomere 1; pair of ascoids in flagellomeres presents. Palpus formula (1+2:3:4:5) = 0.9: 1.7: 2.2: 4.5. Sensilla absent on second and third segment of palpus; apical segment striated (fig. 1). Wing. Length: 3.8 mm. Sc ending after level of radial fork, reaching C; cross vein sc-r reaching R 1; R 2+3 shorter than R; base of R 5 reaching R 4; cross vein r-m complete, reaching M: M 2 incomplete, not reaching M 1 (fig. 2). Terminalia. Hypandrium fused to gonocoxites; gonocoxite cylindrical with apical projection in tuberculum with apical spines. Gonostylus bifurcate, length equivalent to gonocoxite, little tuberculum on the inner face. Presence of the semi foliaceous spines on lower surface, extending from the base up to midpoint. A pair of parameres short with salience ventral. Aedeagus spatulated, extending beyond the length of gonocoxites. Ejaculatory duct cylindrical with apical collar and sclerotized with truncate apex in dorsal view with marginal setae (fig. 3). Cercus broadly round in lateral view, connected ventromedially by narrow sclerotized band. Epandrium rectangular in ventral view. (fig. 4). Etymology. The species is named after Dr. Alexandre Afranio Peixoto (in memorian) in honor of his contributions to the study of Psychodidae from Brazil. Material examined. Holotype male, Brazil, Acre: Brasiléia, Ramal 4 (S 10° 56’ 43”, W 68° 42’ 13”), 12.ii.2016, Pinto I.S. col. (MZUZP) Remarks. Laurenceomyia peixotoi Santos, Brazil & Pinto sp. nov. Morphologically resembles species that have gonocoxite with apical spines also seen in Laurenceomyia capixaba (Santos, Falqueto & Alexander), Laurenceomyia dampfianus (Alexander), Laurenceomyia pilipes (Tonnoir), and Laurenceomyia similis (Wagner & Stuckenberg). The distal bifurcation of the radial vein is shared by these species. Laurenceomyia peixotoi sp. nov. can be distinguished from L. capixaba by presenting only one tuberculum on the gonocoxite while this species has two and L. dampfianus has no tuberculum on the gonocoxite. In L. pilipes the difference lies in the gonostylus, while in L. similis the difference is in the parameres and gonostyli. This new species is distinguished from other Laurenceomyia species by the bifurcated aspect of gonostylus and the presence of a slight tuberculum on its inner face.

Genus Laurenceomyia Wagner & Stuckenberg, 2016 The Laurenceomyia genus was dedicated to Lawrence W. Quate for his contribution to the psychodids studies and its type species is Laurenceomyia dampfianus (Alexander). According to cladistics analysis, the diagnostic characters of this genus are: aedeagus about as long as ejaculatory apodeme and gonocoxites; gonocoxites with mesal projection near apex; gonostyli elongate, straight along most of their length, subapically strongly bent with blunt apex., Published as part of Santos, Claudiney Biral Dos, Brazil, Reginaldo Pe��anha & Pinto, Israel De Souza, 2021, New species of Boreofairchildia Wagner & Stuckenberg and Laurenceomyia Wagner & Stuckenberg (Diptera: Psychodidae: Bruchomyiinae) from Brazil, pp. 391-395 in Zootaxa 4974 (2) on page 392, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4775795

Santos, Claudiney Biral Dos, Brazil, Reginaldo Peçanha, Pinto, Israel De Souza (2021): New species of Boreofairchildia Wagner & Stuckenberg and Laurenceomyia Wagner & Stuckenberg (Diptera: Psychodidae: Bruchomyiinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 4974 (2): 391-395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.8

INTRODUCTION: Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi in the Americas. METHODS: Phlebotomine captures were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in a rural area endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the municipality of Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: Among other species captured, we observed the presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in this region, demonstrating the potential risk of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the coastal area of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Therefore, active vigilance by all municipalities in the area is necessary. INTRODUÇÃO: Lutzomyia longipalpis é o principal transmissor da Leishmania infantum chagasi nas Américas. MÉTODOS: Capturas de flebotomineos, utilizando armadilhas luminosas, foram realizadas durante 2008/2009 em uma área rural, endêmica para leishmaniose cutânea, localizada no Maciço de Mato Grosso no Município de Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTADOS: Entre outras espécies capturadas observamos a presença da Lutzomyia longipalpis. CONCLUSÕES: Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência do vetor da leishmaniose visceral (Lutzomyia longipalpis) nesta área litorânea do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, significando um risco potencial na transmissão da leishmaniose visceral sendo necessária uma vigilância ativa por todos os municípios próximos.

INTRODUCTION: The work was conducted to study phlebotomine fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and aspects of American cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in a forested area where Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis occurs, situated in the municipality of Bela Vista, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: The captures were conducted with modified Disney traps, using hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) as bait, from May 2004 to January 2006. RESULTS: Ten species of phlebotomine sandflies were captured: Brumptomyia avellari, Brumptomyia brumpti, Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, Evandromyia bourrouli, Evandromyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Psathyromyia campograndensis, Psathyromyia punctigeniculata, Psathyromyia shannoni and Sciopemyia sordellii. The two predominant species were Ev bourrouli (57.3%) and Bi flaviscutellata (41.4%), present at all sampling sites. Two of the 36 hamsters used as bait presented natural infection with Leishmania. The parasite was identified as Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the results revealed the efficiency of Disney traps for capturing Bichromomyia flaviscutellata and the simultaneous presence of both vector and the Leishmania species transmitted by the same can be considered a predictive factor of the occurrence of leishmaniasis outbreaks for the human population that occupies the location. INTRODUÇÃO: O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar a fauna de flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) e aspectos ligados à transmissão da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em uma área florestal com ocorrência de Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, situada no município de Bela Vista, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. MÉTODOS: As capturas de flebotomíneos foram realizadas utilizando-se armadilhas tipo Disney modificadas, com isca roedor, Mesocricetus auratus, no período de maio de 2004 a janeiro de 2006. RESULTADOS: As coletas resultaram na identificação de 10 espécies de Phlebotominae: Brumptomyia avellari, Brumptomyia brumpti, Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, Evandromyia bourrouli, Evandromyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Psathyromyia campograndensis, Psathyromyia punctigeniculata, Psathyromyia shannoni e Sciopemyia sordellii. As duas espécies predominantes foram Ev bourrouli, com 57,3% dos espécimes coletados, e Bi. flaviscutellata, representada por 41,4% e que esteve presente em todos os locais amostrados. Dois hamsters sentinelas adquiriram a infecção natural, sendo os isolados identificados como Leishmania amazonensis. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostram a eficiência das armadilhas Disney para captura de Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, e a presença simultânea de ambos, o vetor e a espécie de Leishmania por ele transmitida pode ser considerada um fator preditor da ocorrência de leishmaniose para a população humana que permanecer nesse local.