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1. Facilitating Non-HEP Career Transition

Author

Malik, Sudhir, Karadzhinova-Ferrer, Aneliya, Hogan, Julie, Bray, Rachel, Kamalieddin, Rami, Flood, Kevin, El-Zant, Amr, Fidalgo, Guillermo, Bruhwiler, David, and Bellis, Matt

Subjects
Physics - Physics Education, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

About two-third of Physics PhDs establish careers outside of academia and the national laboratories in areas like Software, Instrumentation, Data Science, Finance, Healthcare, Journalism, Public Policy and Non-Governmental Organization. Skills and knowledge developed during HEPA (High Energy Physics and Astrophysics) research as an undergraduate, graduate or a postdoc level (collectively called early career) have been long sought after in industry. These skills are complex problem solving abilities, software programming, data analysis, math, statistics and scientific writing, to name a few. Given that a vast majority transition to the industry jobs, existing paths for such transition should be strengthened and new ways of facilitating it be identified and developed. A strong engagement between HEPA and its alumni would be a pre-requisite for this. It might also lead to creative ways to reverse the "brain drain" by encouraging alumni to collaborate on HEPA research projects or possibly come back full time to research. We motivate and discuss below several actionable recommendations by which HEPA institutions as well as HEPA faculty mentors can strengthen both ability to identify non-HEP career opportunities for students and post-docs as well as help more fully develop skills such as effective networking, resume building, project management, risk assessment, budget planning, to name a few. This will help prepare early career HEPA scientists for successfully transitioning from academia to the diverse array of non-traditional careers available. HEPA alumni can play a pivotal role by engaging in this process., Comment: Submitted as part of Snowmass2021 Proceedings for Community Engagement Frontier (CEF). The name of working group is Career Pipeline and Development. In the new version, two authors name (2nd and 3rd in the list) are separated by a comma which was not teh case before

Published
2022

4. Rehabilitation versus surgical reconstruction for non-acute anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL SNNAP): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial

Author

Emsley, Richard, Peat, George, Snow, Martyn, Campbell, Marion, Howell, Tessa, Johnson, Hilary, McDonnell, Stephen, Pinkney, Thomas, Williams, Mark, Campbell, Helen, Davies, Jackie, Li, Jiyang, Bagg, Christina, Haywood, Laura, Nicholson, Anne, Riches, Joanne, Symons, Sean, Vertue, Mark, Al Mouazzen, Louay, Bray, Rachel, Clark, Damian, Coulthard, James, Holland, Tim, Howells, Nick, Jones, Andrew, Kapur, Richard, Kiszely, Alastair, Krishnan, Harry, MacDonald-Taylor, Karen, Manara, Jon, Murray, James, Negrut, Corina, Pai, Vishai, Porteous, Andrew, Putnis, Sven, Robinson, James, Rupasinghe, Shav, Selvaratnam, Veenesh, Smith, James, Smith, Nick, Stevens, Jarrad, Taylor, Clare, Theodorides, Anthony, Vetharajan, Niraj, Vint, Helen, Young, Lucy, Bullock, Susan, Cook, Rebecca, Dodds, Alexander, Freeman-Hicks, Amanda, Hillout, Paula, Cornell, Thomas, Coutts, Abbie, Dean, Suzy, Devooght-Johnson, Nicki, Ferrell, Emma, Fletcher, Eve, Hall, Chrissie, Kent, Benjamin, Kessly, Sandra, Kincaid, Robin, Lazizi, Mohamed, Mostafa, Ahmed, Nisbett, Toby, Powell, Tim, Riddlestone, Peter, Roberton, Andrew, Summers, Jessica, Whitbread, Lucy, Wroath, Belinda, Fenlon, Emma, Hall, Andrew, Jeffrey, Helen, Thonse, Raghuram, Dunne, Debra, Metcalfe, Andy, McGowan, Kerri, Middleton, Simon, Shah, Feisal, Spalding, Tim, Marie Suddens, Charlie, Sweed, Tamar, Teuke, Joanna, Thompson, Peter, Wright, David, Amero, Justine, Brown, Emma, Chissell, Hugh, Croucher, Andrea, Dickinson, Gareth, Hawkes-Blackburn, Catherine, Peacocke, Alice, Smith, Graham, Snipe, Carol, Dearnley, Kim, Mayahi, Reza, Andrews, Barry, Barcelona, Massimo, Giles, Hazel, Gokturk, Abdulkerim, Harnett, Paul, Jeeves, Katie, Kadunyi, Joyce, Mendoza, Sheena, Reichert, Ines, Santamaria, Marta, Virdee, Harshinder, Anand, Sanjeev, Aslam-Pervez, Nayef, Draycott, Stephen, Howarth, Faye, Jina, Irfan, Maher, Niall, Ross, Denise, Worstenholme, Lindsey, Baig, Abdul, Bhaskaran, Arun, Banks, Daniel, Brear, Tracy, Christie, Carla, Cowen, Laura, Davis, Jack, Dixey, Ross, Esler, Colin, Essop-Adam, Amirah, Haines, Christina, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Varachia, Husein, Wood, Richard, Gray, Glaxy, Nichols, Jessica, Panes, Alice, Partridge, Susan, Rogerson, Lawrie, Sharma, Pankaj, Triggs, David, Venables, Ian, Wilcock, Danielle, Buckley, Sarah, Darian, Thelma, Denis, Elizabeth, Duncan, Jo, Hirst, Charlotte, Newman, James, Richardson, Fern, Smith, Jon, Adcode, Megan, Cottingham, Megan, Foster, Eliza, Kelly, Andrew, McKay, Niamh, Rewbury, Jane, Whitcher, Alison, Williams, James, Zebracki, Esther, Davies, Llinos, Jayachandran, Jayadeep, Tardivel, Alison, Whitehead, Victoria, Batting, Martha, Bond, Amy, Deakin, Marc, Dodd, Christopher, Hudak, Alison, Hynes, Samantha, Jones, Luke, Lang, Gail, McKenna, David, Morris, Susan, Scott-Dempster, Clare, Sykes, Adam, Vichos, Iason, Wood, Simon, Clifton, Rupert, Diaz, Stephanie, Hendy, Craig, Modi, Nishil, O'Mahony, Brendan, O'Sullivan, Susan, Parker, Nicola, Pecheva, Mira, Rumonovic, Rowan, McLoughlin, Emma, Rushbrook, Jeremy, Thornhill, Anna, Parkinson, Valerie, Sales, Rafael, Van De Snepscheut-Jones, Katja, Wilcock, David, Wright, Daniel, Allison, Joanna, Baker, Simon, Beesley, Kate, Ferrari, Gill, Lankester, Benedict, Lewis, Alison, Lyons, Joanne, O'Callaghan, Jamie, Sutcliffe, Sarah, Wood, Dianne, Bannister, Emily, Brown, Chloe, Burden, Debbie, Campbell, Terence, Craig, Emma, Easow, Rashmi, Foxton, Julie, Hazlerigg, Alexandra, Jayabev, Chethan, Murdoch, Rosie, Parsons, Georgie, Brown, Harry, Carvelli, Paula, Montaser, Rugaia, Pepper, Ali, Sivarajan, Sinduja, Templeton-Ward, Oliver, Wilson, Eva, Cronin, Julie, Diment, Sarah, King, Victoria, Shean, Katharine, Vachtsevanos, Leonidas, Wilcocks, Katharine, Wilson, Ben, McNestry, Paul, Ollerenshaw, Joanna, Stoddard, James, Sutton, Paul, Anand, Sanjay, Bell, Judith, Chikate, Albert, Daniel, Diane, Davies, Timothy, Finnigan, Tom, Frasquet-Garcia, Antonio, Hopkins, Susan, Kerrison, Sharon, McGowan, Angela, Sands Johnson, David, Smith, Lara, Turner, Philip, Wilkinson, Helen, Allsop, Lynne, Anthony, Deborah, Boulton, Rebecca, Brown, Sarah, Desai, Vikram, Gill, Mandy, Heeley, Cheryl, Kulkarni, Sushrut, Lovegrove, Wayne, Nash, Dominic, Ann Sewell, Terri, Shelton, Sarah, Slack, Katie, Cartwright, James, Connor, Lynda, Davies, Andrew, Davies, Caroline, Gainard, Glyn, Graham-Woollard, Dave, Murphy, Carl, Quinn, Leanne, Thomas, Caradog, Travers, Jenny, Williams, Marie, Bell, Amanda, Deo, Sunny, Francis, Katharine, Jackson, Tracy, McCafferty, Laura, Navadgi, Basalingappa, Plank, Karan, Satish, Venkat, Thelwall, Claire, Knight, Rachel, Patel, Rahul, Paton, Bruce, Acharya, Ashutosh, Aland, Utuman, Areirobulos, Miltiades, de Feyter, Pascal, Ditchfield, Lisa, Iqbaz, Hafiz, Massey, Daniel, Stables, Gareth, Appleby, Sarah, Brown, Michael, Cable, Sarah, Damen, Alexander, Da Rocha, Joana, Foster, Louise, Hamilton, Elizabeth, Hatton, Catriona, Honeywell, Cassie, Kulkarni, Kunal, Markham, Lucy, Mohammed, Haadiya, O'Grady, John, Joshi, Yogesh, Mclintock, Heather, Morgan, Tania, Stockport, Jane, Agrawal, Pranshu, Armstrong, Jo, Briggs, Shannon, Coupe, Ben, Evans, Anne, Gilbert, Rob, Latham, Sandra, Mohammed, Aslam, Beard, David J, Davies, Loretta, Cook, Jonathan A, Stokes, Jamie, Leal, Jose, Fletcher, Heidi, Abram, Simon, Chegwin, Katie, Greshon, Akiko, Jackson, William, Bottomley, Nicholas, Dodd, Matt, Bourke, Henry, Shirkey, Beverly A, Paez, Arsenio, Lamb, Sarah E, Barker, Karen, Phillips, Michael, Brown, Mark, Lythe, Vanessa, Mirza, Burhan, Carr, Andrew, Monk, Paul, Morgado Areia, Carlos, O'Leary, Sean, Haddad, Fares, Wilson, Chris, and Price, Andrew

Published
2022
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8. Hazardous alcohol use and HIV indicators in six African countries: results from the Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments, 2015–2017

Author

Chang, Gregory C., West, Christine A., Kim, Evelyn, Low, Andrea J., Lancaster, Kathryn E., Behel, Stephanie S., Hong, Steven Y., Miller, Leigh Ann, Silver, Rachel, Mgomella, George S., Imaa, Jennifer, Maokola, Werner M., Carpino, Thomas, Hrusa, Gili, Bray, Rachel M., Mwila, Annie, Musuka, Godfrey, O'Connell, Christopher, Mccracken, Stephen, and Voetsch, Andrew C.

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors, Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Hazardous alcohol use (HAU), defined as a pattern of alcohol consumption that increases the risk of harmful consequences for the user or others, is associated with an elevated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and poor health outcomes. We describe the association between people living with HIV (PLHIV) who report HAU and key HIV indicators. Gaps in current literature in estimating HAU on HIV outcomes at the regional level of Eastern and Southern Africa still exist and our analysis aims to address this issue. Methods: We used weighted pooled data (2015–2017) from the nationally representative Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments among adults who provided written consent aged 18–59 years from Eswatini, Malawi, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. We estimated differences in the prevalence of HIV infection and The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 90‐90‐90 indicators between PLHIV by HAU status using log‐binomial regression, stratified by sex. HAU was determined using the Alcohol Use Identification Test—Consumption. Results: Among the 9755 women and 4444 men who tested HIV positive, 6.6% of women and 21.8% of men engaged in HAU. Women who reported HAU were more likely to be HIV positive (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18–1.46) compared to those who did not report HAU. For the UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 targets, women who engaged in HAU were more likely to be unaware of their HIV‐positive status (aPR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.47) and not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (aPR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.26–2.37). Men who engaged in HAU were more likely to be unaware of their HIV‐positive status (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.39–1.76) and not on ART (aPR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.30–2.29). No difference in viral load suppression, defined as Conclusions: PLHIV who engage in HAU were more likely to have suboptimal outcomes along the HIV care continuum when compared to those who did not engage in HAU. Targeted interventions, such as alcohol screening for HAU in HIV testing and treatment settings and HIV prevention efforts in alcohol‐based venues, may help countries reach HIV epidemic control by 2030., INTRODUCTION As of 2020, Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) account for approximately 20.7 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), resulting in 55% of all infections globally and 44% [...]

Published
2022
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9. Progress towards the UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 targets among persons aged 50 and older living with HIV in 13 African countries

Author

Farley, Shannon M., Wang, Chunhui, Bray, Rachel M., Low, Andrea Jane, Delgado, Stephen, Hoos, David, Kakishozi, Angela N., Harris, Tiffany G., Nyirenda, Rose, Wadonda, Nellie, Li, Michelle, Amuri, Mbaraka, Juma, James, Kancheya, Nzali, Pietersen, Ismela, Mutenda, Nicholus, Natanael, Salomo, Aoko, Appolonia, Ngugi, Evelyn W., Asiimwe, Fred, Lecher, Shirley, Ward, Jennifer, Chikwanda, Prisca, Mugurungi, Owen, Moyo, Brian, Nkurunziza, Peter, Aibo, Dorothy, Kabala, Andrew, Biraro, Sam, Ndagije, Felix, Musuka, Godfrey, Ndongmo, Clement, Shang, Judith, Dokubo, Emily K., Dimite, Laura E., Mccullough?Sanden, Rachel, Bissek, Anne?Cecile, Getaneh, Yimam, Eshetu, Frehywot, Nkumbula, Tepa, Tenthani, Lyson, Kayigamba, Felix R., Kirungi, Wilford, Musinguzi, Joshua, Balachandra, Shirish, Kayirangwa, Eugenie, Ayite, Ayayi, West, Christine A., Bodika, Stephane, Sleeman, Katrina, Patel, Hetal K., Brown, Kristin, Voetsch, Andrew C., El?Sadr, Wafaa M., and Justman, Jessica E.

Subjects
Health status indicators -- Evaluation, AIDS (Disease) -- Research, AIDS research, Public health administration -- Evaluation, HIV infection -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Achieving optimal HIV outcomes, as measured by global 90‐90‐90 targets, that is awareness of HIV‐positive status, receipt of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy among aware and viral load (VL) suppression among those on ARVs, respectively, is critical. However, few data from sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) are available on older people (50+) living with HIV (OPLWH). We examined 90‐90‐90 progress by age, 15–49 (as a comparison) and 50+ years, with further analyses among 50+ (55–59, 60–64, 65+ vs. 50–54), in 13 countries (Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Methods: Using data from nationally representative Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments, conducted between 2015and 2019, participants from randomly selected households provided demographic and clinical information and whole blood specimens for HIV serology, VL and ARV testing. Survey weighted outcomes were estimated for 90‐90‐90 targets. Country‐specific Poisson regression models examined 90‐90‐90 variation among OPLWH age strata. Results: Analyses included 24,826 HIV‐positive individuals (15–49 years: 20,170; 50+ years: 4656). The first, second and third 90 outcomes were achieved in 1, 10 and 5 countries, respectively, by those aged 15–49, while OPLWH achieved outcomes in 3, 13 and 12 countries, respectively. Among those aged 15–49, women were more likely to achieve 90‐90‐90 targets than men; however, among OPLWH, men were more likely to achieve first and third 90 targets than women, with second 90 achievement being equivalent. Country‐specific 90‐90‐90 regression models among OPLWH demonstrated minimal variation by age stratum across 13 countries. Among OLPWH, no first 90 target differences were noted by age strata; three countries varied in the second 90 by older age strata but not in a consistent direction; one country showed higher achievement of the third 90 in an older age stratum. Conclusions: While OPLWH in these 13 countries were slightly more likely than younger people to be aware of their HIV‐positive status (first 90), this target was not achieved in most countries. However, OPLWH achieved treatment (second 90) and VL suppression (third 90) targets in more countries than PLWH, INTRODUCTION Persons living with HIV (PLWH), including those in low‐ and middle‐income countries, have experienced extended life expectancies due to the success of antiretroviral (ARV) therapies [1]. In 2014, the [...]

Published
2022
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10. Correlating the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology with Histology and Extent of Surgery: A Review of 21,746 Patients from Four Endocrine Surgery Registries Across Two Continents

Author

Inabnet, III, William B., Palazzo, Fausto, Sosa, Julie Ann, Kriger, Joshua, Aspinall, Sebastian, Barczynski, Marcin, Doherty, Gerard, Iacobone, Maurizio, Nordenstrom, Erik, Scott-Coombes, David, Wallin, Goran, Williams, Lauren, Bray, Rachel, and Bergenfelz, Anders

Published
2020
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11. Correcting for selection bias in HIV prevalence estimates: an application of sample selection models using data from population‐based HIV surveys in seven sub‐Saharan African countries

Author

Palma, Anton M., Marra, Giampiero, Bray, Rachel, Saito, Suzue, Awor, Anna Colletar, Jalloh, Mohamed F., Kailembo, Alexander, Kirungi, Wilford, Mgomella, George S., Njau, Prosper, Voetsch, Andrew C., Ward, Jennifer A., Bärnighausen, Till, and Harling, Guy

Subjects
Selection bias -- Forecasts and trends, HIV infection -- Distribution -- Analysis, Market trend/market analysis, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Population‐based biomarker surveys are the gold standard for estimating HIV prevalence but are susceptible to substantial non‐participation (up to 30%). Analytical missing data methods, including inverse‐probability weighting (IPW) and multiple imputation (MI), are biased when data are missing‐not‐at‐random, for example when people living with HIV more frequently decline participation. Heckman‐type selection models can, under certain assumptions, recover unbiased prevalence estimates in such scenarios. Methods: We pooled data from 142,706 participants aged 15–49 years from nationally representative cross‐sectional Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments in seven countries in sub‐Saharan Africa, conducted between 2015 and 2018 in Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho and Eswatini. We compared sex‐stratified HIV prevalence estimates from unadjusted, IPW, MI and selection models, controlling for household and individual‐level predictors of non‐participation, and assessed the sensitivity of selection models to the copula function specifying the correlation between study participation and HIV status. Results: In total, 84.1% of participants provided a blood sample to determine HIV serostatus (range: 76% in Malawi to 95% in Uganda). HIV prevalence estimates from selection models diverged from IPW and MI models by up to 5% in Lesotho, without substantial precision loss. In Tanzania, the IPW model yielded lower HIV prevalence estimates among males than the best‐fitting copula selection model (3.8% vs. 7.9%). Conclusions: We demonstrate how HIV prevalence estimates from selection models can differ from those obtained under missing‐at‐random assumptions. Further benefits include exploration of plausible relationships between participation and outcome. While selection models require additional assumptions and careful specification, they are an important tool for triangulating prevalence estimates in surveys with substantial missing data due to non‐participation., INTRODUCTION Accurate HIV prevalence estimates are crucial for monitoring HIV disease burden and guiding testing and clinical management. However, population‐based HIV biomarker surveys, the gold standard for estimating HIV prevalence, [...]

Published
2022
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16. Correcting for selection bias in HIV prevalence estimates: an application of sample selection models using data from population-based HIV surveys in seven sub-Saharan African countries

Author

Palma, Anton M, Marra, Giampiero, Bray, Rachel, Saito, Suzue, Awor, Anna Colletar, Jalloh, Mohamed F, Kailembo, Alexander, Kirungi, Wilford, Mgomella, George S, Njau, Prosper, Voetsch, Andrew C, Ward, Jennifer A, Bärnighausen, Till, Harling, Guy, Palma, Anton M [0000-0003-1009-4701], Harling, Guy [0000-0001-6604-491X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, selection models, population surveys, non-participation, HIV Infections, Middle Aged, RESEARCH ARTICLES, RESEARCH ARTICLE, non‐participation, HIV prevalence, missing data, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, surveillance, Prevalence, Humans, Africa South of the Sahara, Selection Bias
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Population-based biomarker surveys are the gold standard for estimating HIV prevalence but are susceptible to substantial non-participation (up to 30%). Analytical missing data methods, including inverse-probability weighting (IPW) and multiple imputation (MI), are biased when data are missing-not-at-random, for example when people living with HIV more frequently decline participation. Heckman-type selection models can, under certain assumptions, recover unbiased prevalence estimates in such scenarios. METHODS: We pooled data from 142,706 participants aged 15-49 years from nationally representative cross-sectional Population-based HIV Impact Assessments in seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa, conducted between 2015 and 2018 in Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho and Eswatini. We compared sex-stratified HIV prevalence estimates from unadjusted, IPW, MI and selection models, controlling for household and individual-level predictors of non-participation, and assessed the sensitivity of selection models to the copula function specifying the correlation between study participation and HIV status. RESULTS: In total, 84.1% of participants provided a blood sample to determine HIV serostatus (range: 76% in Malawi to 95% in Uganda). HIV prevalence estimates from selection models diverged from IPW and MI models by up to 5% in Lesotho, without substantial precision loss. In Tanzania, the IPW model yielded lower HIV prevalence estimates among males than the best-fitting copula selection model (3.8% vs. 7.9%). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate how HIV prevalence estimates from selection models can differ from those obtained under missing-at-random assumptions. Further benefits include exploration of plausible relationships between participation and outcome. While selection models require additional assumptions and careful specification, they are an important tool for triangulating prevalence estimates in surveys with substantial missing data due to non-participation.

Published
2022
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18. Predictors of HIV testing among youth 15–24 years in urban Ethiopia, 2017–2018 Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment.

Author

Ajiboye, Aderonke S., Eshetu, Frehywot, Lulseged, Sileshi, Getaneh, Yimam, Tademe, Nadew, Kifle, Tsigereda, Bray, Rachel, Eshete, Hailegnaw, Demissie, Yohannes, Dykewicz, Clare A., and Hoos, David

Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections, YOUNG adults, HIV, TEENAGE boys, DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics, PRENATAL care, HIV status, LOGISTIC regression analysis
Abstract

Introduction: Youth (adolescents and young adults) aged 15–24 years comprise approximately 22% of Ethiopia's total population and make up 0.73% of HIV cases in urban Ethiopia. However, only 63% of HIV-positive youth are aware of their HIV status. We describe the HIV testing behaviors of youth 15–24 years and determined the characteristics of those who were most likely to be tested for HIV within the past year. Methods: Using data from the 2017–2018 Ethiopia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment, we provide survey-weighted estimates and prevalence risk ratios for engagement in HIV testing in the 12 months preceding the survey. We model the likelihood of HIV testing one year or more before the survey compared to never testing, using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results: Among HIV-negative and unaware HIV-positive youth 15–24 years old (N = 7,508), 21.8% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 20.4–23.3%] reported testing for HIV in the last 12 months. Female youth [Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4–1.8], those aged 20–24 years (PR = 2.6, 95% CI:2.3–2.9), and those ever married (PR = 2.8, 95% CI: 2.5–3.1) were more likely to have tested for HIV within the last year. Adjusting for select demographic characteristics, sex with a non-spousal or non-live-in partner [Relative Risk (RR) = 0.3, 95% CI:0.1–0.8] among males did not increase their likelihood to test for HIV in the prior 12 months. Female youth engaged in antenatal care (RR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.7–5.3) were more likely to test for HIV in the past year. Conclusion: The Ethiopian HIV case finding strategy may consider approaches for reaching untested youth, with a specific focus on adolescent males,15–19 years of age. This is critical towards achieving the UNAIDS HIV testing goal of 95% of all individuals living with HIV aware of their status by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Children and Participation in South Africa: Exploring the Landscape

Author

Bray, Rachel and Moses, Sue

Abstract

Much of the literature on children's participation distinguishes sharply between "informal" and "formal" forms of participation, which although analytically convenient, may limit possibilities for theorising. This paper examines tensions and links between children's informal and formal participation, and looks at how participation is constituted in and by different social spaces in South Africa. Some of the ways in which children have participated in public matters prior to and following the advent of democracy in South Africa are examined, e.g. through public protest, school governance, law and policy development and service delivery. Shifts in the political landscape since apartheid are shown to have both opened and closed spaces and opportunities for children to influence decision making. Ultimately, a shrinking of informal spaces and the limited functioning of formal spaces due to popular attitudes and socio-economic factors has resulted in a constrained participation environment. Small shifts, however, in acknowledgement of the multiple ways that children collectively and individually contribute to the unfolding of everyday life, the emergence of new informal spaces and a broadening of the focus of participation initiatives, may herald an opportunity to move beyond often formulaic "formal" participation in governance to a broader inclusion of children in decision making.

Published
2011

21. Rehabilitation versus surgical reconstruction for non-acute anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL SNNAP): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial

Author

Beard, David J, primary, Davies, Loretta, additional, Cook, Jonathan A, additional, Stokes, Jamie, additional, Leal, Jose, additional, Fletcher, Heidi, additional, Abram, Simon, additional, Chegwin, Katie, additional, Greshon, Akiko, additional, Jackson, William, additional, Bottomley, Nicholas, additional, Dodd, Matt, additional, Bourke, Henry, additional, Shirkey, Beverly A, additional, Paez, Arsenio, additional, Lamb, Sarah E, additional, Barker, Karen, additional, Phillips, Michael, additional, Brown, Mark, additional, Lythe, Vanessa, additional, Mirza, Burhan, additional, Carr, Andrew, additional, Monk, Paul, additional, Morgado Areia, Carlos, additional, O'Leary, Sean, additional, Haddad, Fares, additional, Wilson, Chris, additional, Price, Andrew, additional, Emsley, Richard, additional, Peat, George, additional, Snow, Martyn, additional, Campbell, Marion, additional, Howell, Tessa, additional, Johnson, Hilary, additional, McDonnell, Stephen, additional, Pinkney, Thomas, additional, Williams, Mark, additional, Campbell, Helen, additional, Davies, Jackie, additional, Li, Jiyang, additional, Bagg, Christina, additional, Haywood, Laura, additional, Nicholson, Anne, additional, Riches, Joanne, additional, Symons, Sean, additional, Vertue, Mark, additional, Al Mouazzen, Louay, additional, Bray, Rachel, additional, Clark, Damian, additional, Coulthard, James, additional, Holland, Tim, additional, Howells, Nick, additional, Jones, Andrew, additional, Kapur, Richard, additional, Kiszely, Alastair, additional, Krishnan, Harry, additional, MacDonald-Taylor, Karen, additional, Manara, Jon, additional, Murray, James, additional, Negrut, Corina, additional, Pai, Vishai, additional, Porteous, Andrew, additional, Putnis, Sven, additional, Robinson, James, additional, Rupasinghe, Shav, additional, Selvaratnam, Veenesh, additional, Smith, James, additional, Smith, Nick, additional, Stevens, Jarrad, additional, Taylor, Clare, additional, Theodorides, Anthony, additional, Vetharajan, Niraj, additional, Vint, Helen, additional, Young, Lucy, additional, Bullock, Susan, additional, Cook, Rebecca, additional, Dodds, Alexander, additional, Freeman-Hicks, Amanda, additional, Hillout, Paula, additional, Cornell, Thomas, additional, Coutts, Abbie, additional, Dean, Suzy, additional, Devooght-Johnson, Nicki, additional, Ferrell, Emma, additional, Fletcher, Eve, additional, Hall, Chrissie, additional, Kent, Benjamin, additional, Kessly, Sandra, additional, Kincaid, Robin, additional, Lazizi, Mohamed, additional, Mostafa, Ahmed, additional, Nisbett, Toby, additional, Powell, Tim, additional, Riddlestone, Peter, additional, Roberton, Andrew, additional, Summers, Jessica, additional, Whitbread, Lucy, additional, Wroath, Belinda, additional, Fenlon, Emma, additional, Hall, Andrew, additional, Jeffrey, Helen, additional, Thonse, Raghuram, additional, Dunne, Debra, additional, Metcalfe, Andy, additional, McGowan, Kerri, additional, Middleton, Simon, additional, Shah, Feisal, additional, Spalding, Tim, additional, Marie Suddens, Charlie, additional, Sweed, Tamar, additional, Teuke, Joanna, additional, Thompson, Peter, additional, Wright, David, additional, Amero, Justine, additional, Brown, Emma, additional, Chissell, Hugh, additional, Croucher, Andrea, additional, Dickinson, Gareth, additional, Hawkes-Blackburn, Catherine, additional, Peacocke, Alice, additional, Smith, Graham, additional, Snipe, Carol, additional, Dearnley, Kim, additional, Mayahi, Reza, additional, Andrews, Barry, additional, Barcelona, Massimo, additional, Giles, Hazel, additional, Gokturk, Abdulkerim, additional, Harnett, Paul, additional, Jeeves, Katie, additional, Kadunyi, Joyce, additional, Mendoza, Sheena, additional, Reichert, Ines, additional, Santamaria, Marta, additional, Virdee, Harshinder, additional, Anand, Sanjeev, additional, Aslam-Pervez, Nayef, additional, Draycott, Stephen, additional, Howarth, Faye, additional, Jina, Irfan, additional, Maher, Niall, additional, Ross, Denise, additional, Worstenholme, Lindsey, additional, Baig, Abdul, additional, Bhaskaran, Arun, additional, Banks, Daniel, additional, Brear, Tracy, additional, Christie, Carla, additional, Cowen, Laura, additional, Davis, Jack, additional, Dixey, Ross, additional, Esler, Colin, additional, Essop-Adam, Amirah, additional, Haines, Christina, additional, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, additional, Varachia, Husein, additional, Wood, Richard, additional, Gray, Glaxy, additional, Nichols, Jessica, additional, Panes, Alice, additional, Partridge, Susan, additional, Rogerson, Lawrie, additional, Sharma, Pankaj, additional, Triggs, David, additional, Venables, Ian, additional, Wilcock, Danielle, additional, Buckley, Sarah, additional, Darian, Thelma, additional, Denis, Elizabeth, additional, Duncan, Jo, additional, Hirst, Charlotte, additional, Newman, James, additional, Richardson, Fern, additional, Smith, Jon, additional, Adcode, Megan, additional, Cottingham, Megan, additional, Foster, Eliza, additional, Kelly, Andrew, additional, McKay, Niamh, additional, Rewbury, Jane, additional, Whitcher, Alison, additional, Williams, James, additional, Zebracki, Esther, additional, Davies, Llinos, additional, Jayachandran, Jayadeep, additional, Tardivel, Alison, additional, Whitehead, Victoria, additional, Batting, Martha, additional, Bond, Amy, additional, Deakin, Marc, additional, Dodd, Christopher, additional, Hudak, Alison, additional, Hynes, Samantha, additional, Jones, Luke, additional, Lang, Gail, additional, McKenna, David, additional, Morris, Susan, additional, Scott-Dempster, Clare, additional, Sykes, Adam, additional, Vichos, Iason, additional, Wood, Simon, additional, Clifton, Rupert, additional, Diaz, Stephanie, additional, Hendy, Craig, additional, Modi, Nishil, additional, O'Mahony, Brendan, additional, O'Sullivan, Susan, additional, Parker, Nicola, additional, Pecheva, Mira, additional, Rumonovic, Rowan, additional, McLoughlin, Emma, additional, Rushbrook, Jeremy, additional, Thornhill, Anna, additional, Parkinson, Valerie, additional, Sales, Rafael, additional, Van De Snepscheut-Jones, Katja, additional, Wilcock, David, additional, Wright, Daniel, additional, Allison, Joanna, additional, Baker, Simon, additional, Beesley, Kate, additional, Ferrari, Gill, additional, Lankester, Benedict, additional, Lewis, Alison, additional, Lyons, Joanne, additional, O'Callaghan, Jamie, additional, Sutcliffe, Sarah, additional, Wood, Dianne, additional, Bannister, Emily, additional, Brown, Chloe, additional, Burden, Debbie, additional, Campbell, Terence, additional, Craig, Emma, additional, Easow, Rashmi, additional, Foxton, Julie, additional, Hazlerigg, Alexandra, additional, Jayabev, Chethan, additional, Murdoch, Rosie, additional, Parsons, Georgie, additional, Brown, Harry, additional, Carvelli, Paula, additional, Montaser, Rugaia, additional, Pepper, Ali, additional, Sivarajan, Sinduja, additional, Templeton-Ward, Oliver, additional, Wilson, Eva, additional, Cronin, Julie, additional, Diment, Sarah, additional, King, Victoria, additional, Shean, Katharine, additional, Vachtsevanos, Leonidas, additional, Wilcocks, Katharine, additional, Wilson, Ben, additional, McNestry, Paul, additional, Ollerenshaw, Joanna, additional, Stoddard, James, additional, Sutton, Paul, additional, Anand, Sanjay, additional, Bell, Judith, additional, Chikate, Albert, additional, Daniel, Diane, additional, Davies, Timothy, additional, Finnigan, Tom, additional, Frasquet-Garcia, Antonio, additional, Hopkins, Susan, additional, Kerrison, Sharon, additional, McGowan, Angela, additional, Sands Johnson, David, additional, Smith, Lara, additional, Turner, Philip, additional, Wilkinson, Helen, additional, Allsop, Lynne, additional, Anthony, Deborah, additional, Boulton, Rebecca, additional, Brown, Sarah, additional, Desai, Vikram, additional, Gill, Mandy, additional, Heeley, Cheryl, additional, Kulkarni, Sushrut, additional, Lovegrove, Wayne, additional, Nash, Dominic, additional, Ann Sewell, Terri, additional, Shelton, Sarah, additional, Slack, Katie, additional, Cartwright, James, additional, Connor, Lynda, additional, Davies, Andrew, additional, Davies, Caroline, additional, Gainard, Glyn, additional, Graham-Woollard, Dave, additional, Murphy, Carl, additional, Quinn, Leanne, additional, Thomas, Caradog, additional, Travers, Jenny, additional, Williams, Marie, additional, Bell, Amanda, additional, Deo, Sunny, additional, Francis, Katharine, additional, Jackson, Tracy, additional, McCafferty, Laura, additional, Navadgi, Basalingappa, additional, Plank, Karan, additional, Satish, Venkat, additional, Thelwall, Claire, additional, Knight, Rachel, additional, Patel, Rahul, additional, Paton, Bruce, additional, Acharya, Ashutosh, additional, Aland, Utuman, additional, Areirobulos, Miltiades, additional, de Feyter, Pascal, additional, Ditchfield, Lisa, additional, Iqbaz, Hafiz, additional, Massey, Daniel, additional, Stables, Gareth, additional, Appleby, Sarah, additional, Brown, Michael, additional, Cable, Sarah, additional, Damen, Alexander, additional, Da Rocha, Joana, additional, Foster, Louise, additional, Hamilton, Elizabeth, additional, Hatton, Catriona, additional, Honeywell, Cassie, additional, Kulkarni, Kunal, additional, Markham, Lucy, additional, Mohammed, Haadiya, additional, O'Grady, John, additional, Joshi, Yogesh, additional, Mclintock, Heather, additional, Morgan, Tania, additional, Stockport, Jane, additional, Agrawal, Pranshu, additional, Armstrong, Jo, additional, Briggs, Shannon, additional, Coupe, Ben, additional, Evans, Anne, additional, Gilbert, Rob, additional, Latham, Sandra, additional, and Mohammed, Aslam, additional

Published
2022
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22. Working Paper 3 : Decarbonisation of heat : how smart local energy systems can contribute

Author

Morris, Madeleine, Hardy, Jeff, Bray, Rachel, Elmes, David, Ford , Rebecca, Hannon , Matthew, Radcliffe, Jonathan, Morris, Madeleine, Hardy, Jeff, Bray, Rachel, Elmes, David, Ford , Rebecca, Hannon , Matthew, and Radcliffe, Jonathan

Abstract

This review on how Smart Local Energy Systems can contribute to the decarbonisation of heat. The purpose of the review is to analyse current policy, regulation and market structures in the UK, and use the evidence to identify gaps and barriers to the emergence and success of SLES.

Published
2022

23. A radiological index that influences the outcome following patellofemoral joint arthroplasty: the anterior trochlea offset ratio.

Author

Aweid, Osama, Ahearn, Nathanael, Metcalfe, Andrew J., Eldridge, Jonathan, Porteous, Andrew, Murray, James R., The Bristol Knee Group, Eldridge, Jonathon, Robinson, James, Murray, James, Davies, Hywel, Howells, Nick, Clark, Damian, Putnis, Sven, Hassaballa, Mo, Bray, Rachel, Negrut, Corina, MacDonald, Karen, and Miller, Suzanne

Subjects
ARTHROPLASTY, PATELLOFEMORAL joint, PATIENT reported outcome measures, INTRACLASS correlation, INTER-observer reliability
Abstract

Purpose: Although largely successful, patellofemoral joint arthroplasty (PFA) has a less than satisfactory outcome in some patients. It was hypothesized that certain factors can be identified on radiological review that correlate with poor patient reported outcomes following PFA. Methods: A retrospective cohort review of 369 patients undergoing PFA at our institution between 2005 and 2018 identified 43 "poor outcome" patients with an Oxford Knee Score (OKS) of less than 20 at 2 years follow up. These cases were matched by sex and age with 43 "good outcome" patients who had an OKS above 40 at 2 years post-op. Multiple radiological measurements were performed including anterior trochlea offset ratio (ATOR), component flexion/extension, component varus/valgus, component to bone width ratio and retinacular index. The OKS PROM was the primary outcome of the study. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to analyze the differences in radiological indices between the two groups. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients for inter-observer and intra-observer reliability were 0.90–0.98 for all indices measured. The only index demonstrating statistical significance between the groups was the ATOR (p = 0.003). The good outcome group had a mean ATOR of 0.19 whereas the poor outcome group had a mean ATOR of 0.24. Conclusions: Lower ATOR on radiological review was strongly associated with improved outcomes following PFA. The surgeon should therefore take particular care to prevent increasing the anterior offset of the trochlea component when performing PFA. Level of evidence: Retrospective cohort study, Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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25. Enabling a Just Transition to Net Zero : a Manifesto for Change

Author

Bray, Rachel and Ford, Rebecca

Abstract

Transition to a net-zero energy system provides society with an opportunity to embed justice principles and practices across the energy sector in order to achieve a transition that is not just ‘green’ but also ‘just’. The just transition concept, born out of international trade union movements, takes into account the rights of the workforce and encourages the creation of decent work and quality jobs. It maintains that the burden of climate action should not be borne unequally by one set of workers or communities or any one country. However, the concept today is much broader than its labour and workforce-focussed roots; it encompasses the transition of the whole of society over time from one that is inherently extractive and unsustainable to one that is regenerative and more sustainable. To achieve this broader ‘whole of society’ transition many stakeholders need to take action. However, there are a range of challenges that impact their capacity to make these justice outcomes happen, and limited accountability mechanisms for supporting delivery. While some of these challenges can be overcome through a change in internal processes, many result from the interactions between different stakeholders, either in driving action or holding organisations to account. To be more ambitious in delivery therefore there is a need to develop cross-organisational and cross-community commitments to take more joined up action and ambition. This Manifesto for Change was developed as the final output from the ALIGN project1 and was developed by bringing together stakeholders from across national and local government, business and industry, trade unions, finance, community organisations and the third sector to hear their ambitions for a just energy transition by 2045. We did this by way of a half-day online workshop held in February 2022 in conjunction with the Just Transition Engagement Team at Scottish Government.

Published
2022
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26. Building blocks to develop your own Alumni engagement roadmap

Author

Bray, Rachel and Grceva, Nena

Abstract

1 Surveys and strategic goals ; 2 Building a case for support; 3 Alumni Engagement; 4 Building support across the institution; 5 Recognize, retain and expand; KPI, Metrics to evaluate program���s success, ICAReAlumni Conference Proceedings, No. 3 (2021): Proceedings of the VI ICAReAlumni Conference

Published
2021
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27. Access to social protection by people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV in Eswatini, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia - results from Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments

Author

Chipanta, David, primary, Pettifor, Audrey, additional, Edwards, Jessie, additional, Giovenco, Danielle, additional, Topazian, Hillary Mariko, additional, Bray, Rachel M., additional, Millington, Monique C., additional, Estill, Janne, additional, Keiser, Olivia, additional, and Justman, Jessica E, additional

Published
2021
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28. Fixed bearing, all-polyethylene tibia, lateral unicompartmental arthroplasty – A final outcome study with up to 28 year follow-up of a single implant

Author

Bray, Rachel, White, Paul, Murray, James R.D., Smith, James R.A., Robinson, James R., and Porteous, Andrew J.

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Health & Wellbeing, Mathematics and Statistics Research Group
Abstract

Background: Lateral unicompartmental arthroplasty (UKA) constitutes only 5–10% of all unicompartmental replacements performed. Whilst the short and medium term benefits are well documented, there remains concern regarding the higher revision rate when compared with total knee replacement. We report the long term clinical outcome and survivorship of a large series of lateral UKA. Patients and Methods: Between 1974 and 1994, 71 patients (82 knees) underwent a lateral fixed-bearing St Georg Sled UKA. Prospective data was collected pre-operatively and at regular intervals post-operatively using the Bristol Knee Score (BKS), with later introduction of the Oxford Knee (OKS) and Western Ontario MacMaster (WOMAC) scores. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was used, with revision, or need for revision, as end point. 85% of the patients were female. No patients were lost to follow-up. Results: Functional knee scores improved post-operatively up to 10 years, at which point they demonstrated a steady decline. Survivorship was 72% at 15 years, and 68% at 20 and 25 years. Nineteen knees were revised, with progression of disease in another compartment the commonest reason. There were two revisions due to implant fracture. In patients aged over 70 years at time of index procedure, 81% died with a functioning prosthesis in situ. Conclusion: This represents the longest follow-up of a large series of lateral UKA. Results of this early design of fixed bearing UKA demonstrate satisfactory long term survivorship. In elderly patients, further intervention is rarely required. More contemporary designs or techniques may show improved long term survivorship in time.

Published
2021

30. Unawareness of HIV Infection Among Men Aged 15–59 Years in 13 Sub-Saharan African Countries: Findings From the Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments, 2015–2019

Author

West, Christine A., primary, Chang, Gregory C., additional, W. Currie, Dustin, additional, Bray, Rachel, additional, Kinchen, Steve, additional, Behel, Stephanie, additional, McCullough-Sanden, Rachel, additional, Low, Andrea, additional, Bissek, Anne, additional, Shang, Judith D., additional, Ndongmo, Clement B., additional, Dokubo, Emily K., additional, Balachandra, Shirish, additional, Lobognon, Legre R., additional, Dube, Lenhle, additional, Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet, additional, Li, Michelle, additional, Pasipamire, Munyaradzi, additional, Getaneh, Yimam, additional, Lulseged, Sileshi, additional, Eshetu, Frehywot, additional, Kingwara, Leonard, additional, Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily, additional, Tlhomola, Mphotleng, additional, Ramphalla, Puleng, additional, Kalua, Thokozani, additional, F. Auld, Andrew, additional, B. Williams, Daniel, additional, Remera, Eric, additional, Rwibasira, Gallican N., additional, Mugisha, Veronicah, additional, Malamba, Samuel S., additional, Mushi, Jeremiah, additional, Jalloh, Mohamed F., additional, Mgomella, George S., additional, Kirungi, Wilford L., additional, Biraro, Sam, additional, C. Awor, Anna, additional, Barradas, Danielle T., additional, Mugurungi, Owen, additional, H. Rogers, John, additional, Bronson, Megan, additional, M. Bodika, Stephane, additional, Ajiboye, Aderonke, additional, Gaffga, Nicholas, additional, Moore, Carole, additional, Patel, Hetal K., additional, and C. Voetsch, Andrew, additional

Published
2021
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31. Energy Justice POINTs : Policies to Create a More Sustainable & Fairer Future for All

Author

Bray, Rachel and Ford, Rebecca

Abstract

The transition to clean energy is one of the UK���s five priority areas for COP26. Alongside the potential benefits from creating green energy jobs, transition to a net-zero energy system offers the potential for delivering broader social, political, and economic benefits (Hamilton and Akbar, 2010; Hepburn et al., 2020; Roy et al., 2018; Sovacool et al., 2020). History shows us that socio-economic disruptions associated with transitions tend to amplify inequalities (Sovacool and Brisbois, 2019). It is likely that without intervention, these benefits, and the costs to deliver them, will not be evenly distributed across society, with negative impacts disproportionately affecting those in lower socio-economic and minority groups. Against this backdrop there has been increasing recognition for the need for Energy Justice ��� to deliver a socially inclusive and equitable net-zero transition (Abram et al., 2020). This growing awareness of the importance of energy justice has created the need for a framework or lens through which policy impact can be explored at the wider system level to help mitigate against unintended consequences. Energy Justice POINTs (Policy Overview and Impacts for Net-zero Transitions) provides a useful and usable framework to help decision makers explore the wide-reaching energy justice implications of their net-zero visions, strategies, and policies. It is based on four tenets of justice: * Distributional ��� where injustices lie * Recognition ��� who is affected * Procedural ��� how injustices can be overcome * Restorative ��� what we can do to ameliorate past injustices and mitigate against future injustices It also includes an additional four dimensions to take a whole-systems approach to a just transition which has been developed through a review of the literature. In this paper we outline the development of the Energy Justice POINTs framework, discuss how it can be used, and provide a worked example of how the framework could be applied to a specific project. The framework has also been tested by several other organisations and we provide two case studies which are published here with the respective organisations permission. These case studies can be used as templates for other organisations to consider when developing their own energy related policies or projects. The CARES case study has been completed by the team at Local Energy Scotland who manage the Scottish Government���s Community and Renewable Energy Scheme. The Glasgow Community Energy case study has been completed by this community-owned renewable energy co-operative who have recently installed solar panels on the roofs of two schools in Glasgow.

Published
2021
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32. Delivering a Just Transition to Net Zero : Whose Role is it Anyway?

Author

Bray, Rachel and Ford, Rebecca

Abstract

The transition to a net zero energy system provides society with an opportunity to embed energy justice principles and practices across the energy sector in order to achieve a transition which is not just ���green��� but also ���just���. The past decade has seen a surge of activity around the topics of energy justice and just transitions in both academic literature and policy priorities. While these investigations and activities have advanced our understanding of both concepts and unearthed potential mechanisms for applying these to policy making a number of key questions remain: What do we mean when we talk about delivering a just transition to net zero or embedding energy justice within the energy system? Who is responsible for operationalising this and ensuring energy justice is embedded in the transition to net zero? Do different stakeholders have different capacities to act? How can those with real power be motivated to create change and held accountable for their actions? This report attempts to address these questions, drawing on a series of 12 in-depth interviews with experts in the topic of energy justice and just transitions (see Appendix 1). The experts are based in academic institutions across the UK, the European Union, the USA, Australia and Norway ��� with their research spanning their countries of residence as well as Central America and Africa.

Published
2021
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38. Correlating the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology with Histology and Extent of Surgery : A Review of 21,746 Patients from Four Endocrine Surgery Registries Across Two Continents

Author

Inabnet, William B., Palazzo, Fausto, Sosa, Julie Ann, Kriger, Joshua, Aspinall, Sebastian, Barczynski, Marcin, Doherty, Gerard, Iacobone, Maurizio, Nordenström, Erik, Scott-Coombes, David, Wallin, Göran, Williams, Lauren, Bray, Rachel, Bergenfelz, Anders, Inabnet, William B., Palazzo, Fausto, Sosa, Julie Ann, Kriger, Joshua, Aspinall, Sebastian, Barczynski, Marcin, Doherty, Gerard, Iacobone, Maurizio, Nordenström, Erik, Scott-Coombes, David, Wallin, Göran, Williams, Lauren, Bray, Rachel, and Bergenfelz, Anders

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Bethesda system for cytopathology (TBSRTC) is a 6-tier diagnostic framework developed to standardize thyroid cytopathology reporting. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each Bethesda category. METHODS: Thyroidectomy-related data from 314 facilities in 22 countries were entered into the following outcome registries: CESQIP (North America), Eurocrine (Europe), SQRTPA (Sweden) and UKRETS (UK). Demographic, cytological, pathologic and extent of surgery data were mapped into one dataset and analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 41,294 thyroidectomy patient entries from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2017, 21,746 patients underwent both thyroid FNA and surgery. A comparison of cytology and surgical pathology data demonstrated a ROM for Bethesda categories 1 to 6 of 19.2%, 12.7%, 31.9%, 31.4%, 77.8% and 96.0%, respectively. Male patients had a higher rate of malignancy for every Bethesda category. Secondary analysis demonstrated a high ROM in male patients with Bethesda 3 category aged 31-35 years (52.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 37.9-66.2%), aged 36-40 years (55.9%, 95% CI 39.2-72.6%) and aged 41-45 years (46.9%, 95% CI 33-60.9%). Patients with Bethesda 5 and 6 scores were more likely to undergo total thyroidectomy (65.9% and 84.6%); for patients with Bethesda scores 2 and 3, a higher percentage of females underwent total thyroidectomy compared to males in spite of a higher ROM for males. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that Bethesda categories 1-4 are associated with a higher ROM compared to the first edition of TBSRTC, especially in male patients, and validate findings from the second edition of TBSRTC.

Published
2020
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42. Love or Loath them, but we all need a board, don’t we?

Author

Bray, Rachel and Esteveny, Laure

Abstract

One of the top priorities of the newly designated Director General of CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics) in 2016 was to establish a community, united by a shared pride in having contributed to CERN’s scientific endeavours, and provide an opportunity for alumni to maintain links with the Organization. It was to allow them to continue to share CERN’s values and support its activities, and serve as a valuable resource for members of personnel in the transition to work outside the laboratory. One of the top priorities of the newly designated Director General of CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics) in 2016 was to establish a community, united by a shared pride in having contributed to CERN’s scientific endeavours, and provide an opportunity for alumni to maintain links with the Organization. It was to allow them to continue to share CERN’s values and support its activities, and serve as a valuable resource for members of personnel in the transition to work outside the laboratory. The CERN Alumni Network saw the light of day on 8 June 2017. Prior to its launch, an inter-departmental project group worked intensely over four months designing the CERN Alumni Network around its unique value proposition; establishing eligibility criteria, drawing-up offerings and carefully selecting a software provider for an alumni platform, amongst other things. The Office of Alumni Relations then had to articulate why CERN was launching such a network and reach out to potential members to encourage them to join. In parallel, we designed governance for the alumni programme along with terms of reference for a proposed CERN Alumni Board so that alumni would feel represented in terms of the direction in which the network would evolve.The reasons for establishing the CERN Advisory Board (CAAB) were:- To establish an embodiment of alumni expectations.- To provide a clear signal to alumni that the network would not only serve the purpose of CERN (and its scientific collaborations) but also their interests.- To enable a potentially huge external stakeholder of CERN to have a voice and a structure. - Strategic and of utmost importance in gaining input for the DG to define what is key for the community.- An element of the network‘s prestige.- Many of the professionals we had talked to (Oxford University/EMBL) had a board.The proposed presentation will briefly cover how we established an alumni network for an International Research Organisation, and in particular the role and implication of the CERN Alumni Advisory Board (CAAB) on the CERN Alumni Network. It will explore the mandate and purpose of the Board as specified, as well as describing the Board’s composition, how the board members are selected, by whom and on which criteria. Nearly two years down the line since the Network was created and with two CERN Alumni Advisory Board meetings under our belt, as well as many interactions outside the meeting, the proposed presentation will describe the recommendations taken on-board by the Director-General and subsequently highlight the impact and influence the Board has had on the Network. Furthermore, the presentation will identify the extent to which our expectations on the Board have been met so far. Finally, I will share with you, in light of our practical experience, our hopes for the CERN Alumni Board in the coming years., ICAReAlumni Conference Proceedings, No. 1 (2019): Proceedings of the IV ICAReAlumni Conference

Published
2019
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44. Alumni event : Moving out of Academia to Entrepreneurship

Author

Fichet, Jacques Herve, Esteveny, Laure, Bray, Rachel, and Galanis, Orestis

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, Photolab, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY, ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL
Abstract

Alumni event : Moving out of Academia to Entrepreneurship

Published
2019

47. Correlating the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology with Histology and Extent of Surgery: A Review of 21,746 Patients from Four Endocrine Surgery Registries Across Two Continents

Author

Inabnet, William B., primary, Palazzo, Fausto, additional, Sosa, Julie Ann, additional, Kriger, Joshua, additional, Aspinall, Sebastian, additional, Barczynski, Marcin, additional, Doherty, Gerard, additional, Iacobone, Maurizio, additional, Nordenstrom, Erik, additional, Scott-Coombes, David, additional, Wallin, Goran, additional, Williams, Lauren, additional, Bray, Rachel, additional, and Bergenfelz, Anders, additional

Published
2019
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48. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of total versus partial knee replacement in patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis (TOPKAT): 5-year outcomes of a randomised controlled trial

Author

Beard, David J, primary, Davies, Loretta J, additional, Cook, Jonathan A, additional, MacLennan, Graeme, additional, Price, Andrew, additional, Kent, Seamus, additional, Hudson, Jemma, additional, Carr, Andrew, additional, Leal, Jose, additional, Campbell, Helen, additional, Fitzpatrick, Ray, additional, Arden, Nigel, additional, Murray, David, additional, Campbell, Marion K, additional, Barker, Karen, additional, Murray, Gordon, additional, Simpson, Hamish, additional, Dodwell, Donna, additional, Donell, Simon, additional, Waite, Jonathan, additional, Beard, David, additional, Cooper, Cushla, additional, Davies, Loretta, additional, Doll, Helen, additional, Cook, Jonathan, additional, Campbell, Marion, additional, Fernie, Gordon, additional, McDonald, Alison, additional, Duncan, Anne, additional, Castillo, Mayret, additional, Fusco, Francesco, additional, Greshon, Akiko, additional, Holland, Kay, additional, Li, Jiyang, additional, Rabaiotti, Elena, additional, Regan, Sandra, additional, Stalker, Victoria, additional, Forrest, Mark, additional, McPherson, Gladys, additional, Boachie, Charles, additional, Collins, Diana, additional, Cruden, Janice, additional, Halpin, Sophie, additional, Smith, Beverley, additional, Torgerson, David, additional, Maher, Chris, additional, Brownson, Peter, additional, Mullins, Mark Mullins, additional, Blazeby, Jane, additional, Jenkins, Ruth, additional, Lewis, Mark, additional, Mintowt-Czyz, Witek, additional, Beverland, Beverland, additional, Bryce, Leeann, additional, Catney, Julie, additional, Dobie, Ian, additional, Doran, Emer, additional, O'Brien, Seamus, additional, Ali, Fazal, additional, Cripps, Heather, additional, Whileman, Amanda, additional, Williams, Phil, additional, Toms, Julie, additional, Brown, Ellen, additional, Horner, Gillian, additional, Jennings, Andrew, additional, Rose, Glynis, additional, Bamford, Frances, additional, Goddard, Wendy, additional, Marynissen, Hans, additional, Peel, Haleh, additional, Richards, Lyndsey, additional, Bell, Amanda, additional, Deo, Sunny, additional, Grayland, Sarah, additional, Hollinghurst, David, additional, Pegler, Suzannah, additional, Satish, Venkat, additional, Woodruffe, Claire, additional, London, Nick, additional, Duffy, David, additional, Bennett, Caroline, additional, Featherstone, James, additional, Cook, Joss, additional, Dearnley, Kim, additional, Muthukumar, Nagarajan, additional, Onuoha, Laura, additional, Wilson, Sarah, additional, Banher, Sandhu, additional, Emeakaroha, Eunice, additional, Horohan, Jamie, additional, Jain, Sunil, additional, Thompson, Susan, additional, Buckley, Sarah, additional, Ng, Aaron, additional, Shetty, Ajit, additional, Simeson, Karen, additional, Flynn, Julian, additional, Newsom, Meryl, additional, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, additional, Pearce, Oliver, additional, Bidwell, James, additional, Innes, Alison, additional, Culley, Winifred, additional, Ledingham, Bill, additional, Stephen, Janis, additional, Bray, Rachel, additional, Davies, Hywel, additional, Delgado, Debbie, additional, Eldridge, Jonathan, additional, Morrison, Leigh, additional, Murray, James, additional, Porteous, Andrew, additional, Robinson, James, additional, Dawson, Matt, additional, Dharmarajan, Raj, additional, Elson, David, additional, Hage, Will, additional, Kelsall, Nicci, additional, Orr, Mike, additional, Grosvenor, Jackie, additional, Maheswaran, SS, additional, McCue, Claire, additional, Venkatesh, Hemanth, additional, Wild, Michelle, additional, Wilson, Deborah, additional, Dodd, Chris, additional, Jackson, William, additional, Lovegrove, Pam, additional, Piper, Jennifer, additional, Bradbury, Neil, additional, Clark, Lucy, additional, Duncan, Stefanie, additional, Simpson, Genevieve, additional, Trezies, Allister, additional, Desai, Vikram, additional, Heeley, Cheryl, additional, Guy, Kramer, additional, Jackson, Rosalyn, additional, Hall, Alan, additional, Higgins, Gordon, additional, Hockings, Michael, additional, Isaac, David, additional, Mercer, Pauline, additional, Barber, Lindsey, additional, Cochrane, Helen, additional, Curtis, Janette, additional, Grindey, Julie, additional, Johnson, David, additional, Turner, Phil, additional, Houlihan-Burne, David, additional, Hill, Briony, additional, Langstaff, Ron, additional, Nasseri, Mariam, additional, Bowditch, Mark, additional, Martin, Chris, additional, Pryke, Steven, additional, Purewal, Bally, additional, Servant, Chris, additional, Suresh, Sheeba, additional, Tricker, Claire, additional, Ashford, Robert, additional, Attwal, Manjit, additional, Bunga, Jeanette, additional, Chatterji, Urjit, additional, Cockburn, Susan, additional, Esler, Colin, additional, Godsiff, Steven, additional, Green, Tim, additional, Haines, Christina, additional, Tandon, Subash, additional, Carpio, Racquel, additional, Griffiths, Sarah, additional, Grocott, Natalie, additional, dos Remedios, Ian, additional, Barrett, David, additional, Chapman-Sheath, Phil, additional, Grabau, Caroline, additional, Moghul, Jane, additional, Tice, William, additional, Trevithick, Catherine, additional, Deshmukh, Rajiv, additional, Howes, Mandy, additional, Netherton, Kimberley, additional, Raj, Dipak, additional, Travis, Nikki, additional, Maqsood, Mohammad, additional, Norton, Rebecca, additional, Rashid, Farzana, additional, Raynor, Alison, additional, Rowsell, Mark, additional, and Warner, Karen, additional

Published
2019
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49. Hip arthroscopy versus best conservative care for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (UK FASHIoN): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Griffin, Damian R, primary, Dickenson, Edward J, additional, Wall, Peter D H, additional, Achana, Felix, additional, Donovan, Jenny L, additional, Griffin, James, additional, Hobson, Rachel, additional, Hutchinson, Charles E, additional, Jepson, Marcus, additional, Parsons, Nick R, additional, Petrou, Stavros, additional, Realpe, Alba, additional, Smith, Joanna, additional, Foster, Nadine E, additional, Stevens, Siobhan, additional, Gemperle-Mannion, Elke, additional, Brown, Jaclyn, additional, Philippon, Marc, additional, Beck, Martin, additional, O'Donnell, John, additional, Robinson, David, additional, Hughes, Ivor, additional, Hunter, David, additional, Bennell, Kim, additional, Bache, Christopher Edward, additional, McBryde, Callum, additional, Politis, Angelos, additional, Bankes, Marcus, additional, George, Marc, additional, Bartlett, Gavin, additional, Norton, Mark, additional, Board, Tim, additional, Mohammed, Aslam, additional, Rajpura, Asim, additional, Cronin, Michael, additional, Dandachli, Wael, additional, Witt, Johan, additional, Eastaugh-Waring, Stephen, additional, Fehily, Max, additional, Fern, Darren, additional, Field, Richard, additional, Stafford, Giles, additional, Hashemi-Nejad, Aresh, additional, Khan, Tahir, additional, Kavathapu, Venu, additional, Kiely, Nigel, additional, Whitaker, John Paul, additional, Latimer, Paul, additional, Madan, Sanjeev, additional, Malviya, Ajay, additional, Patil, Sanjeev, additional, Ramachandran, Manoj, additional, Sturridge, Seb, additional, Thomas, Phillip, additional, White, Craig, additional, Wilson, Matthew, additional, Williams, Mark, additional, Jones, Emma, additional, Baker, Simon, additional, Stanton, Joanna, additional, Nicholls, Charlotte, additional, Smeatham, Alison, additional, Gosling, Lucie, additional, MacFarlane, Katte, additional, Pressdee, Fraser, additional, Dickinson, Gareth, additional, Boulton, Karen, additional, Goss, Jill, additional, Venter, Rina, additional, Kassam, Jamila, additional, Simmons, Rachel, additional, Poll, Kathryn, additional, Bergmann, Thomas, additional, Pilkington, Margaret, additional, Armstrong, Jo, additional, Wright, Daniel, additional, Dolphin, Philippa, additional, Bainbridge, Kelly, additional, Callum, Miles, additional, Lewis, Anthony, additional, Smith, Evonne, additional, Cornes, Veronica, additional, Benfield, Joanna, additional, Monnington, Katie, additional, Stewart, Emma, additional, Borrill, Steven, additional, Pinches, Megan, additional, Dawson, Sam, additional, Harding, Noel, additional, Willis, Matthew, additional, Moore, Dani, additional, MacCauley, Andrew, additional, Cooke, David, additional, Fleck, Rebecca, additional, Ball, Julliet, additional, Morrison, Peter, additional, Kennedy, Michael, additional, Turner, Sylvia, additional, Bryant, Charlotte, additional, Harris, Kirsten, additional, McKeown, Rebecca, additional, Clarkson, Louise, additional, Lewis, Alison, additional, Rowland-Axe, Rebecca, additional, Grice, Anna, additional, Githens-Mazer, Gayle, additional, Aughwan, Helen, additional, Moore, Faye, additional, Keeling, Eleanor, additional, Amero, Justine, additional, Atkinson, Stephanie, additional, Graves, Lynne, additional, Fouracres, Anna, additional, Hammonds, Fiona, additional, Curtis, Jas, additional, Brackenridge, Lisa, additional, Taylor, Tracey, additional, Dobb, Christine, additional, Whitworth, Joanna, additional, Commey, Thelma, additional, Limbani, Vasanti, additional, Maclintock, Heather, additional, Milne, Alanna, additional, Cleary, Claire, additional, Murray, Helen, additional, Dubia, Maria, additional, Gokturk, Abdulkerim, additional, and Bray, Rachel, additional

Published
2018
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