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Your search keyword '"Bray, B.D."' showing total 40 results
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40 results on '"Bray, B.D."'

9. Are differences in dysphagia assessment, oral care provision, or nasogastric tube insertion associated with stroke-associated pneumonia? A nationwide survey linked to national stroke registry data

Author

Eltringham, S.A., Bray, B.D., Smith, C.J., Pownall, S., and Sage, K.

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common complication associated with poor outcomes. Early dysphagia screening and specialist assessment is associated with a reduced risk of SAP. Evidence about oral care and nasogastric tube (NGT) placement is equivocal. This study aimed to expose variations in dysphagia management practices and explore their associations with SAP. Participants and Methods: Speech pathologists from 166 stroke units in England and Wales were surveyed about dysphagia assessment and management, oral care, and NGT placement. Survey data were then linked to the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP), the national register of stroke. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate the association between dysphagia management practices and SAP incidence. Results: 113 hospitals completed the survey (68%). Variation was evident in dysphagia screening protocols (DSPs), oral care, and NGT practice while specialist swallow assessment data patterns were more consistent. Multivariable analysis showed no evidence of an association in incidence of SAP when using a water-only hospital DSP compared to a multiconsistency DSP (B −0.688, 95% CI: −2.912 to 1.536), when using written swallow assessment guidelines compared to not using written guidelines (B 0.671, 95% CI: −1.567 to 2.908), when teams inserted NGTs overnight compared to teams which did not (B −0.505, 95% CI: −2.759 to 1.749), and when teams had a written oral care protocol compared to those which did not (B −1.339, 95% CI: −3.551 to 0.873). Discussion and Conclusion: Variation exists in dysphagia screening and management, but there was no evidence of an association between clinical practice patterns and incidence of SAP. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to examine association with SAP.

Published
2022

12. Influence of cross-field drifts and chemical sputtering on simulations of divertor particle and heat loads in ohmic and L-mode plasmas in DIII-D, AUG, and JET using UEDGE

Author

Groth, M., Porter, G.D., Rensink, M.E., Rognlien, T.D., Wiesen, S., Wischmeier, M., Eich, T., Herrmann, A., Jachmich, S., Lasnier, C.J., Müller, H.W., Watkins, J.G., Beurskens, M.N.A., Bray, B.D., Brezinsek, S., Brooks, N.H., Fenstermacher, M.E., Fuchs, C., Huber, A., Kallenbach, A., Leonard, A.W., Meigs, A., and Rudakov, D.L.

Published
2011
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23. Initial development of the DIII–D snowflake divertor control

Author

Kolemen, E., primary, Vail, P.J., additional, Makowski, M.A., additional, Allen, S.L., additional, Bray, B.D., additional, Fenstermacher, M.E., additional, Humphreys, D.A., additional, Hyatt, A.W., additional, Lasnier, C.J., additional, Leonard, A.W., additional, McLean, A.G., additional, Maingi, R., additional, Nazikian, R., additional, Petrie, T.W., additional, Soukhanovskii, V.A., additional, and Unterberg, E.A., additional

Published
2018
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24. DIII-D Thomson Scattering Diagnostic Data Acquisition, Processing, and Analysis Software

Author

Middaugh, K.R., Bray, B.D., Hsieh, C.L., McHarg, B.B. Jr., and Penaflor, B.G.

Subjects
Nuclear engineering -- Equipment and supplies, Nuclear research -- Equipment and supplies, Electronic data processing departments -- Equipment and supplies, Information storage and retrieval -- Equipment and supplies, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

One of the diagnostic systems critical to the success of the DIII-D tokamak experiment is the Thomson scattering diagnostic. This diagnostic is unique in that it measures local electron temperature and density: 1) at multiple locations within the tokamak plasma; and 2) at different times throughout the plasma duration. Thomson 'raw' data are digitized signals of scattered light, measured at different times and locations, from the laser beam paths fired into the plasma. Real-time acquisition of this data is performed by specialized hardware. Once obtained, the raw data are processed into meaningful temperature and density values which can be analyzed for measurement quality. This paper will provide an overview of the entire Thomson scattering diagnostic software and will focus on the data acquisition, processing, and analysis software implementation. The software falls into three general categories: 1. Set-up and Control: Initializes and controls all Thomson hardware and software, sychronizes with other DIII-D computers, and invokes other Thomson software as appropriate. 2. Data Acquisition and Processing: Obtains raw measured data from memory and processes it into temperature and density values. 3. Analysis: Provides a graphical user interface in which to perform analysis and sophisticated plotting of analysis parameters.

Published
2000

25. Improved understanding of physics processes in pedestal structure, leading to improved predictive capability for ITER

Author

Groebner, R.J., primary, Chang, C.S., additional, Hughes, J.W., additional, Maingi, R., additional, Snyder, P.B., additional, Xu, X.Q., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Boyle, D.P., additional, Callen, J.D., additional, Canik, J.M., additional, Cziegler, I., additional, Davis, E.M., additional, Diallo, A., additional, Diamond, P.H., additional, Elder, J.D., additional, Eldon, D.P., additional, Ernst, D.R., additional, Fulton, D.P., additional, Landreman, M., additional, Leonard, A.W., additional, Lore, J.D., additional, Osborne, T.H., additional, Pankin, A.Y., additional, Parker, S.E., additional, Rhodes, T.L., additional, Smith, S.P., additional, Sontag, A.C., additional, Stacey, W.M., additional, Walk, J., additional, Wan, W., additional, Wang, E.H.-J., additional, Watkins, J.G., additional, White, A.E., additional, Whyte, D.G., additional, Yan, Z., additional, Belli, E.A., additional, Bray, B.D., additional, Candy, J., additional, Churchill, R.M., additional, Deterly, T.M., additional, Doyle, E.J., additional, Fenstermacher, M.E., additional, Ferraro, N.M., additional, Hubbard, A.E., additional, Joseph, I., additional, Kinsey, J.E., additional, LaBombard, B., additional, Lasnier, C.J., additional, Lin, Z., additional, Lipschultz, B.L., additional, Liu, C., additional, Ma, Y., additional, McKee, G.R., additional, Ponce, D.M., additional, Rost, J.C., additional, Schmitz, L., additional, Staebler, G.M., additional, Sugiyama, L.E., additional, Terry, J.L., additional, Umansky, M.V., additional, Waltz, R.E., additional, Wolfe, S.M., additional, Zeng, L., additional, and Zweben, S.J., additional

Published
2013
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28. Effect of cross-field drifts on flows in the main scrape-off-layer of DIII-D L-mode plasmas

Author

Groth, M., primary, Boedo, J.A., additional, Brooks, N.H., additional, Isler, R.C., additional, Leonard, A.W., additional, Porter, G.D., additional, Watkins, J.G., additional, West, W.P., additional, Bray, B.D., additional, Fenstermacher, M.E., additional, Groebner, R.J., additional, Moyer, R.A., additional, Rudakov, D.L., additional, Yu, J.H., additional, and Zeng, L., additional

Published
2009
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29. Dust studies in DIII-D and TEXTOR

Author

Rudakov, D.L., primary, Litnovsky, A., additional, West, W.P., additional, Yu, J.H., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Bray, B.D., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brooks, N.H., additional, Fenstermacher, M.E., additional, Groth, M., additional, Hollmann, E.M., additional, Huber, A., additional, Hyatt, A.W., additional, Krasheninnikov, S.I., additional, Lasnier, C.J., additional, McLean, A.G., additional, Moyer, R.A., additional, Pigarov, A.Yu., additional, Philipps, V., additional, Pospieszczyk, A., additional, Smirnov, R.D., additional, Sharpe, J.P., additional, Solomon, W.M., additional, Watkins, J.G., additional, and Wong, C.P.C., additional

Published
2009
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32. Characterization of chemical sputtering using the Mark II DiMES porous plug injector in attached and semi-detached divertor plasmas of DIII-D

Author

McLean, A.G., primary, Davis, J.W., additional, Stangeby, P.C., additional, Allen, S.L., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Bray, B.D., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brooks, N.H., additional, Fenstermacher, M.E., additional, Groth, M., additional, Haasz, A.A., additional, Hollmann, E.M., additional, Isler, R.C., additional, Lasnier, C.J., additional, Mu, Y., additional, Petrie, T.W., additional, Rudakov, D.L., additional, Watkins, J.G., additional, West, W.P., additional, Whyte, D.G., additional, and Wong, C.P.C., additional

Published
2009
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33. Measurements of impurity and heat dynamics during noble gas jet-initiated fast plasma shutdown for disruption mitigation in DIII-D

Author

Hollmann, E.M, primary, Jernigan, T.C, additional, Groth, M, additional, Whyte, D.G, additional, Gray, D.S, additional, Austin, M.E, additional, Bray, B.D, additional, Brennan, D.P, additional, Brooks, N.H, additional, Evans, T.E, additional, Humphreys, D.A, additional, Lasnier, C.J, additional, Moyer, R.A, additional, McLean, A.G, additional, Parks, P.B, additional, Rozhansky, V, additional, Rudakov, D.L, additional, Strait, E.J, additional, and West, W.P, additional

Published
2005
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38. Indications of an inward pinch in the inner SOL of DIII-D from 13C deposition experiments

Author

Elder, J.D., McLean, A.G., Stangeby, P.C., Allen, S.L., Boedo, J.A., Bray, B.D., Brooks, N.H., Fenstermacher, M.E., Groth, M., Leonard, A.W., Rudakov, D.L., Wampler, W.R., Watkins, J.G., West, W.P., and Whyte, D.G.

Subjects
*CARBON isotopes, *PHYSICS experiments, *METHANE, *SYMMETRY (Physics), *MATERIAL erosion, *PLASMA gases
Abstract

Abstract: 13C methane puffing experiments were conducted on DIII-D in both L- and ELMy H-mode conditions. The puffing was toroidally symmetric into the crown of a series of well-characterized lower single-null discharges. The hydrocarbon breakup, carbon transport and deposition were modeled using the OEDGE interpretive code. Three separate hypotheses were tested using OEDGE to try to reproduce the experimental deposition: Radial variation of fast parallel flow, erosion of the puffed 13C deposited in the divertor, and a pinch in the inner scrape off layer (SOL) towards the separatrix. A fast parallel flow was imposed for all hypotheses. The magnitude and the distribution of the 13C deposition resulting from each hypothesis are compared. A fast parallel flow in the SOL toward the inner divertor combined with a pinch/drift of 10–30m/s in the inner SOL towards the separatrix roughly reproduces the deposition in both the L- and H-mode experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
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39. OEDGE modeling of the DIII-D H-mode 13CH4 puffing experiment

Author

Elder, J.D., McLean, A.G., Stangeby, P.C., Allen, S.L., Boedo, J.A., Bray, B.D., Brooks, N.H., Fenstermacher, M.E., Groth, M., Leonard, A.W., Reiter, D., Rudakov, D.L., Wampler, W.R., Watkins, J.G., West, W.P., and Whyte, D.G.

Subjects
*NUCLEAR research, *NUCLEAR fusion, *FUSION reactors, *TRITIUM
Abstract

Abstract: Use of carbon in tokamaks leads to a serious tritium retention issue due to co-deposition. To further investigate the processes involved, a detached ELMy H-mode (6.5MW NBI) experiment was performed on DIII-D in which 13CH4 was puffed into the main vessel through the toroidaly symmetric pumping plenum at the top of lower single-null discharges. Subsequently, the 13C content of tiles taken from the vessel wall was measured. The interpretive OEDGE code was used to model the results. The 13C deposition pattern could be reproduced, in general shape and magnitude, by assuming in the code the existence of a parallel flow and a radial pinch in the scrape-off layer. Parallel flows of Mach ∼0.3 toward the inner divertor and a radial pinch ∼10–20m/s (+R-direction) were found to yield 13C deposition comparable to the experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2007
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40. OEDGE modeling of 13C deposition in the inner divertor of DIII-D

Author

Elder, J.D., Stangeby, P.C., Whyte, D.G., Allen, S.L., McLean, A., Boedo, J.A., Bray, B.D., Brooks, N.H., Fenstermacher, M.E., Groth, M., Lasnier, C.J., Lisgo, S., Rudakov, D.L., Wampler, W.R., Watkins, J.G., and West, W.P.

Subjects
*TOKAMAKS, *FUSION reactors, *PINCH effect (Physics), *CONTROLLED fusion, *NUCLEAR reactors
Abstract

Abstract: Use of carbon in tokamaks leads to a major tritium retention issue due to co-deposition. To investigate this process a low power L-mode experiment was performed on DIII-D in which 13CH4 was puffed into the main vessel through the toroidally-symmetric pumping plenum at the top of lower single-null discharges. Subsequently, the 13C content of tiles taken from the vessel wall was measured. The interpretive OEDGE code was used to model the results. It was found that the 13C deposition pattern is controlled by: (a) source strength of 13C+, (b) Δr s, radial location of the 13C+ source, (c) D ⊥, (d) M ∥, the scrape-off layer parallel Mach number. Best agreement was found for (a) ∼50% conversion efficiency 13CH4 → 13C+, (b) Δr s, ∼+3.5cm (outboard of separatrix) near 13CH4 injection location, (c) D ⊥ ∼0.3m2/s, (d) M ∥ ∼0.4 toward inside. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2005
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