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Any anthropic action transforms the environment. However, the Urbanization is a human achievement, not the “villain” or “protagonist” of passive actors and experienced environmental degradations, but the model of urban occupation, construction and densification, interconnected with the ineffectiveness of the current drainage system. When evaluating programs to minimize flood impacts, the social component is a necessary but often neglected dimension. This component can be evaluated through the articulation between the actors (population and public power) and the resident community’s perception in relation to the needs and interventions. The present work seeks to analyze the perception of the community resident in the watershed of Ribeir&#227o Garcia regarding the problems arising from urban floods. The repeated flood events occurring in the Ribeirao Garcia watershed in the city of Blumenau-SC, Brazil, make this place a potential area for an investigative process, which can subsidize future decision-making processes aimed at the adequacy of a sustainable system in medium and long term. For the accomplishment of this work, a qualitative research was adopted. Fieldwork and semi-structured interviews with residents in the sample areas have been carried out to analyse land use and occupation. The procedures that supported this sample survey were divided into four steps: definition of the total population and the sample size; preparation of a questionnaire; application of the questionnaire and tabulation of results. It can be seen that, despite the problems of floods and landslides to residents of all sample areas, the locals have different perceptions regarding the proposed issues and that these different perceptions are linked to the sample geographic location. The analysed space is full of contrasts in physical, social and economic aspects, which favours one part of the population and disfavours the other. The process of densification and overcrowding of inadequate areas has been one of the negative effects of a disorganized housing sector in a speculative real estate market, and different levels of infrastructure among the districts, consolidating, in many ways, a process of social exclusion and spatial segregation. The analysis of the resident community’s perception in the Ribeirao Garcia watershed shows that the most susceptible communities to this type of events are those of low income, located in risk areas. It also demonstrates that, despite these communities’ present empirical situation knowledge on the causes and consequences of the floods, most residents prefer to transfer responsibility only to the public power, without assuming their own responsibility. The study of community perception makes it clear that the problem has been aggravated in part by a lack of knowledge of the relationship between land use and flooding.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2013 A gestão de recursos hídricos no que concernem as interfaces com osaspectos relacionados às políticas urbanas de gestão do território embacias cuja questão central decorre de ?pressões de natureza urbana?carece de uma mentalidade cartográfica. Planejar e gerenciar o territórioenvolve tipicamente conhecer o território e os atores envolvidos. Cabeao município, promover a integração das políticas locais de uso,ocupação e conservação do solo e de meio ambiente com as políticasfederal e estadual de recursos hídricos. Buscando auxiliar os municípios,o trabalho estrutura uma metodologia que auxilie na gestão de baciashidrográficas sujeitas à inundação, pautada no conhecimento dos trêsatores envolvidos: o meio físico, através da análise das característicasmorfométricas, pluviométricas e fluviométricas da bacia; o meioantrôpico, através da correlação entre a forma de ocupação do territórioe as inundações e da análise da percepção da comunidade em relação àsinundações e a atuação do poder público; e a legislação, através daanálise da evolução da legislação no nível federal, estadual e municipal,no que tange as área de APP e ANEA e sua correlação direta com oplanejamento de área urbanas, dando ênfase ao uso de geotecnologias edas informações do Cadastro Técnico Multifinalitário. A metodologiaproposta permite que o poder público municipal possa direcionar suasações com informações mais abrangentes e consistentes, levando emconsideração o todo, além de permitir a realização de análises focadasno objetivo do projeto a ser realizado. Permitiu concluir, ainda, queapesar da predisposição natural da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Garciapara inundações, a forma de ocupação do território tende a intensificareste processo, uma vez que, altera as características da bacia e propicia oaumento da vazão média do rio. Do ponto de vista legal, as normas queregulam as APP¢s estão entre as mais mal trabalhadas da legislaçãobrasileira, uma vez que cada esfera de governo utiliza parâmetrosdiferentes para a faixa de preservação, o que contribui significativamente para o descumprimento da lei. Abstract: The management of water resources in what regards the interfaces with those aspects associated to the urban policies of territorial management, especially in river basins whose main issue stems from "pressures that are urban in nature", lacks a cartographic mind-set. Planning for and managing a territory typically involves knowing the territory and players involved. It is incumbent on the municipality to promote the integration between the local policies for the use, occupation and conservation of the land and the environment, and the federal and state policies involving water resources. As an attempt to help the municipalities, this paper sets up a methodology that could help managing hydrographic basins subject to floods, based on the knowledge about the three key players involved: a) the physical medium, through the analysis of the morphometric, pluviometric, and hydrologic characteristics of the basin, b) the anthropic medium, through the analysis of how the territory was occupied and how this is related with the flood problems, and an analysis on the community's awareness about floods and the actions taken by the government since it is the role of the municipal government to proceed to a dialogue with society, and c) the legislation, through the analysis of its evolution at the federal, state, and municipal levels, in what concerns the APA (Federal environmental protection) and ANEA (non-building and non-landfill) designated areas, and its direct correlation with the planning in urban areas, emphasizing the use of geotechnologies and information from the CTM (Multipurpose Technical Cadastre). The proposed methodology allows the municipal administration to direct its actions towards a more comprehensive, consistent information, taking into account the entire context, besides enabling the conduction of analyses focused on the project to be achieved. Furthermore, this paper allows the following conclusion: despite the Garcia River's hydrographic basin being naturally prone to floods, the manner in which its territory is occupied tends to intensify the flooding process, since the occupation changes the basin's characteristics and induces a larger average river flow. From a legal standpoint, the rules regulating the APPs (permanent preservation areas) are among the worst-conceived items in the Brazilian law, as each governmental sphere uses different parameters regarding the conservation strips, which actively contributes to the non-compliance of the law.