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1. Marine heatwaves redistribute pelagic fishing fleets

Author

Farchadi, Nima, Welch, Heather, Braun, Camrin D, Allyn, Andrew J, Bograd, Steven J, Brodie, Stephanie, Hazen, Elliott L, Kerney, Alex, Lezama‐Ochoa, Nerea, Mills, Katherine E, Pugh, Dylan, Young‐Morse, Riley, and Lewison, Rebecca L

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Environmental Management, automatic information system, boosted regression trees, dynamic ocean management, marine heatwaves, pelagic fisheries, vessel distribution models, Ecology, Fisheries Sciences, Fisheries, Fisheries sciences, Environmental management
Abstract

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have measurable impacts on marine ecosystems and reliant fisheries and associated communities. However, how MHWs translate to changes in fishing opportunities and the displacement of fishing fleets remains poorly understood. Using fishing vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS), we developed vessel distribution models for two pelagic fisheries targeting highly migratory species, the U.S. Atlantic longline and Pacific troll fleets, to understand how MHW properties (intensity, size, and duration) influence core fishing grounds and fleet displacement. For both fleets, MHW size had the largest influence on fishing ground area with northern fishing grounds gaining and southern fishing grounds decreasing in area. However, fleet displacement in response to MHWs varied between coasts, as the Atlantic longline fleet displaced farther in southern regions whereas the most northern and southern regions of the Pacific troll fleet shifted farther. Characterizing fishing fleet responses to these anomalous conditions can help identify regional vulnerabilities under future extreme events and aid in supporting climate-readiness and resilience in pelagic fisheries.

Published
2024

2. Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas

Author

Frawley, Timothy H, Muhling, Barbara, Brodie, Stephanie, Blondin, Hannah, Welch, Heather, Arostegui, Martin C, Bograd, Steven J, Braun, Camrin D, Cimino, Megan A, Farchadi, Nima, Hazen, Elliott L, Tommasi, Desiree, and Jacox, Michael

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Environmental Management, Life Below Water, albacore tuna, dynamic ocean management, fisheries overlap, North Pacific transition zone, pelagic longlines, stock assessment, Ecology, Fisheries Sciences, Fisheries, Fisheries sciences, Environmental management
Abstract

The management and conservation of tuna and other transboundary marine species have to date been limited by an incomplete understanding of the oceanographic, ecological and socioeconomic factors mediating fishery overlap and interactions, and how these factors vary across expansive, open ocean habitats. Despite advances in fisheries monitoring and biologging technology, few attempts have been made to conduct integrated ecological analyses at basin scales relevant to pelagic fisheries and the highly migratory species they target. Here, we use vessel tracking data, archival tags, observer records, and machine learning to examine inter- and intra-annual variability in fisheries overlap (2013–2020) of five pelagic longline fishing fleets with North Pacific albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga, Scombridae). Although progressive declines in catch and biomass have been observed over the past several decades, the North Pacific albacore is one of the only Pacific tuna stocks primarily targeted by pelagic longlines not currently listed as overfished or experiencing overfishing. We find that fishery overlap varies significantly across time and space as mediated by (1) differences in habitat preferences between juvenile and adult albacore; (2) variation of oceanographic features known to aggregate pelagic biomass; and (3) the different spatial niches targeted by shallow-set and deep-set longline fishing gear. These findings may have significant implications for stock assessment in this and other transboundary fishery systems, particularly the reliance on fishery-dependent data to index abundance. Indeed, we argue that additional consideration of how overlap, catchability, and size selectivity parameters vary over time and space may be required to ensure the development of robust, equitable, and climate-resilient harvest control rules.

Published
2024

4. Building use‐inspired species distribution models: Using multiple data types to examine and improve model performance

Author

Braun, Camrin D, Arostegui, Martin C, Farchadi, Nima, Alexander, Michael, Afonso, Pedro, Allyn, Andrew, Bograd, Steven J, Brodie, Stephanie, Crear, Daniel P, Culhane, Emmett F, Curtis, Tobey H, Hazen, Elliott L, Kerney, Alex, Lezama‐Ochoa, Nerea, Mills, Katherine E, Pugh, Dylan, Queiroz, Nuno, Scott, James D, Skomal, Gregory B, Sims, David W, Thorrold, Simon R, Welch, Heather, Young‐Morse, Riley, and Lewison, Rebecca L

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Management, Environmental Sciences, Life Below Water, climate change, ecological forecasting, highly migratory species, prediction, spatial ecology, species distribution models, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences, Biological sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) are becoming an important tool for marine conservation and management. Yet while there is an increasing diversity and volume of marine biodiversity data for training SDMs, little practical guidance is available on how to leverage distinct data types to build robust models. We explored the effect of different data types on the fit, performance and predictive ability of SDMs by comparing models trained with four data types for a heavily exploited pelagic fish, the blue shark (Prionace glauca), in the Northwest Atlantic: two fishery dependent (conventional mark-recapture tags, fisheries observer records) and two fishery independent (satellite-linked electronic tags, pop-up archival tags). We found that all four data types can result in robust models, but differences among spatial predictions highlighted the need to consider ecological realism in model selection and interpretation regardless of data type. Differences among models were primarily attributed to biases in how each data type, and the associated representation of absences, sampled the environment and summarized the resulting species distributions. Outputs from model ensembles and a model trained on all pooled data both proved effective for combining inferences across data types and provided more ecologically realistic predictions than individual models. Our results provide valuable guidance for practitioners developing SDMs. With increasing access to diverse data sources, future work should further develop truly integrative modeling approaches that can explicitly leverage the strengths of individual data types while statistically accounting for limitations, such as sampling biases.

Published
2023

5. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E, Primack, Richard B, Biggar, Brandy S, Bird, Tomas J, Clinton, Mary E, Command, Rylan J, Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R, Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M, Adamescu, Cristian M, Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D, Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z, Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G, Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D, Thorrold, Simon R, Brownscombe, Jacob W, Midwood, Jonathan D, Boston, Christine M, Brooks, Jill L, Cooke, Steven J, China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha RM, Costello, Mark J, Crimmins, Theresa M, Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G, Gerst, Katharine L, Marsh, RL, Posthumus, Erin E, Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N, Switzer, Jeff R, Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J, Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L, Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D, Day, Paul B, Edgar, Graham J, Cooper, Antonia T, De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Brisay, Paulson G Des, Schrimpf, Michael B, Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S, Dwyer, Ross G, Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E, Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M, Rodríguez, Jorge P, Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A, Archer, Stephanie K, Dudas, Sarah E, and Haggarty, Dana R

Subjects
Life on Land, Pandemic, Biodiversity, Restoration, Global monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021

10. Reply to: Shark mortality cannot be assessed by fishery overlap alone

Author

Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, António M., Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuña-Marrero, David, Afonso, André S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Bradford, Russell W., Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Bruce, Barry D., Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortés, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Joyce, Warren, Keating Daly, Clare A., Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., MacDonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, McAllister, Jaime D., Meÿer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zárate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., and Sims, David W.

Published
2021
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11. Reply to: Caution over the use of ecological big data for conservation

Author

Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, António M., Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuña-Marrero, David, Afonso, André S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortés, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Joyce, Warren, Keating Daly, Clare A., Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., MacDonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, McAllister, Jaime D., Meÿer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zárate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., and Sims, David W.

Published
2021
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13. Satellite tagging insights into the seasonal movements and behavior of Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone, Istiophoridae).

Author

Malara, Danilo, Battaglia, Pietro, Arostegui, Martin C., Dale, Jonathan J., Block, Barbara A., Braun, Camrin D., Brogna, Massimo, Greco, Silvestro, and Romeo, Teresa

Subjects
HABITATS, SEASONS, GEOTHERMAL ecology, FISHERIES, MIGRATORY animals, HABITAT selection, DEEP diving
Abstract

The Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone) is a highly migratory predator, also exploited by commercial and recreational fisheries although its catches are poorly reported. The fishing pressure on this species is currently unknown because catch and landing data are fragmentary. Furthermore, more ecological information (e.g. migratory movements) is needed to establish eventual management measures, and ICCAT has not examined the population status yet. Understanding species migratory movements is crucial for addressing conservation challenges and supporting management decisions. In this study we investigated the migratory movements, seasonal patterns, vertical behavior, and thermal preference of T. belone, with the aim to improve information on its ecology and behavior. Overall, six individuals were tagged in the Strait of Messina and Tyrrhenian Sea with pop-up satellite tags and their movements were mainly restricted to the central Mediterranean. Utilization distributions derived from geolocation revealed an overall and seasonal importance of the Tyrrhenian Sea and Strait of Sicily, as well as variability in winter habitat use. While the fish exhibited similar depth preference, spending the majority of time at depths ≤ 10 m, we observed that the Mediterranean spearfish is also able to perform sporadic deep dives below 200 m. Vertical movement showed a bimodal pattern common in other billfish species, characterized by occupation of shallower, warmer waters during the night and deeper, cooler waters during the day. This research increases knowledge on the migration ecology and habitat preference of T. belone which is important for management of this understudied species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Linking vertical movements of large pelagic predators with distribution patterns of biomass in the open ocean

Author

Braun, Camrin D., primary, Della Penna, Alice, additional, Arostegui, Martin C., additional, Afonso, Pedro, additional, Berumen, Michael L., additional, Block, Barbara A., additional, Brown, Craig A., additional, Fontes, Jorge, additional, Furtado, Miguel, additional, Gallagher, Austin J., additional, Gaube, Peter, additional, Golet, Walter J., additional, Kneebone, Jeff, additional, Macena, Bruno C. L., additional, Mucientes, Gonzalo, additional, Orbesen, Eric S., additional, Queiroz, Nuno, additional, Shea, Brendan D., additional, Schratwieser, Jason, additional, Sims, David W., additional, Skomal, Gregory B., additional, Snodgrass, Derke, additional, and Thorrold, Simon R., additional

Published
2023
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16. Dynamic human, oceanographic, and ecological factors mediate transboundary fishery overlap across the Pacific high seas

Author

Frawley, Timothy H., primary, Muhling, Barbara, additional, Brodie, Stephanie, additional, Blondin, Hannah, additional, Welch, Heather, additional, Arostegui, Martin C., additional, Bograd, Steven J., additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Cimino, Megan A., additional, Farchadi, Nima, additional, Hazen, Elliott L., additional, Tommasi, Desiree, additional, and Jacox, Michael, additional

Published
2023
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17. Widespread habitat loss and redistribution of marine top predators in a changing ocean

Author

Braun, Camrin D., primary, Lezama-Ochoa, Nerea, additional, Farchadi, Nima, additional, Arostegui, Martin C., additional, Alexander, Michael, additional, Allyn, Andrew, additional, Bograd, Steven J., additional, Brodie, Stephanie, additional, Crear, Daniel P., additional, Curtis, Tobey H., additional, Hazen, Elliott L., additional, Kerney, Alex, additional, Mills, Katherine E., additional, Pugh, Dylan, additional, Scott, James D., additional, Welch, Heather, additional, Young-Morse, Riley, additional, and Lewison, Rebecca L., additional

Published
2023
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18. Building use-inspired species distribution models: using multiple data types to examine and improve model performance

Author

Braun, Camrin D., primary, Arostegui, Martin C., additional, Farchadi, Nima, additional, Alexander, Michael, additional, Afonso, Pedro, additional, Allyn, Andrew, additional, Bograd, Steven J., additional, Brodie, Stephanie, additional, Crear, Daniel P., additional, Culhane, Emmett F., additional, Curtis, Tobey H., additional, Hazen, Elliott L., additional, Kerney, Alex, additional, Lezama-Ochoa, Nerea, additional, Mills, Katherine E., additional, Pugh, Dylan, additional, Queiroz, Nuno, additional, Scott, James D., additional, Skomal, Gregory B., additional, Sims, David W., additional, Thorrold, Simon R., additional, Welch, Heather, additional, Young-Morse, Riley, additional, and Lewison, Rebecca, additional

Published
2023
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19. Spatio-temporal variability in white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) movement ecology during residency and migration phases in the western North Atlantic

Author

Franks, Bryan R., Tyminski, John P., Hussey, Nigel E., Braun, Camrin D., Newton, Alisa L., Thorrold, Simon R., Fischer, George C., McBride, Brett, Hueter, Robert, Franks, Bryan R., Tyminski, John P., Hussey, Nigel E., Braun, Camrin D., Newton, Alisa L., Thorrold, Simon R., Fischer, George C., McBride, Brett, and Hueter, Robert

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Franks, B. R., Tyminski, J. P., Hussey, N. E., Braun, C. D., Newton, A. L., Thorrold, S. R., Fischer, G. C., McBride, B., & Hueter, R. E. Spatio-temporal variability in white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) movement ecology during residency and migration phases in the western North Atlantic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, (2021): 744202, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.744202., Understanding how mobile, marine predators use three-dimensional space over time is central to inform management and conservation actions. Combining tracking technologies can yield powerful datasets over multiple spatio-temporal scales to provide critical information for these purposes. For the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), detailed movement and migration information over ontogeny, including inter- and intra-annual variation in timing of movement phases, is largely unknown in the western North Atlantic (WNA), a relatively understudied area for this species. To address this need, we tracked 48 large juvenile to adult white sharks between 2012 and 2020, using a combination of satellite-linked and acoustic telemetry. Overall, WNA white sharks showed repeatable and predictable patterns in horizontal movements, although there was variation in these movements related to sex and size. While most sharks undertook an annual migratory cycle with the majority of time spent over the continental shelf, some individuals, particularly adult females, made extensive forays into the open ocean as far east as beyond the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Moreover, increased off-shelf use occurred with body size even though migration and residency phases were conserved. Summer residency areas included coastal Massachusetts and portions of Atlantic Canada, with individuals showing fidelity to specific regions over multiple years. An autumn/winter migration occurred with sharks moving rapidly south to overwintering residency areas in the southeastern United States Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, where they remained until the following spring/summer. While broad residency and migration periods were consistent, migratory timing varied among years and among individuals within years. White sharks monitored with pop-up satellite-linked archival tags made extensive use of the water column (0–872 m) and experienced a broad range of temperatures (−0.9 – 30.5°C), with evidence for differential vertical use, Primary funding for this work, including research shiptime, fishing operations, and acoustic and SPOT tags, was provided by OCEARCH and its sponsors. Funding for PSATs was provided by the Shark Foundation (Hai Siftung) and the Disney Conservation Fund. PSAT data analysis was supported by a grant from NOAA/National Sea Grant to RH. Support for RH’s contributions was provided by the Perry W. Gilbert Chair in Shark Research at Mote Marine Laboratory, NOAA, and OCEARCH.

Published
2023

22. Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology

Author

Andrzejaczek, Samantha, primary, Lucas, Tim C.D., additional, Goodman, Maurice C., additional, Hussey, Nigel E., additional, Armstrong, Amelia J., additional, Carlisle, Aaron, additional, Coffey, Daniel M., additional, Gleiss, Adrian C., additional, Huveneers, Charlie, additional, Jacoby, David M. P., additional, Meekan, Mark G., additional, Mourier, Johann, additional, Peel, Lauren R., additional, Abrantes, Kátya, additional, Afonso, André S., additional, Ajemian, Matthew J., additional, Anderson, Brooke N., additional, Anderson, Scot D., additional, Araujo, Gonzalo, additional, Armstrong, Asia O., additional, Bach, Pascal, additional, Barnett, Adam, additional, Bennett, Mike B., additional, Bezerra, Natalia A., additional, Bonfil, Ramon, additional, Boustany, Andre M., additional, Bowlby, Heather D., additional, Branco, Ilka, additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Brooks, Edward J., additional, Brown, Judith, additional, Burke, Patrick J., additional, Butcher, Paul, additional, Castleton, Michael, additional, Chapple, Taylor K., additional, Chateau, Olivier, additional, Clarke, Maurice, additional, Coelho, Rui, additional, Cortes, Enric, additional, Couturier, Lydie I. E., additional, Cowley, Paul D., additional, Croll, Donald A., additional, Cuevas, Juan M., additional, Curtis, Tobey H., additional, Dagorn, Laurent, additional, Dale, Jonathan J., additional, Daly, Ryan, additional, Dewar, Heidi, additional, Doherty, Philip D., additional, Domingo, Andrés, additional, Dove, Alistair D. M., additional, Drew, Michael, additional, Dudgeon, Christine L., additional, Duffy, Clinton A. J., additional, Elliott, Riley G., additional, Ellis, Jim R., additional, Erdmann, Mark V., additional, Farrugia, Thomas J., additional, Ferreira, Luciana C., additional, Ferretti, Francesco, additional, Filmalter, John D., additional, Finucci, Brittany, additional, Fischer, Chris, additional, Fitzpatrick, Richard, additional, Forget, Fabien, additional, Forsberg, Kerstin, additional, Francis, Malcolm P., additional, Franks, Bryan R., additional, Gallagher, Austin J., additional, Galvan-Magana, Felipe, additional, García, Mirta L., additional, Gaston, Troy F., additional, Gillanders, Bronwyn M., additional, Gollock, Matthew J., additional, Green, Jonathan R., additional, Green, Sofia, additional, Griffiths, Christopher A., additional, Hammerschlag, Neil, additional, Hasan, Abdi, additional, Hawkes, Lucy A., additional, Hazin, Fabio, additional, Heard, Matthew, additional, Hearn, Alex, additional, Hedges, Kevin J., additional, Henderson, Suzanne M., additional, Holdsworth, John, additional, Holland, Kim N., additional, Howey, Lucy A., additional, Hueter, Robert E., additional, Humphries, Nicholas E., additional, Hutchinson, Melanie, additional, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., additional, Jorgensen, Salvador J., additional, Kanive, Paul E., additional, Labaja, Jessica, additional, Lana, Fernanda O., additional, Lassauce, Hugo, additional, Lipscombe, Rebecca S., additional, Llewellyn, Fiona, additional, Macena, Bruno C. L., additional, Mambrasar, Ronald, additional, McAllister, Jaime D., additional, McCully Phillips, Sophy R., additional, McGregor, Frazer, additional, McMillan, Matthew N., additional, McNaughton, Lianne M., additional, Mendonça, Sibele A., additional, Meyer, Carl G., additional, Meyers, Megan, additional, Mohan, John A., additional, Montgomery, John C., additional, Mucientes, Gonzalo, additional, Musyl, Michael K., additional, Nasby-Lucas, Nicole, additional, Natanson, Lisa J., additional, O’Sullivan, John B., additional, Oliveira, Paulo, additional, Papastamtiou, Yannis P., additional, Patterson, Toby A., additional, Pierce, Simon J., additional, Queiroz, Nuno, additional, Radford, Craig A., additional, Richardson, Andy J., additional, Richardson, Anthony J., additional, Righton, David, additional, Rohner, Christoph A., additional, Royer, Mark A., additional, Saunders, Ryan A., additional, Schaber, Matthias, additional, Schallert, Robert J., additional, Scholl, Michael C., additional, Seitz, Andrew C., additional, Semmens, Jayson M., additional, Setyawan, Edy, additional, Shea, Brendan D., additional, Shidqi, Rafid A., additional, Shillinger, George L., additional, Shipley, Oliver N., additional, Shivji, Mahmood S., additional, Sianipar, Abraham B., additional, Silva, Joana F., additional, Sims, David W., additional, Skomal, Gregory B., additional, Sousa, Lara L., additional, Southall, Emily J., additional, Spaet, Julia L. Y., additional, Stehfest, Kilian M., additional, Stevens, Guy, additional, Stewart, Joshua D., additional, Sulikowski, James A., additional, Syakurachman, Ismail, additional, Thorrold, Simon R., additional, Thums, Michele, additional, Tickler, David, additional, Tolloti, Mariana T., additional, Townsend, Kathy A., additional, Travassos, Paulo, additional, Tyminski, John P., additional, Vaudo, Jeremy J., additional, Veras, Drausio, additional, Wantiez, Laurent, additional, Weber, Sam B., additional, Wells, R.J. David, additional, Weng, Kevin C., additional, Wetherbee, Bradley M., additional, Williamson, Jane E., additional, Witt, Matthew J., additional, Wright, Serena, additional, Zilliacus, Kelly, additional, Block, Barbara A., additional, and Curnick, David J., additional

Published
2022
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23. Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology

Author

Andrzejaczek, Samantha, Lucas, Tim C.D., Goodman, Maurice C., Hussey, Nigel E., Armstrong, Amelia J., Carlisle, Aaron, Coffey, Daniel M., Gleiss, Adrian C., Huveneers, Charlie, Jacoby, David M. P., Meekan, Mark G., Mourier, Johann, Peel, Lauren R., Abrantes, Kátya, Afonso, André S., Ajemian, Matthew J., Anderson, Brooke N., Anderson, Scot D., Araujo, Gonzalo, Armstrong, Asia O., Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bennett, Mike B., Bezerra, Natalia A., Bonfil, Ramon, Boustany, Andre M., Bowlby, Heather D., Branco, Ilka, Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brown, Judith, Burke, Patrick J., Butcher, Paul A., Castleton, Michael, Chapple, Taylor K., Chateau, Olivier, Clarke, Maurice, Coelho, Rui, Cortes, Enric, Couturier, Lydie I. E., Cowley, Paul D., Croll, Donald A., Cuevas, Juan M., Curtis, Tobey H., Dagorn, Laurent, Dale, Jonathan J., Daly, Ryan, Dewar, Heidi, Doherty, Philip D., Domingo, Andrés, Dove, Alistair D. M., Drew, Michael, Dudgeon, Christine L., Duffy, Clinton A. J., Elliott, Riley G., Ellis, Jim R., Erdmann, Mark V., Farrugia, Thomas J., Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Finucci, Brittany, Fischer, Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Forget, Fabien, Forsberg, Kerstin, Francis, Malcolm P., Franks, Bryan R., Gallagher, Austin J., Galvan-Magana, Felipe, García, Mirta L., Gaston, Troy F., Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Green, Sofia, Griffiths, Christopher A., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hasan, Abdi, Hawkes, Lucy A., Hazin, Fabio, Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex, Hedges, Kevin J., Henderson, Suzanne M., Holdsworth, John, Holland, Kim N., Howey, Lucy A., Hueter, Robert E., Humphries, Nicholas E., Hutchinson, Melanie, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jorgensen, Salvador J., Kanive, Paul E., Labaja, Jessica, Lana, Fernanda O., Lassauce, Hugo, Lipscombe, Rebecca S., Llewellyn, Fiona, Macena, Bruno C. L., Mambrasar, Ronald, McAllister, Jaime D., McCully Phillips, Sophy R., McGregor, Frazer, McMillan, Matthew N., McNaughton, Lianne M., Mendonça, Sibele A., Meyer, Carl G., Meyers, Megan, Mohan, John A., Montgomery, John C., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Musyl, Michael K., Nasby-Lucas, Nicole, Natanson, Lisa J., O’Sullivan, John B., Oliveira, Paulo, Papastamtiou, Yannis P., Patterson, Toby A., Pierce, Simon J., Queiroz, Nuno, Radford, Craig A., Richardson, Andy J., Richardson, Anthony J., Righton, David, Rohner, Christoph A., Royer, Mark A., Saunders, Ryan A., Schaber, Matthias, Schallert, Robert J., Scholl, Michael C., Seitz, Andrew C., Semmens, Jayson M., Setyawan, Edy, Shea, Brendan D., Shidqi, Rafid A., Shillinger, George L., Shipley, Oliver N., Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Silva, Joana F., Sims, David W., Skomal, Gregory B., Sousa, Lara L., Southall, Emily J., Spaet, Julia L. Y., Stehfest, Kilian M., Stevens, Guy, Stewart, Joshua D., Sulikowski, James A., Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Thums, Michele, Tickler, David, Tolloti, Mariana T., Townsend, Kathy A., Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vaudo, Jeremy J., Veras, Drausio, Wantiez, Laurent, Weber, Sam B., Wells, R.J. David, Weng, Kevin C., Wetherbee, Bradley M., Williamson, Jane E., Witt, Matthew J., Wright, Serena, Zilliacus, Kelly, Block, Barbara A., Curnick, David J., Andrzejaczek, Samantha, Lucas, Tim C.D., Goodman, Maurice C., Hussey, Nigel E., Armstrong, Amelia J., Carlisle, Aaron, Coffey, Daniel M., Gleiss, Adrian C., Huveneers, Charlie, Jacoby, David M. P., Meekan, Mark G., Mourier, Johann, Peel, Lauren R., Abrantes, Kátya, Afonso, André S., Ajemian, Matthew J., Anderson, Brooke N., Anderson, Scot D., Araujo, Gonzalo, Armstrong, Asia O., Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bennett, Mike B., Bezerra, Natalia A., Bonfil, Ramon, Boustany, Andre M., Bowlby, Heather D., Branco, Ilka, Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brown, Judith, Burke, Patrick J., Butcher, Paul A., Castleton, Michael, Chapple, Taylor K., Chateau, Olivier, Clarke, Maurice, Coelho, Rui, Cortes, Enric, Couturier, Lydie I. E., Cowley, Paul D., Croll, Donald A., Cuevas, Juan M., Curtis, Tobey H., Dagorn, Laurent, Dale, Jonathan J., Daly, Ryan, Dewar, Heidi, Doherty, Philip D., Domingo, Andrés, Dove, Alistair D. M., Drew, Michael, Dudgeon, Christine L., Duffy, Clinton A. J., Elliott, Riley G., Ellis, Jim R., Erdmann, Mark V., Farrugia, Thomas J., Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Finucci, Brittany, Fischer, Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Forget, Fabien, Forsberg, Kerstin, Francis, Malcolm P., Franks, Bryan R., Gallagher, Austin J., Galvan-Magana, Felipe, García, Mirta L., Gaston, Troy F., Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Green, Sofia, Griffiths, Christopher A., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hasan, Abdi, Hawkes, Lucy A., Hazin, Fabio, Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex, Hedges, Kevin J., Henderson, Suzanne M., Holdsworth, John, Holland, Kim N., Howey, Lucy A., Hueter, Robert E., Humphries, Nicholas E., Hutchinson, Melanie, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jorgensen, Salvador J., Kanive, Paul E., Labaja, Jessica, Lana, Fernanda O., Lassauce, Hugo, Lipscombe, Rebecca S., Llewellyn, Fiona, Macena, Bruno C. L., Mambrasar, Ronald, McAllister, Jaime D., McCully Phillips, Sophy R., McGregor, Frazer, McMillan, Matthew N., McNaughton, Lianne M., Mendonça, Sibele A., Meyer, Carl G., Meyers, Megan, Mohan, John A., Montgomery, John C., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Musyl, Michael K., Nasby-Lucas, Nicole, Natanson, Lisa J., O’Sullivan, John B., Oliveira, Paulo, Papastamtiou, Yannis P., Patterson, Toby A., Pierce, Simon J., Queiroz, Nuno, Radford, Craig A., Richardson, Andy J., Richardson, Anthony J., Righton, David, Rohner, Christoph A., Royer, Mark A., Saunders, Ryan A., Schaber, Matthias, Schallert, Robert J., Scholl, Michael C., Seitz, Andrew C., Semmens, Jayson M., Setyawan, Edy, Shea, Brendan D., Shidqi, Rafid A., Shillinger, George L., Shipley, Oliver N., Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Silva, Joana F., Sims, David W., Skomal, Gregory B., Sousa, Lara L., Southall, Emily J., Spaet, Julia L. Y., Stehfest, Kilian M., Stevens, Guy, Stewart, Joshua D., Sulikowski, James A., Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Thums, Michele, Tickler, David, Tolloti, Mariana T., Townsend, Kathy A., Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vaudo, Jeremy J., Veras, Drausio, Wantiez, Laurent, Weber, Sam B., Wells, R.J. David, Weng, Kevin C., Wetherbee, Bradley M., Williamson, Jane E., Witt, Matthew J., Wright, Serena, Zilliacus, Kelly, Block, Barbara A., and Curnick, David J.

Abstract

Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements. Vertical habitat use by sharks, rays, and skates varies globally and has implications for their conservation and management.

Published
2022

24. Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark

Author

Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., de la Parra, Rafael, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Gonzalez Cano, Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fabio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert, Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J. Jr., Norman, Bradley M., Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramirez-Macias, Deni, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood, Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sims, David W., Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, da Costa, Ivo, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., de la Parra, Rafael, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Gonzalez Cano, Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fabio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert, Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J. Jr., Norman, Bradley M., Penaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramirez-Macias, Deni, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood, Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., and Sims, David W.

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Womersley, F. C., Humphries, N. E., Queiroz, N., Vedor, M., da Costa, I., Furtado, M., Tyminski, J. P., Abrantes, K., Araujo, G., Bach, S. S., Barnett, A., Berumen, M. L., Bessudo Lion, S., Braun, C. D., Clingham, E., Cochran, J. E. M., de la Parra, R., Diamant, S., Dove, A. D. M., Dudgeon, C. L., Erdmann, M. V., Espinoza, E., Fitzpatrick, R., González Cano, J., Green, J. R., Guzman, H. M., Hardenstine, R., Hasan, A., Hazin, F. H. V., Hearn, A. R., Hueter, R. E., Jaidah, M. Y., Labaja, J., Ladinol, F., Macena, B. C. L., Morris Jr., J. J., Norman, B. M., Peñaherrera-Palmav, C., Pierce, S. J., Quintero, L. M., Ramırez-Macías, D., Reynolds, S. D., Richardson, A. J., Robinson, D. P., Rohner, C. A., Rowat, D. R. L., Sheaves, M., Shivji, M. S., Sianipar, A. B., Skomal, G. B., Soler, G., Syakurachman, I., Thorrold, S. R., Webb, D. H., Wetherbee, B. M., White, T. D., Clavelle, T., Kroodsma, D. A., Thums, M., Ferreira, L. C., Meekan, M. G., Arrowsmith, L. M., Lester, E. K., Meyers, M. M., Peel, L. R., Sequeira, A. M. M., Eguıluz, V. M., Duarte, C. M., & Sims, D. W. Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(20), (2022): e2117440119, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2117440119., Marine traffic is increasing globally yet collisions with endangered megafauna such as whales, sea turtles, and planktivorous sharks go largely undetected or unreported. Collisions leading to mortality can have population-level consequences for endangered species. Hence, identifying simultaneous space use of megafauna and shipping throughout ranges may reveal as-yet-unknown spatial targets requiring conservation. However, global studies tracking megafauna and shipping occurrences are lacking. Here we combine satellite-tracked movements of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus, and vessel activity to show that 92% of sharks’ horizontal space use and nearly 50% of vertical space use overlap with persistent large vessel (>300 gross tons) traffic. Collision-risk estimates correlated with reported whale shark mortality from ship strikes, indicating higher mortality in areas with greatest overlap. Hotspots of potential collision risk were evident in all major oceans, predominantly from overlap with cargo and tanker vessels, and were concentrated in gulf regions, where dense traffic co-occurred with seasonal shark movements. Nearly a third of whale shark hotspots overlapped with the highest collision-risk areas, with the last known locations of tracked sharks coinciding with busier shipping routes more often than expected. Depth-recording tags provided evidence for sinking, likely dead, whale sharks, suggesting substantial “cryptic” lethal ship strikes are possible, which could explain why whale shark population declines continue despite international protection and low fishing-induced mortality. Mitigation measures to reduce ship-strike risk should be considered to conserve this species and other ocean giants that are likely experiencing similar impacts from growing global vessel traffic., Funding for data analysis was provided by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through a University of Southampton INSPIRE DTP PhD Studentship to F.C.W. Additional funding for data analysis was provided by NERC Discovery Science (NE/R00997/X/1) and the European Research Council (ERC-AdG-2019 883583 OCEAN DEOXYFISH) to D.W.S., Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) under PTDC/BIA/28855/2017 and COMPETE POCI-01–0145-FEDER-028855, and MARINFO–NORTE-01–0145-FEDER-000031 (funded by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Program [NORTE2020] under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund–ERDF) to N.Q. FCT also supported N.Q. (CEECIND/02857/2018) and M.V. (PTDC/BIA-COM/28855/2017). D.W.S. was supported by a Marine Biological Association Senior Research Fellowship. All tagging procedures were approved by institutional ethical review bodies and complied with all relevant ethical regulations in the jurisdictions in which they were performed. Details for individual research teams are given in SI Appendix, section 8. Full acknowledgments for tagging and field research are given in SI Appendix, section 7. This research is part of the Global Shark Movement Project (https://www.globalsharkmovement.org).

Published
2022

25. Pieces in a global puzzle: population genetics at two whale shark aggregations in the western Indian Ocean

Author

Hardenstine, Royale S., He, Song, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Braun, Camrin D., Cagua, E. Fernando, Pierce, Simon J., Prebble, Clare E. M., Rohner, Christoph A., Saenz-Agudelo, Pablo, Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H., Skomal, Gregory B., Thorrold, Simon R., Watts, Alexandra M., Zakroff, Casey, Berumen, Michael L., Hardenstine, Royale S., He, Song, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Braun, Camrin D., Cagua, E. Fernando, Pierce, Simon J., Prebble, Clare E. M., Rohner, Christoph A., Saenz-Agudelo, Pablo, Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H., Skomal, Gregory B., Thorrold, Simon R., Watts, Alexandra M., Zakroff, Casey, and Berumen, Michael L.

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hardenstine, R., He, S., Cochran, J., Braun, C., Cagua, E., Pierce, S., Prebble, C., Rohner, C., Saenz‐Angudelo, P., Sinclair‐Taylor, T., Skomal, G., Thorrold, S., Watts, A., Zakroff, C., & Berumen, M. Pieces in a global puzzle: population genetics at two whale shark aggregations in the western Indian Ocean. Ecology and Evolution, 12(1), (2022): e8492, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8492., The whale shark Rhincodon typus is found throughout the world's tropical and warm-temperate ocean basins. Despite their broad physical distribution, research on the species has been concentrated at a few aggregation sites. Comparing DNA sequences from sharks at different sites can provide a demographically neutral understanding of the whale shark's global ecology. Here, we created genetic profiles for 84 whale sharks from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea and 72 individuals from the coast of Tanzania using a combination of microsatellite and mitochondrial sequences. These two sites, separated by approximately 4500 km (shortest over-water distance), exhibit markedly different population demographics and behavioral ecologies. Eleven microsatellite DNA markers revealed that the two aggregation sites have similar levels of allelic richness and appear to be derived from the same source population. We sequenced the mitochondrial control region to produce multiple global haplotype networks (based on different alignment methodologies) that were broadly similar to each other in terms of population structure but suggested different demographic histories. Data from both microsatellite and mitochondrial markers demonstrated the stability of genetic diversity within the Saudi Arabian aggregation site throughout the sampling period. These results contrast previously measured declines in diversity at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Mapping the geographic distribution of whale shark lineages provides insight into the species’ connectivity and can be used to direct management efforts at both local and global scales. Similarly, understanding historical fluctuations in whale shark abundance provides a baseline by which to assess current trends. Continued development of new sequencing methods and the incorporation of genomic data could lead to considerable advances in the scientific understanding of whale shark population ecology and corresponding improvements to conservation policy., Work in Saudi Arabia was funded in part by KAUST baseline research funds (to MLB), KAUST award nos. USA00002 and KSA 00011 (to SRT), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (OCE 0825148 to SRT and GBS).

Published
2022

26. GlobalSharkMovement / GlobalCollisionRisk

Author

Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, Costa, Ivo da, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Parra, Rafael de la, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, González Cano , Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert E., Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J., Norman, Bradley M., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramírez-Macías, Dení, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sims, David W., Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, Costa, Ivo da, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Parra, Rafael de la, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, González Cano , Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert E., Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J., Norman, Bradley M., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramírez-Macías, Dení, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Duarte, Carlos M., and Sims, David W.

Abstract

Repository containing derived data for the manuscript 'Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark'.

Published
2022

27. Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark

Author

Natural Environment Research Council (UK), European Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), European Commission, Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, Costa, Ivo da, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Parra, Rafael de la, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, González Cano , Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert E., Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J., Norman, Bradley M., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramírez-Macías, Dení, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sims, David W., Natural Environment Research Council (UK), European Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), European Commission, Womersley, Freya C., Humphries, Nicolas E., Queiroz, Nuno, Vedor, Marisa, Costa, Ivo da, Furtado, Miguel, Tyminski, John P., Abrantes, Katya, Araujo, Gonzalo, Bach, Steffen S., Barnett, Adam, Berumen, Michael L., Bessudo Lion, Sandra, Braun, Camrin D., Clingham, Elizabeth, Cochran, Jesse E. M., Parra, Rafael de la, Diamant, Stella, Dove, Alistair D. M., Dudgeon, Christine L., Erdmann, Mark V., Espinoza, Eduardo, Fitzpatrick, Richard, González Cano , Jaime, Green, Jonathan R., Guzman, Hector M., Hardenstine, Royale, Hasan, Abdi, Hazin, Fábio H. V., Hearn, Alex R., Hueter, Robert E., Jaidah, Mohammed Y., Labaja, Jessica, Ladino, Felipe, Macena, Bruno C. L., Morris, John J., Norman, Bradley M., Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, Pierce, Simon J., Quintero, Lina M., Ramírez-Macías, Dení, Reynolds, Samantha D., Richardson, Anthony J., Robinson, David P., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Sheaves, Marcus, Shivji, Mahmood S., Sianipar, Abraham B., Skomal, Gregory B., Soler, German, Syakurachman, Ismail, Thorrold, Simon R., Webb, D. Harry, Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Clavelle, Tyler, Kroodsma, David A., Thums, Michele, Ferreira, Luciana C., Meekan, Mark G., Arrowsmith, Lucy M., Lester, Emily K., Meyers, Megan M., Peel, Lauren R., Sequeira, Ana M. M., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Duarte, Carlos M., and Sims, David W.

Abstract

Marine traffic is increasing globally yet collisions with endangered megafauna such as whales, sea turtles, and planktivorous sharks go largely undetected or unreported. Collisions leading to mortality can have population-level consequences for endangered species. Hence, identifying simultaneous space use of megafauna and shipping throughout ranges may reveal as-yet-unknown spatial targets requiring conservation. However, global studies tracking megafauna and shipping occurrences are lacking. Here we combine satellite-tracked movements of the whale shark, Rhincodon typus, and vessel activity to show that 92% of sharks’ horizontal space use and nearly 50% of vertical space use overlap with persistent large vessel (>300 gross tons) traffic. Collision-risk estimates correlated with reported whale shark mortality from ship strikes, indicating higher mortality in areas with greatest overlap. Hotspots of potential collision risk were evident in all major oceans, predominantly from overlap with cargo and tanker vessels, and were concentrated in gulf regions, where dense traffic co-occurred with seasonal shark movements. Nearly a third of whale shark hotspots overlapped with the highest collision-risk areas, with the last known locations of tracked sharks coinciding with busier shipping routes more often than expected. Depth-recording tags provided evidence for sinking, likely dead, whale sharks, suggesting substantial “cryptic” lethal ship strikes are possible, which could explain why whale shark population declines continue despite international protection and low fishing-induced mortality. Mitigation measures to reduce ship-strike risk should be considered to conserve this species and other ocean giants that are likely experiencing similar impacts from growing global vessel traffic., [Significance] Global vessel traffic is increasing alongside world economic growth. The potential for rising lethal ship strikes on endangered species of marine megafauna, such as the plankton-feeding whale shark, remains poorly understood since areas of highest overlap are seldom determined across an entire species range. Here we show how satellite tracking whale sharks and large vessel movements globally provides a means to localize high-overlap areas and to determine how collision risk changes in time. Our results point to potential high levels of undetected or unreported ship strikes, which may explain why whale shark populations continue to decline despite protection and low fishing-induced mortality. Collision mitigations in high-collision-risk areas appear necessary to help conserve this iconic species.

Published
2022

28. Movements of the reef manta ray (Manta alfredi) in the Red Sea using satellite and acoustic telemetry

Author

Braun, Camrin D., Skomal, Gregory B., Thorrold, Simon R., and Berumen, Michael L.

Subjects
Spatial behavior in animals -- Observations, Biological sciences
Abstract

Populations of mobulid rays are declining globally through a combination of directed fisheries and indirect anthropogenic threats. Understanding the movement ecology of these rays remains an important priority for devising appropriate conservation measures throughout the world's oceans. We sought to determine manta movements across several temporal and spatial scales with a focus on quantifying site fidelity and seasonality in the northern Farasan Banks, Red Sea. We fitted manta rays with acoustic transmitters (n = 9) and pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tags (n = 9), including four with GPS capability (Fastloc), during spring 2011 and 2012. We deployed an extensive array of acoustic receivers (n = 67) to record movements of tagged mantas in the study area. All acoustically tagged individuals traveled frequently among high-use receiver locations and reefs and demonstrated fidelity to specific sites within the array. Estimated and realized satellite tag data indicated regional movements, Author(s): Camrin D. Braun[sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3], Gregory B. Skomal[sup.4], Simon R. Thorrold[sup.5], Michael L. Berumen[sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, [...]

Published
2015
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29. An enigmatic pelagic fish with internalized red muscle: A future regional endotherm or forever an ectotherm?

Author

Arostegui, Martin C., Shero, Michelle R., Frank, Lawrence R., Berquist, Rachel M., and Braun, Camrin D.

Subjects
PELAGIC fishes, RED drum (Fish), BIOLOGICAL evolution, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, MARINE fishes, COLD-blooded animals
Abstract

Ectothermy and endothermy in extant fishes are defined by distinct integrated suites of characters. Although only ⁓0.1% of fishes are known to have endothermic capacity, recent discoveries suggest that there may still be uncommon pelagic fish species with yet to be discovered endothermic traits. Among the most rarely encountered marine fishes, the louvar Luvarus imperialis is a remarkable example of adaptive evolution as the only extant pelagic species in the order Acanthuriformes (including surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes and Moorish idol). Magnetic resonance imaging and gross necropsy did not yield evidence of cranial or visceral endothermy but revealed a central‐posterior distribution of myotomal red muscle that is a mixture of the character states typifying ectotherms (lateral‐posterior) and red muscle endotherms (central‐anterior). Dissection of a specimen confirmed, and an osteological proxy supported, that L. imperialis has not evolved the vascular rete that is vital to retaining heat in the red muscle. The combination of presumably relying on caudal propulsion while exhibiting internal red muscle without associated retia is unique to L. imperialis among all extant fishes, raising the macroevolutionary question of whether this species – in geologic timescales – will remain an ectotherm or evolve red muscle endothermy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark

Author

Womersley, Freya C., primary, Humphries, Nicolas E., additional, Queiroz, Nuno, additional, Vedor, Marisa, additional, da Costa, Ivo, additional, Furtado, Miguel, additional, Tyminski, John P., additional, Abrantes, Katya, additional, Araujo, Gonzalo, additional, Bach, Steffen S., additional, Barnett, Adam, additional, Berumen, Michael L., additional, Bessudo Lion, Sandra, additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Clingham, Elizabeth, additional, Cochran, Jesse E. M., additional, de la Parra, Rafael, additional, Diamant, Stella, additional, Dove, Alistair D. M., additional, Dudgeon, Christine L., additional, Erdmann, Mark V., additional, Espinoza, Eduardo, additional, Fitzpatrick, Richard, additional, Cano, Jaime González, additional, Green, Jonathan R., additional, Guzman, Hector M., additional, Hardenstine, Royale, additional, Hasan, Abdi, additional, Hazin, Fábio H. V., additional, Hearn, Alex R., additional, Hueter, Robert E., additional, Jaidah, Mohammed Y., additional, Labaja, Jessica, additional, Ladino, Felipe, additional, Macena, Bruno C. L., additional, Morris, John J., additional, Norman, Bradley M., additional, Peñaherrera-Palma, Cesar, additional, Pierce, Simon J., additional, Quintero, Lina M., additional, Ramírez-Macías, Dení, additional, Reynolds, Samantha D., additional, Richardson, Anthony J., additional, Robinson, David P., additional, Rohner, Christoph A., additional, Rowat, David R. L., additional, Sheaves, Marcus, additional, Shivji, Mahmood S., additional, Sianipar, Abraham B., additional, Skomal, Gregory B., additional, Soler, German, additional, Syakurachman, Ismail, additional, Thorrold, Simon R., additional, Webb, D. Harry, additional, Wetherbee, Bradley M., additional, White, Timothy D., additional, Clavelle, Tyler, additional, Kroodsma, David A., additional, Thums, Michele, additional, Ferreira, Luciana C., additional, Meekan, Mark G., additional, Arrowsmith, Lucy M., additional, Lester, Emily K., additional, Meyers, Megan M., additional, Peel, Lauren R., additional, Sequeira, Ana M. M., additional, Eguíluz, Victor M., additional, Duarte, Carlos M., additional, and Sims, David W., additional

Published
2022
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33. Additional file 2 of Home sweet home: spatiotemporal distribution and site fidelity of the reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi) in Dungonab Bay, Sudan

Author

Knochel, Anna M., Hussey, Nigel E., Kessel, Steven T., Braun, Camrin D., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Hill, Graham, Klaus, Rebecca, Checkchak, Tarik, Elamin El Hassen, Nasereldin M., Younnis, Mohammed, and Berumen, Michael L.

Abstract

Additional file 2: Table S1. GAMM AIC values for all tested models listed from lowest to highest ΔAIC values. All models included both biological variables and the number of stations in addition to Mobula alfredi identity as a random effect.

Published
2022
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35. Pieces in a global puzzle: Population genetics at two whale shark aggregations in the western Indian Ocean

Author

Hardenstine, Royale S., primary, He, Song, additional, Cochran, Jesse E. M., additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Cagua, Edgar Fernando, additional, Pierce, Simon J., additional, Prebble, Clare E. M., additional, Rohner, Christoph A., additional, Saenz‐Agudelo, Pablo, additional, Sinclair‐Taylor, Tane H., additional, Skomal, Gregory B., additional, Thorrold, Simon R., additional, Watts, Alexandra M., additional, Zakroff, Casey J., additional, and Berumen, Michael L., additional

Published
2022
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37. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., primary, Primack, Richard B., additional, Biggar, Brandy S., additional, Bird, Tomas J., additional, Clinton, Mary E., additional, Command, Rylan J., additional, Richards, Cerren, additional, Shellard, Marc, additional, Geraldi, Nathan R., additional, Vergara, Valeria, additional, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, additional, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, additional, Ocampo, David, additional, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, additional, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., additional, Adamescu, Cristian M., additional, Cheval, Sorin, additional, Racoviceanu, Tudor, additional, Adams, Matthew D., additional, Kalisa, Egide, additional, Kuuire, Vincent Z., additional, Aditya, Vikram, additional, Anderwald, Pia, additional, Wiesmann, Samuel, additional, Wipf, Sonja, additional, Badihi, Gal, additional, Henderson, Matthew G., additional, Loetscher, Hanspeter, additional, Baerenfaller, Katja, additional, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, additional, Bulleri, Fabio, additional, Bertocci, Iacopo, additional, Maggi, Elena, additional, Rindi, Luca, additional, Ravaglioli, Chiara, additional, Boerder, Kristina, additional, Bonnel, Julien, additional, Mathias, Delphine, additional, Archambault, Philippe, additional, Chauvaud, Laurent, additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Thorrold, Simon R., additional, Brownscombe, Jacob W., additional, Midwood, Jonathan D., additional, Boston, Christine M., additional, Brooks, Jill L., additional, Cooke, Steven J., additional, China, Victor, additional, Roll, Uri, additional, Belmaker, Jonathan, additional, Zvuloni, Assaf, additional, Coll, Marta, additional, Ortega, Miquel, additional, Connors, Brendan, additional, Lacko, Lisa, additional, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., additional, Costello, Mark J., additional, Crimmins, Theresa M., additional, Barnett, LoriAnne, additional, Denny, Ellen G., additional, Gerst, Katharine L., additional, Marsh, R.L., additional, Posthumus, Erin E., additional, Rodriguez, Reilly, additional, Rosemartin, Alyssa, additional, Schaffer, Sara N., additional, Switzer, Jeff R., additional, Wong, Kevin, additional, Cunningham, Susan J., additional, Sumasgutner, Petra, additional, Amar, Arjun, additional, Thomson, Robert L., additional, Stofberg, Miqkayla, additional, Hofmeyr, Sally, additional, Suri, Jessleena, additional, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., additional, Day, Paul B., additional, Edgar, Graham J., additional, Cooper, Antonia T., additional, De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, additional, Garner, Grant, additional, Des Brisay, Paulson G., additional, Schrimpf, Michael B., additional, Koper, Nicola, additional, Diamond, Michael S., additional, Dwyer, Ross G., additional, Baker, Cameron J., additional, Franklin, Craig E., additional, Efrat, Ron, additional, Berger-Tal, Oded, additional, Hatzofe, Ohad, additional, Eguíluz, Víctor M., additional, Rodríguez, Jorge P., additional, Fernández-Gracia, Juan, additional, Elustondo, David, additional, Calatayud, Vicent, additional, English, Philina A., additional, Archer, Stephanie K., additional, Dudas, Sarah E., additional, Haggarty, Dana R., additional, Gallagher, Austin J., additional, Shea, Brendan D., additional, Shipley, Oliver N., additional, Gilby, Ben L., additional, Ballantyne, Jasmine, additional, Olds, Andrew D., additional, Henderson, Christopher J., additional, Schlacher, Thomas A., additional, Halliday, William D., additional, Brown, Nicholas A.W., additional, Woods, Mackenzie B., additional, Balshine, Sigal, additional, Juanes, Francis, additional, Rider, Mitchell J., additional, Albano, Patricia S., additional, Hammerschlag, Neil, additional, Hays, Graeme C., additional, Esteban, Nicole, additional, Pan, Yuhang, additional, He, Guojun, additional, Tanaka, Takanao, additional, Hensel, Marc J.S., additional, Orth, Robert J., additional, Patrick, Christopher J., additional, Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, additional, Olsson, Olof, additional, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., additional, Higgs, Nicholas D., additional, Hindell, Mark A., additional, McMahon, Clive R., additional, Harcourt, Rob, additional, Guinet, Christophe, additional, Hirsch, Sarah E., additional, Perrault, Justin R., additional, Hoover, Shelby R., additional, Reilly, Jennifer D., additional, Hobaiter, Catherine, additional, Gruber, Thibaud, additional, Huveneers, Charlie, additional, Udyawer, Vinay, additional, Clarke, Thomas M., additional, Kroesen, Laura P., additional, Hik, David S., additional, Cherry, Seth G., additional, Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., additional, Jackson, Jennifer M., additional, Lai, Shengjie, additional, Lamb, Clayton T., additional, LeClair, Gregory D., additional, Parmelee, Jeffrey R., additional, Chatfield, Matthew W.H., additional, Frederick, Cheryl A., additional, Lee, Sangdon, additional, Park, Hyomin, additional, Choi, Jaein, additional, LeTourneux, Frédéric, additional, Grandmont, Thierry, additional, de-Broin, Frédéric Dulude, additional, Bêty, Joël, additional, Gauthier, Gilles, additional, Legagneux, Pierre, additional, Lewis, Jesse S., additional, Haight, Jeffrey, additional, Liu, Zhu, additional, Lyon, Jarod P., additional, Hale, Robin, additional, D'Silva, Dallas, additional, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, additional, Arbeláez-Cortés, Enrique, additional, Estela, Felipe A., additional, Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., additional, García-Arroyo, Michelle, additional, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., additional, Franco Morales, Juan C., additional, Malamud, Shahar, additional, Gavriel, Tal, additional, Buba, Yehezkel, additional, Salingré, Shira, additional, Lazarus, Mai, additional, Yahel, Ruthy, additional, Ari, Yigael Ben, additional, Miller, Eyal, additional, Sade, Rotem, additional, Lavian, Guy, additional, Birman, Ziv, additional, Gury, Manor, additional, Baz, Harel, additional, Baskin, Ilia, additional, Penn, Alon, additional, Dolev, Amit, additional, Licht, Ogen, additional, Karkom, Tabi, additional, Davidzon, Sharon, additional, Berkovitch, Avi, additional, Yaakov, Ofer, additional, Manenti, Raoul, additional, Mori, Emiliano, additional, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, additional, Lunghi, Enrico, additional, March, David, additional, Godley, Brendan J., additional, Martin, Cecilia, additional, Mihaly, Steven F., additional, Barclay, David R., additional, Thomson, Dugald J.M., additional, Dewey, Richard, additional, Bedard, Jeannette, additional, Miller, Aroha, additional, Dearden, Amber, additional, Chapman, Jennifer, additional, Dares, Lauren, additional, Borden, Laura, additional, Gibbs, Donna, additional, Schultz, Jessica, additional, Sergeenko, Nikita, additional, Francis, Fiona, additional, Weltman, Amanda, additional, Moity, Nicolas, additional, Ramírez-González, Jorge, additional, Mucientes, Gonzalo, additional, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, additional, Namir, Itai, additional, Bar-Massada, Avi, additional, Chen, Ron, additional, Yedvab, Shmulik, additional, Okey, Thomas A., additional, Oppel, Steffen, additional, Arkumarev, Volen, additional, Bakari, Samuel, additional, Dobrev, Vladimir, additional, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, additional, Bounas, Anastasios, additional, Dobrev, Dobromir, additional, Kret, Elzbieta, additional, Mengistu, Solomon, additional, Pourchier, Cloé, additional, Ruffo, Alazar, additional, Tesfaye, Million, additional, Wondafrash, Mengistu, additional, Nikolov, Stoyan C., additional, Palmer, Charles, additional, Sileci, Lorenzo, additional, Rex, Patrick T., additional, Lowe, Christopher G., additional, Peters, Francesc, additional, Pine, Matthew K., additional, Radford, Craig A., additional, Wilson, Louise, additional, McWhinnie, Lauren, additional, Scuderi, Alessia, additional, Jeffs, Andrew G., additional, Prudic, Kathleen L., additional, Larrivée, Maxim, additional, McFarland, Kent P., additional, Solis, Rodrigo, additional, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., additional, Queiroz, Nuno, additional, Furtado, Miguel A., additional, Sims, David W., additional, Southall, Emily, additional, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., additional, Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., additional, Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., additional, Severino, Sarah J.L., additional, Graham, Andrew T., additional, Stefanak, Matthew P., additional, Madin, Elizabeth M.P., additional, Ryan, Peter G., additional, Maclean, Kyle, additional, Weideman, Eleanor A., additional, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H., additional, Kittelberger, Kyle D., additional, Kusak, Josip, additional, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., additional, Hanna, Megan E., additional, Shimada, Takahiro, additional, Meekan, Mark G., additional, Smith, Martin K.S., additional, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., additional, Soh, Malcolm C.K., additional, Pang, Roanna Y.T., additional, Ng, Breyl X.K., additional, Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., additional, Loo, Adrian H.B., additional, Er, Kenneth B.H., additional, Souza, Gabriel B.G., additional, Stallings, Christopher D., additional, Curtis, Joseph S., additional, Faletti, Meaghan E., additional, Peake, Jonathan A., additional, Schram, Michael J., additional, Wall, Kara R., additional, Terry, Carina, additional, Rothendler, Matt, additional, Zipf, Lucy, additional, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, additional, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, additional, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, additional, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, additional, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, additional, Roa, Margarita, additional, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, additional, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, additional, Vardi, Reut, additional, Vázquez, Víctor, additional, Requena-Mesa, Christian, additional, Warrington, Miyako H., additional, Taylor, Michelle E., additional, Woodall, Lucy C., additional, Stefanoudis, Paris V., additional, Zhang, Xiangliang, additional, Yang, Qiang, additional, Zukerman, Yuval, additional, Sigal, Zehava, additional, Ayali, Amir, additional, Clua, Eric E.G., additional, Carzon, Pamela, additional, Seguine, Clementine, additional, Corradini, Andrea, additional, Pedrotti, Luca, additional, Foley, Catherine M., additional, Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, additional, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, additional, Milanes, Celene B., additional, Botero, Camilo M., additional, Velázquez, Yunior R., additional, Milchakova, Nataliya A., additional, Morley, Simon A., additional, Martin, Stephanie M., additional, Nanni, Veronica, additional, Otero, Tanya, additional, Wakeling, Julia, additional, Abarro, Sarah, additional, Piou, Cyril, additional, Sobral, Ana F.L., additional, Soto, Eulogio H., additional, Weigel, Emily G., additional, Bernal-Ibáñez, Alejandro, additional, Gestoso, Ignacio, additional, Cacabelos, Eva, additional, Cagnacci, Francesca, additional, Devassy, Reny P., additional, Loretto, Matthias-Claudio, additional, Moraga, Paula, additional, Rutz, Christian, additional, and Duarte, Carlos M., additional

Published
2021
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38. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, et al., Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, and et al.

Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021

39. A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation

Author

Sequeira, Ana M. M., O'Toole, Malcolm, Keates, Theresa R., McDonnell, Laura H., Braun, Camrin D., Hoenner, Xavier, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jonsen, Ian, Newman, Peggy, Pye, Jonathan, Bograd, Steven, Hays, Graeme, Hazen, Elliott L., Holland, Melinda, Tsontos, Vardis, Blight, Clint, Cagnacci, Francesca, Davidson, Sarah C., Dettki, Holger, Duarte, Carlos M., Dunn, Daniel C., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Fedak, Michael, Gleiss, Adrian C., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hindell, Mark, Holland, Kim, Janekovic, Ivica, McKinzie, Megan K., Muelbert, Monica M. C., Pattiaratchi, Charitha, Rutz, Christian, Sims, David W., Simmons, Samantha E., Townsend, Brendal, Whoriskey, Frederick G., Woodward, Bill, Costa, Daniel P., Heupel, Michelle R., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Robert, Weise, Michael, Sequeira, Ana M. M., O'Toole, Malcolm, Keates, Theresa R., McDonnell, Laura H., Braun, Camrin D., Hoenner, Xavier, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jonsen, Ian, Newman, Peggy, Pye, Jonathan, Bograd, Steven, Hays, Graeme, Hazen, Elliott L., Holland, Melinda, Tsontos, Vardis, Blight, Clint, Cagnacci, Francesca, Davidson, Sarah C., Dettki, Holger, Duarte, Carlos M., Dunn, Daniel C., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Fedak, Michael, Gleiss, Adrian C., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hindell, Mark, Holland, Kim, Janekovic, Ivica, McKinzie, Megan K., Muelbert, Monica M. C., Pattiaratchi, Charitha, Rutz, Christian, Sims, David W., Simmons, Samantha E., Townsend, Brendal, Whoriskey, Frederick G., Woodward, Bill, Costa, Daniel P., Heupel, Michelle R., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Robert, and Weise, Michael

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Sequeira, A. M. M., O'Toole, M., Keates, T. R., McDonnell, L. H., Braun, C. D., Hoenner, X., Jaine, F. R. A., Jonsen, I. D., Newman, P., Pye, J., Bograd, S. J., Hays, G. C., Hazen, E. L., Holland, M., Tsontos, V. M., Blight, C., Cagnacci, F., Davidson, S. C., Dettki, H., Duarte, C. M., Dunn, D. C., Eguiluz, V. M., Fedak, M., Gleiss, A. C., Hammerschlag, N., Hindell, M. A., Holland, K., Janekovic, I., McKinzie, M. K., Muelbert, M. M. C., Pattiaratchi, C., Rutz, C., Sims, D. W., Simmons, S. E., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Woodward, B., Costa, D. P., Heupel, M. R., McMahon, C. R., Harcourt, R., & Weise, M. A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 12, (2021): 996–1007, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13593., 1. Bio-logging data obtained by tagging animals are key to addressing global conservation challenges. However, the many thousands of existing bio-logging datasets are not easily discoverable, universally comparable, nor readily accessible through existing repositories and across platforms, slowing down ecological research and effective management. A set of universal standards is needed to ensure discoverability, interoperability and effective translation of bio-logging data into research and management recommendations. 2. We propose a standardisation framework adhering to existing data principles (FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable; and TRUST: Transparency, Responsibility, User focus, Sustainability and Technology) and involving the use of simple templates to create a data flow from manufacturers and researchers to compliant repositories, where automated procedures should be in place to prepare data availability into four standardised levels: (a) decoded raw data, (b) curated data, (c) interpolated data and (d) gridded data. Our framework allows for integration of simple tabular arrays (e.g. csv files) and creation of sharable and interoperable network Common Data Form (netCDF) files containing all the needed information for accuracy-of-use, rightful attribution (ensuring data providers keep ownership through the entire process) and data preservation security. 3. We show the standardisation benefits for all stakeholders involved, and illustrate the application of our framework by focusing on marine animals and by providing examples of the workflow across all data levels, including filled templates and code to process data between levels, as well as templates to prepare netCDF files ready for sharing. 4. Adoption of our framework will facilitate collection of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) in support of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and inter-governmental assessments (e.g. the World Ocean Assessment), and will provide a starting point, We are thankful to ONR and UWA OI for funding the workshop, and to ARC for DP210103091. A.M.M.S. was funded by a 2020 Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation, and also supported by AIMS. C.R. was the recipient of a Radcliffe Fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University.

Published
2021

40. Horizontal and vertical movement patterns and habitat use of juvenile porbeagles (Lamna nasus) in the Western North Atlantic

Author

Skomal, Gregory B., Marshall, Heather, Galuardi, Benjamin, Natanson, Lisa J., Braun, Camrin D., Bernal, Diego, Skomal, Gregory B., Marshall, Heather, Galuardi, Benjamin, Natanson, Lisa J., Braun, Camrin D., and Bernal, Diego

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Skomal, G., Marshall, H., Galuardi, B., Natanson, L., Braun, C. D., & Bernal, D. Horizontal and vertical movement patterns and habitat use of juvenile porbeagles (Lamna nasus) in the Western North Atlantic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8,(2021): 624158, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.624158., The porbeagle (Lamna nasus) is a large, highly migratory endothermic shark broadly distributed in the higher latitudes of the Atlantic, South Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In the North Atlantic, the porbeagle has a long history of fisheries exploitation and current assessments indicate that this stock is severely overfished. Although much is known of the life history of this species, there is little fisheries-independent information about habitat preferences and ecology. To examine migratory routes, vertical behavior, and environmental associations in the western North Atlantic, we deployed pop-up satellite archival transmitting tags on 20 porbeagles in late November, 2006. The sharks, ten males and ten females ranging from 128 to 154 cm fork length, were tagged and released from a commercial longline fishing vessel on the northwestern edge of Georges Bank, about 150 km east of Cape Cod, MA. The tags were programmed to release in March (n = 7), July (n = 7), and November (n = 6) of 2007, and 17 (85%) successfully reported. Based on known and derived geopositions, the porbeagles exhibited broad seasonally-dependent horizontal and vertical movements ranging from minimum linear distances of 937 to 3,310 km and from the surface to 1,300 m, respectively. All of the sharks remained in the western North Atlantic from the Gulf of Maine, the Scotian Shelf, on George's Bank, and in the deep, oceanic waters off the continental shelf along the edge of, and within, the Gulf Stream. In general, the population appears to be shelf-oriented during the summer and early fall with more expansive offshore radiation in the winter and spring. Although sharks moved through temperatures ranging from 2 to 26°C, the bulk of their time (97%) was spent in 6-20°C. In the summer months, most of the sharks were associated with the continental shelf moving between the surface and the bottom and remaining < 200 m deep. In the late fall and winter months, the porbeagles moved into pelagic habitat and e, This research was funded by the Large Pelagics Research Center (Grant 06-125).

Published
2021

41. Vertical movements of a pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus): insights into the species' physiological limitations and trophic ecology in the Red Sea

Author

Arostegui, Martin C., Gaube, Peter, Berumen, Michael L., DiGiulian, Anthony, Jones, Burton H., Røstad, Anders, Braun, Camrin D., Arostegui, Martin C., Gaube, Peter, Berumen, Michael L., DiGiulian, Anthony, Jones, Burton H., Røstad, Anders, and Braun, Camrin D.

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Arostegui, M. C., Gaube, P., Berumen, M. L., DiGiulian, A., Jones, B. H., Rostad, A., & Braun, C. D. Vertical movements of a pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus): insights into the species' physiological limitations and trophic ecology in the Red Sea. Endangered Species Research, 43, (2020): 387-394, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01079., The pelagic thresher shark Alopias pelagicus is an understudied elasmobranch harvested in commercial fisheries of the tropical Indo-Pacific. The species is endangered, overexploited throughout much of its range, and has a decreasing population trend. Relatively little is known about its movement ecology, precluding an informed recovery strategy. Here, we report the first results from an individual pelagic thresher shark outfitted with a pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tag to assess its movement with respect to the species’ physiology and trophic ecology. A 19 d deployment in the Red Sea revealed that the shark conducted normal diel vertical migration, spending the majority of the day at 200-300 m in the mesopelagic zone and the majority of the night at 50-150 m in the epipelagic zone, with the extent of these movements seemingly not constrained by temperature. In contrast, the depth distribution of the shark relative to the vertical distribution of oxygen suggested that it was avoiding hypoxic conditions below 300 m even though that is where the daytime peak of acoustic backscattering occurs in the Red Sea. Telemetry data also indicated crepuscular and daytime overlap of the shark’s vertical habitat use with distinct scattering layers of small mesopelagic fishes and nighttime overlap with nearly all mesopelagic organisms in the Red Sea as these similarly undergo nightly ascents into epipelagic waters. We identify potential depths and diel periods in which pelagic thresher sharks may be most susceptible to fishery interactions, but more expansive research efforts are needed to inform effective management., This research was funded by a KAUST Center Part-nership Fund award (4107.3 to the Red Sea Research Cen-ter) and KAUST baseline funding (B.H.J. and M.L.B.).M.C.A. and P.G. acknowledge support from NOAA projectNA15OAR4320063. This study was conducted under a pro-tocol approved by the University of Washington’s Institu-tional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Published
2021

42. A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation

Author

The Pew Charitable Trusts, Harvard University, Sequeira, Ana M. M., O'Toole, Malcolm, Keates, Theresa R., McDonnell, Laura H, Braun, Camrin D., Hoenner, Xavier, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jonsen, Ian D., Newman, Peggy, Pye, Jonathan, Bograd, Steven J., Hays, Graeme C., Hazen, Elliott L., Holland, Melinda, Tsontos, Vardis M., Blight, Clint, Cagnacci, Francesca, Davidson, Sarah C., Dettki, Holger, Duarte, Carlos M., Dunn, Daniel C., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Fedak, Michael, Gleiss, Adrian C., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hindell, Mark A., Holland, Kim, Janekovic, Ivica, McKinzie, Megan K., Muelbert, Monica M. C., Pattiaratchi, Chari, Rutz, Christian, Sims, David W., Simmons, Samantha E., Townsend, Brendal, Whoriskey, Frederick, Woodward, Bill, Costa, Daniel P., Heupel, Michelle R., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Weise, Michael, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Harvard University, Sequeira, Ana M. M., O'Toole, Malcolm, Keates, Theresa R., McDonnell, Laura H, Braun, Camrin D., Hoenner, Xavier, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., Jonsen, Ian D., Newman, Peggy, Pye, Jonathan, Bograd, Steven J., Hays, Graeme C., Hazen, Elliott L., Holland, Melinda, Tsontos, Vardis M., Blight, Clint, Cagnacci, Francesca, Davidson, Sarah C., Dettki, Holger, Duarte, Carlos M., Dunn, Daniel C., Eguíluz, Víctor M., Fedak, Michael, Gleiss, Adrian C., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hindell, Mark A., Holland, Kim, Janekovic, Ivica, McKinzie, Megan K., Muelbert, Monica M. C., Pattiaratchi, Chari, Rutz, Christian, Sims, David W., Simmons, Samantha E., Townsend, Brendal, Whoriskey, Frederick, Woodward, Bill, Costa, Daniel P., Heupel, Michelle R., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, and Weise, Michael

Abstract

Bio-logging data obtained by tagging animals are key to addressing global conservation challenges. However, the many thousands of existing bio-logging datasets are not easily discoverable, universally comparable, nor readily accessible through existing repositories and across platforms, slowing down ecological research and effective management. A set of universal standards is needed to ensure discoverability, interoperability and effective translation of bio-logging data into research and management recommendations. We propose a standardisation framework adhering to existing data principles (FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable; and TRUST: Transparency, Responsibility, User focus, Sustainability and Technology) and involving the use of simple templates to create a data flow from manufacturers and researchers to compliant repositories, where automated procedures should be in place to prepare data availability into four standardised levels: (a) decoded raw data, (b) curated data, (c) interpolated data and (d) gridded data. Our framework allows for integration of simple tabular arrays (e.g. csv files) and creation of sharable and interoperable network Common Data Form (netCDF) files containing all the needed information for accuracy-of-use, rightful attribution (ensuring data providers keep ownership through the entire process) and data preservation security. We show the standardisation benefits for all stakeholders involved, and illustrate the application of our framework by focusing on marine animals and by providing examples of the workflow across all data levels, including filled templates and code to process data between levels, as well as templates to prepare netCDF files ready for sharing. Adoption of our framework will facilitate collection of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) in support of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and inter-governmental assessments (e.g. the World Ocean Assessment), and will provide a starting point for broader

Published
2021

44. A standardisation framework for bio‐logging data to advance ecological research and conservation

Author

Sequeira, Ana M. M., primary, O'Toole, Malcolm, additional, Keates, Theresa R., additional, McDonnell, Laura H., additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Hoenner, Xavier, additional, Jaine, Fabrice R. A., additional, Jonsen, Ian D., additional, Newman, Peggy, additional, Pye, Jonathan, additional, Bograd, Steven J., additional, Hays, Graeme C., additional, Hazen, Elliott L., additional, Holland, Melinda, additional, Tsontos, Vardis M., additional, Blight, Clint, additional, Cagnacci, Francesca, additional, Davidson, Sarah C., additional, Dettki, Holger, additional, Duarte, Carlos M., additional, Dunn, Daniel C., additional, Eguíluz, Victor M., additional, Fedak, Michael, additional, Gleiss, Adrian C., additional, Hammerschlag, Neil, additional, Hindell, Mark A., additional, Holland, Kim, additional, Janekovic, Ivica, additional, McKinzie, Megan K., additional, Muelbert, Mônica M. C., additional, Pattiaratchi, Chari, additional, Rutz, Christian, additional, Sims, David W., additional, Simmons, Samantha E., additional, Townsend, Brendal, additional, Whoriskey, Frederick, additional, Woodward, Bill, additional, Costa, Daniel P., additional, Heupel, Michelle R., additional, McMahon, Clive R., additional, Harcourt, Rob, additional, and Weise, Michael, additional

Published
2021
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45. Contrasting global, regional and local patterns of genetic structure in gray reef shark populations from the Indo-Pacific region

Author

Boissin, Emilie, Thorrold, Simon R., Braun, Camrin D., Zhou, Yuxiang, Clua, Eric, Planes, Serge, Boissin, Emilie, Thorrold, Simon R., Braun, Camrin D., Zhou, Yuxiang, Clua, Eric, and Planes, Serge

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Boissin, E., Thorrold, S. R., Braun, C. D., Zhou, Y., Clua, E. E., & Planes, S. Contrasting global, regional and local patterns of genetic structure in gray reef shark populations from the Indo-Pacific region. Scientific Reports, 9(1), (2019): 15816. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52221-6., Human activities have resulted in the loss of over 90% of sharks in most ocean basins and one in four species of elasmobranch are now listed at risk of extinction by the IUCN. How this collapse will affect the ability of populations to recover in the face of continued exploitation and global climate change remains unknown. Indeed, important ecological and biological information are lacking for most shark species, particularly estimates of genetic diversity and population structure over a range of spatial scales. Using 15 microsatellite markers, we investigated genetic diversity and population structure in gray reef sharks over their Indo-Pacific range (407 specimens from 9 localities). Clear genetic differentiation was observed between the Indian and the Pacific Ocean specimens (FST = 0.145***). Further differentiation within the Pacific included a West and East cleavage as well as North-Central and South-Central Pacific clusters. No genetic differentiation was detected within archipelagos. These results highlight the legacy of past climate changes and the effects of large ocean expanses and circulation patterns on contrasting levels of connectivity at global, regional and local scales. Our results indicate a need for regional conservation units for gray reef sharks and pinpoint the isolation and vulnerability of their French Polynesian population., All of the following provided funding for the research presented here (no particular order after the first organization): Laboratoire d’Excellence CORAIL, Ministère de l’Ecologie du Développement Durable et de l’Energie, Ministère de l’Outre-Mer, Fonds Pacifique, IFRECOR, Délégation à la recherche de Polynésie, Agence Nationale de la Recherche and the Robertson Foundation. We also thank Andrew Chin, Jennifer Ovenden, Mark Meekan and Conrad Speed, Mael Imirizaldu, David Lecchini, Patrick Plantard, Jonathan Werry, Johann Mourier, Thomas Vignaud, Matis Jorge, Noémie Jublier and several other students for providing samples or for assistance with sampling. We are grateful to three anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments.

Published
2020

46. Integrating Archival Tag Data and a High-Resolution Oceanographic Model to Estimate Basking Shark (Cetorhinus maximus) Movements in the Western Atlantic

Author

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Braun, Camrin D., Skomal, Gregory B., Thorrold, Simon R., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Braun, Camrin D., Skomal, Gregory B., and Thorrold, Simon R.

Abstract

Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) populations are considered “vulnerable” globally and “endangered” in the northeast Atlantic by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Much of our knowledge of this species comes from surface observations in coastal waters, yet recent evidence suggests the majority of their lives may be spent in the deep ocean. Depth preferences of basking sharks have significantly limited movement studies that used pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tags as conventional light-based geolocation is impossible for tagged animals that spend significant time below the photic zone. We tagged 57 basking sharks with PSAT tags in the NW Atlantic from 2004 to 2011. Many individuals spent several months at meso- and bathy-pelagic depths where accurate light-level geolocation was impossible during fall, winter and spring. We applied a newly-developed geolocation approach for the PSAT data by comparing three-dimensional depth-temperature profile data recorded by the tags to modeled in situ oceanographic data from the high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Observation-based likelihoods were leveraged within a state-space hidden Markov model (HMM). The combined tracks revealed that basking sharks moved from waters around Cape Cod, MA to as far as the SE coast of Brazil (20°S), a total distance of over 17,000 km. Moreover, 59% of tagged individuals with sufficient deployment durations (>250 days) demonstrated seasonal fidelity to Cape Cod and the Gulf of Maine, with one individual returning to within 60 km of its tagging location 1 year later. Tagged sharks spent most of their time at epipelagic depths during summer months around Cape Cod and in the Gulf of Maine. During winter months, sharks spent extended periods at depths of at least 600 m while moving south to the Sargasso Sea, the Caribbean Sea, or the western tropical Atlantic. Our work demonstrates the utility of applying advances in oceanographic modeling, National Science Foundation (Grant OCE 0825148), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NNS06AA96G)

Published
2020

48. Population genomic response to geographic gradients by widespread and endemic fishes of the Arabian Peninsula

Author

DiBattista, Joseph D., primary, Saenz‐Agudelo, Pablo, additional, Piatek, Marek J., additional, Cagua, Edgar Fernando, additional, Bowen, Brian W., additional, Choat, John Howard, additional, Rocha, Luiz A., additional, Gaither, Michelle R., additional, Hobbs, Jean‐Paul A., additional, Sinclair‐Taylor, Tane H., additional, McIlwain, Jennifer H., additional, Priest, Mark A., additional, Braun, Camrin D., additional, Hussey, Nigel E., additional, Kessel, Steven T., additional, and Berumen, Michael L., additional

Published
2020
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49. Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries

Author

Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, Da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, Antonio M, Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuna-marrero, David, Afonso, Andre S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Bradford, Russell W., Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Bruce, Barry D., Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortes, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fabio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Jorgensen, Salvador J., Joyce, Warren, Daly, Clare A. Keating, Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., Macdonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, Mcallister, Jaime D., Mcauley, Rory, Meyer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Patterson, Toby A., Penaherrera-palma, Cesar, Pepperell, Julian G., Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Stevens, John D., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zarate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., Sims, David W., Queiroz, Nuno, Humphries, Nicolas E., Couto, Ana, Vedor, Marisa, Da Costa, Ivo, Sequeira, Ana M. M., Mucientes, Gonzalo, Santos, Antonio M, Abascal, Francisco J., Abercrombie, Debra L., Abrantes, Katya, Acuna-marrero, David, Afonso, Andre S., Afonso, Pedro, Anders, Darrell, Araujo, Gonzalo, Arauz, Randall, Bach, Pascal, Barnett, Adam, Bernal, Diego, Berumen, Michael L., Lion, Sandra Bessudo, Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Blaison, Antonin V., Block, Barbara A., Bond, Mark E., Bonfil, Ramon, Bradford, Russell W., Braun, Camrin D., Brooks, Edward J., Brooks, Annabelle, Brown, Judith, Bruce, Barry D., Byrne, Michael E., Campana, Steven E., Carlisle, Aaron B., Chapman, Demian D., Chapple, Taylor K., Chisholm, John, Clarke, Christopher R., Clua, Eric G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Crochelet, Estelle C., Dagorn, Laurent, Daly, Ryan, Cortes, Daniel Devia, Doyle, Thomas K., Drew, Michael, Duffy, Clinton A. J., Erikson, Thor, Espinoza, Eduardo, Ferreira, Luciana C., Ferretti, Francesco, Filmalter, John D., Fischer, G. Chris, Fitzpatrick, Richard, Fontes, Jorge, Forget, Fabien, Fowler, Mark, Francis, Malcolm P., Gallagher, Austin J., Gennari, Enrico, Goldsworthy, Simon D., Gollock, Matthew J., Green, Jonathan R., Gustafson, Johan A., Guttridge, Tristan L., Guzman, Hector M., Hammerschlag, Neil, Harman, Luke, Hazin, Fabio H. V., Heard, Matthew, Hearn, Alex R., Holdsworth, John C., Holmes, Bonnie J., Howey, Lucy A., Hoyos, Mauricio, Hueter, Robert E., Hussey, Nigel E., Huveneers, Charlie, Irion, Dylan T., Jacoby, David M. P., Jewell, Oliver J. D., Johnson, Ryan, Jordan, Lance K. B., Jorgensen, Salvador J., Joyce, Warren, Daly, Clare A. Keating, Ketchum, James T., Klimley, A. Peter, Kock, Alison A., Koen, Pieter, Ladino, Felipe, Lana, Fernanda O., Lea, James S. E., Llewellyn, Fiona, Lyon, Warrick S., Macdonnell, Anna, Macena, Bruno C. L., Marshall, Heather, Mcallister, Jaime D., Mcauley, Rory, Meyer, Michael A., Morris, John J., Nelson, Emily R., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Patterson, Toby A., Penaherrera-palma, Cesar, Pepperell, Julian G., Pierce, Simon J., Poisson, Francois, Quintero, Lina Maria, Richardson, Andrew J., Rogers, Paul J., Rohner, Christoph A., Rowat, David R. L., Samoilys, Melita, Semmens, Jayson M., Sheaves, Marcus, Shillinger, George, Shivji, Mahmood, Singh, Sarika, Skomal, Gregory B., Smale, Malcolm J., Snyders, Laurenne B., Soler, German, Soria, Marc, Stehfest, Kilian M., Stevens, John D., Thorrold, Simon R., Tolotti, Mariana T., Towner, Alison, Travassos, Paulo, Tyminski, John P., Vandeperre, Frederic, Vaudo, Jeremy J., Watanabe, Yuuki Y., Weber, Sam B., Wetherbee, Bradley M., White, Timothy D., Williams, Sean, Zarate, Patricia M., Harcourt, Robert, Hays, Graeme C., Meekan, Mark G., Thums, Michele, Irigoien, Xabier, Eguiluz, Victor M., Duarte, Carlos M., Sousa, Lara L., Simpson, Samantha J., Southall, Emily J., and Sims, David W.

Abstract

Effective ocean management and the conservation of highly migratory species depend on resolving the overlap between animal movements and distributions, and fishing effort. However, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach that combines satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space-use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively), and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas). Our results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use, and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real-time, dynamic management.

Published
2019
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50. Multi-method assessment of whale shark (Rhincodon typus) residency, distribution, and dispersal behavior at an aggregation site in the Red Sea

Author

Cochran, Jesse E. M., Braun, Camrin D., Cagua, E. Fernando, Campbell, Michael F., Jr., Hardenstine, Royale S., Kattan, Alexander, Priest, Mark A., Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H., Skomal, Gregory B., Sultan, Sahar, Sun, Lu, Thorrold, Simon R., Berumen, Michael L., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Braun, Camrin D., Cagua, E. Fernando, Campbell, Michael F., Jr., Hardenstine, Royale S., Kattan, Alexander, Priest, Mark A., Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H., Skomal, Gregory B., Sultan, Sahar, Sun, Lu, Thorrold, Simon R., and Berumen, Michael L.

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cochran, J. E. M., Braun, C. D., Cagua, E. F., Campbell, M. F., Hardenstine, R. S., Kattan, A., Priest, M. A., Sinclair-Taylor, T. H., Skomal, G. B., Sultan, S., Sun, L., Thorrold, S. R., & Berumen, M. L. Multi-method assessment of whale shark (Rhincodon typus) residency, distribution, and dispersal behavior at an aggregation site in the Red Sea. Plos One, 14(9), (2019): e0222285, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222285., Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are typically dispersed throughout their circumtropical range, but the species is also known to aggregate in specific coastal areas. Accurate site descriptions associated with these aggregations are essential for the conservation of R. typus, an Endangered species. Although aggregations have become valuable hubs for research, most site descriptions rely heavily on sightings data. In the present study, visual census, passive acoustic monitoring, and long range satellite telemetry were combined to track the movements of R. typus from Shib Habil, a reef-associated aggregation site in the Red Sea. An array of 63 receiver stations was used to record the presence of 84 acoustically tagged sharks (35 females, 37 males, 12 undetermined) from April 2010 to May 2016. Over the same period, identification photos were taken for 76 of these tagged individuals and 38 were fitted with satellite transmitters. In total of 37,461 acoustic detections, 210 visual encounters, and 33 satellite tracks were analyzed to describe the sharks’ movement ecology. The results demonstrate that the aggregation is seasonal, mostly concentrated on the exposed side of Shib Habil, and seems to attract sharks of both sexes in roughly equal numbers. The combined methodologies also tracked 15 interannual homing-migrations, demonstrating that many sharks leave the area before returning in later years. When compared to acoustic studies from other aggregations, these results demonstrate that R. typus exhibits diverse, site-specific ecologies across its range. Sightings-independent data from acoustic telemetry and other sources are an effective means of validating more common visual surveys., Financial support was provided in part by KAUST baseline research funds (to MLB), KAUST award nos. USA00002 and KSA 00011 (to SRT), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (OCE 0825148 to SRT and GBS).

Published
2019

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