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Qiong Wu,1,2,* Yu Cao,1,* Meixia Liu,1 Fang Liu,1 Adelheid H Brantner,3 Yang Yang,1 Yun Wei,1 Yu Zhou,4 Zhiyong Wang,1 Lina Ma,1 Feixue Wang,1 Hui Pei,1 Hao Li1 1Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; 4Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hao Li; Hui PeiDepartment of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1 Xiyuan Caochang Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 10 6283 5631Email xyhplihao1965@126.com; phxydoctor@126.comPurpose: Clinical trials have illustrated that Shenmayizhi decoction (SMYZ) could improve the cognitive functions in patients with dementia. However, the mechanism needs to be explored.Methods: Fifty adult male rats (Wistar strain) were divided into five groups equally and randomly, including control, model, and SMYZ of low dose, medium dose and high dose. Rats in each group received a daily gavage of respective treatment. Rats in control and model group were administrated by the same volume of distilled water. Memory impairment was induced by intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine (0.7 mg/kg) for 5 continuous days. Four weeks later, Morris water maze (MWM) was performed to evaluate the spatial memory in all rats. Then, rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus was removed for further tests. Furthermore, Western blot analysis was employed to assess the levels of acetylcholine M1 receptor (M1), acetylcholine M2 receptor (M2), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT). AChE and ChAT activities were determined.Results: The SMYZ decoction significantly improved behavioral performance of rats in high dose. The SMYZ decoction in three doses exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. In addition, a high dose of SMYZ promoted ChAT activity. Moreover, a high dose of SMYZ increased the level of ChAT and declined the level of AChE assessed by Western blotting. Besides, an increased level of M1 receptor was found after treatment.Conclusion: Shenmayizhi decoction could mitigate scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits through the preventative effect on cholinergic system dysfunction.Keywords: dementia, Shenmayizhi decoction, scopolamine, acetylcholine M1 receptor, acetylcholinesterase, cholineacetyltransferase

Geomedia, representing an epochal shift in spatial mediations and spatialized media, changes daily life. This future-directed thematic issue advocates for contextualized understandings of geomedia that transcend contemporary hegemonic representations of technology. It recognizes the transformative powers of geomediatization processes and asks what “geomedia futures” such processes might bring about. Bridging critical geomedia studies and critical future studies, it challenges dominant narratives about tomorrow’s technological society and promotes the exploration of diverse, equitable, and sustainable futures with and under geomedia. Through numerous methodological approaches, the collected articles examine the role of geomedia in contexts such as urban planning, tourism, surveillance, governance, and policy. The thematic issue emphasizes the importance of envisioning alternative futures that resist technological rationalization and unethical exploitation of geospatial data, supporting more inclusive and human-centered mediatized places. This work contributes to ongoing debates in geomedia studies, highlighting the need for critical and interdisciplinary approaches to understand and shape our technological future.

Abstract Objective Racial and ethnic disparities in arthroplasty utilization are evident, but the reasons are not known. We aimed to identify concerns that may contribute to barriers to arthroplasty from the patient’s perspective. Methods We identified patients’ concerns about arthroplasty by performing a mixed methods study. Themes identified during semi-structured interviews with Black and Hispanic patients with advanced symptomatic hip or knee arthritis were used to develop a questionnaire to quantify and prioritize their concerns. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between race/ethnicity and the importance of each theme. Models were adjusted for sex, insurance, education, HOOS, JR/KOOS, JR, and discussion of joint replacement with a doctor. Results Interviews with eight participants reached saturation and provided five themes used to develop a survey answered by 738 (24%) participants; 75.5% White, 10.3% Black, 8.7% Hispanic, 3.9% Asian/Other. Responses were significantly different between groups (p

This study explores the visual representation of Great Yarmouth, a British coastal town caught between the urban and the rural, as seen through the quasi-monopolistic image search engine Google Images. The research examines levels of pluralistic or biased place representations to consider how rankings employed by Google Images algorithms represent Great Yarmouth’s identity. The study adopts a visual culture perspective that recognises the role of images in place making and combines digital methods with an image type analysis to investigate how online representations reflect and create the town’s identities. The data shows that Google Images’ preference for representing Yarmouth as a sunny seaside town indicates that the search engine prioritises marketable assets above its connections with its hinterland, its diversity of people, and the cultural activities it has to offer. This, the authors state, is a place far away from Tuan’s (1979) idea of a place that is given meaning and identity from the perspective of people. Instead, Google Images’ representations of Great Yarmouth are an example of a created form of place making as commodification. The article concludes that the inscribed bias and unbalanced search priority criteria employed by the search engine impact upon the diversity of the semi-peripheral town.

Revision surgery is paramount to cure chronic prosthetic joint infections because these infections are associated with biofilms on prosthetics that conventional antibiotics cannot eradicate. However, there is a paucity of research on where in vivo biofilms are located on infected prosthetics. Consequently, the objective of this pilot study was to address this gap in knowledge by staining 5 chronically infected prosthetics, that were removed at the time of revision surgery, with methylene blue. Scanning electron microscopic images were then taken of the methylene blue–stained areas to visualize biofilms. The findings show that all chronically infected prosthetics had biofilms located on the bone–prosthetic interface, yet only 2 had biofilms also located on the prosthetic interface exposed to synovial fluid. Subsequently, this pilot study provides a pathophysiological understanding of why the current treatment paradigm for chronic periprosthetic joint infection requires a revision surgery and not debridement and an implant retention surgery.

Due to limitations in current motion tracking technologies and increasing interest in alternative sensors for motion tracking both inside and outside the MRI system, in this study we share our preliminary experience with three alternative sensors utilizing diverse technologies and interactions with tissue to monitor motion of the body surface, respiratory-related motion of major organs, and non-respiratory motion of deep-seated organs. These consist of (1) a Pilot-Tone RF transmitter combined with deep learning algorithms for tracking liver motion, (2) a single-channel ultrasound transducer with deep learning for monitoring bladder motion, and (3) a 3D Time-of-Flight camera for observing the motion of the anterior torso surface. Additionally, we demonstrate the capability of these sensors to simultaneously capture motion data outside the MRI environment, which is particularly relevant for procedures like radiation therapy, where motion status could be related to previously characterized cyclical anatomical data. Our findings indicate that the ultrasound sensor can track motion in deep-seated organs (bladder) as well as respiratory-related motion. The Time-of-Flight camera offers ease of interpretation and performs well in detecting surface motion (respiration). The Pilot-Tone demonstrates efficacy in tracking bulk respiratory motion and motion of major organs (liver). Simultaneous use of all three sensors could provide complementary motion information outside the MRI bore, providing potential value for motion tracking during position-sensitive treatments such as radiation therapy.

Purpose: To investigate the in vitro anti-skin-aging properties of Cratoxylum formosumextract and encapsulate this plant extract in nanostructured lipid carriers (CFE-NLCs) fordermal application.Methods: The biological properties of the plant extract, including enhanced procollagen typeI synthesis and anti-matrix metalloproteinase activity, were evaluated to assess its cosmeticbenefits. An artificial neural network (ANN) coupled with K-fold cross-validation was appliedto investigate the effects of the formulants and optimize the CFE-NLCs. The physicochemicalproperties, percutaneous absorption, and irritation potential of the CFE-NLCs were analyzed.Results: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that CFE contained5-O-caffeoylquinic acid as the vital constituent. Appropriate skin-care properties were alsodemonstrated with respect to enhanced type I procollagen synthesis and the inhibition of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 in primary human dermal fibroblasts. The optimal CFE-NLCs exhibitedbetter skin absorption and biocompatibility and lower irritation potential than the free botanicalextract solution.Conclusion: The findings obtained highlight CFE-NLCs as promising skin-care ingredients.

We construct a spectral sequence converging to the Lubin–Tate theory, that is, Morava E$E$‐theory, of unordered configuration spaces and identify its E2${\mathrm{E}^2}$‐page as the homology of a Chevalley–Eilenberg‐like complex for Hecke Lie algebras. Based on this, we compute the E$E$‐theory of the weight p$p$ summands of iterated loop spaces of spheres (parametrising the weight p$p$ operations on En$\mathbb {E}_n$‐algebras), as well as the E$E$‐theory of the configuration spaces of p$p$ points on a punctured surface. We read off the corresponding Morava K$K$‐theory groups, which appear in a conjecture by Ravenel. Finally, we compute the Fp$\mathbb {F}_p$‐homology of the space of unordered configurations of p$p$ particles on a punctured surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Patients and Methods Results Conclusion To improve precision of secondary resection (SR) after positive surgical margin (PSM) detection by frozen section (FS) during nerve‐sparing (NS) robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by employing a personalised three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed prostate model derived from pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This model was used to mark positive surgical margins (PSM) and guide intraoperative SR during NS‐RARP.Prospective multicentre cohort study with 100 patients undergoing NS‐RARP between September 2018 and August 2021. Primary and secondary endpoints were the conversion rate of FS‐identified PSM to a tumour‐free margin and functional/oncological parameters within a 12‐month follow‐up, respectively.A PSM was identified in 23% of cases during FS, with a conversion to negative surgical margins (NSM) in 83% (19/23 cases) by model‐guided SR. The tumour detection rate in SR specimens was 39% (nine of 23 cases). Among the 19 patients with converted margins, 18 (95%) achieved undetectable prostate‐specific antigen levels 2 months postoperatively, with six (32%) having subsequent biochemical recurrence within 12 months. prostate‐specific‐membrane‐antigen positron emission tomography computed tomography found one local recurrence, and five cases of metastatic disease. In converted patients, the baseline median five‐item version of the International Index of Erectile Function score decreased by 16% after 1 year, with no significant difference compared to patients with primarily NSM. Limitations include the absence of a control group, the potential for false‐negative FS results and limited accuracy of MRI.The integration of 3D‐printed prostate models into NS‐RARP has the potential to positively impact surgical outcomes by improving the precision of SR and optimising pathosurgical communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Images have become a key vehicle for communicating climate change, especially in a visually oriented social media ecosystem. However, few studies have examined the ways in which climate change is visually communicated on those platforms. This study addresses that gap by examining more than 2 million images appearing alongside tweets containing #climatechange, identifying the types of images different stakeholders share and the amount of engagement those images elicit. It highlights differences in the image types that are published frequently (e.g., textual visualizations), the image types that users prefer to engage with (e.g., protest images), and the impact of bots and a cyclical communication pattern keyed to focusing events. These findings are then evaluated through a conceptual framework of media logics, which helps highlight some of the distinctions between (news) media logic and social media logic—and their emerging hybridization—within the context of climate change communication.

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling transduces immunosuppressive biochemical and mechanical signals in the tumor microenvironment. In addition to canonical SMAD transcription factor signaling, TGF-β can promote tumor growth and survival by inhibiting proinflammatory signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In this article, we review how TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activation lies at the intersection of proinflammatory signaling by immune receptors and anti-inflammatory signaling by TGF-β receptors. Additionally, we discuss the role of TGF-β in the mechanobiology of cancer. Understanding how TGF-β dampens proinflammatory responses and induces pro-survival mechanical signals throughout cancer development is critical for designing therapeutics that inhibit tumor progression while bolstering the immune response.