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1. Non-Equilibrium Pathways for Excitation of Bulk and Surface Phonons through Anharmonic Coupling

Author

Brand, C., Tinnemann, V., Hanisch-Blicharski, A., Tajik, M., Fortmann, J. D., Kaßen, A., Thiemann, F., and Hoegen, M. Horn-von

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Upon impulsive optical excitation of solid-state materials, the non-equilibrium flow of energy from the excited electronic system to the lattice degrees of freedom typically happens in a few picoseconds. Here we identified the surface of thin Bi films grown on Si(001) as an additional subsystem which is excited much slower on a 100 ps timescale that is caused by decoupling due to mismatched phonon dispersions relations of bulk and surface. Anharmonic coupling among the phonon systems provides pathways for excitations which exhibits a 1/T-dependence causing a speed-up of surface excitation at higher temperatures. A quantitative justification is provided by phonon Umklapp processes from lattice thermal conductivity of the Bi bulk. Three-temperature model simulations reveal a pronounced non-equilibrium situation up to nanoseconds: initially, the surface is colder than the bulk, that situation is then inverted during cooling and the surface feeds energy back into the bulk phonon system.

Published
2023

6. Simultaneous measurement of organic scintillator response to carbon and proton recoils

Author

Laplace, T. A., Goldblum, B. L., Manfredi, J. J., Brown, J. A., Bleuel, D. L., Brand, C. A., Gabella, G., Gordon, J., and Brubaker, E.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Background: Organic scintillators are widely used for neutron detection in both basic nuclear physics and applications. While the proton light yield of organic scintillators has been extensively studied, measurements of the light yield from neutron interactions with carbon nuclei are scarce. Purpose: Demonstrate a new approach for the simultaneous measurement of the proton and carbon light yield of organic scintillators. Provide new carbon light yield data for the EJ-309 liquid and EJ-204 plastic organic scintillators. Method: A 33~MeV $^{2}$H$^{+}$ beam from the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was impinged upon a 3-mm-thick Be target to produce a high-flux, broad-spectrum neutron beam. The double time-of-flight technique was extended to simultaneously measure the proton and carbon light yield of the organic scintillators, wherein the light output associated with the recoil particle was determined using $np$ and $n$C elastic scattering kinematics. Results: The proton and carbon light yield relations of the EJ-309 liquid and EJ-204 plastic organic scintillators were measured over a recoil energy range of approximately 0.3 to 1~MeV and 2 to 5~MeV, respectively for EJ-309, and 0.2 to 0.5~MeV and 1 to 4~MeV, respectively for EJ-204. Conclusions: These data provide new insight into the ionization quenching effect in organic scintillators and key input for simulation of the response of organic scintillators for both basic science and a broad range of applications., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021
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7. De patiënt met neurologische uitvalsverschijnselen

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Spoor, J. K. H., Haitsma, I. K. L. M., Tak, L. M., Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Kooij, F.O., editor, Motz, C., editor, Verdonschot, R.J.C.G., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2023
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8. De patiënt met een verminderd bewustzijn

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Bisseling, T. M., Kaasjager, H. A. H., Voets, P. J. G. M., Alsma, J., Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Kooij, F.O., editor, Motz, C., editor, Verdonschot, R.J.C.G., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2023
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9. De patiënt met insulten

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Kooij, F.O., editor, Motz, C., editor, Verdonschot, R.J.C.G., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2023
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10. De patiënt met een trauma capitis

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Spoor, J. K. H., Haitsma, I. K., Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Kooij, F.O., editor, Motz, C., editor, Verdonschot, R.J.C.G., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2023
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11. De patiënt met hoofdpijn

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Spoor, J. K. H., Haitsma, I. K., Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Kooij, F.O., editor, Motz, C., editor, Verdonschot, R.J.C.G., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2023
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12. Low Energy Light Yield of Fast Plastic Scintillators

Author

Laplace, T. A., Goldblum, B. L., Brown, J. A., Bleuel, D. L., Brand, C. A., Gabella, G., Jordan, T., Moore, C., Munshi, N., Sweger, Z. W., Ureche, A., and Brubaker, E.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Compact neutron imagers using double-scatter kinematic reconstruction are being designed for localization and characterization of special nuclear material. These neutron imaging systems rely on scintillators with a rapid prompt temporal response as the detection medium. As n-p elastic scattering is the primary mechanism for light generation by fast neutron interactions in organic scintillators, proton light yield data are needed for accurate assessment of scintillator performance. The proton light yield of a series of commercial fast plastic organic scintillators---EJ-200, EJ-204, and EJ-208---was measured via a double time-of-flight technique at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Using a tunable deuteron breakup neutron source, target scintillators housed in a dual photomultiplier tube configuration, and an array of pulse-shape-discriminating observation scintillators, the fast plastic scintillator light yield was measured over a broad and continuous energy range down to proton recoil energies of approximately 50 keV. This work provides key input to event reconstruction algorithms required for utilization of these materials in emerging neutron imaging modalities., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures

Published
2020
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13. Thermally-induced crossover from 2D to 1D behavior in an array of atomic wires: silicon dangling-bond solitons in Si(553)-Au

Author

Hafke, B., Brand, C., Witte, T., Sothmann, B., Hoegen, M. Horn-von, and Erwin, S. C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The self-assembly of submonolayer amounts of Au on the densely stepped Si(553) surface creates an array of closely spaced \atomic wires" separated by 1.5 nm. At low temperature, charge transfer between the terraces and the row of silicon dangling bonds at the step edges leads to a charge-ordered state within the row of dangling bonds with x3 periodicity. Interactions between the dangling bonds lead to their ordering into a fully two-dimensional (2D) array with centered registry between adjacent steps. We show that as the temperature is raised, soliton defects are created within each step edge. The concentration of solitons rises with increasing temperature and eventually destroys the 2D order by decoupling the step edges, reducing the effective dimensionality of the system to 1D. This crossover from higher to lower dimensionality is unexpected and, indeed, opposite to the behavior in other systems.

Published
2019
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17. Predictors and outcomes in primary depression care (POKAL) – a research training group develops an innovative approach to collaborative care

Author

Gensichen, J, Lukaschek, K, Jung-Sievers, C, Falkai, P, Schmitt, A, Henningsen, P, Dreischulte, T, Pitschel-Walz, G, Krcmar, H, Böhm, M, Prommegger, B, Linde, K, Drescher, A, Schönweger, P, Haas, C, Brand, C, Younesi, P, Vukas, J, Brisnik, V, Schillok, H, Raub, J, Kaupe, L, Biersack, K, Gökce, F, Eder, J, Hattenkofer, L, Reindl-Spanner, Ph, von Schrottenberg, V, Teusen, C, Sterner, Ph, Bühner, M, and Schneider, A

Published
2022
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20. Critical behavior of the dimerized Si(001) surface: Continuous order-disorder phase transition in the two-dimensional Ising universality class

Author

(0000-0002-2984-4456) Brand, C., (0000-0002-9276-0159) Hucht, A., (0000-0001-7911-3320) Mehdipour, H., (0000-0003-0954-8614) Jnawali, G., (0000-0001-9887-5638) Fortmann, J. D., Tajik, M., Hild, R., (0000-0001-9696-9446) Sothmann, B., (0000-0001-5947-1366) Kratzer, P., Schützhold, R., (0000-0003-0324-3457) Horn-Von Hoegen, M., (0000-0002-2984-4456) Brand, C., (0000-0002-9276-0159) Hucht, A., (0000-0001-7911-3320) Mehdipour, H., (0000-0003-0954-8614) Jnawali, G., (0000-0001-9887-5638) Fortmann, J. D., Tajik, M., Hild, R., (0000-0001-9696-9446) Sothmann, B., (0000-0001-5947-1366) Kratzer, P., Schützhold, R., and (0000-0003-0324-3457) Horn-Von Hoegen, M.

Abstract

The critical behavior of the order-disorder phase transition in the buckled dimer structure of the Si(001) surface is investigated both theoretically by means of first-principles calculations and experimentally by spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED). We use density functional theory (DFT) with three different functionals commonly used for Si to determine the coupling constants of an effective lattice Hamiltonian describing the dimer interactions. Experimentally, the phase transition from the low-temperature c(4×2)- to the high-temperature p(2×1)-reconstructed surface is followed through the intensity and width of the superstructure spots within the temperature range 78–400K. Near the critical temperature Tc = 190.6K, we observe universal critical behavior of spot intensities and correlation lengths, which falls into the universality class of the two-dimensional (2D) Ising model. From the ratio of correlation lengths along and across the dimer rows we determine effective nearest-neighbor couplings of an anisotropic 2D Ising model, J = (−24.9 ± 0.9stat ± 1.3sys )meV and J⊥ = (−0.8 ± 0.1stat )meV.We find that the experimentally determined coupling constants of the Ising model can be reconciled with those of the more complex lattice Hamiltonian from DFT when the critical behavior is of primary interest. The anisotropy of the interactions derived from the experimental data via the 2D Ising model is best matched by DFT calculations using the PBEsol functional. The trends in the calculated anisotropy are consistent with the surface stress anisotropy predicted by the DFT functionals, pointing towards the role of surface stress reduction as a driving force for establishing the c(4×2)-reconstructed ground state.

Published
2024

21. Observation of correlated spin-orbit order in a strongly anisotropic quantum wire system

Author

Brand, C., Pfnür, H., Landolt, G., Muff, S., Dil, J. H., Das, Tanmoy, and Tegenkamp, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Quantum wires with spin-orbit coupling provide a unique opportunity to simultaneously control the coupling strength and the screened Coulomb interactions where new exotic phases of matter can be explored. Here we report on the observation of an exotic spin-orbit density wave in Pb-atomic wires on Si(557) surfaces by mapping out the evolution of the modulated spin-texture at various conditions with spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. The results are independently quantified by surface transport measurements. The spin polarization, coherence length, spin dephasing rate, and the associated quasiparticle gap decrease simultaneously as the screened Coulomb interaction decreases with increasing excess coverage, providing a new mechanism for generating and manipulating a spin-orbit entanglement effect via electronic interaction. Despite clear evidence of spontaneous spin-rotation symmetry breaking and modulation of spin-momentum structure as a function of excess coverage, the average spin-polarization over the Brillouin zone vanishes, indicating that time-reversal symmetry is intact as theoretically predicted.

Published
2015
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23. Prognostic relevance of gait-related cognitive functions for dementia conversion in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Author

Tuena, C, Maestri, S, Serino, S, Pedroli, E, Stramba-Badiale, M, Riva, G, Silbert, L, Lind, B, Crissey, R, Kaye, J, Carter, R, Dolen, S, Quinn, J, Schneider, L, Pawluczyk, S, Becerra, M, Teodoro, L, Dagerman, K, Spann, B, Brewer, J, Fleisher, A, Vanderswag, H, Ziolkowski, J, Heidebrink, J, Zbizek-Nulph, L, Lord, J, Albers, C, Petersen, R, Mason, S, Knopman, D, Johnson, K, Villanueva-Meyer, J, Pavlik, V, Pacini, N, Lamb, A, Kass, J, Doody, R, Shibley, V, Chowdhury, M, Rountree, S, Dang, M, Stern, Y, Honig, L, Mintz, A, Ances, B, Morris, J, Winkfield, D, Carroll, M, Stobbs-Cucchi, G, Oliver, A, Creech, M, Mintun, M, Schneider, S, Geldmacher, D, Love, M, Griffith, R, Clark, D, Brockington, J, Marson, D, Grossman, H, Goldstein, M, Greenberg, J, Mitsis, E, Shah, R, Lamar, M, Samuels, P, Duara, R, Greig-Custo, M, Rodriguez, R, Albert, M, Onyike, C, Farrington, L, Rudow, S, Brichko, R, Kielb, S, Smith, A, Raj, B, Fargher, K, Sadowski, M, Wisniewski, T, Shulman, M, Faustin, A, Rao, J, Castro, K, Ulysse, A, Chen, S, Doraiswamy, P, Petrella, J, James, O, Wong, T, Borges-Neto, S, Karlawish, J, Wolk, D, Vaishnavi, S, Clark, C, Arnold, S, Smith, C, Jicha, G, Khouli, R, Raslau, F, Lopez, O, Oakley, M, Simpson, D, Porsteinsson, A, Martin, K, Kowalski, N, Keltz, M, Goldstein, B, Makino, K, Ismail, M, Brand, C, Thai, G, Pierce, A, Yanez, B, Sosa, E, Witbracht, M, Kelley, B, Nguyen, T, Womack, K, Mathews, D, Quiceno, M, Levey, A, Lah, J, Hajjar, I, Burns, J, Swerdlow, R, Brooks, W, Silverman, D, Kremen, S, Apostolova, L, Tingus, K, Lu, P, Bartzokis, G, Woo, E, Teng, E, Graff-Radford, N, Parfitt, F, Poki-Walker, K, Farlow, M, Hake, A, Matthews, B, Brosch, J, Herring, S, van Dyck, C, Mecca, A, Good, S, Macavoy, M, Carson, R, Varma, P, Chertkow, H, Vaitekunas, S, Hosein, C, Black, S, Stefanovic, B, Heyn, C, Hsiung, G, Kim, E, Mudge, B, Sossi, V, Feldman, H, Assaly, M, Finger, E, Pasternak, S, Rachinsky, I, Kertesz, A, Drost, D, Rogers, J, Grant, I, Muse, B, Rogalski, E, Robson, J, Mesulam, M, Kerwin, D, Wu, C, Johnson, N, Lipowski, K, Weintraub, S, Bonakdarpour, B, Pomara, N, Hernando, R, Sarrael, A, Rosen, H, Miller, B, Weiner, M, Perry, D, Turner, R, Reynolds, B, Mccann, K, Poe, J, Marshall, G, Sperling, R, Yesavage, J, Taylor, J, Chao, S, Coleman, J, White, J, Lane, B, Rosen, A, Tinklenberg, J, Belden, C, Atri, A, Clark, K, Zamrini, E, Sabbagh, M, Killiany, R, Stern, R, Mez, J, Kowall, N, Budson, A, Obisesan, T, Ntekim, O, Wolday, S, Khan, J, Nwulia, E, Nadarajah, S, Lerner, A, Ogrocki, P, Tatsuoka, C, Fatica, P, Fletcher, E, Maillard, P, Olichney, J, Decarli, C, Carmichael, O, Bates, V, Capote, H, Rainka, M, Borrie, M, Lee, T, Bartha, R, Johnson, S, Asthana, S, Carlsson, C, Perrin, A, Burke, A, Scharre, D, Kataki, M, Tarawneh, R, Hart, D, Zimmerman, E, Celmins, D, Miller, D, Ponto, L, Smith, K, Koleva, H, Shim, H, Nam, K, Schultz, S, Williamson, J, Craft, S, Cleveland, J, Yang, M, Sink, K, Ott, B, Drake, J, Tremont, G, Daiello, L, Ritter, A, Bernick, C, Munic, D, O'Connelll, A, Mintzer, J, Wiliams, A, Masdeu, J, Shi, J, Garcia, A, Newhouse, P, Potkin, S, Salloway, S, Malloy, P, Correia, S, Kittur, S, Pearlson, G, Blank, K, Anderson, K, Flashman, L, Seltzer, M, Hynes, M, Santulli, R, Relkin, N, Chiang, G, Lee, A, Lin, M, Ravdin, L, Tuena C., Maestri S., Serino S., Pedroli E., Stramba-Badiale M., Riva G., Silbert L. C., Lind B., Crissey R., Kaye J. A., Carter R., Dolen S., Quinn J., Schneider L. S., Pawluczyk S., Becerra M., Teodoro L., Dagerman K., Spann B. M., Brewer J., Fleisher A., Vanderswag H., Ziolkowski J., Heidebrink J. L., Zbizek-Nulph L., Lord J. L., Albers C. S., Petersen R., Mason S. S., Knopman D., Johnson K., Villanueva-Meyer J., Pavlik V., Pacini N., Lamb A., Kass J. S., Doody R. S., Shibley V., Chowdhury M., Rountree S., Dang M., Stern Y., Honig L. S., Mintz A., Ances B., Morris J. C., Winkfield D., Carroll M., Stobbs-Cucchi G., Oliver A., Creech M. L., Mintun M. A., Schneider S., Geldmacher D., Love M. N., Griffith R., Clark D., Brockington J., Marson D., Grossman H., Goldstein M. A., Greenberg J., Mitsis E., Shah R. C., Lamar M., Samuels P., Duara R., Greig-Custo M. T., Rodriguez R., Albert M., Onyike C., Farrington L., Rudow S., Brichko R., Kielb S., Smith A., Raj B. A., Fargher K., Sadowski M., Wisniewski T., Shulman M., Faustin A., Rao J., Castro K. M., Ulysse A., Chen S., Doraiswamy P. M., Petrella J. R., James O., Wong T. Z., Borges-Neto S., Karlawish J. H., Wolk D. A., Vaishnavi S., Clark C. M., Arnold S. E., Smith C. D., Jicha G. A., Khouli R. E., Raslau F. D., Lopez O. L., Oakley M. A., Simpson D. M., Porsteinsson A. P., Martin K., Kowalski N., Keltz M., Goldstein B. S., Makino K. M., Ismail M. S., Brand C., Thai G., Pierce A., Yanez B., Sosa E., Witbracht M., Kelley B., Nguyen T., Womack K., Mathews D., Quiceno M., Levey A. I., Lah J. J., Hajjar I., Burns J. M., Swerdlow R. H., Brooks W. M., Silverman D. H. S., Kremen S., Apostolova L., Tingus K., Lu P. H., Bartzokis G., Woo E., Teng E., Graff-Radford N. R., Parfitt F., Poki-Walker K., Farlow M. R., Hake A. M., Matthews B. R., Brosch J. R., Herring S., van Dyck C. H., Mecca A. P., Good S. P., MacAvoy M. G., Carson R. E., Varma P., Chertkow H., Vaitekunas S., Hosein C., Black S., Stefanovic B., Heyn C., Hsiung G. -Y. R., Kim E., Mudge B., Sossi V., Feldman H., Assaly M., Finger E., Pasternak S., Rachinsky I., Kertesz A., Drost D., Rogers J., Grant I., Muse B., Rogalski E., Robson J., Mesulam M. -M., Kerwin D., Wu C. -K., Johnson N., Lipowski K., Weintraub S., Bonakdarpour B., Pomara N., Hernando R., Sarrael A., Rosen H. J., Miller B. L., Weiner M. W., Perry D., Turner R. S., Reynolds B., MCCann K., Poe J., Marshall G. A., Sperling R. A., Johnson K. A., Yesavage J., Taylor J. L., Chao S., Coleman J., White J. D., Lane B., Rosen A., Tinklenberg J., Belden C. M., Atri A., Clark K. A., Zamrini E., Sabbagh M., Killiany R., Stern R., Mez J., Kowall N., Budson A. E., Obisesan T. O., Ntekim O. E., Wolday S., Khan J. I., Nwulia E., Nadarajah S., Lerner A., Ogrocki P., Tatsuoka C., Fatica P., Fletcher E., Maillard P., Olichney J., DeCarli C., Carmichael O., Bates V., Capote H., Rainka M., Borrie M., Lee T. -Y., Bartha R., Johnson S., Asthana S., Carlsson C. M., Perrin A., Burke A., Scharre D. W., Kataki M., Tarawneh R., Hart D., Zimmerman E. A., Celmins D., Miller D. D., Ponto L. L. B., Smith K. E., Koleva H., Shim H., Nam K. W., Schultz S. K., Williamson J. D., Craft S., Cleveland J., Yang M., Sink K. M., Ott B. R., Drake J., Tremont G., Daiello L. A., Drake J. D., Ritter A., Bernick C., Munic D., O'Connelll A., Mintzer J., Wiliams A., Masdeu J., Shi J., Garcia A., Newhouse P., Potkin S., Salloway S., Malloy P., Correia S., Kittur S., Pearlson G. D., Blank K., Anderson K., Flashman L. A., Seltzer M., Hynes M. L., Santulli R. B., Relkin N., Chiang G., Lee A., Lin M., Ravdin L., Tuena, C, Maestri, S, Serino, S, Pedroli, E, Stramba-Badiale, M, Riva, G, Silbert, L, Lind, B, Crissey, R, Kaye, J, Carter, R, Dolen, S, Quinn, J, Schneider, L, Pawluczyk, S, Becerra, M, Teodoro, L, Dagerman, K, Spann, B, Brewer, J, Fleisher, A, Vanderswag, H, Ziolkowski, J, Heidebrink, J, Zbizek-Nulph, L, Lord, J, Albers, C, Petersen, R, Mason, S, Knopman, D, Johnson, K, Villanueva-Meyer, J, Pavlik, V, Pacini, N, Lamb, A, Kass, J, Doody, R, Shibley, V, Chowdhury, M, Rountree, S, Dang, M, Stern, Y, Honig, L, Mintz, A, Ances, B, Morris, J, Winkfield, D, Carroll, M, Stobbs-Cucchi, G, Oliver, A, Creech, M, Mintun, M, Schneider, S, Geldmacher, D, Love, M, Griffith, R, Clark, D, Brockington, J, Marson, D, Grossman, H, Goldstein, M, Greenberg, J, Mitsis, E, Shah, R, Lamar, M, Samuels, P, Duara, R, Greig-Custo, M, Rodriguez, R, Albert, M, Onyike, C, Farrington, L, Rudow, S, Brichko, R, Kielb, S, Smith, A, Raj, B, Fargher, K, Sadowski, M, Wisniewski, T, Shulman, M, Faustin, A, Rao, J, Castro, K, Ulysse, A, Chen, S, Doraiswamy, P, Petrella, J, James, O, Wong, T, Borges-Neto, S, Karlawish, J, Wolk, D, Vaishnavi, S, Clark, C, Arnold, S, Smith, C, Jicha, G, Khouli, R, Raslau, F, Lopez, O, Oakley, M, Simpson, D, Porsteinsson, A, Martin, K, Kowalski, N, Keltz, M, Goldstein, B, Makino, K, Ismail, M, Brand, C, Thai, G, Pierce, A, Yanez, B, Sosa, E, Witbracht, M, Kelley, B, Nguyen, T, Womack, K, Mathews, D, Quiceno, M, Levey, A, Lah, J, Hajjar, I, Burns, J, Swerdlow, R, Brooks, W, Silverman, D, Kremen, S, Apostolova, L, Tingus, K, Lu, P, Bartzokis, G, Woo, E, Teng, E, Graff-Radford, N, Parfitt, F, Poki-Walker, K, Farlow, M, Hake, A, Matthews, B, Brosch, J, Herring, S, van Dyck, C, Mecca, A, Good, S, Macavoy, M, Carson, R, Varma, P, Chertkow, H, Vaitekunas, S, Hosein, C, Black, S, Stefanovic, B, Heyn, C, Hsiung, G, Kim, E, Mudge, B, Sossi, V, Feldman, H, Assaly, M, Finger, E, Pasternak, S, Rachinsky, I, Kertesz, A, Drost, D, Rogers, J, Grant, I, Muse, B, Rogalski, E, Robson, J, Mesulam, M, Kerwin, D, Wu, C, Johnson, N, Lipowski, K, Weintraub, S, Bonakdarpour, B, Pomara, N, Hernando, R, Sarrael, A, Rosen, H, Miller, B, Weiner, M, Perry, D, Turner, R, Reynolds, B, Mccann, K, Poe, J, Marshall, G, Sperling, R, Yesavage, J, Taylor, J, Chao, S, Coleman, J, White, J, Lane, B, Rosen, A, Tinklenberg, J, Belden, C, Atri, A, Clark, K, Zamrini, E, Sabbagh, M, Killiany, R, Stern, R, Mez, J, Kowall, N, Budson, A, Obisesan, T, Ntekim, O, Wolday, S, Khan, J, Nwulia, E, Nadarajah, S, Lerner, A, Ogrocki, P, Tatsuoka, C, Fatica, P, Fletcher, E, Maillard, P, Olichney, J, Decarli, C, Carmichael, O, Bates, V, Capote, H, Rainka, M, Borrie, M, Lee, T, Bartha, R, Johnson, S, Asthana, S, Carlsson, C, Perrin, A, Burke, A, Scharre, D, Kataki, M, Tarawneh, R, Hart, D, Zimmerman, E, Celmins, D, Miller, D, Ponto, L, Smith, K, Koleva, H, Shim, H, Nam, K, Schultz, S, Williamson, J, Craft, S, Cleveland, J, Yang, M, Sink, K, Ott, B, Drake, J, Tremont, G, Daiello, L, Ritter, A, Bernick, C, Munic, D, O'Connelll, A, Mintzer, J, Wiliams, A, Masdeu, J, Shi, J, Garcia, A, Newhouse, P, Potkin, S, Salloway, S, Malloy, P, Correia, S, Kittur, S, Pearlson, G, Blank, K, Anderson, K, Flashman, L, Seltzer, M, Hynes, M, Santulli, R, Relkin, N, Chiang, G, Lee, A, Lin, M, Ravdin, L, Tuena C., Maestri S., Serino S., Pedroli E., Stramba-Badiale M., Riva G., Silbert L. C., Lind B., Crissey R., Kaye J. A., Carter R., Dolen S., Quinn J., Schneider L. S., Pawluczyk S., Becerra M., Teodoro L., Dagerman K., Spann B. M., Brewer J., Fleisher A., Vanderswag H., Ziolkowski J., Heidebrink J. L., Zbizek-Nulph L., Lord J. L., Albers C. S., Petersen R., Mason S. S., Knopman D., Johnson K., Villanueva-Meyer J., Pavlik V., Pacini N., Lamb A., Kass J. S., Doody R. S., Shibley V., Chowdhury M., Rountree S., Dang M., Stern Y., Honig L. S., Mintz A., Ances B., Morris J. C., Winkfield D., Carroll M., Stobbs-Cucchi G., Oliver A., Creech M. L., Mintun M. A., Schneider S., Geldmacher D., Love M. N., Griffith R., Clark D., Brockington J., Marson D., Grossman H., Goldstein M. A., Greenberg J., Mitsis E., Shah R. C., Lamar M., Samuels P., Duara R., Greig-Custo M. T., Rodriguez R., Albert M., Onyike C., Farrington L., Rudow S., Brichko R., Kielb S., Smith A., Raj B. A., Fargher K., Sadowski M., Wisniewski T., Shulman M., Faustin A., Rao J., Castro K. M., Ulysse A., Chen S., Doraiswamy P. M., Petrella J. R., James O., Wong T. Z., Borges-Neto S., Karlawish J. H., Wolk D. A., Vaishnavi S., Clark C. M., Arnold S. E., Smith C. D., Jicha G. A., Khouli R. E., Raslau F. D., Lopez O. L., Oakley M. A., Simpson D. M., Porsteinsson A. P., Martin K., Kowalski N., Keltz M., Goldstein B. S., Makino K. M., Ismail M. S., Brand C., Thai G., Pierce A., Yanez B., Sosa E., Witbracht M., Kelley B., Nguyen T., Womack K., Mathews D., Quiceno M., Levey A. I., Lah J. J., Hajjar I., Burns J. M., Swerdlow R. H., Brooks W. M., Silverman D. H. S., Kremen S., Apostolova L., Tingus K., Lu P. H., Bartzokis G., Woo E., Teng E., Graff-Radford N. R., Parfitt F., Poki-Walker K., Farlow M. R., Hake A. M., Matthews B. R., Brosch J. R., Herring S., van Dyck C. H., Mecca A. P., Good S. P., MacAvoy M. G., Carson R. E., Varma P., Chertkow H., Vaitekunas S., Hosein C., Black S., Stefanovic B., Heyn C., Hsiung G. -Y. R., Kim E., Mudge B., Sossi V., Feldman H., Assaly M., Finger E., Pasternak S., Rachinsky I., Kertesz A., Drost D., Rogers J., Grant I., Muse B., Rogalski E., Robson J., Mesulam M. -M., Kerwin D., Wu C. -K., Johnson N., Lipowski K., Weintraub S., Bonakdarpour B., Pomara N., Hernando R., Sarrael A., Rosen H. J., Miller B. L., Weiner M. W., Perry D., Turner R. S., Reynolds B., MCCann K., Poe J., Marshall G. A., Sperling R. A., Johnson K. A., Yesavage J., Taylor J. L., Chao S., Coleman J., White J. D., Lane B., Rosen A., Tinklenberg J., Belden C. M., Atri A., Clark K. A., Zamrini E., Sabbagh M., Killiany R., Stern R., Mez J., Kowall N., Budson A. E., Obisesan T. O., Ntekim O. E., Wolday S., Khan J. I., Nwulia E., Nadarajah S., Lerner A., Ogrocki P., Tatsuoka C., Fatica P., Fletcher E., Maillard P., Olichney J., DeCarli C., Carmichael O., Bates V., Capote H., Rainka M., Borrie M., Lee T. -Y., Bartha R., Johnson S., Asthana S., Carlsson C. M., Perrin A., Burke A., Scharre D. W., Kataki M., Tarawneh R., Hart D., Zimmerman E. A., Celmins D., Miller D. D., Ponto L. L. B., Smith K. E., Koleva H., Shim H., Nam K. W., Schultz S. K., Williamson J. D., Craft S., Cleveland J., Yang M., Sink K. M., Ott B. R., Drake J., Tremont G., Daiello L. A., Drake J. D., Ritter A., Bernick C., Munic D., O'Connelll A., Mintzer J., Wiliams A., Masdeu J., Shi J., Garcia A., Newhouse P., Potkin S., Salloway S., Malloy P., Correia S., Kittur S., Pearlson G. D., Blank K., Anderson K., Flashman L. A., Seltzer M., Hynes M. L., Santulli R. B., Relkin N., Chiang G., Lee A., Lin M., and Ravdin L.

Abstract

Background: Increasing research suggests that gait abnormalities can be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Notably, there is growing evidence highlighting this risk factor in individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), however further studies are needed. The aim of this study is to analyze cognitive tests results and brain-related measures over time in aMCI and examine how the presence of gait abnormalities (neurological or orthopedic) or normal gait affects these trends. Additionally, we sought to assess the significance of gait and gait-related measures as prognostic indicators for the progression from aMCI to AD dementia, comparing those who converted to AD with those who remained with a stable aMCI diagnosis during the follow-up. Methods: Four hundred two individuals with aMCI from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were included. Robust linear mixed-effects models were used to study the impact of gait abnormalities on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery over 36 months while controlling for relevant medical variables at baseline. The impact of gait on brain measures was also investigated. Lastly, the Cox proportional-hazards model was used to explore the prognostic relevance of abnormal gait and neuropsychological associated tests. Results: While controlling for relevant covariates, we found that gait abnormalities led to a greater decline over time in attention (DSST) and global cognition (MMSE). Intriguingly, psychomotor speed (TMT-A) and divided attention (TMT-B) declined uniquely in the abnormal gait group. Conversely, specific AD global cognition tests (ADAS-13) and auditory-verbal memory (RAVLT immediate recall) declined over time independently of gait profile. All the other cognitive tests were not significantly affected by time or by gait profile. In addition, we found that ventricles size increased faster in the abnormal gait group compared to the normal gait group. In terms of prognosis, abno

Published
2023

25. Acute neurologische of neurochirurgische problemen

Author

van den Brand, C. L., Jellema, K., Spoor, J. K. H., Haitsma, I. K., van Vugt, A. B., van Vugt, A.B., editor, Gaakeer, M.I., editor, Henny, W., editor, Kaasjager, H.A.H., editor, Motz, C., editor, Tan, E.C.T.H., editor, and Wulterkens, Th.W., editor

Published
2018
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32. The global EPTO database:worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects

Author

Grigoropoulou, A. (Afroditi), Ab Hamid, S. (Suhaila), Acosta, R. (Raúl), Akindele, E. O. (Emmanuel Olusegun), Al-Shami, S. A. (Salman A.), Altermatt, F. (Florian), Amatulli, G. (Giuseppe), Angeler, D. G. (David G.), Arimoro, F. O. (Francis O.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Astorga-Roine, A. (Anna), Bastos, R. C. (Rafael Costa), Bonada, N. (Núria), Boukas, N. (Nikos), Brand, C. (Cecilia), Bremerich, V. (Vanessa), Bush, A. (Alex), Cai, Q. (Qinghua), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Chen, K. (Kai), Cruz, P. V. (Paulo Vilela), Dangles, O. (Olivier), Death, R. (Russell), Deng, X. (Xiling), Domínguez, E. (Eduardo), Dudgeon, D. (David), Eriksen, T. E. (Tor Erik), Faria, A. P. (Ana Paula J.), Feio, M. J. (Maria João), Fernández-Aláez, C. (Camino), Floury, M. (Mathieu), García-Criado, F. (Francisco), García-Girón, J. (Jorge), Graf, W. (Wolfram), Grönroos, M. (Mira), Haase, P. (Peter), Hamada, N. (Neusa), He, F. (Fengzhi), Heino, J. (Jani), Holzenthal, R. (Ralph), Huttunen, K.-L. (Kaisa-Leena), Jacobsen, D. (Dean), Jähnig, S. C. (Sonja C.), Jetz, W. (Walter), Johnson, R. K. (Richard K.), Juen, L. (Leandro), Kalkman, V. (Vincent), Kati, V. (Vassiliki), Keke, U. N. (Unique N.), Koroiva, R. (Ricardo), Kuemmerlen, M. (Mathias), Langhans, S. D. (Simone Daniela), Ligeiro, R. (Raphael), Van Looy, K. (Kris), Maasri, A. (Alain), Marchant, R. (Richard), Garcia Marquez, J. R. (Jaime Ricardo), Martins, R. T. (Renato T.), Melo, A. S. (Adriano S.), Metzeling, L. (Leon), Miserendino, M. L. (Maria Laura), Moe, S. J. (S. Jannicke), Molineri, C. (Carlos), Muotka, T. (Timo), Mustonen, K.-R. (Kaisa-Riikka), Mykrä, H. (Heikki), Cavalcante Do Nascimento, J. M. (Jeane Marcelle), Valente-Neto, F. (Francisco), Neu, P. J. (Peter J.), Nieto, C. (Carolina), Pauls, S. U. (Steffen U.), Paulson, D. R. (Dennis R.), Rios-Touma, B. (Blanca), Rodrigues, M. E. (Marciel Elio), de Oliveira Roque, F. (Fabio), Salazar Salina, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Schmera, D. (Dénes), Schmidt-Kloiber, A. (Astrid), Shah, D. N. (Deep Narayan), Simaika, J. P. (John P.), Siqueira, T. (Tadeu), Tachamo-Shah, R. D. (Ram Devi), Theischinger, G. (Günther), Thompson, R. (Ross), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Torres-Cambas, Y. (Yusdiel), Townsend, C. (Colin), Turak, E. (Eren), Twardochleb, L. (Laura), Wang, B. (Beixin), Yanygina, L. (Liubov), Zamora-Muñoz, C. (Carmen), Domisch, S. (Sami), Grigoropoulou, A. (Afroditi), Ab Hamid, S. (Suhaila), Acosta, R. (Raúl), Akindele, E. O. (Emmanuel Olusegun), Al-Shami, S. A. (Salman A.), Altermatt, F. (Florian), Amatulli, G. (Giuseppe), Angeler, D. G. (David G.), Arimoro, F. O. (Francis O.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Astorga-Roine, A. (Anna), Bastos, R. C. (Rafael Costa), Bonada, N. (Núria), Boukas, N. (Nikos), Brand, C. (Cecilia), Bremerich, V. (Vanessa), Bush, A. (Alex), Cai, Q. (Qinghua), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Chen, K. (Kai), Cruz, P. V. (Paulo Vilela), Dangles, O. (Olivier), Death, R. (Russell), Deng, X. (Xiling), Domínguez, E. (Eduardo), Dudgeon, D. (David), Eriksen, T. E. (Tor Erik), Faria, A. P. (Ana Paula J.), Feio, M. J. (Maria João), Fernández-Aláez, C. (Camino), Floury, M. (Mathieu), García-Criado, F. (Francisco), García-Girón, J. (Jorge), Graf, W. (Wolfram), Grönroos, M. (Mira), Haase, P. (Peter), Hamada, N. (Neusa), He, F. (Fengzhi), Heino, J. (Jani), Holzenthal, R. (Ralph), Huttunen, K.-L. (Kaisa-Leena), Jacobsen, D. (Dean), Jähnig, S. C. (Sonja C.), Jetz, W. (Walter), Johnson, R. K. (Richard K.), Juen, L. (Leandro), Kalkman, V. (Vincent), Kati, V. (Vassiliki), Keke, U. N. (Unique N.), Koroiva, R. (Ricardo), Kuemmerlen, M. (Mathias), Langhans, S. D. (Simone Daniela), Ligeiro, R. (Raphael), Van Looy, K. (Kris), Maasri, A. (Alain), Marchant, R. (Richard), Garcia Marquez, J. R. (Jaime Ricardo), Martins, R. T. (Renato T.), Melo, A. S. (Adriano S.), Metzeling, L. (Leon), Miserendino, M. L. (Maria Laura), Moe, S. J. (S. Jannicke), Molineri, C. (Carlos), Muotka, T. (Timo), Mustonen, K.-R. (Kaisa-Riikka), Mykrä, H. (Heikki), Cavalcante Do Nascimento, J. M. (Jeane Marcelle), Valente-Neto, F. (Francisco), Neu, P. J. (Peter J.), Nieto, C. (Carolina), Pauls, S. U. (Steffen U.), Paulson, D. R. (Dennis R.), Rios-Touma, B. (Blanca), Rodrigues, M. E. (Marciel Elio), de Oliveira Roque, F. (Fabio), Salazar Salina, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Schmera, D. (Dénes), Schmidt-Kloiber, A. (Astrid), Shah, D. N. (Deep Narayan), Simaika, J. P. (John P.), Siqueira, T. (Tadeu), Tachamo-Shah, R. D. (Ram Devi), Theischinger, G. (Günther), Thompson, R. (Ross), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Torres-Cambas, Y. (Yusdiel), Townsend, C. (Colin), Turak, E. (Eren), Twardochleb, L. (Laura), Wang, B. (Beixin), Yanygina, L. (Liubov), Zamora-Muñoz, C. (Carmen), and Domisch, S. (Sami)

Abstract

Motivation: Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill this gap and present the Global EPTO Database, which includes worldwide geo-referenced aquatic insect occurrence records for four major taxa groups: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata (EPTO). Main type of variables contained: A total of 8,368,467 occurrence records globally, of which 8,319,689 (99%) are publicly available. The records are attributed to the corresponding drainage basin and sub-catchment based on the Hydrography90m dataset and are accompanied by the elevation value, the freshwater ecoregion and the protection status of their location. Spatial location and grain: The database covers the global extent, with 86% of the observation records having coordinates with at least four decimal digits (11.1 m precision at the equator) in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate reference system. Time period and grain: Sampling years span from 1951 to 2021. Ninety-nine percent of the records have information on the year of the observation, 95% on the year and month, while 94% have a complete date. In the case of seven sub-datasets, exact dates can be retrieved upon communication with the data contributors. Major taxa and level of measurement: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata, standardized at the genus taxonomic level. We provide species names for 7,727,980 (93%) records without further taxonomic verification. Software format: The entire tab-separated value (.csv) database can be downloaded and visualized at https://glowabio.org/project/epto_database/. Fifty individual datasets are also availab

Published
2023

33. The global EPTO database: Worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects

Author

Grigoropoulou, A. Hamid, S. A. Acosta, R. Akindele, E. O. Al-Shami, S. A. Altermatt, F. Amatulli, G. Angeler, D. G. Arimoro, F. O. Aroviita, J. Astorga-Roine, A. Bastos, R. C. Bonada, N. Boukas, N. Brand, C. Bremerich, V. Bush, A. Cai, Q. Callisto, M. Chen, K. Cruz, P. V. Dangles, O. Death, R. Deng, X. Domínguez, E. Dudgeon, D. Eriksen, T. E. Faria, A. P. J. Feio, M. J. Fernández-Aláez, C. Floury, M. García-Criado, F. García-Girón, J. Graf, W. Grönroos, M. Haase, P. Hamada, N. He, F. Heino, J. Holzenthal, R. Huttunen, K. L. Jacobsen, D. Jähnig, S. C. Jetz, W. Johnson, R. K. Juen, L. Kalkman, V. Kati, V. Keke, U. N. Koroiva, R. Kuemmerlen, M. Langhans, S. D. Ligeiro, R. Van Looy, K. Maasri, A. Marchant, R. Garcia Marquez, J. R. Martins, R. T. Melo, A. S. Metzeling, L. Miserendino, M. L. Moe, S. J. Molineri, C. Muotka, T. Mustonen, K. R. Mykrä, H. Cavalcante do Nascimento, J. M. Valente-Neto, F. Neu, P. J. Nieto, C. Pauls, S. U. Paulson, D. R. Rios-Touma, B. Rodrigues, M. E. de Oliveira Roque, F. Salazar Salina, J. Schmera, D. Schmidt-Kloiber, A. Shah, D. Simaika, J. P. Siqueira, T. Tachamo-Shah, R. D. Theischinger, G. Thompson, R. Tonkin, J. D. Torres-Cambas, Y. Townsend, C. Turak, E. Twardochleb, L. Wang, B. Yanygina, L. Zamora-Muñoz, C. Domisch, S. and Grigoropoulou, A. Hamid, S. A. Acosta, R. Akindele, E. O. Al-Shami, S. A. Altermatt, F. Amatulli, G. Angeler, D. G. Arimoro, F. O. Aroviita, J. Astorga-Roine, A. Bastos, R. C. Bonada, N. Boukas, N. Brand, C. Bremerich, V. Bush, A. Cai, Q. Callisto, M. Chen, K. Cruz, P. V. Dangles, O. Death, R. Deng, X. Domínguez, E. Dudgeon, D. Eriksen, T. E. Faria, A. P. J. Feio, M. J. Fernández-Aláez, C. Floury, M. García-Criado, F. García-Girón, J. Graf, W. Grönroos, M. Haase, P. Hamada, N. He, F. Heino, J. Holzenthal, R. Huttunen, K. L. Jacobsen, D. Jähnig, S. C. Jetz, W. Johnson, R. K. Juen, L. Kalkman, V. Kati, V. Keke, U. N. Koroiva, R. Kuemmerlen, M. Langhans, S. D. Ligeiro, R. Van Looy, K. Maasri, A. Marchant, R. Garcia Marquez, J. R. Martins, R. T. Melo, A. S. Metzeling, L. Miserendino, M. L. Moe, S. J. Molineri, C. Muotka, T. Mustonen, K. R. Mykrä, H. Cavalcante do Nascimento, J. M. Valente-Neto, F. Neu, P. J. Nieto, C. Pauls, S. U. Paulson, D. R. Rios-Touma, B. Rodrigues, M. E. de Oliveira Roque, F. Salazar Salina, J. Schmera, D. Schmidt-Kloiber, A. Shah, D. Simaika, J. P. Siqueira, T. Tachamo-Shah, R. D. Theischinger, G. Thompson, R. Tonkin, J. D. Torres-Cambas, Y. Townsend, C. Turak, E. Twardochleb, L. Wang, B. Yanygina, L. Zamora-Muñoz, C. Domisch, S.

Abstract

Motivation Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill this gap and present the Global EPTO Database, which includes worldwide geo-referenced aquatic insect occurrence records for four major taxa groups: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata (EPTO). Main type of variables contained A total of 8,368,467 occurrence records globally, of which 8,319,689 (99%) are publicly available. The records are attributed to the corresponding drainage basin and sub-catchment based on the Hydrography90m dataset and are accompanied by the elevation value, the freshwater ecoregion and the protection status of their location. Spatial location and grain The database covers the global extent, with 86% of the observation records having coordinates with at least four decimal digits (11.1 m precision at the equator) in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate reference system. Time period and grain Sampling years span from 1951 to 2021. Ninety-nine percent of the records have information on the year of the observation, 95% on the year and month, while 94% have a complete date. In the case of seven sub-datasets, exact dates can be retrieved upon communication with the data contributors. Major taxa and level of measurement Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata, standardized at the genus taxonomic level. We provide species names for 7,727,980 (93%) records without further taxonomic verification. Software format The entire tab-separated value (.csv) database can be downloaded and visualized at https://glowabio.org/project/epto_database/. Fifty individual datasets are also available at https://f

Published
2023
Full Text
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34. verduurzaming van de landbouw – deel II: emissies

Author

Brand, C. and Brand, C.

Abstract

Dit is het tweede en laatste artikel in een reeks van twee artikelen. In deze reeks wordt vanuit milieuoogpunt gekeken naar de ontwikkeling van de landbouw in de afgelopen 25 jaar. Deel I ging over de productie en het verbruik van de landbouw. In dit artikel staan de emissies door de landbouw centraal. Concreet komen broeikasgasuitstoot, het overschot van stikstof en fosfor en de emissie van fijnstof aan bod. De uitstoot van broeikasgassen daalde in het begin van het tijdvak, waarna de daling stagneerde. Hetzelfde geldt voor het stikstoverschot. Het fosforoverschot daalde sterk. De uitstoot van fijnstof door mobiele werktuigen daalde, en de uitstoot door stationaire bronnen steeg. Ook wordt aandacht besteed aan de ontwikkeling van de natuur: de natuur ging in agrarisch gebied en in natuurgebieden sinds 1995 achteruit.

Published
2023

37. Making the local economic case for low carbon: an Oxfordshire case study

Author

Killip, G, Eyre, N, Brand, C, and Patrick, J

Abstract

The case for a low carbon economy is usually made in terms of the imperative of avoiding dangerous climate change, linked to an analysis showing that overall economic impacts are acceptable, nationally or globally. However, for local economic decision makers, the important factors are more likely to be employment and wealth creation within the local economy. This paper reports a study designed to address these questions for the County of Oxfordshire in the UK. The analysis considers the impacts of a low carbon transition in creating opportunities for local businesses and research organizations, and its links to the modernization of local infrastructure. It draws on both scenario modelling and case studies of existing initiatives. The results show that a shift to a low carbon economy is consistent with Oxfordshire’s strengths as a knowledge economy and plans for economic growth, with key sectors for potentially positive impacts being building technologies, alternative fuels and vehicles, and renewable energy technologies, as well as related research and service sectors. These sectors correlate with needs for local infrastructure investment, potentially allowing local schemes to act as ‘living laboratories’ for innovation. The scale of investment required is large, across research, commercialization and deployment, and will require a coordinated approach from local political and economic decision-makers. In the last two sections of the paper we reflect on our experience of doing this work, engaging with local stakeholders, and trying to achieve shared understanding of terms which were vague or unclear at the outset. The final discussion considers how the approach taken for this report could apply to other city-regions, but that the context and economic reality of each new place would have to substantially shape the detailed findings of any such report.

Published
2023

39. Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

Author

Alonso, I, Alpigiani, C, Altschul, B, Araújo, H, Arduini, G, Arlt, J, Badurina, L, Balaž, A, Bandarupally, S, Barish, BC, Barone, M, Barsanti, M, Bass, S, Bassi, A, Battelier, B, Baynham, CFA, Beaufils, Q, Belić, A, Bergé, J, Bernabeu, J, Bertoldi, A, Bingham, R, Bize, S, Blas, D, Bongs, K, Bouyer, P, Braitenberg, C, Brand, C, Braxmaier, C, Bresson, A, Buchmueller, O, Budker, D, Bugalho, L, Burdin, S, Cacciapuoti, L, Callegari, S, Calmet, X, Calonico, D, Canuel, B, Caramete, LI, Carraz, O, Cassettari, D, Chakraborty, P, Chattopadhyay, S, Chauhan, U, Chen, X, Chen, YA, Chiofalo, ML, Coleman, J, Corgier, R, Cotter, JP, Michael Cruise, A, Cui, Y, Davies, G, De Roeck, A, Demarteau, M, Derevianko, A, Di Clemente, M, Djordjevic, GS, Donadi, S, Doré, O, Dornan, P, Doser, M, Drougakis, G, Dunningham, J, Easo, S, Eby, J, Elertas, G, Ellis, J, Evans, D, Examilioti, P, Fadeev, P, Fanì, M, Fassi, F, Fattori, M, Fedderke, MA, Felea, D, Feng, CH, Ferreras, J, Flack, R, Flambaum, VV, Forsberg, R, Fromhold, M, Gaaloul, N, Garraway, BM, Georgousi, M, Geraci, A, Gibble, K, Gibson, V, Gill, P, Giudice, GF, Goldwin, J, Gould, O, Grachov, O, Graham, PW, Grasso, D, Griffin, PF, Guerlin, C, Gündoğan, M, Gupta, RK, and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
5102 Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Review, 51 Physical Sciences, 5108 Quantum Physics
Abstract

We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies.

Published
2022
Full Text
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41. Disrupting the UK energy system: causes, impacts and policy implications

Author

Ketsopoulou, I, Taylor, P, Watson, J, Brand, C, Killip, G, and al., Et

Abstract

Energy systems around the world are changing fast due to rapid technical change, the need to tackle climate change and growth in demand in the developing world. The Paris Agreement and the IPCC’s 1.5 degree report have strengthened the case for rapid emissions reduction – including plans to transition to net zero energy systems and economies. A key feature of this emerging revolution is the disruption of established technologies, markets and business models.

Published
2022

44. Parameterized Algorithms for MILPs with Small Treedepth

Author

Brand, C., Martin Koutecký, and Ordyniak, S.

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM), Optimization and Control (math.OC), Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS), Combinatorics (math.CO), General Medicine, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics
Abstract

Solving (mixed) integer (linear) programs, (M)I(L)Ps for short, is a fundamental optimisation task with a wide range of applications in artificial intelligence and computer science in general. While hard in general, recent years have brought about vast progress for solving structurally restricted, (non-mixed) ILPs: n-fold, tree-fold, 2-stage stochastic and multi-stage stochastic programs admit efficient algorithms, and all of these special cases are subsumed by the class of ILPs of small treedepth. In this paper, we extend this line of work to the mixed case, by showing an algorithm solving MILP in time f(a,d)poly(n), where a is the largest coefficient of the constraint matrix, d is its treedepth, and n is the number of variables. This is enabled by proving bounds on the denominators (fractionality) of the vertices of bounded-treedepth (non-integer) linear programs. We do so by carefully analysing the inverses of invertible sub-matrices of the constraint matrix. This allows us to afford scaling up the mixed program to the integer grid, and applying the known methods for integer programs. We then trace the limiting boundary of our "bounded fractionality" approach both in terms of going beyond MILP (by allowing non-linear objectives) as well as its usefulness for generalising other important known tractable classes of ILP. On the positive side, we show that our result can be generalised from MILP to MIP with piece-wise linear separable convex objectives with integer breakpoints. On the negative side, we show that going even slightly beyond such objectives or considering other natural related tractable classes of ILP leads to unbounded fractionality. Finally, we show that restricting the structure of only the integral variables in the constraint matrix does not yield tractable special cases.

Published
2021

47. The role of energy demand reduction in achieving net-zero in the UK: Transport and mobility

Author

Brand, C, Marsden, G, and Anable, J

Abstract

Decarbonising the transport sector is arguably the most challenging given ever increasing demand for mobility, heavy fossil fuel use, reliance on carbon-intensive infrastructure, and deeply embedded car-dependent lifestyles. Aviation, shipping and heavy goods transport are hard to decarbonise because realistic zero carbon technologies are limited for longer distances. This paper investigates the contribution energy demand reduction in the transport sector could make to climate mitigation efforts. Here we use a bottom-up modelling framework that comprehensively estimates the potential for mobility-related energy demand reduction at a country level. Replicable for other countries, our framework is applied to the case of the UK where we find that reductions in mobility energy demand of up to 61% by 2050 compared with baseline levels are possible without compromising on citizens’ quality of life. This translates to total lifecycle carbon emissions reductions of up to 72% by 2050 compared to 2020 levels, with about half of the reduction coming from mode shifting and avoiding travel and moving goods. The other half comes from vehicle energy efficiency and electrification as well as downsizing of the vehicle fleets. Our findings show that energy demand reduction in the transport sector can make it easier to meet sectoral carbon budgets and reduce reliance on more drastic car use restrictions further down the line. There are big potential co-benefits from reducing energy demand as we avoid unnecessary travel, become more multi-modal and electrify a smaller vehicle fleet. Active travel and less air pollution from burning fossil fuel will all improve health. Reducing energy demand may also lower household travel bills, reduce business costs, improve energy security, and transform the job market away from the incumbent fossil fuel economy.

Published
2022

49. Evaluation of IMproving Palliative care Education and Training Using Simulation in Dementia (IMPETUS-D) a staff simulation training intervention to improve palliative care of people with advanced dementia living in nursing homes: a cluster randomised cont

Author

Tropea, J, Nestel, D, Johnson, C, Hayes, BJ, Hutchinson, Ana, Brand, C, Le, BH, Blackberry, I, Caplan, GA, Bicknell, R, Hepworth, G, Lim, WK, Tropea, J, Nestel, D, Johnson, C, Hayes, BJ, Hutchinson, Ana, Brand, C, Le, BH, Blackberry, I, Caplan, GA, Bicknell, R, Hepworth, G, and Lim, WK

Abstract

BACKGROUND: People with dementia have unique palliative and end-of-life needs. However, access to quality palliative and end-of-life care for people with dementia living in nursing homes is often suboptimal. There is a recognised need for nursing home staff training in dementia-specific palliative care to equip them with knowledge and skills to deliver high quality care. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a simulation training intervention (IMPETUS-D) aimed at nursing home staff on reducing unplanned transfers to hospital and/or deaths in hospital among residents living with dementia. DESIGN: Cluster randomised controlled trial of nursing homes with process evaluation conducted alongside. SUBJECTS & SETTING: One thousand three hundred four people with dementia living in 24 nursing homes (12 intervention/12 control) in three Australian cities, their families and direct care staff. METHODS: Randomisation was conducted at the level of the nursing home (cluster). The allocation sequence was generated by an independent statistician using a computer-generated allocation sequence. Staff from intervention nursing homes had access to the IMPETUS-D training intervention, and staff from control nursing homes had access to usual training opportunities. The predicted primary outcome measure was a 20% reduction in the proportion of people with dementia who had an unplanned transfer to hospital and/or death in hospital at 6-months follow-up in the intervention nursing homes compared to the control nursing homes. RESULTS: At 6-months follow-up, 128 (21.1%) people with dementia from the intervention group had an unplanned transfer or death in hospital compared to 132 (19.0%) residents from the control group; odds ratio 1.14 (95% CI, 0.82-1.59). There were suboptimal levels of staff participation in the training intervention and several barriers to participation identified. CONCLUSION: This study of a dementia-specific palliative care staff training i

Published
2022

50. Evaluation of IMproving Palliative care Education and Training Using Simulation in Dementia (IMPETUS-D) a staff simulation training intervention to improve palliative care of people with advanced dementia living in nursing homes: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Author

Tropea, J, Nestel, D, Johnson, C, Hayes, BJ, Hutchinson, AF, Brand, C, Le, BH, Blackberry, I, Caplan, GA, Bicknell, R, Hepworth, G, Lim, WK, Tropea, J, Nestel, D, Johnson, C, Hayes, BJ, Hutchinson, AF, Brand, C, Le, BH, Blackberry, I, Caplan, GA, Bicknell, R, Hepworth, G, and Lim, WK

Abstract

BACKGROUND: People with dementia have unique palliative and end-of-life needs. However, access to quality palliative and end-of-life care for people with dementia living in nursing homes is often suboptimal. There is a recognised need for nursing home staff training in dementia-specific palliative care to equip them with knowledge and skills to deliver high quality care. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a simulation training intervention (IMPETUS-D) aimed at nursing home staff on reducing unplanned transfers to hospital and/or deaths in hospital among residents living with dementia. DESIGN: Cluster randomised controlled trial of nursing homes with process evaluation conducted alongside. SUBJECTS & SETTING: One thousand three hundred four people with dementia living in 24 nursing homes (12 intervention/12 control) in three Australian cities, their families and direct care staff. METHODS: Randomisation was conducted at the level of the nursing home (cluster). The allocation sequence was generated by an independent statistician using a computer-generated allocation sequence. Staff from intervention nursing homes had access to the IMPETUS-D training intervention, and staff from control nursing homes had access to usual training opportunities. The predicted primary outcome measure was a 20% reduction in the proportion of people with dementia who had an unplanned transfer to hospital and/or death in hospital at 6-months follow-up in the intervention nursing homes compared to the control nursing homes. RESULTS: At 6-months follow-up, 128 (21.1%) people with dementia from the intervention group had an unplanned transfer or death in hospital compared to 132 (19.0%) residents from the control group; odds ratio 1.14 (95% CI, 0.82-1.59). There were suboptimal levels of staff participation in the training intervention and several barriers to participation identified. CONCLUSION: This study of a dementia-specific palliative care staff training inter

Published
2022

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