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2. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain: Abstracts of Symposia and free communications
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Harms, L., Bock, A., JÄnisch, W., Valdueza, J., Weber, J., Link, I., De Keyser, J., Goossens, A., Wilczak, N., Vedeler, C., Bjorge, L., Uvestad, E., Conti, G., Williams, K., Ginsberg, L., Rafique, S., Rapoport, S. I., Gershfeld, N. L., De La Meilleure, G., Crevits, L., Faiss, J. H., Heye, N., Blanke, J., Sackmann, A., Kastrup, O., Doornbos, R., van der Worp, H. B., Kappelle, L. J., Bar, P. R., Davie, C. A., Barker, G. J., Brenton, D., Miller, D. H., Thompson, A. J., Block, F., Schwarz, M., Delodovici, L., Baruzzi, F., Bonaldi, G., Dario, A., Marra, A., Mercuri, A., Dworzak, F., Cavallari, P., Confalonieri, P., Zuffi, M., Antozzi, C., Cornelio, F., Baldissera, F., Chassande, B., Ameri, A., Eymard, B., Poisson, M., Vérier, A., Brunet, P., Congia, S., Murgia, P. L., Cannas, A., Borghero, G., Uselli, S., Mellino, G., Ferrai, R., Lampis, R., Massa, R., Muzzetto, B., Giannini, F., Rossi, S., Cioni, R., d'Aniello, C., Guarneri, A., Battistini, N., Ceriani, F., Del Santo, A., Poloni, M., Campo, J. F., Iglesias, F., Guitera, M. V., Farinas, C., Pascual, J., Leno, C., Berciano, J., Thorpe, I. W., Kendall, B. E., McDonald, W. I., Moulignier, A., Dromer, F., Baudrimont, M., Dupont, B., Gozlan, J., El Amrani, M., Petit, J. C., Roullet, E., Sterzi, R., Causaran, R., Protti, A., Riva, M., Erminio, F., Arena, O., Villa, F., Maccagnano, E., Miletta, M., Spinelli, F., Ben-Hur, T., Weidenfeldl, J., Rao, N. S., Chari, C. C., Laforet, P., Matheron, S., Adams, D., Chemouilli, Ph., Desi, M., Said, G., Davous, P., Lionnet, F., Pulik, M., Genet, P., Rozenberg, F., Cartier, L. M., Castillo, J. L., Cea, J. G., Villagra, R., de Saint Martin, L., Mahieux, F., Manifacier, M. J., Mattos, K., Queiros, C., Publio, L., Vinhas, V., PeÇanha-Martins, A. C., Melo, A., Liska, U., Zifko, U., Budka, H., Drlicek, M., Grisold, W., Kaufmann, R., Kaiser, R., Czygan, M., Gomes, I., Jones, N., Cunha, S., EmbiruÇu, E. Katiane, Vieira, V., Araujo, I., Alexandra, M., Ferreira, A., Goes, J., Chemouilli, P., Israel-Biet, Masson, H., Lacroix, C., Gasnault, J., Hildebrandt-Müller, B., Oschmann, P., Krack, P., Willems, W. R., Dorndorf, W., Freitas, V., Bittencourt, A., Fernandes, D., Nascimento, M. H., Severo, M., Moraes, D., Muller, M., Hasert, K., Merkelbach, S., Schimrigk, K., van Oosten, B. W., Lai, M., Polman, C. H., Bertelsmann, F. W., Hodgkinson, S., Cabre, P. H., Volpe, L., Smadja, D., Vernant, J. P., Villaroya, H., Violleau, K., Younes-Chennoufi, A. Ben, Baumann, N., Villanueva-Hemandez, P., Ballabriga, J., Basart, E., Arbizu, T. X., Perez-Serra, J., Vinuels, F., Giron, J. M., Castilla, J. M., Redondo, L., Izquierdo, G., Lauer, K., Henneberg, A., Bittmann, N., Link, D., Wollinsky, K. H., Mobner, R., Fassbender, K., Kuhnen, J., Schwartz, A., Hennerici, M., Miller, A., Lider, O., Abramsky, O., Weiner, H. L., Offner, H., Vanderbark, A. A., Paoino, E., Fainardi, E., Addonizio, M. C., Ruppi, P., Tola, M. R., Granieri, E., Carreras, M., Sazdovitch, V., Joutel, A., Verdier-taillefer, M. H., Heinzlef, O., Radder, C., Tournier-Lasserve, E., Brenner, R. E., Munro, P. M. G., Williams, S. C. R., Bell, J. D., Hawkins, C. P., Filippi, M., Campi, A., Dousset, V., Canal, N., Comi, G., Zhu, J., Weber, F., Retska, R., List, J., Zhang, L., Brock, M., Taphoorn, M. J. B., Heimans, J. J., van der Veen, E. A., Karim, A. B. M. F., Sarazin, M., Argentino, N., Delattre, J. Y., Derkinderen, P., Buchwald, B., Schroter, G., Serve, G., Franke, C. H., Conrad, B., Kitchen, N. D., Thomas, D. G. T., Forman, A. D., Ang, Kie- Kian, Price, R., Stephens, C., Salmaggi, A., Nermni, R., Silvani, A., Forno, M. G., Luksch, R., Boiardi, A., Grzelec, H., Fryze, C., Nowacki, P., Zdziarska, B., Sanson, M., Merel, P., Richard, S., Rouleau, G., Thomas, G., Olsen, N. K., Pfeiffer, P., Egund, N., Bentzen, S. M., Johannesen, L., Mondrup, K., Rose, C., Zyluk, B., Wondrusch, E., Berger, O., Fast, N., Jellinger, K., Lindner, K., Urman, A., Thibault, J. L., Duyckaerts, Ch., Strik, H., Muller, B., Richter, E., Krauseneck, P., Steinbrecher, A., Schabet, M., Hess, C., Bamberg, M., Dichgans, J., Counsell, C. E., McLeod, M., Grant, R., Creel, G. B., Claus, D., Sieber, E., Engelhardt, A., Rechlin, T., Thierauf, P., Neubauer, U., Peresson, M., Di Giovacchino, G., Romani, G. L., Di Silverio, F., Danek, A., Kuffner, M., Hoermann, R., Schopohl, J., Laska, M., Heye, B., Zangaladze, A. T., Valls-SoIè, J., Cammarota, A., Alvarez, R., Tolosa, E., Hallett, M., Ulbricht, D., Ganslandt, O., Kober, H., Vieth, J., Grummich, P., Pongratz, H., Brigel, C., Fahlbusch, R., Serra, F. P., Palma, V., Nolfe, G., Buscaino, G. A., Rothstein, T. L., Gibson J. M., Morrison P. M., Collins A. D., Eiselt, M., Wagnur, H., Zwiener, U., Schindler, T., Efendi, H., Ertekin, C., Erfas, M., Larsson, L. E., Sirin, H., AraÇ, N., Toygar, A., Demir, Y., Seddigh, S., Vogt, T. H., Hundemer, H., Visbeck, A., Pastena, L., Faralli, F., Mainardi, G., Gagliardi, R., Linden, D., Berlit, P., Lopez, O. L., Becker, J. T., Jungreis, C., Brenner, R., Rezek, D., Dekesky, S. T., Estol, C., Boller, F., Fernandez, J. M., Mederer, S., Batlle, J., Turon, A., Codina, A., Hitzenberger, P., Vila, N., Valls-SolÇ, J., Chamorro, A., Pouget, J., Schmied, A., Morin, D., Azulay, J. Ph., Vedel, J. P., Montalt, J., Escudero, J., Barona, R., Campos, A., Varli, K., Ertem, E., Uludag, B., Yagiz, A., Privorkin, Z., Steinvil, Y., Kott, E., Combarros, O., Sanchez-Pernaute, R., Orizaola, P., Mokrusch, Th., Kutluaye, E., Selcuki, D., Ertikin, C., Zettl, U., Gold, R., Harvey, G. K., Hartung, H. P., Toyka, K. V., Wokke, J. H. J., Oey, P. L., Ippel, P. F., Jansen, G. H., Franssen, H., Toyooka, K., Fujimura, H., Ueno, S., Yoshikawa, H., Yorifuji, S., Yanagihara, T., Talamon, C., Tzourio, C., Kiefer, R., Jung, S., Toyka, K., Ruolt, I., Tranchant, C., Mohr, M., Warter, J. M., Younger, D. S., Rosoklija, G., Hays, A. P., Kurita, R., Hasegawa, O., Matsumto, M., Komiyama, A., Nara, Y., Oueslati, S., Belal, S., Turki, I., Ben Hamida, C., Hentati, F., Ben Hamida, M., Kwiecinski, H., Krolicki, L., Domzal-Stryga, A., Dellemijn, P. L. I., van Deventer, P., van Moll, B., Drogendijk, T., Vecht, Ch. J., Nemni S., Amadio, Fazio, R., Galardin, G., Delodovici, M. L., Peghi, E., Monticelli, M. L., Sessa, A., Viguera, M. L., Palomar, M., Gamez, J., Cervera, C., Navarro, C., Serena, J., Duran, I., Fernandez, A. L., Comabella, M., Nos, C., Rio, J., Montalban, J., Navarro, X., Verdu, E., Darbra, S., Buti, M., Mrabet, A., Fredj, M., Gouider, R., Tounsi, H., Khalfallah, N., Haddad, A., Dbaiss, T., Ghnassia, R., Rouillet, E., Chedru, F., Porsche, H., Strenge, H., Li, S. W., Young, Y. P., Garcia, A. A., Baron, P., Scarpini, E., Bianchi, R., Conti, A., Livraghi, S., Rees, J. H., Gregson, N. A., Hughes, R. A. C., Sedano, M. J., Calleja, J., Canga, E., Bahou, Y., Biary, N., Al Deeb, S. M., Guern, E. L. E., Gugenheim, M., Tardieu, S., Aisonobe, T. M., Agid, Y., Bouche, P., Brice, A., Rautenstrauss, B., Nelis, E., Grehl, H., Van Broeckhoven, C., Pfeiffer, R. A., Liehr, T., Ganzmann, E., Gehring, C., Neundörfer, B., Geremia, L., Doronzo, R., Sacilotto, G., Sergi, P., Pastorino, G. C., Scarlato, G., Planté-Bordeneuve, V., Mantel, A., Baas, F., Moser, H., Antonini, A., Psylla, M., Günther, I., Vontobell, P., Beer, H. F., Leenders, K. L., Chaudhuri, K. Ray, Parker, J., Pye, I. F., Millac, P. A. H., Abbott, R. J., Sutter, M., Albani, C., de Rijk, M. C., Breteler, M. M. B., Graveland, G. A., van der Mechè, F. G. A., Hofman, A., Keipes, M., Hilger, Ch., Diederich, N., Metz, H., Hentges, F., Pollak, P., Benabid, A. L., Limousin, P., Hoffmann, D., Benazzouz, A., Perret, J., Laihinen, A., Rinne, J. O., Ruottinen, H., Nagren, K., Lehikoinen, P., Oikonen, V., Ruotsalainen, U., Rinne, U. K., Cocozza, S., Pizzuti, A., Cavalcanti, F., Monticelli, A., Pianese, L., Redolfi, E., Paiau, F., Di Donato, S., Pandolfo, M., Palau, F., Monros, E., De Michele, G., Smeyers, P., Lopez-ArLandis, J., Uilchez, J., Filla, A., Genis, D., Matilla, T., Volpini, V., Blanchs, M. I., Davalos, A., Molins, A., Rosell, J., Estivill, X., De Jonghe, P., Smeyers, G., Krols, L., Mercelis, R., Hazan, J., Weissenbach, J., Martin, J. J., Warner, T. A. T., Williams, L., Orb, A. S., Harding, A. E., Giunti, P., Sweeney, M. G., Spadaro, M., Jodice, C., Novelletto, A., Malaspina, P., Frontali, M., Salmon, E., Gregoire, Del Fiore, Comar, Franck, G., Scheltens, P. H., Siegfried, K., Dartigues, E., De Deyn, P., Horn, R., Nelson, I., Hanna, M. G., Morgan-Hughes, J. A., Collinge, J., Palmer, M. S., Campbell, T., Mahal, S., Sidle, K., Humphreys, C., Tavitian, B., Pappata, S., Jobert, A., Crouzel, A. M., DiGiamberardino, L., Steimetz, G., Barbanti, P., Fabbrini, G., Salvatore, M., Buzzi, M. G., Di Piero, V., Petraroli, R., Sbriccoli, A., Pocchiari, M., Macchi, G., Lenzi, G. L., Spiegel, R., Maguire, P., Schmid, W., Ott, A., Bots, M. L., Grobbe, D. E., Hofman, A., Howard, R. S., Russell, S., Losseff, N., Hirsch, N. P., Couderc, R., Bailleul, S., Nargeot, M. C., Touchon, J., Picot, M. C., Rizzo, M., Watson, G., McGehee, D., Dingus, T., Kappos, L., Radü, E. W., Haas, J., Hartard, C. H., Spuler, S., Yousry, T., Voltz, R., Scheller, A., Holler, E., Hohlfeld, R., Scolding, N. J., Sussman, J., Kolar, O. J., Farlow, M. R., Rice, P. H., Zipp, F., Sotgiu, S., Weiss, E. H., Wekerle, H., Chalmers, R., Robertson, N., Compston, D. A. S., Martino, G., Clementi, E., Brambilla, E., Moiola, L., Martinelli, V., Colombo, B., Poggi, A., Rovaris, M., Grimaldi, L. M. E., Roth, M. P., Descoins, P., Ballivet, S., Ruidavets, J. B., Waubant, E., Nogueira, L., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Clanet, M., Leppert, D., Hauser, S., Lugaresi, A., Tartaro, A., D'aurelio, P., Befalo, L. L. O., Thomas, A., Malatesta, G., Gambi, D., Benedikz, J. E. G., Magnusson, H., Poser, C. M., Guomundsson, G., Bates, T. E., Davies, S. E. C., Clark, J. B., Landon, D. N., ùther, J. R., Rautenberg, W., Overgaard, K., Sereghy, T., Pedersen, H., Boysen, G., Diez-Tejedor, E., Carceller, F., Gutierrez, M., Lopez-Pajares, R., Roda, J. M., Chandra, B., Ricart, W., Gonzalez-Huix, F., Molina, A., Rundek, T., Demarin, V., De Reuck, J., Boon, P., Decoq, D., Strijckmans, K., Goethals, P., Lemahieu, I., Nibbio, A., Chabriat, H., Vahedi, K., Nagy, T., Verin, M., Mas, J. L., Julien, J., Ducrocq, X., Iba-Zizen, M. T., Cabanis, E. A., Bousser, M. G., Rolland, Y., Landgraf, F., Bompais, B., Lemaitre, M. H., Edan, G., Vorstrup, S., Knudsen, L., Olsen, K. Skovgaard, Videbaek, C., Schroeder, T., van Gijn, J., Jansen, H. M. L., Pruim, J., Paans, A. M. J., Willemsen, A. T. M., Hew, J. M., vd Vliet, A. M., Haaxma, R., Vaalburg, W., Minderhoud, J. M., Korf, J., Soudain, S. E., Ho, T. W., Mishu, B., Li, C. Y., Nachainkin, I., Gao, C. Y., Cornblath, D. R., Griffin, J. W., Asbury, A. K., Blaser, M. J., McKhann, G. M., Ho, T., Macko, C., Xue, P., Stadlan, E. M., Ramos-Alvarez, M., Valenciano, L., Visser, L. H., van der Meché, F. G. A., van Darn, P. A., Meulstee, J., Schmitz, P. I. M., Jacobs, B., Oomes, P. G., Kleyweg, R. P., Jacobs, B. C., Endtz, H. P., van Doorn, P. A., van der Mech, F. G. A., Van den Berg, L. H., Mollee, I., Logtenberg, T., Thomas, P. K., Plant, G., Baxter, P. J., Luis, R. Santiago, Matsumoto, M., Notermans, N. C., Wokke, J. H. J., Lokhorst, H. M., van der Graaf, Y., Jennekens, F. G. I., Azulay, J. P., Bille-Turg, F., Valentin, P., Farnarier, G. G., Pellissier, J. F., Serratrice, G., Quasthoff, S., Schneider, U., Grafe, P., Hilkens, P. H. E., Moll, J. W. B., van der Burg, M. E. L., Planting, A. S. T., van Putten, W. L. J., van den Bent, M. J., Birklein, F., Spitzer, A., Lang, E., Neundorfer, B., Diehl, R. R., Lücke, D., Smith, G. D. P., Mathias, C. J., Serra, J., Campera, M., Ochoa, J. L., Ray Chaudhuri, K., Pavitt, D., Alam, M., Handwerker, H. O., Bleasdale-Barr, K., Smith, G., Murray, N. M. F., Hawkins, P., Pepys, M., Gellera, C., DiDonato, S., Taroni, F., Uncini, A., Di Muzio, A., Servidei, S., Silvestri, G., Lodi, R., Iotti, S., Barbiroli, B., Morrissey, S. P., Borruat, F. X., Francis, D., Mosely, I., Hansen, H. C., Helmke, K., Kunze, K., Sadzot, B., Maquet, P., Lemaire, Plenevaux, Damhaut, Sommer, C., Myers, R. R., Berta, E., Mantegazza, R., Argov, Z., Shapira, Y., Wirguin, I., Beuuer, J., Franke, C., Roberts, M., Willison, H., Vincent, A., Newsom-Davis, J., Morrison, K. E., Damels, R., Francis, M., Campbell, L., Davies, K. E., Kohler, W., Bucka, C., Hertel, G., Kanovsky, P., Auer, D., Ackermann, H., Klose, U., Naegele, Th., Bien, S., Voigt, K., Fink, G. R., Stephan, K. M., Wise, R. J. S., Mullatti, N., Hewer, L., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Weiller, C. S., Rijnites, M., Jueptner, M., Bauermann, T., Krams, M., Diener, H. C., van Walderveen, M. A. A., Barkhof, F., Hommes, O. R., Valk, J., Willmer, J. P., Guzman, D. A., Passingham, R. E., Silbersweig, D., Ceballos-Baumann, A., Frith, C. D., Frackowiak, R., Lucas, C. H., Goullard, L., Marchau, M. J., Godefroy, O., Rondepierre, P. H., Chamas, E., Mounier-Vehier, F., Leys, D., Renato, J., Verdugo, M. S. C., Campero, M., Jose, L., Ochoa, D. S. C., Vivancos, F., Tejedor, E. Diez, Martinez, N., Roda, J., Frank, A., Barreiro, P., Satoh, Y., Nagata, K., Maeda, T., Hirata, Y., YalÇinerner, B., Ozkara, C., Ozer, F., Ozer, S., Hanoglu, L., Zunker, P., Pozo, J. L., Oberwittler, C., Schick, A., Buschmann, H. -Ch., Ringelstein, E. Bernd, Lara, M., Anzola, G. P., Magoni, M., Volta, G. Dalla, Tarasov, A., Feigin, V., Beaudry, M. G., Carrier, S., Chicoutimi, Henriques, I. L., Bogoussslavsky, J., van Melle, G., Mathieu, J., Perusse, L., Allard, P., Prevost, C., Cantin, L., Bouchard, J. M., De Braekeleer, M., Agbo, C., Neau, J. P., Tantot, A. M., Dary-Auriol, M., Ingrand, P., Gil, R., Baltadjiev, D., Zekin, D., Sabey, K., Gennaula, C. P., Pope, B. A., Caparros-Lefebvre, D., Girard-Buttaz, I., Pruvo, J. P., Petit, H., Hipola, D., Martin, M., Giménez-Roldan, S., Ivanez, V., Japaridze, G., Carrasco, J. L., Picomell, I., Herranz, J. L., Macias, J. A., Nieto, M., Noya, M., Oller, L., Kiteva-Trencevska, G., Delgado, M. R., Liu, H., Luengo, A., Parra, J., Colas, J., Fernandez, M. J., Manzanares, R., Kornhuber, M. E., Malashkhia, V., Orkodashili, G., Martinez, M., Bonaventura, I., Porta, G., Martinez, I., Fernandez, A., Aguilar, M., Masnou, P., Drouet, A., Dreyfus, M., Cartron, J., Morel-Kopp, M. C., Tchernia, G., Kaplan, C., Lammers, M. W., Hekster, Y. A., Keyser, A., Meinardi, H., Renier, W. O., Boon, P. A. J. M., Have, M. D., Kint, B., Cruz, P., Cadilha, A., Almeida, R., Goncalves, M., Pimenta, M., Ramos, L. M. P., Polder, T. W., Broere, C. A., Polman, L., Rother, I., Rother, M., Schlaug, G., Arnold, S., Holthausen, H., Wunderlich, G., Ebner, A., Luders, H., Witte, O. W., Seitz, R. J., Serra, L. L., Gallicchio, B., Rotondi, F., Wieshmann, U., Meierkord, H., Sabev, K., Di Carlo, V., Gueguen, B., Derouesné, Ch., Ancri, D., Bourdel, M. C., Guillou, S., Aliaga, R., Chornet, M. A., Rodrigo, A., Pascual, A. Pascual -Leone, Catala, M. D., Pascual-Leone, A., Benbadis, S. R., Dinner, D. S., Chelune, G. J., Lüders, H. O., Piedmonte, M. R., Blanco, T., Lopez, M. P., Romero, B., Deltoro, A., Pascual, A., Pascual, Leone, Bolgert, F., Josse, M. O., Tassan, P., Touze, E., Laplane, D., Godenberg, F., Brizioli, E., Del Gobbo, M., Pelliccioni, G., Scarpino, O., Durak, H., Damlacik, G., Tunca, Z., Fidaner, H., Yurekli, Y., Yemez, B., Kaygisiz, A., Anllo, E. A., Esperet, E., Giovagnoli, A. R., Casazza, M., Spreafico, R., Avanzini, G., Mascheroni, S., Vecchio, I., Tornali, C., Antonuzzo, A., Grasso, A. A., Bella, R., Pennisi, G., Raffaele, R., Broeckx, J., Schildermans, F., Hospers, W., Deberdt, W., Carney, J. M., Aksenova, M., Chen, M. S., Juncadella, M., Busquets, N., De la Fuente, I., Rodriguez, A., Rubio, F., Soler, R., Khati, C., Pillon, B., Deweer, B., Malapani, C., Malichard, N., Dubois, B., Rancurel, G., Lopez, D. L., Jungreia, G., DeKosky, S. T., Boiler, F., Weiller, C., Rijntjes, M., Mueller, S. P., Maguire, E. A., Burke, E. T., Staunton, H., Phillips, J., Rousseaux, M., Pena, J., Bertran, I., Santacruz, P., Lopez, R., Catafau, A., Lomena, F., Blesa, R., Rampello, L., Nicoletti, A., Cabaret, M., Lesoin, F., Steinling, M., Tournev, I., Maier-Hauff, K., Schroeder, M., Wolf, A., Cochin, J. P., Noel, I., Augustin, P., Auzou, P., Hannequin, D., Maria, V., Lopez-Bresnahan, Danielle, D. M., Antin-Ozerkis B. A., Bartels, E., Rodiek, S. O., Flugel, K. A., Campos, D. M., Salas-Puig, J., Del Rio, J. Sanhez, Vidal, J. A., Lahoz, C. H., Eraksoy, M., Barlas, O., Barlas, M., Bayindir, C., Ozcan, H., Birbamer, G., Gerstenbrand, F., Felber, S., Luz, G., Aichner, F., Seidel, G., Kaps, M., Hutzelmann, A., Gerriets, T., Kruggel, F., Martin, P. J., Gaunt, M. E., Abbot, R. J., Naylor, A. R., Meary, E., Dilouya, A., Meder, J. F., De Recondo, J., Lebtahi, R., Neff, K. W., Meairs, S., Viola, S., Matta, E., Aquilone, L., Rise, I. R., Authier, F. J., Kondo, H., Ghnassia, R. T., Degos, J. D., Gherardi, R. K., Bardoni A., Ciafaloni E., Comi G. P., Bresolin N., Robotti M., Moggio M., Rigoletto C., Roses A., Scarlato G., Castelli, E., Turconi, A., Bresolin, N., Perani, D., Felisari, G., Chariot, P., de Pinieux, G., Astier, A., Jacotot, B., Gherardi, R., Fischer-Gagnepain, V., Louboutin, J. P., Crespo, F., Florea-Strat, A., Fromont, G., Sabourin, J. -C., Gonano, E. -F., Moroni, I., Prelle, A., Iannaccone, S., Quattrini, A., deRino, F., Sessa, M., Golzi, V., Smirne, S., Nemni, R., Turpin, J. C., Lucotte, G., Jacobs, S. C. J. M., Willems, P. W. A., Bootsma, A. L., Lasa, A., Calaf, M., Baiget, M., Gallano, B., Fichter-Gagnepain, V., Mazzucchelli, F., D'Angelo, M. G., Velicogna, M., Bet, L., Comi, G. P., Bordoni, A., Gonano, E. F., Bazzi, P., Rapuzzi, S., Moggio, M., Fagiolari, G., Ciscato, P., Messina, A., Battistel, A., Ryniewicz, B., Sangla, I., Desnuelle, C., Paquis, V., Cozzone, P. J., Bendahan, D., Sturenburg, H. 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M., Pleiffer, G., Kunre, K., Dieterich, M., Brandt, Th., Guarino, M., Stracciari, A., Pazzaglia, P., D'Alessandro, R., Santilli, I., Donato, M., The European Velnacrine Study Group, The Dutch Guillain-Barré study group, The COP-1 Multicenter Clinical and Research Group Study, and European Study Group
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Fresh human islet transplantation to replace pancreatic endocrine function in type 1 diabetic patients: Report of six cases
- Author
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Socci, C., Falqui, L., Davalli, A. M., Ricordi, C., Braghi, S., Bertuzzi, F., Maffi, P., Secchi, A., Gavazzi, F., Freschi, M., Magistretti, P., Socci, S., Vignali, A., Di Carlo, V., and Pozza, G.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Islet autoantibody markers in insulin dependent diabetes: risk assessment strategies yielding high sensitivity
- Author
-
Bonifacio E, Genovese S, Braghi S, Bazzigaluppi E, Lampasona V, Bingley PJ, Rogge L, Pastore MR, Bognetti E, Bottazzo GF, Gale EAM, BOSI , EMANUELE, Bonifacio, E, Genovese, S, Braghi, S, Bazzigaluppi, E, Lampasona, V, Bingley, Pj, Rogge, L, Pastore, Mr, Bognetti, E, Bottazzo, Gf, Gale, Eam, and Bosi, Emanuele
- Published
- 1995
5. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxyase in palatal myoclonus and epilepsy
- Author
-
NEMNI R, BRAGHI S, NATALI SORA MG, LAMPASONA V, BONIFACIO E, CANAL N., COMI , GIANCARLO, Nemni, R, Braghi, S, NATALI SORA, Mg, Lampasona, V, Bonifacio, E, Comi, Giancarlo, and Canal, N.
- Published
- 1994
6. Stiff-man syndrome and autoimmunity; pathogenetic problems
- Author
-
GRIMALDI LME, BRAGHI S, FURLAN R, BOSI, EMANUELE, MARTINO , GIANVITO, Layzer R.B., Sandrini G., Piccolo G., Martinelli P., Grimaldi, Lme, Martino, Gianvito, Braghi, S, Furlan, R, and Bosi, Emanuele
- Published
- 1993
7. ALLOTRANSPLANTATION OF FRESH ISLETS IN 4 TYPE-I DIABETIC-PATIENTS
- Author
-
SOCCI C, FALQUI L, DAVALLI AM, RICORDI C, BERTUZZI F, BRAGHI S, MAFFI P, GAVAZZI F, FRESCHI M, MAGISTRETTI P, DICARLO V, POZZA G., SECCHI , ANTONIO, Socci, C, Falqui, L, Davalli, Am, Ricordi, C, Bertuzzi, F, Braghi, S, Maffi, P, Secchi, Antonio, Gavazzi, F, Freschi, M, Magistretti, P, Dicarlo, V, and Pozza, G.
- Published
- 1992
8. FRESH HUMAN ISLET TRANSPLANTATION TO REPLACE PANCREATIC ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN TYPE-1 DIABETIC-PATIENTS - REPORT OF 6 CASES
- Author
-
SOCCI C, FALQUI L, DAVALLI AM, RICORDI C, BRAGHI S, BERTUZZI F, MAFFI P, GAVAZZI F, FRESCHI M, MAGISTRETTI P, SOCCI S, VIGNALI, ANDREA, DICARLO V, POZZA G., SECCHI , ANTONIO, Socci, C, Falqui, L, Davalli, Am, Ricordi, C, Braghi, S, Bertuzzi, F, Maffi, P, Secchi, Antonio, Gavazzi, F, Freschi, M, Magistretti, P, Socci, S, Vignali, Andrea, Dicarlo, V, and Pozza, G.
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of islet allografts in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Six patients received human islets from either one or two donors via the portal vein, after (n = 4) or simultaneously with (n = 2) a kidney graft. The patients with functioning kidney grafts (nos. 1 -4) were already on triple immunosuppressive therapy (cyclosporine A, azathioprine, prednisone). Prednisone was increased to 60 mg/day for 15 days after the islet transplant in patient 1. Patients 2-4 and the patients who underwent a simultaneous kidney-islets graft (nos. 5, 6) also received antilymphocyte globulin. Intravenous insulin was given for the first 15 days to maintain blood glucose concentrations within the normal range. Patient 1 rejected the islets within 15 days of islet transplantation. In patient 2, a 25% reduction in insulin requirement was observed and 12 months after transplantation post-prandial serum C-peptide was 1.5 ng/ml. In patient 3, the insulin requirement decreased from 40 to 8 units/day with a post-prandial serum C-peptide of 4.1 ng/ml 12 months after islet transplantation. In patient 4 the post-prandial secretion of C-peptide increased to 6.4 ng/ml. Six months after the islet infusion, insulin therapy was discontinued and HbA1c, 24-h metabolic profile and oral glucose tolerance test remained within the normal range. He had remained off insulin for 5 months until recently, when foot gangrene paralleled a worsening of post-prandial glycaemic control. Twelve months after transplantation he is receiving 8 units insulin/day. Patients 5 and 6 received a simultaneous kidney and islet graft and 6 months after transplantation their post-prandial C-peptide secretion peaks were 2.5 and 1.9 ng/ml respectively. Their daily insulin requirement was not significantly modified. In conclusion, these results show that an adequate number of human islets injected intraportally in type 1 diabetic patients can replace the pancreatic endocrine function and can lead to insulin independence.
- Published
- 1991
9. Modulation of humoral islet autoimmunity by pancreas allotransplantation influences allograft outcome in patients with type 1 diabetes.
- Author
-
Braghi, S, primary, Bonifacio, E, additional, Secchi, A, additional, Di Carlo, V, additional, Pozza, G, additional, and Bosi, E, additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in palatal myoclonus and epilepsy
- Author
-
Nemni, R., primary, Braghi, S., additional, Natali-Sora, M. G., additional, Lampasona, V., additional, Bonifacio, E., additional, Comi, G., additional, and Canal, N., additional
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Autoantibody response to islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes.
- Author
-
Bosi, Emmanuele, Braghi, Simona, Maffi, Paola, Scirpoli, Miriam, Bertuzzi, Federico, Pozza, Guido, Secchi, Antonio, Bonifacio, Ezio, Bosi, E, Braghi, S, Maffi, P, Scirpoli, M, Bertuzzi, F, Pozza, G, Secchi, A, and Bonifacio, E
- Subjects
DIABETES ,AUTOANTIBODIES ,GLUTAMATE decarboxylase ,AUTOIMMUNITY - Abstract
Islet allotransplantation into patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes represents a reexposure to autoantigen. Here, measurement of antibodies to GAD and IA-2 autoantigens before and after islet transplantation in 36 patients (33 receiving islet plus kidney grafts with cyclosporin and steroid-based immunosuppression, and 3 receiving solitary islet transplants with mycophenolate but cyclosporin-free immunosuppression) demonstrated marked rises in GAD antibodies within 7 days posttransplantation in 5 patients (3 receiving islet after kidney transplants, and 2 receiving solitary islet transplants) and within 30 days in the third patient receiving solitary islet transplantation. GAD antibodies were of the IgG1 subclass, against major autoantigenic epitopes, and in cases of islet after kidney transplants, the responses were short-lived and not accompanied by HLA antibodies. Two of these patients had subsequent marked rises of IA-2 antibodies, and an additional patient had a marked rise in IgM-GAD antibodies 3 years after transplantation. Insulin independence was not achieved in patients with autoantibody elevations and was significantly less frequent in these patients. These data are consistent with a reactivation of autoimmunity that may be dependent on immunosuppression therapy and is associated with impaired graft function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Heterogeneity of autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome.
- Author
-
Grimaldi, Luigi M. E., Martino, Gianvito, Braghi, Simona, Quattrini, Angelo, Furlan, Roberto, Bosi, Emanuele, Comi, Giancarlo, Grimaldi, L M, Martino, G, Braghi, S, Quattrini, A, Furlan, R, Bosi, E, and Comi, G
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Allotransplantation of fresh islets in four type I diabetic patients
- Author
-
Socci, C., Falqui, L., Davalli, A. M., Camillo Ricordi, Bertuzzi, F., Braghi, S., Maffi, P., Secchi, A., Gavazzi, F., Freschi, M., Magistretti, P., Di Carlo, V., and Pozza, G.
14. Selection of donors significantly improves pig islet isolation yield
- Author
-
Socci, C., Ricordi, C., Davalli, A. M., Staudacher, C., Baro, P., Vertova, A., Freschi, M., Francesca Gavazzi, Braghi, S., Pozza, G., and Di Carlo, V.
15. La malattia diabetica nell’anziano
- Author
-
Marina Scavini, S. Braghi, Emanuele Bosi, Bosi, Emanuele, Braghi, S, and Scavini, M.
- Subjects
Medical Laboratory Technology ,Biochemistry (medical) - Abstract
Oltre la meta dei soggetti con il diabete di tipo 2 e di eta superiore ai 65 anni e un quarto supera i 75 anni. L’aumento dell’aspettativa di vita comportera un ulteriore aumento della prevalenza del diabete in queste classi di eta. Nell’anziano il diabete si associa spesso ad altre malattie (vascolari, cardiache, renali) e a una ridotta performance psicofisica, fino a disabilita croniche e ingravescenti. Lo screening e la diagnosi del diabete di tipo 2 non differiscono dai criteri usati per la popolazione giovane e adulta. Poiche l’anziano ha una maggiore suscettibilita all’ipoglicemia indotta dai farmaci ipoglicemizzanti, si possono utilizzare livelli piu alti di HbA1c come target terapeutico. Piu complessa e la terapia per le comorbidita associate e la frequente politerapia cronica.
- Published
- 2011
16. Autoantibody response to islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes
- Author
-
Federico Bertuzzi, Paola Maffi, Ezio Bonifacio, Emanuele Bosi, Miriam Scirpoli, Guido Pozza, Antonio Secchi, S. Braghi, Bosi, Emanuele, Braghi, S, Maffi, P, Scirpoli, M, Bertuzzi, F, Pozza, G, Secchi, Antonio, and Bonifacio, E.
- Subjects
Adult ,endocrine system ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ,Autoimmunity ,Islets of Langerhans ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Postoperative Period ,Autoantibodies ,Autoimmune disease ,Immunosuppression Therapy ,Type 1 diabetes ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,business.industry ,Autoantibody ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Islet ,Kidney Transplantation ,Histocompatibility ,Transplantation ,surgical procedures, operative ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Immunology ,business ,Allotransplantation - Abstract
Islet allotransplantation into patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes represents a reexposure to autoantigen. Here, measurement of antibodies to GAD and IA-2 autoantigens before and after islet transplantation in 36 patients (33 receiving islet plus kidney grafts with cyclosporin and steroid-based immunosuppression, and 3 receiving solitary islet transplants with mycophenolate but cyclosporin-free immunosuppression) demonstrated marked rises in GAD antibodies within 7 days posttransplantation in 5 patients (3 receiving islet after kidney transplants, and 2 receiving solitary islet transplants) and within 30 days in the third patient receiving solitary islet transplantation. GAD antibodies were of the IgG1 subclass, against major autoantigenic epitopes, and in cases of islet after kidney transplants, the responses were short-lived and not accompanied by HLA antibodies. Two of these patients had subsequent marked rises of IA-2 antibodies, and an additional patient had a marked rise in IgM-GAD antibodies 3 years after transplantation. Insulin independence was not achieved in patients with autoantibody elevations and was significantly less frequent in these patients. These data are consistent with a reactivation of autoimmunity that may be dependent on immunosuppression therapy and is associated with impaired graft function.
- Published
- 2001
17. Modulation of humoral islet autoimmunity by pancreas allotransplantation influences allograft outcome in patients with type 1 diabetes
- Author
-
Guido Pozza, Emanuele Bosi, V. Di Carlo, S. Braghi, Ezio Bonifacio, Antonio Secchi, Braghi, S., Bonifacio, E., Secchi, Antonio, DI CARLO, V., Pozza, G., and Bosi, Emanuele
- Subjects
Adult ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Autoimmunity ,Pancreas transplantation ,Autoantigens ,Epitopes ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Transplantation, Homologous ,Postoperative Period ,Autoantibodies ,Autoimmune disease ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 ,Type 1 diabetes ,business.industry ,Glutamate Decarboxylase ,Graft Survival ,Autoantibody ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Transplantation ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Treatment Outcome ,Immunology ,Antibody Formation ,Pancreas Transplantation ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ,business ,Allotransplantation - Abstract
Pancreas transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes presents allogeneic beta-cell autoantigens to the immune system long after the initial beta-cell destruction that leads to diabetes has occurred. The aims of this study were to determine whether re-exposure to beta-cell autoantigen through transplantation affect the humoral autoimmune response and whether its modulation correlates with graft outcome. Antibodies to the major autoantigens GAD (GADA) and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2A) were measured before and after transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes who received pancreas and kidney allografts. In the 110 cases studied, pancreas graft survival was not significantly associated with the presence of GADA or IA-2A before transplantation. In the 75 patients with sequential follow-up samples up to 11.2 years after transplantation, autoantibodies were persistently undetectable in 44 cases (59%) and remained at stable detectable levels in 13 cases (17%). Substantial changes in antibody levels were found in 18 cases (24%), of which 13 cases (17%) had declining levels and 5 cases (7%) had marked increments after transplantation. Rising GADA and IA-2A levels in these five patients were predominantly of the IgG1 subclass, with progressive spreading of epitope reactivity. Pancreas graft function was lost 0.7-2.3 years after rising autoantibody levels in four of these five patients, and a significantly lower pancreas graft survival was found in patients with major rises in either GADA or IA-2A levels (P < 0.0001 vs. the remainder) and in patients having persistently high levels of IA-2A (P = 0.002 vs. stable antibody-negative patients). Kidney graft survival was not associated with islet autoantibody status. In conclusion, a minority of patients receiving pancreas allografts under generalized immunosuppression show a stimulation of islet autoantibody reactivity characteristic of that found in preclinical type 1 diabetes, which is almost invariably followed by graft function failure and resumption of insulin therapy.
- Published
- 2000
18. Heterogeneity of autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome
- Author
-
Giancarlo Comi, Gianvito Martino, Luigi M.E. Grimaldi, Angelo Quattrini, S. Braghi, Emanuele Bosi, Roberto Furlan, Grimaldi, Lme, Martino, Gianvito, Braghi, S, Quattrini, A, Furlan, R, Bosi, Emanuele, and Comi, Giancarlo
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Glutamate decarboxylase ,Immunoblotting ,Neurological disorder ,Stiff-Person Syndrome ,medicine.disease_cause ,Autoimmunity ,Pathogenesis ,Immunoenzyme Techniques ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Autoantibodies ,biology ,Glutamate Decarboxylase ,Autoantibody ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Precipitin Tests ,Anti-thyroid autoantibodies ,Neurology ,Organ Specificity ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Antibody ,Stiff person syndrome - Abstract
Stiff-man syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by skeletal muscle rigidity and spasms in which detection of circulating anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies has suggested an autoimmune pathogenesis. To further define the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis, we studied anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, as well as organ- and non-organ-specific autoantibodies in 13 patients with stiff-man syndrome and 127 patients with other neurological disorders. Thyrogastric antibodies were more frequent in patients with stiff-man syndrome (46%) than in those with other neurological disorders (12%) (p < 0.05). Non-organ-specific antibodies were found at a similar frequency in the patients with stiff-man syndrome (61%) and those with other neurological disorders (65%). Islet-cell autoantibodies and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were more common in stiff-man syndrome patients (38% and 31%) compared to the patients with other neurological disorders (6% and 3%, respectively; p < 0.001). With the exception of 1 patient in the other neurological disorders group, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were always associated with islet-cell autoantibodies. Four patients with stiff-man syndrome had an associated solid tumor: 3 of them had antibodies recognizing a 125/130-kd protein and not glutamic acid decarboxylase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1993
19. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) detected by an immuno-trapping enzyme activity assay: relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and islet cell antibodies
- Author
-
Gian Franco Bottazzo, Marcel Tappaz, S. Braghi, Luigi M.E. Grimaldi, Emanuele Bosi, Nicoletta Dozio, Guido Pozza, Nicola Canal, Gianvito Martino, Martino, Gianvito, Tappaz, Ml, Braghi, S, Dozio, N, Canal, N, Pozza, G, Bottazzo, Gf, Grimaldi, Lme, and Bosi, Emanuele
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Adolescent ,Immunology ,Glutamate decarboxylase ,Thyroglobulin ,Serology ,Autoimmune Diseases ,Immunoenzyme Techniques ,Sex Factors ,Parietal Cells, Gastric ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Pancreas ,Autoantibodies ,Autoimmune disease ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,business.industry ,Glutamate Decarboxylase ,Thyroid ,Autoantibody ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Islet ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
It has recently been proposed that the islet 64,000 Mr protein autoantigen (64K) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). We evaluated, by means of a newly developed immunotrapping enzyme activity assay (ITEAA), the prevalence of circulating GAD-autoantibodies (Ab) in a large population of IDDM patients (n = 168), blood donors (n = 87) and non-diabetic autoimmune patients (n = 40). The latter two groups were used as controls. Overall, GAD-Ab were found in 22% of IDDM patients, but in none of the two control groups (P = 0.007). These specificities were invariably associated with islet cell antibodies (ICA) (31.6% in IDDM with ICA vs 0 in IDDM without ICA, P = 0.0001), and this prevalence was higher in sera with high titer ICA (54.5% in IDDM with ICA > 80 JDF-units vs 22.6% of IDDM with ICA 5–80 JDF units; P = 0.002). Moreover, GAD-Ab were associated with the female sex (P = 0.002) and the concomitant presence of thyroid and/or gastric antibodies (P = 0.002). No correlation was observed between GAD-Ab and age of the patients, duration of IDDM, or associated non-organ specific antibodies. Our study indicates that GAD-Ab measured by ITEAA are: (1) detected in a proportion of IDDM patients; (2) strongly associated with ICA; (3) preferentially found in IDDM female patients with autoimmune polyendocrine serology; and (4) detected with lower frequency than that reported for 64K-Ab in IDDM.
- Published
- 1991
20. Allotransplantation of fresh islets in four type I diabetic patients.
- Author
-
Socci C, Falqui L, Davalli AM, Ricordi C, Bertuzzi F, Braghi S, Maffi P, Secchi A, Gavazzi F, and Freschi M
- Subjects
- Adult, C-Peptide blood, C-Peptide metabolism, Cell Separation methods, Centrifugation, Density Gradient methods, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Islets of Langerhans cytology, Transplantation, Homologous, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 surgery, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation physiology
- Published
- 1992
21. Human islets chronically exposed in vitro to different stimuli become unresponsive to the same stimuli given acutely: evidence supporting specific desensitization rather than beta-cell exhaustion.
- Author
-
Davalli AM, Pontiroli AE, Socci C, Bertuzzi F, Fattor B, Braghi S, Di Carlo V, and Pozza G
- Subjects
- Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Islets of Langerhans cytology, Islets of Langerhans metabolism, Perfusion, Radioimmunoassay, Arginine pharmacology, Glucose pharmacology, Insulin analysis, Islets of Langerhans drug effects, Tolbutamide pharmacology
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long term in vitro exposure of human pancreatic islets to different secretagogues on their subsequent secretory activity. Therefore, groups of 100 islets were cultured for 48 h in standard tissue culture medium (CMRL 1066) in the presence of 1 of the following: 5.5 mmol/L glucose, 16.7 mmol/L glucose, 5.5 mmol/L glucose plus 10 mmol/L L-arginine, or 5.5 mmol/L glucose plus 100 mumol/L tolbutamide. Insulin levels in the culture medium declined with time under all culture conditions. Islets were then perifused and acutely stimulated with glucose (16.7 mmol/L), L-arginine (10 mmol/L), and tolbutamide (100 mumol/L). Islets cultured in 16.7 mmol/L glucose showed no response to 16.7 mmol/L glucose [net area under the curve (delta AUC), 11% of control], and a reduced response to acute tolbutamide (delta AUC, 35% of control), but responded to L-arginine (delta AUC, 75% of control). Islets cultured in the presence of 10 mmol/L L-arginine had reduced responses to glucose (delta AUC, 11% of control) and tolbutamide (delta AUC, 27% of control), but responded to L-arginine (delta AUC, 75% of control). Islets cultured in tolbutamide did not respond to tolbutamide (delta AUC, 14% of control) and showed a reduced responses to acute glucose (delta AUC, 36% of control) and L-arginine (delta AUC, 24% of control). In a second set of experiments, islets cultured in 5.5 or 16.7 mmol/L glucose showed an insulin response to a supramaximal glucose stimulation (30 mmol/L glucose plus 0.5 mmol/L isobutylmethylxanthine) that was not statistically different. Similarly, islets that were cultured in the presence of 100 mumol/L tolbutamide still responded to 1 mmol/L tolbutamide. In conclusion, all stimuli evaluated in this study, chronically applied, reduced the insulin response to further acute stimulations. The different patterns of unresponsiveness observed together with the finding of a preserved insulin content in the islets after perifusions and a maintained capability to release insulin in response to supramaximal stimulations suggest that after chronic exposure to different stimuli, human islets become selectively desensitized to the same stimuli given acutely and do not become exhausted.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) detected by an immuno-trapping enzyme activity assay: relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and islet cell antibodies.
- Author
-
Martino GV, Tappaz ML, Braghi S, Dozio N, Canal N, Pozza G, Bottazzo GF, Grimaldi LM, and Bosi E
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Female, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreas immunology, Parietal Cells, Gastric immunology, Sex Factors, Thyroglobulin immunology, Autoantibodies analysis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 immunology, Glutamate Decarboxylase immunology
- Abstract
It has recently been proposed that the islet 64,000 Mr protein autoantigen (64K) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). We evaluated, by means of a newly developed immunotrapping enzyme activity assay (ITEAA), the prevalence of circulating GAD-autoantibodies (Ab) in a large population of IDDM patients (n = 168), blood donors (n = 87) and non-diabetic autoimmune patients (n = 40). The latter two groups were used as controls. Overall, GAD-Ab were found in 22% of IDDM patients, but in none of the two control groups (P = 0.007). These specificities were invariably associated with islet cell antibodies (ICA) (31.6% in IDDM with ICA vs 0 in IDDM without ICA, P = 0.0001), and this prevalence was higher in sera with high titer ICA (54.5% in IDDM with ICA greater than 80 JDF-units vs 22.6% of IDDM with ICA 5-80 JDF units; P = 0.002). Moreover, GAD-Ab were associated with the female sex (P = 0.002) and the concomitant presence of thyroid and/or gastric antibodies (P = 0.002). No correlation was observed between GAD-Ab and age of the patients, duration of IDDM, or associated non-organ specific antibodies. Our study indicates that GAD-Ab measured by ITEAA are: (1) detected in a proportion of IDDM patients; (2) strongly associated with ICA; (3) preferentially found in IDDM female patients with autoimmune polyendocrine serology; and (4) detected with lower frequency than that reported for 64K-Ab in IDDM.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Abnormal sensitivity to glucose of human islets cultured in a high glucose medium: partial reversibility after an additional culture in a normal glucose medium.
- Author
-
Davalli AM, Ricordi C, Socci C, Braghi S, Bertuzzi F, Fattor B, Di Carlo V, Pontiroli AE, and Pozza G
- Subjects
- Arginine pharmacology, Culture Media, Culture Techniques, Glucose administration & dosage, Humans, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans drug effects, Kinetics, Time Factors, Glucose pharmacology, Insulin metabolism, Islets of Langerhans metabolism
- Abstract
In the experimental animal chronic hyperglycemia alters the islet's sensitivity to glucose. In the present study the glucose sensitivity of human pancreatic islets, isolated and purified, obtained from seven human pancreases using an automated method was evaluated. After a 12-h stabilization period, islets were cultured for 48 h in normal (5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose (16.7 mmol/L) medium. Islets were then perifused to study their insulin response to glucose. Islets cultured in the high glucose medium lost glucose-induced insulin release and, when challenged with an acute fall of glucose concentration in the perifusate, showed a paradoxical insulin release. Insulin release in response to 10 mmol/L L-arginine was preserved in these islets, suggesting a selective reduction of the insulin response to glucose. An additional 48-h culture in 5.5 mmol/L glucose medium partially restored the sensitivity to glucose of the previously unresponsive islets. These findings indicate that short term exposure to high glucose concentrations induces a selective glucose insensitivity of human islets, which can be partially reversed by an additional culture in normal glucose medium.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Application of the automated method to islet isolation in swine.
- Author
-
Ricordi C, Socci C, Davalli AM, Staudacher C, Vertova A, Baro P, Sassi I, Braghi S, Guizzi N, and Pozza G
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Separation methods, Centrifugation, Density Gradient methods, Ficoll, Swine, Islets of Langerhans cytology
- Published
- 1990
25. Selection of donors significantly improves pig islet isolation yield.
- Author
-
Socci C, Ricordi C, Davalli AM, Staudacher C, Baro P, Vertova A, Freschi M, Gavazzi F, Braghi S, and Pozza G
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Count, Cell Separation, Islets of Langerhans growth & development, Swine, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation methods, Tissue Donors
- Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to test the influence of donor age on islet isolation yield in swines. Large White pigs of 10 months (group 1, n = 10) and 2-3 years (group 2, n = 5) were used. A modification of the automated method for human islet isolation was used for pig islet separation. After ductal injection of a collagenase solution (Seromed, type C-1000) the islets were separated through a continuous digestion process. In group 1 it was possible to obtain an average of 636,100 islets (volume = 476.1 mm3, insulin content = 101.4 Units). In group 2 the average total islet number was 799,800 representing a volume of 1190.6 mm3 (Insulin content 210 Units). Total islet number was not significantly different in the two groups, however when islet volume and total insulin content were considered, older animals allowed a significantly higher yield (P less than 0.01 for volume and P less than 0.05 for insulin content). These findings indicate that it is possible to separate large number of pig islets from both young (10 months) and older (2-3 years) animals and that selection of donor pigs will improve islet isolation yield. These results may be of assistance in the definition of requirements for more effective islet isolation in swines.
- Published
- 1990
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