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47,093 results on '"Bradbury, A."'

1. Beyond Security-by-design: Securing a compromised system

Author

Rashid, Awais, Belguith, Sana, Bradbury, Matthew, Creese, Sadie, Flechais, Ivan, and Suri, Neeraj

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

Digital infrastructures are seeing convergence and connectivity at unprecedented scale. This is true for both current critical national infrastructures and emerging future systems that are highly cyber-physical in nature with complex intersections between humans and technologies, e.g., smart cities, intelligent transportation, high-value manufacturing and Industry 4.0. Diverse legacy and non-legacy software systems underpinned by heterogeneous hardware compose on-the-fly to deliver services to millions of users with varying requirements and unpredictable actions. This complexity is compounded by intricate and complicated supply-chains with many digital assets and services outsourced to third parties. The reality is that, at any particular point in time, there will be untrusted, partially-trusted or compromised elements across the infrastructure. Given this reality, and the societal scale of digital infrastructures, delivering secure and resilient operations is a major challenge. We argue that this requires us to move beyond the paradigm of security-by-design and embrace the challenge of securing-a-compromised-system., Comment: Article for the Rossfest Symposium in memory of Ross Anderson, Cambridge, UK, 25 March 2025

Published
2025

2. Addressing Data Leakage in HumanEval Using Combinatorial Test Design

Author

Bradbury, Jeremy S. and More, Riddhi

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, I.2.7, D.2.5, I.2.2
Abstract

The use of large language models (LLMs) is widespread across many domains, including Software Engineering, where they have been used to automate tasks such as program generation and test classification. As LLM-based methods continue to evolve, it is important that we define clear and robust methods that fairly evaluate performance. Benchmarks are a common approach to assess LLMs with respect to their ability to solve problem-specific tasks as well as assess different versions of an LLM to solve tasks over time. For example, the HumanEval benchmark is composed of 164 hand-crafted tasks and has become an important tool in assessing LLM-based program generation. However, a major barrier to a fair evaluation of LLMs using benchmarks like HumanEval is data contamination resulting from data leakage of benchmark tasks and solutions into the training data set. This barrier is compounded by the black-box nature of LLM training data which makes it difficult to even know if data leakage has occurred. To address the data leakage problem, we propose a new benchmark construction method where a benchmark is composed of template tasks that can be instantiated into new concrete tasks using combinatorial test design. Concrete tasks for the same template task must be different enough that data leakage has minimal impact and similar enough that the tasks are interchangeable with respect to performance evaluation. To assess our benchmark construction method, we propose HumanEval_T, an alternative benchmark to HumanEval that was constructed using template tasks and combinatorial test design., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

3. High-Spin State Dynamics and Quintet-Mediated Emission in Intramolecular Singlet Fission

Author

Grüne, Jeannine, Montanaro, Steph, Bradbury, Thomas W., Sharma, Ashish, Dowland, Simon, Gorgon, Sebastian, Millington, Oliver, Myers, William K., Behrends, Jan, Clark, Jenny, Rao, Akshay, Bronstein, Hugo, and Greenham, Neil C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

High-spin states in molecular systems hold significant interest for a wide range of applications ranging from optoelectronics to quantum information and singlet fission (SF). Quintet and triplet states play crucial roles, particularly in SF systems, necessitating a precise monitoring and control of their spin dynamics. Spin states in intramolecular SF (iSF) are of particular interest, but tuning these systems to control triplet multiplication pathways has not been extensively studied. Additionally, whilst studies in this context focus on participation of triplet pathways leading to photoluminescence, emission pathways via quintet states remain largely unexplored. Here, we employ a set of unique spin-sensitive techniques to investigate high-spin state formation and emission in dimers and trimers comprising multiple diphenylhexatriene (DPH) units. We demonstrate the formation of pure quintet states in all these oligomers, with optical emission via quintet states dominating delayed fluorescence up to room temperature. For triplet formation, we distinguish between SF and ISC pathways, identifying the trimer Me-(DPH)$_3$ as the only oligomer exhibiting exclusively the desired SF pathways. Conversely, linear (DPH)$_3$ and (DPH)$_2$ show additional or exclusive triplet pathways via ISC. Our comprehensive analysis provides a detailed investigation into high-spin state formation, control, and emission in intramolecular singlet fission systems.

Published
2024

4. Antibody characterization is critical to enhance reproducibility in biomedical research.

Author

Kahn, Richard, Virk, Harvinder, Laflamme, Carl, Houston, Douglas, Polinski, Nicole, Meijers, Rob, Levey, Allan, Saper, Clifford, Errington, Timothy, Turn, Rachel, Bandrowski, Anita, Trimmer, James, Rego, Meghan, Freedman, Leonard, Ferrara, Fortunato, Bradbury, Andrew, Cable, Hannah, and Longworth, Skye

Subjects
RRID, YCharOS, antibody characterization, antibody validation, cell biology, immunology, inflammation, none, renewables, reproducibility, Biomedical Research, Reproducibility of Results, Humans, Antibodies, Animals
Abstract

Antibodies are used in many areas of biomedical and clinical research, but many of these antibodies have not been adequately characterized, which casts doubt on the results reported in many scientific papers. This problem is compounded by a lack of suitable control experiments in many studies. In this article we review the history of the antibody characterization crisis, and we document efforts and initiatives to address the problem, notably for antibodies that target human proteins. We also present recommendations for a range of stakeholders - researchers, universities, journals, antibody vendors and repositories, scientific societies and funders - to increase the reproducibility of studies that rely on antibodies.

Published
2024

5. Probing the Magnetised Gas Distribution in Galaxy Groups and the Cosmic Web with POSSUM Faraday Rotation Measures

Author

Anderson, Craig S., McClure-Griffiths, N. M., Rudnick, L., Gaensler, B. M., O'Sullivan, S. P., Bradbury, S., Akahori, T., Baidoo, L., Bruggen, M., Carretti, E., Duchesne, S., Heald, G., Jung, S. L., Kaczmarek, J., Leahy, D., Loi, F., Ma, Y. K., Osinga, E., Seta, A., Stuardi, C., Thomson, A. J. M., Van Eck, C., Vernstrom, T., and West, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present initial results from the Polarisation Sky Survey of the Universe's Magnetism (POSSUM), analysing 22,817 Faraday Rotation Measures (RMs) with median uncertainties of 1.2 rad m^-2 across 1,520 square degrees to study magnetised gas associated with 55 nearby galaxy groups (z less than 0.025) with halo masses between 10^12.5 and 10^14.0 M_sun. We identify two distinct gas phases: the Intragroup Medium (IGrM) within 0-2 splashback radii and the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) extending from 2 to 7 splashback radii. These phases enhance the standard deviation of residual (i.e., Galactic foreground RM-subtracted) RMs by 6.9 +/- 1.8 rad m^-2 and 4.2 +/- 1.2 rad m^-2, respectively. Estimated magnetic field strengths are several microGauss within the IGrM and 0.1-1 microGauss in the WHIM. We estimate the plasma beta in both phases and show that magnetic pressure might be more dynamically important than in the ICM of more massive clusters or sparse cosmic web filaments. Our findings indicate that "missing baryons" in the WHIM likely extend beyond the gravitational radii of group-mass halos to Mpc scales, consistent with large-scale, outflow-driven "magnetised bubbles" seen in cosmological simulations. We demonstrate that RM grids are an effective method for detecting magnetised thermal gas at galaxy group interfaces and within the cosmic web. This approach complements X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect methods, and when combined with Fast Radio Burst Dispersion Measures, data from the full POSSUM survey, comprising approximately a million RMs, will allow direct magnetic field measurements to further our understanding of baryon circulation in these environments and the magnetised universe., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2024

6. No more gap-shifting: Stochastic many-body-theory based TDHF for accurate theory of polymethine cyanine dyes

Author

Bradbury, Nadine C., Li, Barry Y., Allen, Tucker, Caram, Justin R., and Neuhauser, Daniel

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We introduce an individually fitted screened-exchange interaction for the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) method and show that it resolves the missing binding energies in polymethine organic dye molecules compared to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The interaction kernel, which can be thought as a dielectric function, is generated by stochastic fitting to the screened-Coulomb interaction of many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), specific to each system. We test our method on the flavylium (Flav) and indocyanine green (ICG) dye families with a modifiable length of the polymethine bridge, leading to excitations ranging from the visible to short-wave infrared (SWIR). Our approach validates earlier observations on the importance of inclusion of medium range exchange for the exciton binding energy. Our resulting method, TDHF@$v_W$, also achieves a mean absolute error on par with MBPT at a computational cost on par with local-functional TDDFT., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

11. A translational framework to DELIVER nanomedicines to the clinic

Author

Joyce, Paul, Allen, Christine J., Alonso, María José, Ashford, Marianne, Bradbury, Michelle S., Germain, Matthieu, Kavallaris, Maria, Langer, Robert, Lammers, Twan, Peracchia, Maria Teresa, Popat, Amirali, Prestidge, Clive A., Rijcken, Cristianne J. F., Sarmento, Bruno, Schmid, Ruth B., Schroeder, Avi, Subramaniam, Santhni, Thorn, Chelsea R., Whitehead, Kathryn A., Zhao, Chun-Xia, and Santos, Hélder A.

Published
2024
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12. A genome-wide association analysis reveals new pathogenic pathways in gout

Author

Major, Tanya J., Takei, Riku, Matsuo, Hirotaka, Leask, Megan P., Sumpter, Nicholas A., Topless, Ruth K., Shirai, Yuya, Wang, Wei, Cadzow, Murray J., Phipps-Green, Amanda J., Li, Zhiqiang, Ji, Aichang, Merriman, Marilyn E., Morice, Emily, Kelley, Eric E., Wei, Wen-Hua, McCormick, Sally P. A., Bixley, Matthew J., Reynolds, Richard J., Saag, Kenneth G., Fadason, Tayaza, Golovina, Evgenia, O’Sullivan, Justin M., Stamp, Lisa K., Dalbeth, Nicola, Abhishek, Abhishek, Doherty, Michael, Roddy, Edward, Jacobsson, Lennart T. H., Kapetanovic, Meliha C., Melander, Olle, Andrés, Mariano, Pérez-Ruiz, Fernando, Torres, Rosa J., Radstake, Timothy, Jansen, Timothy L., Janssen, Matthijs, Joosten, Leo A. B., Liu, Ruiqi, Gaal, Orsolya I., Crişan, Tania O., Rednic, Simona, Kurreeman, Fina, Huizinga, Tom W. J., Toes, René, Lioté, Frédéric, Richette, Pascal, Bardin, Thomas, Ea, Hang Korng, Pascart, Tristan, McCarthy, Geraldine M., Helbert, Laura, Stibůrková, Blanka, Tausche, Anne-K., Uhlig, Till, Vitart, Véronique, Boutin, Thibaud S., Hayward, Caroline, Riches, Philip L., Ralston, Stuart H., Campbell, Archie, MacDonald, Thomas M., Nakayama, Akiyoshi, Takada, Tappei, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Shimizu, Seiko, Kawamura, Yusuke, Toyoda, Yu, Nakaoka, Hirofumi, Yamamoto, Ken, Matsuo, Keitaro, Shinomiya, Nariyoshi, Ichida, Kimiyoshi, Lee, Chaeyoung, Bradbury, Linda A., Brown, Matthew A., Robinson, Philip C., Buchanan, Russell R. C., Hill, Catherine L., Lester, Susan, Smith, Malcolm D., Rischmueller, Maureen, Choi, Hyon K., Stahl, Eli A., Miner, Jeff N., Solomon, Daniel H., Cui, Jing, Giacomini, Kathleen M., Brackman, Deanna J., Jorgenson, Eric M., Liu, Hongbo, Susztak, Katalin, Shringarpure, Suyash, So, Alexander, Okada, Yukinori, Li, Changgui, Shi, Yongyong, and Merriman, Tony R.

Published
2024
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13. AIntibody: an experimentally validated in silico antibody discovery design challenge

Author

Erasmus, M. Frank, Spector, Laura, Ferrara, Fortunato, DiNiro, Roberto, Pohl, Thomas J., Perea-Schmittle, Katheryn, Wang, Wei, Tessier, Peter M., Richardson, Crystal, Turner, Laure, Kumar, Sumit, Bedinger, Daniel, Sormanni, Pietro, Fernández-Quintero, Monica L., Ward, Andrew B., Loeffler, Johannes R., Swanson, Olivia M., Deane, Charlotte M., Raybould, Matthew I. J., Evers, Andreas, Sellmann, Carolin, Bachas, Sharrol, Ruffolo, Jeff, Nastri, Horacio G., Ramesh, Karthik, Sørensen, Jesper, Croasdale-Wood, Rebecca, Hijano, Oliver, Leal-Lopes, Camila, Shahsavarian, Melody, Qiu, Yu, Marcatili, Paolo, Vernet, Erik, Akbar, Rahmad, Friedensohn, Simon, Wagner, Rick, Kurella, Vinodh babu, Malhotra, Shipra, Kumar, Satyendra, Kidger, Patrick, Almagro, Juan C., Furfine, Eric, Stanton, Marty, Graff, Christilyn P., Villalba, Santiago David, Tomszak, Florian, Teixeira, Andre A. R., Hopkins, Elizabeth, Dovner, Molly, D’Angelo, Sara, and Bradbury, Andrew R. M.

Published
2024
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14. Paired Diffusion: Generation of related, synthetic PET-CT-Segmentation scans using Linked Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models

Author

Bradbury, Rowan, Vallis, Katherine A., and Papiez, Bartlomiej W.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in biomedical imaging and radiotherapy is hindered by the limited availability of large imaging data repositories. With recent research and improvements in denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM), high quality synthetic medical scans are now possible. Despite this, there is currently no way of generating multiple related images, such as a corresponding ground truth which can be used to train models, so synthetic scans are often manually annotated before use. This research introduces a novel architecture that is able to generate multiple, related PET-CT-tumour mask pairs using paired networks and conditional encoders. Our approach includes innovative, time step-controlled mechanisms and a `noise-seeding' strategy to improve DDPM sampling consistency. While our model requires a modified perceptual loss function to ensure accurate feature alignment we show generation of clearly aligned synthetic images and improvement in segmentation accuracy with generated images., Comment: to be published in IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2024

Published
2024

15. Sparse-Stochastic Fragmented Exchange for Large-Scale Hybrid TDDFT Calculations

Author

Sereda, Mykola, Allen, Tucker, Bradbury, Nadine C., Ibrahim, Khaled Z., and Neuhauser, Daniel

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We extend our recently developed sparse-stochastic fragmented exchange formalism for ground-state hybrid DFT (ngH-DFT) to calculate absorption spectra within linear-response time-dependent Generalized Kohn-Sham DFT (LR-GKS-TDDFT), for systems consisting of thousands of valence electrons within a grid-based/plane-wave representation. A mixed deterministic/fragmented-stochastic compression of the exchange kernel, here using long-range explicit exchange functionals, provides an efficient method for accurate optical spectra. Both real-time propagation as well frequency-resolved Casida-equation-type approaches for spectra are presented, and the method is applied to large molecular dyes., Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures. First two authors are equal contributors to this work and designated as co-first authors

Published
2024

17. Sparse-Stochastic Fragmented Exchange for Large-Scale Hybrid Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations

Author

Sereda, Mykola, Allen, Tucker, Bradbury, Nadine C, Ibrahim, Khaled Z, and Neuhauser, Daniel

Subjects
Chemical Sciences, Physical Chemistry, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Computer Software, Chemical Physics, Physical chemistry, Theoretical and computational chemistry
Abstract

We extend our recently developed sparse-stochastic fragmented exchange formalism for ground-state near-gap hybrid DFT to calculate absorption spectra within linear-response time-dependent generalized Kohn-Sham DFT (LR-GKS-TDDFT) for systems consisting of thousands of valence electrons within a grid-based/plane-wave representation. A mixed deterministic/fragmented-stochastic compression of the exchange kernel, here using long-range explicit exchange functionals, provides an efficient method for accurate optical spectra. Both real-time propagation as well as frequency-resolved Casida-equation-type approaches for spectra are presented, and the method is applied to large molecular dyes.

Published
2024

18. Investigating genomic prediction strategies for grain carotenoid traits in a tropical/subtropical maize panel.

Author

LaPorte, Mary-Francis, Suwarno, Willy, Hannok, Pattama, Koide, Akiyoshi, Bradbury, Peter, Crossa, José, Palacios-Rojas, Natalia, and Diepenbrock, Christine

Subjects
biofortification, carotenoids, genomic prediction, maize, provitamin A, Zea mays, Carotenoids, Genomics, Edible Grain, Phenotype, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Genome, Plant, Quantitative Trait Loci, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

Vitamin A deficiency remains prevalent on a global scale, including in regions where maize constitutes a high percentage of human diets. One solution for alleviating this deficiency has been to increase grain concentrations of provitamin A carotenoids in maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.)-an example of biofortification. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) developed a Carotenoid Association Mapping panel of 380 inbred lines adapted to tropical and subtropical environments that have varying grain concentrations of provitamin A and other health-beneficial carotenoids. Several major genes have been identified for these traits, 2 of which have particularly been leveraged in marker-assisted selection. This project assesses the predictive ability of several genomic prediction strategies for maize grain carotenoid traits within and between 4 environments in Mexico. Ridge Regression-Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, Elastic Net, and Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces had high predictive abilities for all tested traits (β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, provitamin A, lutein, and zeaxanthin) and outperformed Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator. Furthermore, predictive abilities were higher when using genome-wide markers rather than only the markers proximal to 2 or 13 genes. These findings suggest that genomic prediction models using genome-wide markers (and assuming equal variance of marker effects) are worthwhile for these traits even though key genes have already been identified, especially if breeding for additional grain carotenoid traits alongside β-carotene. Predictive ability was maintained for all traits except lutein in between-environment prediction. The TASSEL (Trait Analysis by aSSociation, Evolution, and Linkage) Genomic Selection plugin performed as well as other more computationally intensive methods for within-environment prediction. The findings observed herein indicate the utility of genomic prediction methods for these traits and could inform their resource-efficient implementation in biofortification breeding programs.

Published
2024

19. Water, Water Everywhere: The challenge of hooking hydrology into homes

Author

Bradbury, Jamey

Subjects
Water utilities -- Services, Drinking water -- Forecasts and trends, Residential water supply -- Forecasts and trends, Water -- Distribution, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Business, regional
Abstract

Alaskans can be water snobs. While parts of the Lower 48 fight for access to clean and safe drinking water, the Upper 1 boasts nearly 3 million lakes, 12,000 rivers, [...]

Published
2024

20. BCL11A intellectual developmental disorder: defining the clinical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations

Author

Peron, Angela, D’Arco, Felice, Aldinger, Kimberly A., Smith-Hicks, Constance, Zweier, Christiane, Gradek, Gyri A., Bradbury, Kimberley, Accogli, Andrea, Andersen, Erica F., Au, Ping Yee Billie, Battini, Roberta, Beleford, Daniah, Bird, Lynne M., Bouman, Arjan, Bruel, Ange-Line, Busk, Øyvind Løvold, Campeau, Philippe M., Capra, Valeria, Carlston, Colleen, Carmichael, Jenny, Chassevent, Anna, Clayton-Smith, Jill, Bamshad, Michael J., Earl, Dawn L., Faivre, Laurence, Philippe, Christophe, Ferreira, Patrick, Graul-Neumann, Luitgard, Green, Mary J., Haffner, Darrah, Haldipur, Parthiv, Hanna, Suhair, Houge, Gunnar, Jones, Wendy D., Kraus, Cornelia, Kristiansen, Birgit Elisabeth, Lespinasse, James, Low, Karen J., Lynch, Sally Ann, Maia, Sofia, Mao, Rong, Kalinauskiene, Ruta, Melver, Catherine, McDonald, Kimberly, Montgomery, Tara, Morleo, Manuela, Motter, Constance, Openshaw, Amanda S., Palumbos, Janice Cox, Parikh, Aditi Shah, Perilla-Young, Yezmin, Powell, Cynthia M., Person, Richard, Desai, Megha, Piard, Juliette, Pfundt, Rolph, Scala, Marcello, Serey-Gaut, Margaux, Shears, Deborah, Slavotinek, Anne, Suri, Mohnish, Turner, Claire, Tvrdik, Tatiana, Weiss, Karin, Wentzensen, Ingrid M., Zollino, Marcella, Hsieh, Tzung-Chien, de Vries, Bert B. A., Guillemot, Francois, Dobyns, William B., Viskochil, David, and Dias, Cristina

Published
2024
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22. Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Author

Gemini Team, Anil, Rohan, Borgeaud, Sebastian, Alayrac, Jean-Baptiste, Yu, Jiahui, Soricut, Radu, Schalkwyk, Johan, Dai, Andrew M., Hauth, Anja, Millican, Katie, Silver, David, Johnson, Melvin, Antonoglou, Ioannis, Schrittwieser, Julian, Glaese, Amelia, Chen, Jilin, Pitler, Emily, Lillicrap, Timothy, Lazaridou, Angeliki, Firat, Orhan, Molloy, James, Isard, Michael, Barham, Paul R., Hennigan, Tom, Lee, Benjamin, Viola, Fabio, Reynolds, Malcolm, Xu, Yuanzhong, Doherty, Ryan, Collins, Eli, Meyer, Clemens, Rutherford, Eliza, Moreira, Erica, Ayoub, Kareem, Goel, Megha, Krawczyk, Jack, Du, Cosmo, Chi, Ed, Cheng, Heng-Tze, Ni, Eric, Shah, Purvi, Kane, Patrick, Chan, Betty, Faruqui, Manaal, Severyn, Aliaksei, Lin, Hanzhao, Li, YaGuang, Cheng, Yong, Ittycheriah, Abe, Mahdieh, Mahdis, Chen, Mia, Sun, Pei, Tran, Dustin, Bagri, Sumit, Lakshminarayanan, Balaji, Liu, Jeremiah, Orban, Andras, Güra, Fabian, Zhou, Hao, Song, Xinying, Boffy, Aurelien, Ganapathy, Harish, Zheng, Steven, Choe, HyunJeong, Weisz, Ágoston, Zhu, Tao, Lu, Yifeng, Gopal, Siddharth, Kahn, Jarrod, Kula, Maciej, Pitman, Jeff, Shah, Rushin, Taropa, Emanuel, Merey, Majd Al, Baeuml, Martin, Chen, Zhifeng, Shafey, Laurent El, Zhang, Yujing, Sercinoglu, Olcan, Tucker, George, Piqueras, Enrique, Krikun, Maxim, Barr, Iain, Savinov, Nikolay, Danihelka, Ivo, Roelofs, Becca, White, Anaïs, Andreassen, Anders, von Glehn, Tamara, Yagati, Lakshman, Kazemi, Mehran, Gonzalez, Lucas, Khalman, Misha, Sygnowski, Jakub, Frechette, Alexandre, Smith, Charlotte, Culp, Laura, Proleev, Lev, Luan, Yi, Chen, Xi, Lottes, James, Schucher, Nathan, Lebron, Federico, Rrustemi, Alban, Clay, Natalie, Crone, Phil, Kocisky, Tomas, Zhao, Jeffrey, Perz, Bartek, Yu, Dian, Howard, Heidi, Bloniarz, Adam, Rae, Jack W., Lu, Han, Sifre, Laurent, Maggioni, Marcello, Alcober, Fred, Garrette, Dan, Barnes, Megan, Thakoor, Shantanu, Austin, Jacob, Barth-Maron, Gabriel, Wong, William, Joshi, Rishabh, Chaabouni, Rahma, Fatiha, Deeni, Ahuja, Arun, Tomar, Gaurav Singh, Senter, Evan, Chadwick, Martin, Kornakov, Ilya, Attaluri, Nithya, Iturrate, Iñaki, Liu, Ruibo, Li, Yunxuan, Cogan, Sarah, Chen, Jeremy, Jia, Chao, Gu, Chenjie, Zhang, Qiao, Grimstad, Jordan, Hartman, Ale Jakse, Garcia, Xavier, Pillai, Thanumalayan Sankaranarayana, Devlin, Jacob, Laskin, Michael, Casas, Diego de Las, Valter, Dasha, Tao, Connie, Blanco, Lorenzo, Badia, Adrià Puigdomènech, Reitter, David, Chen, Mianna, Brennan, Jenny, Rivera, Clara, Brin, Sergey, Iqbal, Shariq, Surita, Gabriela, Labanowski, Jane, Rao, Abhi, Winkler, Stephanie, Parisotto, Emilio, Gu, Yiming, Olszewska, Kate, Addanki, Ravi, Miech, Antoine, Louis, Annie, Teplyashin, Denis, Brown, Geoff, Catt, Elliot, Balaguer, Jan, Xiang, Jackie, Wang, Pidong, Ashwood, Zoe, Briukhov, Anton, Webson, Albert, Ganapathy, Sanjay, Sanghavi, Smit, Kannan, Ajay, Chang, Ming-Wei, Stjerngren, Axel, Djolonga, Josip, Sun, Yuting, Bapna, Ankur, Aitchison, Matthew, Pejman, Pedram, Michalewski, Henryk, Yu, Tianhe, Wang, Cindy, Love, Juliette, Ahn, Junwhan, Bloxwich, Dawn, Han, Kehang, Humphreys, Peter, Sellam, Thibault, Bradbury, James, Godbole, Varun, Samangooei, Sina, Damoc, Bogdan, Kaskasoli, Alex, Arnold, Sébastien M. R., Vasudevan, Vijay, Agrawal, Shubham, Riesa, Jason, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Tanburn, Richard, Srinivasan, Srivatsan, Lim, Hyeontaek, Hodkinson, Sarah, Shyam, Pranav, Ferret, Johan, Hand, Steven, Garg, Ankush, Paine, Tom Le, Li, Jian, Li, Yujia, Giang, Minh, Neitz, Alexander, Abbas, Zaheer, York, Sarah, Reid, Machel, Cole, Elizabeth, Chowdhery, Aakanksha, Das, Dipanjan, Rogozińska, Dominika, Nikolaev, Vitaliy, Sprechmann, Pablo, Nado, Zachary, Zilka, Lukas, Prost, Flavien, He, Luheng, Monteiro, Marianne, Mishra, Gaurav, Welty, Chris, Newlan, Josh, Jia, Dawei, Allamanis, Miltiadis, Hu, Clara Huiyi, de Liedekerke, Raoul, Gilmer, Justin, Saroufim, Carl, Rijhwani, Shruti, Hou, Shaobo, Shrivastava, Disha, Baddepudi, Anirudh, Goldin, Alex, Ozturel, Adnan, Cassirer, Albin, Xu, Yunhan, Sohn, Daniel, Sachan, Devendra, Amplayo, Reinald Kim, Swanson, Craig, Petrova, Dessie, Narayan, Shashi, Guez, Arthur, Brahma, Siddhartha, Landon, Jessica, Patel, Miteyan, Zhao, Ruizhe, Villela, Kevin, Wang, Luyu, Jia, Wenhao, Rahtz, Matthew, Giménez, Mai, Yeung, Legg, Keeling, James, Georgiev, Petko, Mincu, Diana, Wu, Boxi, Haykal, Salem, Saputro, Rachel, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Qin, James, Cankara, Zeynep, Sharma, Abhanshu, Fernando, Nick, Hawkins, Will, Neyshabur, Behnam, Kim, Solomon, Hutter, Adrian, Agrawal, Priyanka, Castro-Ros, Alex, Driessche, George van den, Wang, Tao, Yang, Fan, Chang, Shuo-yiin, Komarek, Paul, McIlroy, Ross, Lučić, Mario, Zhang, Guodong, Farhan, Wael, Sharman, Michael, Natsev, Paul, Michel, Paul, Bansal, Yamini, Qiao, Siyuan, Cao, Kris, Shakeri, Siamak, Butterfield, Christina, Chung, Justin, Rubenstein, Paul Kishan, Agrawal, Shivani, Mensch, Arthur, Soparkar, Kedar, Lenc, Karel, Chung, Timothy, Pope, Aedan, Maggiore, Loren, Kay, Jackie, Jhakra, Priya, Wang, Shibo, Maynez, Joshua, Phuong, Mary, Tobin, Taylor, Tacchetti, Andrea, Trebacz, Maja, Robinson, Kevin, Katariya, Yash, Riedel, Sebastian, Bailey, Paige, Xiao, Kefan, Ghelani, Nimesh, Aroyo, Lora, Slone, Ambrose, Houlsby, Neil, Xiong, Xuehan, Yang, Zhen, Gribovskaya, Elena, Adler, Jonas, Wirth, Mateo, Lee, Lisa, Li, Music, Kagohara, Thais, Pavagadhi, Jay, Bridgers, Sophie, Bortsova, Anna, Ghemawat, Sanjay, Ahmed, Zafarali, Liu, Tianqi, Powell, Richard, Bolina, Vijay, Iinuma, Mariko, Zablotskaia, Polina, Besley, James, Chung, Da-Woon, Dozat, Timothy, Comanescu, Ramona, Si, Xiance, Greer, Jeremy, Su, Guolong, Polacek, Martin, Kaufman, Raphaël Lopez, Tokumine, Simon, Hu, Hexiang, Buchatskaya, Elena, Miao, Yingjie, Elhawaty, Mohamed, Siddhant, Aditya, Tomasev, Nenad, Xing, Jinwei, Greer, Christina, Miller, Helen, Ashraf, Shereen, Roy, Aurko, Zhang, Zizhao, Ma, Ada, Filos, Angelos, Besta, Milos, Blevins, Rory, Klimenko, Ted, Yeh, Chih-Kuan, Changpinyo, Soravit, Mu, Jiaqi, Chang, Oscar, Pajarskas, Mantas, Muir, Carrie, Cohen, Vered, Lan, Charline Le, Haridasan, Krishna, Marathe, Amit, Hansen, Steven, Douglas, Sholto, Samuel, Rajkumar, Wang, Mingqiu, Austin, Sophia, Lan, Chang, Jiang, Jiepu, Chiu, 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Yang, Eichenbaum, Ali, Brovelli, Thomas, Potluri, Sahitya, Lahoti, Preethi, Baetu, Cip, Ghorbani, Ali, Chen, Charles, Crawford, Andy, Pal, Shalini, Sridhar, Mukund, Gurita, Petru, Mujika, Asier, Petrovski, Igor, Cedoz, Pierre-Louis, Li, Chenmei, Chen, Shiyuan, Santo, Niccolò Dal, Goyal, Siddharth, Punjabi, Jitesh, Kappaganthu, Karthik, Kwak, Chester, LV, Pallavi, Velury, Sarmishta, Choudhury, Himadri, Hall, Jamie, Shah, Premal, Figueira, Ricardo, Thomas, Matt, Lu, Minjie, Zhou, Ting, Kumar, Chintu, Jurdi, Thomas, Chikkerur, Sharat, Ma, Yenai, Yu, Adams, Kwak, Soo, Ähdel, Victor, Rajayogam, Sujeevan, Choma, Travis, Liu, Fei, Barua, Aditya, Ji, Colin, Park, Ji Ho, Hellendoorn, Vincent, Bailey, Alex, Bilal, Taylan, Zhou, Huanjie, Khatir, Mehrdad, Sutton, Charles, Rzadkowski, Wojciech, Macintosh, Fiona, Shagin, Konstantin, Medina, Paul, Liang, Chen, Zhou, Jinjing, Shah, Pararth, Bi, Yingying, Dankovics, Attila, Banga, Shipra, Lehmann, Sabine, Bredesen, Marissa, Lin, Zifan, Hoffmann, John Eric, Lai, Jonathan, Chung, Raynald, Yang, Kai, Balani, Nihal, Bražinskas, Arthur, Sozanschi, Andrei, Hayes, Matthew, Alcalde, Héctor Fernández, Makarov, Peter, Chen, Will, Stella, Antonio, Snijders, Liselotte, Mandl, Michael, Kärrman, Ante, Nowak, Paweł, Wu, Xinyi, Dyck, Alex, Vaidyanathan, Krishnan, R, Raghavender, Mallet, Jessica, Rudominer, Mitch, Johnston, Eric, Mittal, Sushil, Udathu, Akhil, Christensen, Janara, Verma, Vishal, Irving, Zach, Santucci, Andreas, Elsayed, Gamaleldin, Davoodi, Elnaz, Georgiev, Marin, Tenney, Ian, Hua, Nan, Cideron, Geoffrey, Leurent, Edouard, Alnahlawi, Mahmoud, Georgescu, Ionut, Wei, Nan, Zheng, Ivy, Scandinaro, Dylan, Jiang, Heinrich, Snoek, Jasper, Sundararajan, Mukund, Wang, Xuezhi, Ontiveros, Zack, Karo, Itay, Cole, Jeremy, Rajashekhar, Vinu, Tumeh, Lara, Ben-David, Eyal, Jain, Rishub, Uesato, Jonathan, Datta, Romina, Bunyan, Oskar, Wu, Shimu, Zhang, John, Stanczyk, Piotr, Zhang, Ye, Steiner, David, Naskar, Subhajit, Azzam, Michael, Johnson, Matthew, Paszke, Adam, Chiu, Chung-Cheng, Elias, Jaume Sanchez, Mohiuddin, Afroz, Muhammad, Faizan, Miao, Jin, Lee, Andrew, Vieillard, Nino, Park, Jane, Zhang, Jiageng, Stanway, Jeff, Garmon, Drew, Karmarkar, Abhijit, Dong, Zhe, Lee, Jong, Kumar, Aviral, Zhou, Luowei, Evens, Jonathan, Isaac, William, Irving, Geoffrey, Loper, Edward, Fink, Michael, Arkatkar, Isha, Chen, Nanxin, Shafran, Izhak, Petrychenko, Ivan, Chen, Zhe, Jia, Johnson, Levskaya, Anselm, Zhu, Zhenkai, Grabowski, Peter, Mao, Yu, Magni, Alberto, Yao, Kaisheng, Snaider, Javier, Casagrande, Norman, Palmer, Evan, Suganthan, Paul, Castaño, Alfonso, Giannoumis, Irene, Kim, Wooyeol, Rybiński, Mikołaj, Sreevatsa, Ashwin, Prendki, Jennifer, Soergel, David, Goedeckemeyer, Adrian, Gierke, Willi, Jafari, Mohsen, Gaba, Meenu, Wiesner, Jeremy, Wright, Diana Gage, Wei, Yawen, Vashisht, Harsha, Kulizhskaya, Yana, Hoover, Jay, Le, Maigo, Li, Lu, Iwuanyanwu, Chimezie, Liu, Lu, Ramirez, Kevin, Khorlin, Andrey, Cui, Albert, LIN, Tian, Wu, Marcus, Aguilar, Ricardo, Pallo, Keith, Chakladar, Abhishek, Perng, Ginger, Abellan, Elena Allica, Zhang, Mingyang, Dasgupta, Ishita, Kushman, Nate, Penchev, Ivo, Repina, Alena, Wu, Xihui, van der Weide, Tom, Ponnapalli, Priya, Kaplan, Caroline, Simsa, Jiri, Li, Shuangfeng, Dousse, Olivier, Piper, Jeff, Ie, Nathan, Pasumarthi, Rama, Lintz, Nathan, Vijayakumar, Anitha, Andor, Daniel, Valenzuela, Pedro, Lui, Minnie, Paduraru, Cosmin, Peng, Daiyi, Lee, Katherine, Zhang, Shuyuan, Greene, Somer, Nguyen, Duc Dung, Kurylowicz, Paula, Hardin, Cassidy, Dixon, Lucas, Janzer, Lili, Choo, Kiam, Feng, Ziqiang, Zhang, Biao, Singhal, Achintya, Du, Dayou, McKinnon, Dan, Antropova, Natasha, Bolukbasi, Tolga, Keller, Orgad, Reid, David, Finchelstein, Daniel, Raad, Maria Abi, Crocker, Remi, Hawkins, Peter, Dadashi, Robert, Gaffney, Colin, Franko, Ken, Bulanova, Anna, Leblond, Rémi, Chung, Shirley, Askham, Harry, Cobo, Luis C., Xu, Kelvin, Fischer, Felix, Xu, Jun, Sorokin, Christina, Alberti, Chris, Lin, Chu-Cheng, Evans, Colin, Dimitriev, Alek, Forbes, Hannah, Banarse, Dylan, Tung, Zora, Omernick, Mark, Bishop, Colton, Sterneck, Rachel, Jain, Rohan, Xia, Jiawei, Amid, Ehsan, Piccinno, Francesco, Wang, Xingyu, Banzal, Praseem, Mankowitz, Daniel J., Polozov, Alex, Krakovna, Victoria, Brown, Sasha, Bateni, MohammadHossein, Duan, Dennis, Firoiu, Vlad, Thotakuri, Meghana, Natan, Tom, Geist, Matthieu, Girgin, Ser tan, Li, Hui, Ye, Jiayu, Roval, Ofir, Tojo, Reiko, Kwong, Michael, Lee-Thorp, James, Yew, Christopher, Sinopalnikov, Danila, Ramos, Sabela, Mellor, John, Sharma, Abhishek, Wu, Kathy, Miller, David, Sonnerat, Nicolas, Vnukov, Denis, Greig, Rory, Beattie, Jennifer, Caveness, Emily, Bai, Libin, Eisenschlos, Julian, Korchemniy, Alex, Tsai, Tomy, Jasarevic, Mimi, Kong, Weize, Dao, Phuong, Zheng, Zeyu, Liu, Frederick, Zhu, Rui, Teh, Tian Huey, Sanmiya, Jason, Gladchenko, Evgeny, Trdin, Nejc, Toyama, Daniel, Rosen, Evan, Tavakkol, Sasan, Xue, Linting, Elkind, Chen, Woodman, Oliver, Carpenter, John, Papamakarios, George, Kemp, Rupert, Kafle, Sushant, Grunina, Tanya, Sinha, Rishika, Talbert, Alice, Wu, Diane, Owusu-Afriyie, Denese, Thornton, Chloe, Pont-Tuset, Jordi, Narayana, Pradyumna, Li, Jing, Fatehi, Saaber, Wieting, John, Ajmeri, Omar, Uria, Benigno, Ko, Yeongil, Knight, Laura, Héliou, Amélie, Niu, Ning, Gu, Shane, Pang, Chenxi, Li, Yeqing, Levine, Nir, Stolovich, Ariel, Santamaria-Fernandez, Rebeca, Goenka, Sonam, Yustalim, Wenny, Strudel, Robin, Elqursh, Ali, Deck, Charlie, Lee, Hyo, Li, Zonglin, Levin, Kyle, Hoffmann, Raphael, Holtmann-Rice, Dan, Bachem, Olivier, Arora, Sho, Koh, Christy, Yeganeh, Soheil Hassas, Põder, Siim, Tariq, Mukarram, Sun, Yanhua, Ionita, Lucian, Seyedhosseini, Mojtaba, Tafti, Pouya, Liu, Zhiyu, Gulati, Anmol, Liu, Jasmine, Ye, Xinyu, Chrzaszcz, Bart, Wang, Lily, Sethi, Nikhil, Li, Tianrun, Brown, Ben, Singh, Shreya, Fan, Wei, Parisi, Aaron, Stanton, Joe, Koverkathu, Vinod, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Li, Yunjie, Lu, TJ, Shroff, Prakash, Varadarajan, Mani, Bahargam, Sanaz, Willoughby, Rob, Gaddy, David, Desjardins, Guillaume, Cornero, Marco, Robenek, Brona, Mittal, Bhavishya, Albrecht, Ben, Shenoy, Ashish, Moiseev, Fedor, Jacobsson, Henrik, Ghaffarkhah, Alireza, Rivière, Morgane, Walton, Alanna, Crepy, Clément, Parrish, Alicia, Zhou, Zongwei, Farabet, Clement, Radebaugh, Carey, Srinivasan, Praveen, van der Salm, Claudia, Fidjeland, Andreas, Scellato, Salvatore, Latorre-Chimoto, Eri, Klimczak-Plucińska, Hanna, Bridson, David, de Cesare, Dario, Hudson, Tom, Mendolicchio, Piermaria, Walker, Lexi, Morris, Alex, Mauger, Matthew, Guseynov, Alexey, Reid, Alison, Odoom, Seth, Loher, Lucia, Cotruta, Victor, Yenugula, Madhavi, Grewe, Dominik, Petrushkina, Anastasia, Duerig, Tom, Sanchez, Antonio, Yadlowsky, Steve, Shen, Amy, Globerson, Amir, Webb, Lynette, Dua, Sahil, Li, Dong, Bhupatiraju, Surya, Hurt, Dan, Qureshi, Haroon, Agarwal, Ananth, Shani, Tomer, Eyal, Matan, Khare, Anuj, Belle, Shreyas Rammohan, Wang, Lei, Tekur, Chetan, Kale, Mihir Sanjay, Wei, Jinliang, Sang, Ruoxin, Saeta, Brennan, Liechty, Tyler, Sun, Yi, Zhao, Yao, Lee, Stephan, Nayak, Pandu, Fritz, Doug, Vuyyuru, Manish Reddy, Aslanides, John, Vyas, Nidhi, Wicke, Martin, Ma, Xiao, Eltyshev, Evgenii, Martin, Nina, Cate, Hardie, Manyika, James, Amiri, Keyvan, Kim, Yelin, Xiong, Xi, Kang, Kai, Luisier, Florian, Tripuraneni, Nilesh, Madras, David, Guo, Mandy, Waters, Austin, Wang, Oliver, Ainslie, Joshua, Baldridge, Jason, Zhang, Han, Pruthi, Garima, Bauer, Jakob, Yang, Feng, Mansour, Riham, Gelman, Jason, Xu, Yang, Polovets, George, Liu, Ji, Cai, Honglong, Chen, Warren, Sheng, XiangHai, Xue, Emily, Ozair, Sherjil, Angermueller, Christof, Li, Xiaowei, Sinha, Anoop, Wang, Weiren, Wiesinger, Julia, Koukoumidis, Emmanouil, Tian, Yuan, Iyer, Anand, Gurumurthy, Madhu, Goldenson, Mark, Shah, Parashar, Blake, MK, Yu, Hongkun, Urbanowicz, Anthony, Palomaki, Jennimaria, Fernando, Chrisantha, Durden, Ken, Mehta, Harsh, Momchev, Nikola, Rahimtoroghi, Elahe, Georgaki, Maria, Raul, Amit, Ruder, Sebastian, Redshaw, Morgan, Lee, Jinhyuk, Zhou, Denny, Jalan, Komal, Li, Dinghua, Hechtman, Blake, Schuh, Parker, Nasr, Milad, Milan, Kieran, Mikulik, Vladimir, Franco, Juliana, Green, Tim, Nguyen, Nam, Kelley, Joe, Mahendru, Aroma, Hu, Andrea, Howland, Joshua, Vargas, Ben, Hui, Jeffrey, Bansal, Kshitij, Rao, Vikram, Ghiya, Rakesh, Wang, Emma, Ye, Ke, Sarr, Jean Michel, Preston, Melanie Moranski, Elish, Madeleine, Li, Steve, Kaku, Aakash, Gupta, Jigar, Pasupat, Ice, Juan, Da-Cheng, Someswar, Milan, M., Tejvi, Chen, Xinyun, Amini, Aida, Fabrikant, Alex, Chu, Eric, Dong, Xuanyi, Muthal, Amruta, Buthpitiya, Senaka, Jauhari, Sarthak, Khandelwal, Urvashi, Hitron, Ayal, Ren, Jie, Rinaldi, Larissa, Drath, Shahar, Dabush, Avigail, Jiang, Nan-Jiang, Godhia, Harshal, Sachs, Uli, Chen, Anthony, Fan, Yicheng, Taitelbaum, Hagai, Noga, Hila, Dai, Zhuyun, Wang, James, Hamer, Jenny, Ferng, Chun-Sung, Elkind, Chenel, Atias, Aviel, Lee, Paulina, Listík, Vít, Carlen, Mathias, van de Kerkhof, Jan, Pikus, Marcin, Zaher, Krunoslav, Müller, Paul, Zykova, Sasha, Stefanec, Richard, Gatsko, Vitaly, Hirnschall, Christoph, Sethi, Ashwin, Xu, Xingyu Federico, Ahuja, Chetan, Tsai, Beth, Stefanoiu, Anca, Feng, Bo, Dhandhania, Keshav, Katyal, Manish, Gupta, Akshay, Parulekar, Atharva, Pitta, Divya, Zhao, Jing, Bhatia, Vivaan, Bhavnani, Yashodha, Alhadlaq, Omar, Li, Xiaolin, Danenberg, Peter, Tu, Dennis, Pine, Alex, Filippova, Vera, Ghosh, Abhipso, Limonchik, Ben, Urala, Bhargava, Lanka, Chaitanya Krishna, Clive, Derik, Li, Edward, Wu, Hao, Hongtongsak, Kevin, Li, Ianna, Thakkar, Kalind, Omarov, Kuanysh, Majmundar, Kushal, Alverson, Michael, Kucharski, Michael, Patel, Mohak, Jain, Mudit, Zabelin, Maksim, Pelagatti, Paolo, Kohli, Rohan, Kumar, Saurabh, Kim, Joseph, Sankar, Swetha, Shah, Vineet, Ramachandruni, Lakshmi, Zeng, Xiangkai, Bariach, Ben, Weidinger, Laura, Vu, Tu, Andreev, Alek, He, Antoine, Hui, Kevin, Kashem, Sheleem, Subramanya, Amar, Hsiao, Sissie, Hassabis, Demis, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, Sadovsky, Adam, Le, Quoc, Strohman, Trevor, Wu, Yonghui, Petrov, Slav, Dean, Jeffrey, and Vinyals, Oriol

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

This report introduces a new family of multimodal models, Gemini, that exhibit remarkable capabilities across image, audio, video, and text understanding. The Gemini family consists of Ultra, Pro, and Nano sizes, suitable for applications ranging from complex reasoning tasks to on-device memory-constrained use-cases. Evaluation on a broad range of benchmarks shows that our most-capable Gemini Ultra model advances the state of the art in 30 of 32 of these benchmarks - notably being the first model to achieve human-expert performance on the well-studied exam benchmark MMLU, and improving the state of the art in every one of the 20 multimodal benchmarks we examined. We believe that the new capabilities of the Gemini family in cross-modal reasoning and language understanding will enable a wide variety of use cases. We discuss our approach toward post-training and deploying Gemini models responsibly to users through services including Gemini, Gemini Advanced, Google AI Studio, and Cloud Vertex AI.

Published
2023

27. The ENGAGE study: a 3-arm randomized hybrid type 1 effectiveness and implementation study of an in-home, collaborative PCP model of remote telegenetic services to increase uptake of cancer genetic services in childhood cancer survivors

Author

Henderson, Tara O., Allen, Mary Ashley, Mim, Rajia, Egleston, Brian, Fleisher, Linda, Elkin, Elena, Oeffinger, Kevin, Krull, Kevin, Ofidis, Demetrios, Mcleod, Briana, Griffin, Hannah, Wood, Elizabeth, Cacioppo, Cara, Weinberg, Michelle, Brown, Sarah, Howe, Sarah, McDonald, Aaron, Vukadinovich, Chris, Alston, Shani, Rinehart, Dayton, Armstrong, Gregory T., and Bradbury, Angela R.

Published
2024
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31. A case study in statistical software development for advanced evidence synthesis: the combined value of analysts and research software engineers

Author

Naomi Bradbury, Tom Morris, Clareece Nevill, Janion Nevill, Ryan Field, Suzanne Freeman, Nicola Cooper, and Alex Sutton

Subjects
Academic scientific software development, Web applications, Apps, Evidence synthesis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Since 2015, the Complex Reviews Synthesis Unit (CRSU) has developed a suite of web-based applications (apps) that conduct complex evidence synthesis meta-analyses through point-and-click interfaces. This has been achieved in the R programming language by combining existing R packages that conduct meta-analysis with the shiny web-application package. The CRSU apps have evolved from two short-term student projects into a suite of eight apps that are used for more than 3,000 h per month. Aim Here, we present our experience of developing production grade web-apps from the point-of-view of individuals trained primarily as statisticians rather than software developers in the hopes of encouraging and inspiring other groups to develop valuable open-source statistical software whilst also learning from our experiences. Key challenges We discuss how we have addressed challenges to research software development such as responding to feedback from our real-world users to improve the CRSU apps, the implementation of software engineering principles into our app development process and gaining recognition for non-traditional research work within the academic environment. Future developments The CRSU continues to seek funding opportunities both to maintain and further develop our shiny apps. We aim to increase our user base by implementing new features within the apps and building links with other groups developing complementary evidence synthesis tools.

Published
2025
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32. Diet-wide analyses for risk of colorectal cancer: prospective study of 12,251 incident cases among 542,778 women in the UK

Author

Keren Papier, Kathryn E. Bradbury, Angela Balkwill, Isobel Barnes, Karl Smith-Byrne, Marc J. Gunter, Sonja I. Berndt, Loic Le Marchand, Anna H. Wu, Ulrike Peters, Valerie Beral, Timothy J. Key, and Gillian K. Reeves

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Uncertainty remains regarding the role of diet in colorectal cancer development. We examined associations of 97 dietary factors with colorectal cancer risk in 542,778 Million Women Study participants (12,251 incident cases over 16.6 years), and conducted a targeted genetic analysis in the ColoRectal Transdisciplinary Study, Colon Cancer Family Registry, and Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO). Alcohol (relative risk per 20 g/day=1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.20) and calcium (per 300 mg/day=0.83, 0.77–0.89) intakes had the strongest associations, followed by six dairy-related factors associated with calcium. We showed a positive association with red and processed meat intake and weaker inverse associations with breakfast cereal, fruit, wholegrains, carbohydrates, fibre, total sugars, folate, and vitamin C. Genetically predicted milk consumption was inversely associated with risk of colorectal, colon, and rectal cancers. We conclude that dairy products help protect against colorectal cancer, and that this is driven largely or wholly by calcium.

Published
2025
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33. Bringing the Learning Home: Examining the Course-Level Impact of International Professional Experience

Author

Fitzgerald, Ange and Bradbury, Ondine J.

Abstract

Within an ever-increasing time of globalisation, globalised learning and international mobility, international professional experience can provide a range of opportunities for personal and academic growth. Perhaps unsurprisingly, pre-service teachers commonly attest to the positive impact of international placements. What is less well understood is the impact on the learning and teaching that occurs at the university curriculum level prior to and after an international placement. An emergent aspect of this research and the focus of this paper is the impact of these experiences in terms of what they offer the university teaching and learning context. To gain a further understanding of the extent of these impacts, a set of reflective narratives from 10 pre-service teachers and seven teacher educators were gathered and analysed using inductive, thematic analysis. The findings showed that for pre-service teachers and teacher educators that context both culturally and educationally were paramount. The reflections highlighted the impact on the development of a range of general capabilities for both sets of participants. Additionally, international placement experiences increased levels of reflection for both pre-service teachers and teacher educators, which led to further understanding and refining their teacherly identity.

Published
2023

35. A Niche Touch: Local marketing firms find success Outside by narrowing their focus

Author

Bradbury, Jamey

Subjects
Company business management, Marketing industry -- Management -- Services
Abstract

An online search for "Alaska marketing agencies" returns descriptions like "grow your local business," "hundreds of satisfied clients in Alaska," "the local go-to." Local agencies tailor their services to the [...]

Published
2024

36. The Military Boost: Armed forces benefit Alaska's economy in more ways than one

Author

Bradbury, Jamey

Subjects
Economic conditions -- Analysis, Armed Forces -- Influence -- Economic aspects, Alaska -- Economic aspects, United States. Department of Defense -- Powers and duties
Abstract

Even before Alaska became a state, the military was shaping its economy. World War II led to an expansion of the armed forces and created an economic boom in the [...]

Published
2024

37. Deterministic/Fragmented-Stochastic Exchange for Large Scale Hybrid DFT Calculations

Author

Bradbury, Nadine C., Allen, Tucker, Nguyen, Minh, and Neuhauser, Daniel

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We develop an efficient approach to evaluate range-separated exact exchange for grid or plane-wave based representations within the Generalized Kohn-Sham DFT (GKS-DFT) framework. The Coulomb kernel is fragmented in reciprocal space, and we employ a mixed deterministic-stochastic representation, retaining long wavelength (low-$k$) contributions deterministically and using a sparse ("fragmented") stochastic basis for the high-$k$ part. Coupled with a projection of the Hamiltonian onto a subspace of valence and conduction states from a prior local-DFT calculation, this method allows for the calculation of long-range exchange of large molecular systems with hundreds and potentially thousands of coupled valence states delocalized over millions of grid points. We find that even a small number of valence and conduction states is sufficient for converging the HOMO and LUMO energies of the GKS-DFT. Excellent tuning of long-range separated hybrids (RSH) is easily obtained in the method for very large systems, as exemplified here for the chlorophyll hexamer of Photosystem II with 1,320 electrons., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures

Published
2023

38. Stochastic Metholodgy Shows Molecular Interactions Protect 2D Polaritons

Author

Bradbury, Nadine, Ribeiro, Raphael, Caram, Justin R., and Neuhauser, Daniel

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We introduce stochastic techniques that enable the simulations of polaritons resulting from placing giant 2D molecular aggregate crystals with $10^8$ interacting excitonic dyes in realistic multi-mode cavities. We show that the intermolecular coupling protects the formation of polariton states in the face of strong molecular disorder due to persistent delocalization of the dark molecular states. This demonstrates the nontrivial role of internal aggregate Hamiltonian in polariton properties, and the new computational method opens horizons for stochastic simulations of related systems., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Published
2023

39. Strongyloides questions-a research agenda for the future.

Author

Hedtke, Shannon, Hunt, Vicky, Khieu, Virak, Kikuchi, Taisei, Kounosu, Asuka, Lastik, Dominika, van Lieshout, Lisette, Liu, Yuchen, McSorley, Henry, McVeigh, Paul, Mousley, Angela, Murcott, Ben, Nevin, William, Nosková, Eva, Pomari, Elena, Reynolds, Kieran, Ross, Kirstin, Streit, Adrian, Suleiman, Mona, Tiberti, Natalia, Viney, Mark, Al-Jawabreh, Reem, Anderson, Roy, Atkinson, Louise, Bickford-Smith, Jack, Bradbury, Richard, Breloer, Minka, Bryant, Astra, Buonfrate, Dora, Cadd, Luke, Crooks, Bethany, Deiana, Michela, Grant, Warwick, and Hallem, Elissa

Subjects
Strongyloides, questions, research, Animals, Humans, Strongyloides, Life Cycle Stages
Abstract

The Strongyloides genus of parasitic nematodes have a fascinating life cycle and biology, but are also important pathogens of people and a World Health Organization-defined neglected tropical disease. Here, a community of Strongyloides researchers have posed thirteen major questions about Strongyloides biology and infection that sets a Strongyloides research agenda for the future. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue Strongyloides: omics to worm-free populations.

Published
2024

40. Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19.

Author

Hills, Thomas, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Berry, Lindsay, Shyamsundar, Murali, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen, Aryal, Diptesh, Au, Carly, Beane, Abigail, Bhimani, Zahra, Bonten, Marc, Bradbury, Charlotte, Brunkhorst, Frank, Burrell, Aidan, Buxton, Meredith, Calfee, Carolyn, Cecconi, Maurizio, Cheng, Allen, Cove, Matthew, Detry, Michelle, Estcourt, Lise, Fitzgerald, Mark, Goligher, Ewan, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Haniffa, Rashan, Harrison, David, Hashmi, Madiha, Higgins, Alisa, Huang, David, Ichihara, Nao, Jayakumar, Deva, Kruger, Peter, Lamontagne, François, Lampro, Lamprini, Lawler, Patrick, Marshall, John, Mason, Alexina, McGlothlin, Anna, McGuinness, Shay, McQuilten, Zoe, McVerry, Bryan, Mouncey, Paul, Murthy, Srinivas, Neal, Matthew, Nichol, Alistair, OKane, Cecilia, Parke, Rachael, Parker, Jane, Rabindrarajan, Ebenezer, Reyes, Luis, Rowan, Kathryn, Saito, Hiroki, Santos, Marlene, Saunders, Christina, Seymour, Christopher, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Sinha, Pratik, Thompson, B, Turgeon, Alexis, Turner, Anne, van de Veerdonk, Frank, Weis, Sebastian, Young, Ian, Zarychanski, Ryan, McArthur, Colin, Angus, Derek, Berry, Scott, Derde, Lennie, Webb, Steve, Gordon, Anthony, McAuley, Daniel, and Lewis, Roger

Subjects
Humans, Bayes Theorem, COVID-19, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Critical Illness, Hospital Mortality, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Simvastatin, Treatment Outcome
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of simvastatin in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. METHODS: In an ongoing international, multifactorial, adaptive platform, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated simvastatin (80 mg daily) as compared with no statin (control) in critically ill patients with Covid-19 who were not receiving statins at baseline. The primary outcome was respiratory and cardiovascular organ support-free days, assessed on an ordinal scale combining in-hospital death (assigned a value of -1) and days free of organ support through day 21 in survivors; the analyis used a Bayesian hierarchical ordinal model. The adaptive design included prespecified statistical stopping criteria for superiority (>99% posterior probability that the odds ratio was >1) and futility (>95% posterior probability that the odds ratio was

Published
2023

41. Human Passage of Schistosoma incognitum, Tamil Nadu, India, and Review of Autochthonous Schistosomiasis, South Asia

Author

Ajjampur, Sitara S.R., Sarkar, Rajiv, and Bradbury, Richard S.

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Schistosomiasis -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Disease transmission -- Evaluation, Public health administration -- Evaluation, Health, Diagnosis, Care and treatment, Evaluation
Abstract

In 1926, A.C. Chandler described "a new schistosome infection of man" based on the presence of distinctive terminal spined schistosome eggs from 2 human fecal samples collected in Krishnanagar, West [...]

Published
2024
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46. PaLM 2 Technical Report

Author

Anil, Rohan, Dai, Andrew M., Firat, Orhan, Johnson, Melvin, Lepikhin, Dmitry, Passos, Alexandre, Shakeri, Siamak, Taropa, Emanuel, Bailey, Paige, Chen, Zhifeng, Chu, Eric, Clark, Jonathan H., Shafey, Laurent El, Huang, Yanping, Meier-Hellstern, Kathy, Mishra, Gaurav, Moreira, Erica, Omernick, Mark, Robinson, Kevin, Ruder, Sebastian, Tay, Yi, Xiao, Kefan, Xu, Yuanzhong, Zhang, Yujing, Abrego, Gustavo Hernandez, Ahn, Junwhan, Austin, Jacob, Barham, Paul, Botha, Jan, Bradbury, James, Brahma, Siddhartha, Brooks, Kevin, Catasta, Michele, Cheng, Yong, Cherry, Colin, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Chowdhery, Aakanksha, Crepy, Clément, Dave, Shachi, Dehghani, Mostafa, Dev, Sunipa, Devlin, Jacob, Díaz, Mark, Du, Nan, Dyer, Ethan, Feinberg, Vlad, Feng, Fangxiaoyu, Fienber, Vlad, Freitag, Markus, Garcia, Xavier, Gehrmann, Sebastian, Gonzalez, Lucas, Gur-Ari, Guy, Hand, Steven, Hashemi, Hadi, Hou, Le, Howland, Joshua, Hu, Andrea, Hui, Jeffrey, Hurwitz, Jeremy, Isard, Michael, Ittycheriah, Abe, Jagielski, Matthew, Jia, Wenhao, Kenealy, Kathleen, Krikun, Maxim, Kudugunta, Sneha, Lan, Chang, Lee, Katherine, Lee, Benjamin, Li, Eric, Li, Music, Li, Wei, Li, YaGuang, Li, Jian, Lim, Hyeontaek, Lin, Hanzhao, Liu, Zhongtao, Liu, Frederick, Maggioni, Marcello, Mahendru, Aroma, Maynez, Joshua, Misra, Vedant, Moussalem, Maysam, Nado, Zachary, Nham, John, Ni, Eric, Nystrom, Andrew, Parrish, Alicia, Pellat, Marie, Polacek, Martin, Polozov, Alex, Pope, Reiner, Qiao, Siyuan, Reif, Emily, Richter, Bryan, Riley, Parker, Ros, Alex Castro, Roy, Aurko, Saeta, Brennan, Samuel, Rajkumar, Shelby, Renee, Slone, Ambrose, Smilkov, Daniel, So, David R., Sohn, Daniel, Tokumine, Simon, Valter, Dasha, Vasudevan, Vijay, Vodrahalli, Kiran, Wang, Xuezhi, Wang, Pidong, Wang, Zirui, Wang, Tao, Wieting, John, Wu, Yuhuai, Xu, Kelvin, Xu, Yunhan, Xue, Linting, Yin, Pengcheng, Yu, Jiahui, Zhang, Qiao, Zheng, Steven, Zheng, Ce, Zhou, Weikang, Zhou, Denny, Petrov, Slav, and Wu, Yonghui

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

We introduce PaLM 2, a new state-of-the-art language model that has better multilingual and reasoning capabilities and is more compute-efficient than its predecessor PaLM. PaLM 2 is a Transformer-based model trained using a mixture of objectives. Through extensive evaluations on English and multilingual language, and reasoning tasks, we demonstrate that PaLM 2 has significantly improved quality on downstream tasks across different model sizes, while simultaneously exhibiting faster and more efficient inference compared to PaLM. This improved efficiency enables broader deployment while also allowing the model to respond faster, for a more natural pace of interaction. PaLM 2 demonstrates robust reasoning capabilities exemplified by large improvements over PaLM on BIG-Bench and other reasoning tasks. PaLM 2 exhibits stable performance on a suite of responsible AI evaluations, and enables inference-time control over toxicity without additional overhead or impact on other capabilities. Overall, PaLM 2 achieves state-of-the-art performance across a diverse set of tasks and capabilities. When discussing the PaLM 2 family, it is important to distinguish between pre-trained models (of various sizes), fine-tuned variants of these models, and the user-facing products that use these models. In particular, user-facing products typically include additional pre- and post-processing steps. Additionally, the underlying models may evolve over time. Therefore, one should not expect the performance of user-facing products to exactly match the results reported in this report.

Published
2023

47. Repeat Next-Generation Sequencing (15-Gene Panel) in Unifocal, Synchronous, and Metachronous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—A Single-Center Experience

Author

Shelley Kuang, Kaitlin Chen, Sachin Sayal, Gajeni Prabahan, Mary R. Rabey, Lisa W. Le, Andrew Seto, Frances A. Shepherd, Geoffrey Liu, Penelope Bradbury, Adrian G. Sacher, Jennifer H. Law, Peter Sabatini, Tracy L. Stockley, Ming S. Tsao, and Natasha B. Leighl

Subjects
non-small-cell lung cancer, next generation sequencing, multifocal lung cancer, synchronous, metachronous, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

In advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), routine testing with next-generation sequencing (NGS) is recommended to identify actionable genomic alterations (AGAs). The therapeutic implications of repeated NGS testing on synchronous and metachronous tumors are unclear. Between February 2017 and October 2020, NSCLC samples from a single institution were reflex-tested using a targeted 15-gene NGS panel (TruSight Tumor 15, Illumina). Thirty-eight patients were identified with multiple NGS results from 82 samples: 11% were from single unifocal, 51% were from synchronous, and 38% were from metachronous tumors. Changes in EGFR, KRAS, PI3KCA, and TP53 variants were found in 22 patients’ samples (58%). No changes were seen with longitudinal testing of multiple samples from single unifocal tumors, while changes were observed in 60% of synchronous and 71% of metachronous tumors. Of these, 26% of patients had AGA differences between samples. Acknowledging the limited sample size, a significant difference in overall survival was observed between synchronous separate primaries and metastasis. Repeat NGS testing of synchronous and metachronous NSCLC tumors may identify differing variants in >50% of patients. These changes may reflect separate primary lung carcinomas, tumor heterogeneity among intrapulmonary metastases, and clonal evolution. NGS testing of multiple tumors may enhance the identification of therapeutic targets for treatment decisions.

Published
2024
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48. Education, Art and Activism in Post-War Britain: Nan Youngman and 'Pictures for Schools'

Author

Natalie Bradbury

Abstract

This paper explores the British art patronage scheme "Pictures for Schools," which sold affordable works of art to educational buyers at annual exhibitions between 1947 and 1969, focusing on the work of "Pictures for Schools" founder and organiser Nan Youngman (1906-1995) as an artist, educationalist and activist. It shows that, while social and cultural changes in post-war Britain around the development of the welfare state provided a receptive environment for "Pictures for Schools," it was largely driven by Youngman's personal convictions and experiences. This paper traces the ideological motivations behind "Pictures for Schools" to the interwar period, exploring Youngman's involvement in two progressive organisations, the Artists' International Association (AIA) and the Society for Education through Art (SEA), which enabled her to campaign for progressive art and education. In doing so, it positions "Pictures for Schools" as a socially engaged intervention into the post-war education system in England and society.

Published
2024
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49. Meeting the Needs and Potentials of High-Ability, High-Performing, and Gifted Students via Differentiation

Author

Maria Nicholas, Andrew Skourdoumbis, and Ondine Bradbury

Abstract

This systematic scoping review reports findings from 38 studies (2000-2022) that explored the approaches to differentiation that have been effectively used with high-ability students and the school-level supports that enabled their application. The review advances our understanding of current approaches and highlights future considerations for school-based pedagogies that aim for an inclusive education for all, including shared understandings of what effectiveness means and looks like in practice and how it can be determined or measured. The review identified 15 effective teaching approaches used with high-ability learners, showing that teachers draw upon an array of approaches when differentiating for high-ability students in both primary and secondary settings and across disciplines. However, the limited number of studies and predominance of data from one country suggest the need for further research across a broader range of contexts, including the important role of school leadership in supporting differentiated teacher practice. This need is made more pressing in contexts where differentiation continues to be primarily focused upon students working below expected level rather than including the highly able, and where the practice of differentiation continues to be misunderstood.

Published
2024
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50. Teaching for Human Dignity: Making Room for Children and Teachers in Contemporary Schools

Author

Cara Furman, Sara Abu-Rumman, Joan Bradbury, Meghan Brindley, and Allison Greer

Abstract

How do we teach for human dignity in a context where life is, generally speaking, not treated as precious? How do we carve spaces for humanity amidst inhumane contexts? In this paper, five experienced teachers share how they work from the cracks to expand spaces for human dignity in their schools. They write and act as teacher-philosophers, dually considering it means to teach for human dignity and practically speaking how it can be done.

Published
2024
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