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34 results on '"Bracegirdle, T."'

1. THE ICELAND GREENLAND SEAS PROJECT

Author

Renfrew, I. A., Pickart, R. S., Våge, K., Moore, G. W. K., Bracegirdle, T. J., Elvidge, A. D., Jeansson, E., Lachlan-Cope, T., McRaven, L. T., Papritz, L., Reuder, J., Sodemann, H., Terpstra, A., Waterman, S., Valdimarsson, H., Weiss, A., Almansi, M., Bahr, F., Brakstad, A., Barrell, C., Brooke, J. K., Brooks, B. J., Brooks, I. M., Brooks, M. E., Bruvik, E. M., Duscha, C., Fer, I., Golid, H. M., Hallerstig, M., Hessevik, I., Huang, J., Houghton, L., Jónsson, S., Jonassen, M., Jackson, K., Kvalsund, K., Kolstad, E. W., Konstali, K., Kristiansen, J., Ladkin, R., Lin, P., Macrander, A., Mitchell, A., Olafsson, H., Pacini, A., Payne, C., Palmason, B., Pérez-Hernández, M. D., Peterson, A. K., Petersen, G. N., Pisareva, M. N., Pope, J. O., Seidl, A., Semper, S., Sergeev, D., Skjelsvik, S., Søiland, H., Smith, D., Spall, M. A., Spengler, T., Touzeau, A., Tupper, G., Weng, Y., Williams, K. D., Yang, X., and Zhou, S.

Published
2019

2. Bringing it all together: science priorities for improved understanding of Earth system change and to support international climate policy

Author

Jones, C.G., Adloff, F., Booth, B.B.B., Cox, P.M., Eyring, V., Friedlingstein, P., Frieler, K., Hewitt, H.T., Jeffery, H.A., Joussaume, S., Koenigk, T., Lawrence, B.N., O'Rourke, E., Roberts, M.J., Sanderson, B.M., Séférian, R., Somot, S., Vidale, P.L., van Vuuren, D., Acosta, M., Bentsen, M., Bernardello, R., Betts, R., Blockley, E., Boé, J., Bracegirdle, T., Braconnot, P., Brovkin, V., Buontempo, C., Doblas-Reyes, F., Donat, M., Epicoco, I., Falloon, P., Fiore, S., Frölicher, T., Fučkar, N.S., Gidden, M., Goessling, H.F., Graversen, R.G., Gualdi, S., Gutiérrez, J.M., Ilyina, T., Jacob, D., Jones, C.D., Juckes, M., Kendon, E., Kjellström, E., Knutti, R., Lowe, J., Mizielinski, M., Nassisi, P., Obersteiner, M., Regnier, P., Roehrig, R., Salas y Mélia, D., Schleussner, C.-F., Schulz, M., Scoccimarro, E., Terray, L., Thiemann, H., Wood, R.A., Yang, S., Zaehle, S., Jones, C.G., Adloff, F., Booth, B.B.B., Cox, P.M., Eyring, V., Friedlingstein, P., Frieler, K., Hewitt, H.T., Jeffery, H.A., Joussaume, S., Koenigk, T., Lawrence, B.N., O'Rourke, E., Roberts, M.J., Sanderson, B.M., Séférian, R., Somot, S., Vidale, P.L., van Vuuren, D., Acosta, M., Bentsen, M., Bernardello, R., Betts, R., Blockley, E., Boé, J., Bracegirdle, T., Braconnot, P., Brovkin, V., Buontempo, C., Doblas-Reyes, F., Donat, M., Epicoco, I., Falloon, P., Fiore, S., Frölicher, T., Fučkar, N.S., Gidden, M., Goessling, H.F., Graversen, R.G., Gualdi, S., Gutiérrez, J.M., Ilyina, T., Jacob, D., Jones, C.D., Juckes, M., Kendon, E., Kjellström, E., Knutti, R., Lowe, J., Mizielinski, M., Nassisi, P., Obersteiner, M., Regnier, P., Roehrig, R., Salas y Mélia, D., Schleussner, C.-F., Schulz, M., Scoccimarro, E., Terray, L., Thiemann, H., Wood, R.A., Yang, S., and Zaehle, S.

Abstract

We review how the international modelling community, encompassing integrated assessment models, global and regional Earth system and climate models, and impact models, has worked together over the past few decades to advance understanding of Earth system change and its impacts on society and the environment and thereby support international climate policy. We go on to recommend a number of priority research areas for the coming decade, a timescale that encompasses a number of newly starting international modelling activities, as well as the IPCC Seventh Assessment Report (AR7) and the second UNFCCC Global Stocktake. Progress in these priority areas will significantly advance our understanding of Earth system change and its impacts, increasing the quality and utility of science support to climate policy. We emphasize the need for continued improvement in our understanding of, and ability to simulate, the coupled Earth system and the impacts of Earth system change. There is an urgent need to investigate plausible pathways and emission scenarios that realize the Paris climate targets – for example, pathways that overshoot 1.5 or 2 °C global warming, before returning to these levels at some later date. Earth system models need to be capable of thoroughly assessing such warming overshoots – in particular, the efficacy of mitigation measures, such as negative CO2 emissions, in reducing atmospheric CO2 and driving global cooling. An improved assessment of the long-term consequences of stabilizing climate at 1.5 or 2 °C above pre-industrial temperatures is also required. We recommend Earth system models run overshoot scenarios in CO2-emission mode to more fully represent coupled climate–carbon-cycle feedbacks and, wherever possible, interactively simulate other key Earth system phenomena at risk of rapid change during overshoot. Regional downscaling and impact models should use forcing data from these simulations, so impact and regional climate projections cover a more comp

Published
2024
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6. A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE ON CLIMATE MODEL EVALUATION FOR ANTARCTICA

Author

Bracegirdle, T. J., Bertler, N. A. N., Carleton, A. M., Ding, Q., Fogwill, C. J., Fyfe, J. C., Hellmer, H. H., Karpechko, A. Y., Kusahara, K., Larour, E., Mayewski, P. A., Meier, W. N., Polvani, L. M., Russell, J. L., Stevenson, S. L., Turner, J., van Wessem, J. M., van de Berg, W. J., and Wainer, I.

Published
2016

8. Structure and monthly to interannual variability of the Antarctic coastal easterly winds

Author

King, J., Caton Harrison, T., Bracegirdle, T., and Lu, H.

Abstract

The narrow belt of easterly winds that surrounds Antarctica exerts important controls over ocean currents and the production and movement of sea ice. We use the ERA5 reanalysis to investigate the structure of these winds and their variability on monthly to interannual timescales. Meridional cross-sections through the coastal zone reveal that the climatological easterlies are relatively shallow ( < 2 km deep) and are tightly-bound to the steep coastal slopes in all sectors of the continent, generally extending no more than 400 km offshore. The strongest easterlies are found over the steep coastal slopes, a region characterised by strong and persistent katabatic winds. However, the easterlies are much deeper than the katabatic drainage flow, which is typically no more than a few hundred metres deep. This suggests that, rather than katabatic forcing, the primary driver of the easterlies is the strong baroclinicity associated with the distortion of the broad-scale thermal gradients by the high Antarctic orography.The coastal easterlies are locally enhanced on synoptic timescales when a deepening cyclone moves southward from the circumpolar trough (CPT) towards the coast. On longer timescales, the easterlies are linked to variations in the strength and position of the high-latitude westerlies to the north of the CPT. Around most of East Antarctica, the strength of the coastal easterlies is well-correlated with variations in the Southern Annular Mode while, around West Antarctica, variability in the depth and location Amundsen-Bellingshausen Sea Low is the primary control., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Published
2023
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11. Improvements in Circumpolar Southern Hemisphere Extratropical Atmospheric Circulation in CMIP6 Compared to CMIP5

Author

Bracegirdle, T. J., Holmes, C. R., Hosking, J. S., Marshall, G. J., Osman, M., Patterson, M., Rackow, T., Bracegirdle, T. J., Holmes, C. R., Hosking, J. S., Marshall, G. J., Osman, M., Patterson, M., and Rackow, T.

Abstract

One of the major globally relevant systematic biases in previous generations of climate models has been an equatorward bias in the latitude of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) mid‐latitude tropospheric eddy driven westerly jet. The far reaching implications of this for Southern Ocean heat and carbon uptake and Antarctic land and sea ice are key reasons why addressing this bias is a high priority. It is therefore of primary importance to evaluate the representation of the SH westerly jet in the latest generation of global climate and earth‐system models that comprise the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). In this paper we assess the representation of major indices of SH extratropical atmospheric circulation in CMIP6 by comparison against both observations and the previous generation of CMIP5 models. Indices assessed are the latitude and speed of the westerly jet, variability of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and representation of the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL). These are calculated from the historical forcing simulations of both CMIP5 and CMIP6 for time periods matching available observational and reanalysis datasets. From the 39 CMIP6 models available at the time of writing there is an overall reduction in the equatorward bias of the annual mean westerly jet from 1.9° in CMIP5 to 0.4° in CMIP6 and from a seasonal perspective the reduction is clearest in austral spring and summer. This is accompanied by a halving of the bias of SAM decorrelation timescales compared to CMIP5. However, no such overall improvements are evident for the ASL.

Published
2020

13. Sensitivity of an apparently hurricane-like polar low to sea surface temperature

Author

Kolstad, E. W. and Bracegirdle, T. J.

Abstract

Polar lows are intense, small-scale cyclones in the high latitudes. Typically, polar lows are initiated through baroclinic processes, but they sometimes evolve into a post-baroclinic mature stage where air-sea interaction becomes more important. In this stage some polar lows have developed hurricane-like cloud structures, and idealised axisymmetric hurricane models have indicated that air-sea interaction-fuelled pressure drops of up to 50 hPa are theoretically possible in polar environments. Here we study a polar low that formed in an extreme marine cold air outbreak over the Barents Sea and which had cloud structures with similarities to hurricanes. Using a high-resolution weather model, we artificially modified the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) to assess if the polar low was close to developing into a true hurricane-like system, with air-sea interaction processes leading to intensification in the post-baroclinic, mature phase of its life cycle. The polar low simulations with SSTs augmented by 2–6 K produced more intense mature phases than the control experiment (with unmodified SSTs). The intensity of the polar low in the latter of these, which it must be pointed out was unrealistic with an SST increase of 6 K, surpassed the intensity in the earlier baroclinic phase. The experiment where the SSTs were reduced by 2 K did not produce a much weaker polar low than the control run. Broadly speaking, our experiments suggest that in this case large and unrealistic SST increases would be needed for apparently hurricane-like polar lows to exhibit true hurricane-like behaviour, but nevertheless air-sea interaction did drive a more intense and prolonged mature phase.

Published
2017
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15. Low genetic variation between South American and Antarctic populations of the bank-forming moss <italic>Chorisodontium aciphyllum</italic> (Dicranaceae).

Author

Biersma, E. M., Jackson, J. A., Bracegirdle, T. J., Griffiths, H., Linse, K., and Convey, P.

Subjects
BIODIVERSITY, INTRODUCED species, BIOLOGY, BIOGEOGRAPHY, GEOGRAPHY
Abstract

The Antarctic-South American bank-forming moss Chorisodontium aciphyllum is known for having the oldest sub-fossils of any extant plant in Antarctica as well as extreme survival abilities, making it a candidate species for possible long-term survival in Antarctica. Applying phylogeographic and population genetic methods using the plastid markers trnL-F and rps4 and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer, we investigated the genetic diversity within C. aciphyllum throughout its range. Low genetic variation was found in all loci, both between and within Antarctic and southern South American populations, suggesting a relatively recent (likely within the last million years) colonization of this moss to the Antarctic, as well as a likely severe bottleneck during Pleistocene glaciations in southern South America. We also performed a simple atmospheric transfer modeling approach to study potential colonization rates of small (microscopic/microbial) or spore-dispersed organisms (such as many mosses and lichens). These suggested that the northern Antarctic Peninsula shows potentially regular connectivity from southern South America, with air masses transferring, particularly southbound, between the two regions. We found elevated genetic variation of C. aciphyllum in Elephant Island, also the location of the oldest known moss banks (> 5500 years), suggesting this location to be a genetic hotspot for this species in the Antarctic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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16. Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation a new SCAR-Biology Programme

Author

Gutt, J., Adams, B., Bracegirdle, T., Cowan, D., Vonda Cummings, Di Prisco, G., Gradinger, R., Isla, E., Mcintyre, T., Murphy, E., Peck, L., Schloss, I., Smith, C., Suckling, C., Takahashi, A., Verde, C., Wall, D. H., and Xavier, J.

Abstract

Stresses on Antarctic ecosystems result from environmental change, including extreme events, and from (other) human impacts. Consequently, Antarctic habitats are changing, some at a rapid pace while others are relatively stable. A cascade of responses from molecular through organismic to the community level are expected. The differences in biological complexity and evolutionary histories between both polar regions and the rest of the planet suggest that stresses on polar ecosystem function may have fundamentally different outcomes from those at lower latitudes. Polar ecosystem processes are therefore key to informing wider ecological debate about the nature of stability and potential changes across the biosphere. The main goal of AnT-ERA is to facilitate the science required to examine changes in biological processes in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic marine-, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Tolerance limits, as well as thresholds, resistance and resilience to environmental change will be determined. AnT-ERA is classified into three overlapping themes, which represent three levels of biological organisation: (1) molecular and physiological performance, (2) population processes and species traits, (3) ecosystem function and services.

Published
2013

17. Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate surprises

Author

Mayewski, PA, Bracegirdle, T, Goodwin, I ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-6409, Schneider, D, Bertler, NAN, Birkel, S, Carleton, A, England, MH ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-3420, Kang, JH, Khan, A, Russell, J, Turner, J, Velicogna, I, Mayewski, PA, Bracegirdle, T, Goodwin, I ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-6409, Schneider, D, Bertler, NAN, Birkel, S, Carleton, A, England, MH ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-3420, Kang, JH, Khan, A, Russell, J, Turner, J, and Velicogna, I

Abstract

Climate model results suggest that future climate change in Antarctica will be accompanied by continued strengthening and poleward contraction of the Southern Ocean westerly wind belt. Paleoclimate records suggest past changes in the westerly winds can be abrupt and that healing of the Antarctic ozone hole could lead to poleward contraction of the westerlies and increased meridional atmospheric transport of warm air regionally into Antarctica. An abrupt shift to more meridional circulation could lead to notable changes in moisture availability for extra-Antarctic regions, increased Antarctic ice sheet disintegration and more rapid sea-level rise.

Published
2015

18. Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate surprises

Author

Mayewski, P. A., Bracegirdle, T., Goodwin, I., Schneider, D., Bertler, N. A. N., Birkel, S., Carleton, A., England, M. H., Kang, J.-H., Khan, A., Russell, J., Turner, J., Velicogna, I., Mayewski, P. A., Bracegirdle, T., Goodwin, I., Schneider, D., Bertler, N. A. N., Birkel, S., Carleton, A., England, M. H., Kang, J.-H., Khan, A., Russell, J., Turner, J., and Velicogna, I.

Abstract

Climate model results suggest that future climate change in Antarctica will be accompanied by continued strengthening and poleward contraction of the Southern Ocean westerly wind belt. Paleoclimate records suggest past changes in the westerly winds can be abrupt and that healing of the Antarctic ozone hole could lead to poleward contraction of the westerlies and increased meridional atmospheric transport of warm air regionally into Antarctica. An abrupt shift to more meridional circulation could lead to notable changes in moisture availability for extra-Antarctic regions, increased Antarctic ice sheet disintegration and more rapid sea-level rise.

Published
2015

19. Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate surprises

Author

MAYEWSKI, P. A., primary, BRACEGIRDLE, T., additional, GOODWIN, I., additional, SCHNEIDER, D., additional, BERTLER, N. A. N., additional, BIRKEL, S., additional, CARLETON, A., additional, ENGLAND, M. H., additional, KANG, J‐H., additional, KHAN, A., additional, RUSSELL, J., additional, TURNER, J., additional, and VELICOGNA, I., additional

Published
2015
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20. The next 100 years

Author

Barnes D, Bergstrom D, Bindschadler R, Bockheim J, Bopp L, Bracegirdle T, Chown S, Convey P, di Prisco G, Fahrbach E, Forcada J, Frenot Y, Goosse H, Gutt J, Hodgson D, Huiskes A, Jones A, Leaper R, Lefebvre W, Lenton A, Lynch A, Metzl N, Murray A, and O’Farre

Published
2009

22. State of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean climate system

Author

Mayewski, P.A., Meredith, M.P., Summerhayes, C.P., Turner, J., Worby, A., Barrett, P.J., Casassa, G., Bertler, N.A.N., Bracegirdle, T., Naveira Garabato, A.C., Bromwich, D., Campbell, H., Hamilton, G.H., Lyons, W.B., Maasch, K.A., Aoki, S., Xiao, C., Mayewski, P.A., Meredith, M.P., Summerhayes, C.P., Turner, J., Worby, A., Barrett, P.J., Casassa, G., Bertler, N.A.N., Bracegirdle, T., Naveira Garabato, A.C., Bromwich, D., Campbell, H., Hamilton, G.H., Lyons, W.B., Maasch, K.A., Aoki, S., and Xiao, C.

Abstract

This paper reviews developments in our understanding of the state of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean climate, and its relation to the global climate system over the last few millennia. Climate over this and earlier periods has not been stable, as evidenced by the occurrence of abrupt changes in atmospheric circulation and temperature recorded in Antarctic ice core proxies for past climate. Two of the most prominent abrupt climate change events are characterized by intensification of the circumpolar westerlies (also known as the Southern Annular Mode) between ~6000 and 5000 years ago and since 1200-1000 years ago. Following the last of these is a period of major trans-Antarctic reorganization of atmospheric circulation and temperature between AD1700 and 1850. The two earlier Antarctic abrupt climate change events appear linked to but predate by several centuries even more abrupt climate change in the North Atlantic, and the end of the more recent event is coincident with reorganization of atmospheric circulation in the North Pacific. Improved understanding of such events and of the associations between abrupt climate change events recorded in both hemispheres is critical to predicting the impact and timing of future abrupt climate change events potentially forced by anthropogenic changes in greenhouse gases and aerosols. Special attention is given to the climate of the past 200 years, which was recorded by a network of recently available shallow firn cores, and to that of the past 50 years, which was monitored by the continuous instrumental record. Significant regional climate changes have taken place in the Antarctic during the past 50 years. Atmospheric temperatures have increased markedly over the Antarctic Peninsula, linked to nearby ocean warming and intensification of the circumpolar westerlies. Glaciers are retreating on the Peninsula, in Patagonia, on the sub-Antarctic islands, and in West Antarctica adjacent to the Peninsula. The penetration of marine air m

Published
2009

30. State of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean climate system

Author

Mayewski, P. A., primary, Meredith, M. P., additional, Summerhayes, C. P., additional, Turner, J., additional, Worby, A., additional, Barrett, P. J., additional, Casassa, G., additional, Bertler, N. A. N., additional, Bracegirdle, T., additional, Naveira Garabato, A. C., additional, Bromwich, D., additional, Campbell, H., additional, Hamilton, G. S., additional, Lyons, W. B., additional, Maasch, K. A., additional, Aoki, S., additional, Xiao, C., additional, and van Ommen, Tas, additional

Published
2009
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31. Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation: a new SCAR-Biology Programme

Author

Gutt, J., Adams, B., Bracegirdle, T., Cowan, D., Cummings, V., Di Prisco, G., Gradinger, R., Isla, E., McIntyre, T., Murphy, E., Peck, L., Schloss, I., Smith, C., Suckling, C., Takahashi, A., Verde, C., Wall, DH., and Xavier, J.

Subjects
13. Climate action, Earth sciences and geology, Earth Science, 14. Life underwater, 15. Life on land
Abstract

Polarforschung

32. The dynamics of the South Pacific split jet in austral winter

Author

Patterson, M, Woollings, T, and Bracegirdle, T

Abstract

The wintertime atmospheric circulation in the southern hemisphere is characterised by a zonally asymmetric, spiral-like pattern. This includes a strong jet over the Indian Ocean region, which bifurcates downstream into subtropical and polar front branches, known collectively as the South Pacific split jet. The location of the split jet, over Australia and New Zealand, means that this system exerts a considerable influence on the climate of these countries, while the jets also affect the climate of East Antarctica and southern South America. In this thesis I investigate three major themes concerning the split jet. Firstly, I examine the surface boundary conditions which give rise to the observed split jet structure via a set of idealised, atmosphere-only model experiments. A particularly novel finding is that the presence of Antarctic orography plays a key role in shaping the split jet structure. Flattening Antarctica results in a weakened Indian Ocean jet and the destruction of the polar front branch of the split jet. Secondly, I study the low frequency variability of the split jet, with a focus on the eddy-driven, polar front jet. I find that much of this variability can be captured by the Southern Annular Mode, while the presence of high latitude atmospheric blocking is closely correlated with equatorward jet shifts. Finally, I evaluate the split jet and atmospheric blocking in CMIP5 models, before examining changes to the jet structure under the RCP8.5 climate change scenario. I find that circulation in the split jet region undergoes substantial changes in comparison to other regions, with zonal wind strengthening between the jets, causing the split jet to become less distinct. Following this, I demonstrate that these changes can largely be explained by considering the stationary wave response to changes in the subtropical Pacific.

Published
2020

33. The relationship between Quality and Outcomes Framework scores and socioeconomic deprivation: a longitudinal study.

Author

Mann O, Bracegirdle T, and Shantikumar S

Abstract

Background: The Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF) is a pay incentive scheme in England designed to improve and standardise general practice. QOF attainment has been used as a proxy for primary care quality in previous research., Aim: To investigate whether there is a relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and QOF attainment in primary care in England., Design & Setting: Retrospective longitudinal study of primary care providers in England., Method: QOF scores were obtained for individual general practices in England from between 2007-2019 and linked to practice-level Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) scores derived from census data. Beta regression analyses were used to analyse the relationship with either percentage of total QOF attainment or of domain-specific attainment with multivariate analyses, adjusting for additional practice-level demographics. QOF attainment in the most affluent quintile was used as the reference group., Results: General practices in less deprived areas have consistently outperformed those in more deprived areas in terms of QOF achievement. Initially, the gap between least and most deprived practices decreased, however since 2015 there has been relatively little change in comparative performance. The magnitude of inequality was reduced after adjusting for demographic factors. Of the independent variables analysed, the proportion of patients aged >65 years ('over 65s') had the strongest relationship with QOF attainment., Conclusion: There remains an inequality in primary care quality by socioeconomic deprivation in England, even after accounting for demographic differences., (Copyright © 2023, The Authors.)

Published
2023
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34. Cross-disciplinarity in the advance of Antarctic ecosystem research.

Author

Gutt J, Isla E, Bertler AN, Bodeker GE, Bracegirdle TJ, Cavanagh RD, Comiso JC, Convey P, Cummings V, De Conto R, De Master D, di Prisco G, d'Ovidio F, Griffiths HJ, Khan AL, López-Martínez J, Murray AE, Nielsen UN, Ott S, Post A, Ropert-Coudert Y, Saucède T, Scherer R, Schiaparelli S, Schloss IR, Smith CR, Stefels J, Stevens C, Strugnell JM, Trimborn S, Verde C, Verleyen E, Wall DH, Wilson NG, and Xavier JC

Subjects
Antarctic Regions, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Congresses as Topic, Ecology, Genomics, Aquatic Organisms physiology, Ecosystem, Interdisciplinary Research
Abstract

The biodiversity, ecosystem services and climate variability of the Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean are major components of the whole Earth system. Antarctic ecosystems are driven more strongly by the physical environment than many other marine and terrestrial ecosystems. As a consequence, to understand ecological functioning, cross-disciplinary studies are especially important in Antarctic research. The conceptual study presented here is based on a workshop initiated by the Research Programme Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, which focussed on challenges in identifying and applying cross-disciplinary approaches in the Antarctic. Novel ideas and first steps in their implementation were clustered into eight themes. These ranged from scale problems, through risk maps, and organism/ecosystem responses to multiple environmental changes and evolutionary processes. Scaling models and data across different spatial and temporal scales were identified as an overarching challenge. Approaches to bridge gaps in Antarctic research programmes included multi-disciplinary monitoring, linking biomolecular findings and simulated physical environments, as well as integrative ecological modelling. The results of advanced cross-disciplinary approaches can contribute significantly to our knowledge of Antarctic and global ecosystem functioning, the consequences of climate change, and to global assessments that ultimately benefit humankind., (Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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