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1. Developing Hyperpolarized Butane Gas for Ventilation Lung Imaging

Author

Nuwandi M. Ariyasingha, Anna Samoilenko, Md Raduanul H. Chowdhury, Shiraz Nantogma, Clementinah Oladun, Jonathan R. Birchall, Tarek Bawardi, Oleg G. Salnikov, Larisa M. Kovtunova, Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov, Zhongjie Shi, Kehuan Luo, Sidhartha Tan, Igor V. Koptyug, Boyd M. Goodson, and Eduard Y. Chekmenev

Subjects
Medical technology, R855-855.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Published
2024
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2. Facile hyperpolarization chemistry for molecular imaging and metabolic tracking of [1–13C]pyruvate in vivo

Author

Keilian MacCulloch, Austin Browning, David O. Guarin Bedoya, Stephen J. McBride, Mustapha B. Abdulmojeed, Carlos Dedesma, Boyd M. Goodson, Matthew S. Rosen, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Yi-Fen Yen, Patrick TomHon, and Thomas Theis

Subjects
Hyperpolarized MRI, Parahydrogen, SABRE, Metabolic imaging, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Hyperpolarization chemistry based on reversible exchange of parahydrogen, also known as Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), is a particularly simple approach to attain high levels of nuclear spin hyperpolarization, which can enhance NMR and MRI signals by many orders of magnitude. SABRE has received significant attention in the scientific community since its inception because of its relative experimental simplicity and its broad applicability to a wide range of molecules, however, in vivo detection of molecular probes hyperpolarized by SABRE has remained elusive. Here we describe a first demonstration of SABRE-hyperpolarized contrast detected in vivo, specifically using hyperpolarized [1–13C]pyruvate. Biocompatible formulations of hyperpolarized [1–13C]pyruvate in, both, methanol-water, and ethanol-water mixtures followed by dilution with saline and catalyst filtration were prepared and injected into healthy Sprague Dawley and Wistar rats. Effective hyperpolarization-catalyst removal was performed with silica filters without major losses in hyperpolarization. Metabolic conversion of pyruvate to lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate was detected in vivo. Pyruvate-hydrate was also observed as a minor byproduct. Measurements were performed on the liver and kidney at 4.7 T via time-resolved spectroscopy and chemical-shift-resolved MRI. In addition, whole-body metabolic measurements were obtained using a cryogen-free 1.5 T MRI system, illustrating the utility of combining lower-cost MRI systems with simple, low-cost hyperpolarization chemistry to develop safe and scalable molecular imaging.

Published
2023
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3. 532 Application of the CTME Maturity Model in a CTSA Hub: An Initiative to Improve Clinical Research Operations

Author

Maran Subramain, Kimberly Sprenger, Debra O’Connell-Moore, Cena Jones-Bitterman, and Boyd M. Knosp

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The CTSA consortium’s Informatics Enterprise Committee has developed a maturity assessment model for Clinical Trial Management Ecosystems (CTME). This poster will show the improvements achieved using this model at the University of Iowa as well as guidance on how to apply it at other CTSA hubs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The CTME maturity model consists of 11 categories including, study management; regulatory; financial; and reporting. Each category has 3 subcategories: standardization; complexity; and monitoring, while each subcategory is comprised of 1 to 5 maturity statements: initial; developing; aspiring; capable; and efficient. The maturity assessment team at Iowa—comprised of key personnel from clinical research and compliance, accounting, and administration—have used the CTME maturity model to assess Iowa’s research performance across the 11 categories. The initial maturity ratings for each category revealed any gaps in research operations, which led to developing strategies to address the gaps. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The assessment team initiated a CTME maturity planning project—holding regular meetings to review Iowa’s CTME research maturity and plan changes to improve our CTME maturity ratings. This analysis is done at the statement level to minimize the scope of actions needed and keep resource loads for improvements low. Proposed improvements are assigned to a team member who serves as an “accountability leader.” Such leaders develop action plans aimed at increasing maturity at least one level. The leaders are responsible for acquiring the resources to carry out the plan. Each action plan identifies qualifiers reviewed by the team to confirm that the maturity level has been met. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The CTME maturity model has been shown to be effective in identifying gaps in organizational operations at the University of Iowa, where it has led to incremental steps to improve clinical research operations. The utilization of the model at other CTSA hubs will be discussed at this session.

Published
2024
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4. Photorefraction Screening Plus Atropine Treatment for Myopia is Cost-Effective: A Proof-of-Concept Markov Analysis

Author

Hong CY, Boyd M, Wilson G, and Hong SC

Subjects
cost-benefit analysis, photorefractive screening, myopia, atropine, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Chuen Yen Hong,1 Matt Boyd,2 Graham Wilson,3 Sheng Chiong Hong4 1Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; 2Adapt Research Ltd, Reefton, New Zealand; 3Matai Medical Research Institute, Gisborne, New Zealand; 4oDocs Eye Care, Dunedin, New ZealandCorrespondence: Chuen Yen Hong, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, Tel +6421 209 1230, Email chuen.hong@otago.ac.nzPurpose: The prevalence of myopia is increasing globally, putting individuals at risk of myopia-associated visual impairment. Low-dose atropine eye drops have been found to safely reduce the risk of progression from myopia to higher levels of myopia and pathological states. In New Zealand, school children have an eye check at age 11. In this study, we aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of introducing photorefractive screening for myopia at age 11 in the New Zealand context, with atropine 0.01% eye drops treatment for those screening positive.Patients and Methods: A Markov cohort simulation was used to model the impact of screening plus atropine compared to usual care across a lifetime horizon and societal perspective with a 3% discount rate. Cost-effectiveness was determined by the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), with utility measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Multivariate sensitivity analyses were carried out to investigate factors influencing cost-effectiveness.Results: The ICER for screening plus atropine was NZ$1590 (95% CI 1390, 1791) per QALY gained, with 7 cases of lifetime blindness prevented per 100,000 children screened.Conclusion: Screening for myopia with photorefraction at age 11 and atropine 0.01% eye drop treatment of children screening positive is likely to be cost-effective. These results suggest that a real-world trial and cost-effectiveness analysis would be worth considering in New Zealand.Keywords: cost-benefit analysis, photorefractive screening, myopia, atropine

Published
2022

5. Maturity in enterprise data warehouses for research operations: Analysis of a pilot study

Author

Boyd M. Knosp, David A. Dorr, and Thomas R. Campion

Subjects
Maturity models, enterprise data warehouses for research, translational research, infrastructure, biomedical informatics, CTSA, Medicine
Abstract

Enterprise data warehouses for research (EDW4R) is a critical component of National Institutes of Health Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs. EDW4R operations have unique needs that require specialized skills and collaborations across multiple domains which limit the ability to apply existing models of information technology (IT) performance. Because of this uniqueness, we developed a new EDW4R maturity model based on prior qualitative study of operational practices for supporting EDW4Rs at CTSA hubs. In a pilot study, respondents from fifteen CTSA hubs completed the novel EDW4R maturity index survey by rating 33 maturity statements across 6 categories using a 5-point Likert scale. Of the six categories, respondents rated workforce as most mature (4.17 [3.67–4.42]) and relationship with enterprise IT as the least mature (3.00 [2.80–3.80]). Our pilot of a novel maturity index shows a baseline quantitative measure of EDW4R functions across fifteen CTSA hubs. The maturity index may be useful to faculty and staff currently leading an EDW4R by creating opportunities to explore the index in local context and comparison to other institutions.

Published
2023
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6. Treatment Sequencing Patterns in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Treated in the Community Practice Setting in the United States: SPEAR-Bladder (Study informing treatment Pathway dEcision in bladder cAnceR)

Author

Doshi GK, Bhanegaonkar A, Kearney M, Bharmal M, Cislo P, Kim R, Boyd M, Aguilar KM, and Phatak H

Subjects
urothelial carcinoma, spear-bladder, real-world clinical outcomes, treatment sequencing, retrospective, community oncology setting, Medicine (General), R5-920, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Gurjyot K Doshi,1 Abhijeet Bhanegaonkar,2 Mairead Kearney,3 Murtuza Bharmal,2 Paul Cislo,4 Ruth Kim,4 Marley Boyd,5 Kathleen M Aguilar,5 Hemant Phatak2 1Texas Oncology, Houston, TX, USA; 2EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; 3Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; 4Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA; 5Data, Evidence and Insights, McKesson Life Sciences, The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX, USACorrespondence: Abhijeet BhanegaonkarDirector, US Health Economics and Outcomes Research – Oncology, North America Medical Affairs, EMD Serono, Inc., One Technology Place, Rockland, MA 02370, USATel +1 781-681-2483Email abhijeet.bhanegaonkar@emdserono.comPurpose: Clinical trial evidence has affirmed the role for immuno-oncology (IO) treatment for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC). This Study informing treatment Pathway dEcision in bladder cAnceR (SPEAR-Bladder) aimed to provide insight into the optimal sequencing of IO treatments among la/mUC patients treated in the US Oncology Network.Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of adult patients with la/mUC who initiated first-line chemotherapy followed by either IO therapy (C-IO subgroup) or chemotherapy (C-C subgroup) between 01/01/2015 and 04/30/2017 and included a potential follow-up period through 06/30/2017. Data were sourced from iKnowMed electronic health records. Patient and treatment characteristics were assessed descriptively, with Kaplan–Meier methods used to evaluate time-to-event outcomes, including overall survival (OS).Results: A total of 117 patients were included in this analysis (median age 69 years, 74.4% male, 88.0% Caucasian): 79 and 38 patients were in the C-IO and C-C subgroups, respectively. The median OS was 19.2 months among patients who received the C-IO sequence and 11.9 months among those who received the C-C treatment sequence.Conclusion: These results suggest that patients who received the C-IO treatment sequence had notable improvement in OS compared with those who received the C-C sequence. In light of the rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape, further investigation will be required to determine how best to select the optimal therapeutic regimen and sequencing for patients with la/mUC.Keywords: urothelial carcinoma, SPEAR-Bladder, real-world clinical outcomes, treatment sequencing, retrospective, community oncology setting

Published
2020

7. Barriers and solutions to developing and maintaining research networks during a pandemic: An example from the iELEVATE perinatal network

Author

Donna A. Santillan, Debra S. Brandt, Rachel Sinkey, Sheila Scheib, Susan Peterson, Rachel LeDuke, Lisa Dimperio, Cindy Cherek, Angela Varsho, Melissa Granza, Kim Logan, Stephen K. Hunter, Boyd M. Knosp, Heather A. Davis, Joseph C. Spring, Debra Piehl, Rani Makkapati, Thomas Doering, Stacy Harris, Lyndsey Day, Milton Eder, Patricia Winokur, and Mark K. Santillan

Subjects
Clinical research, pandemic, sample collection, COVID-19, research network, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Introduction: To improve maternal health outcomes, increased diversity is needed among pregnant people in research studies and community surveillance. To expand the pool, we sought to develop a network encompassing academic and community obstetrics clinics. Typical challenges in developing a network include site identification, contracting, onboarding sites, staff engagement, participant recruitment, funding, and institutional review board approvals. While not insurmountable, these challenges became magnified as we built a research network during a global pandemic. Our objective is to describe the framework utilized to resolve pandemic-related issues. Methods: We developed a framework for site-specific adaptation of the generalized study protocol. Twice monthly video meetings were held between the lead academic sites to identify local challenges and to generate ideas for solutions. We identified site and participant recruitment challenges and then implemented solutions tailored to the local workflow. These solutions included the use of an electronic consent and videoconferences with local clinic leadership and staff. The processes for network development and maintenance changed to address issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, aspects of the sample processing/storage and data collection elements were held constant between sites. Results: Adapting our consenting approach enabled maintaining study enrollment during the pandemic. The pandemic amplified issues related to contracting, onboarding, and IRB approval. Maintaining continuity in sample management and clinical data collection allowed for pooling of information between sites. Conclusions: Adaptability is key to maintaining network sites. Rapidly changing guidelines for beginning and continuing research during the pandemic required frequent intra- and inter-institutional communication to navigate.

Published
2022
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8. Efficient SABRE-SHEATH Hyperpolarization of Potent Branched-Chain-Amino-Acid Metabolic Probe [1-13C]ketoisocaproate

Author

Isaiah Adelabu, Md Raduanul H. Chowdhury, Shiraz Nantogma, Clementinah Oladun, Firoz Ahmed, Lukas Stilgenbauer, Marianna Sadagurski, Thomas Theis, Boyd M. Goodson, and Eduard Y. Chekmenev

Subjects
NMR, hyperpolarization, carbon-13, ketoisocaproate, signal amplification by reversible exchange, SABRE-SHEATH, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Efficient 13C hyperpolarization of ketoisocaproate is demonstrated in natural isotopic abundance and [1-13C]enriched forms via SABRE-SHEATH (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei). Parahydrogen, as the source of nuclear spin order, and ketoisocaproate undergo simultaneous chemical exchange with an Ir-IMes-based hexacoordinate complex in CD3OD. SABRE-SHEATH enables spontaneous polarization transfer from parahydrogen-derived hydrides to the 13C nucleus of transiently bound ketoisocaproate. 13C polarization values of up to 18% are achieved at the 1-13C site in 1 min in the liquid state at 30 mM substrate concentration. The efficient polarization build-up becomes possible due to favorable relaxation dynamics. Specifically, the exponential build-up time constant (14.3 ± 0.6 s) is substantially lower than the corresponding polarization decay time constant (22.8 ± 1.2 s) at the optimum polarization transfer field (0.4 microtesla) and temperature (10 °C). The experiments with natural abundance ketoisocaproate revealed polarization level on the 13C-2 site of less than 1%—i.e., one order of magnitude lower than that of the 1-13C site—which is only partially due to more-efficient relaxation dynamics in sub-microtesla fields. We rationalize the overall much lower 13C-2 polarization efficiency in part by less favorable catalyst-binding dynamics of the C-2 site. Pilot SABRE experiments at pH 4.0 (acidified sample) versus pH 6.1 (unaltered sodium [1-13C]ketoisocaproate) reveal substantial modulation of SABRE-SHEATH processes by pH, warranting future systematic pH titration studies of ketoisocaproate, as well as other structurally similar ketocarboxylate motifs including pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate, with the overarching goal of maximizing 13C polarization levels in these potent molecular probes. Finally, we also report on the pilot post-mortem use of HP [1-13C]ketoisocaproate in a euthanized mouse, demonstrating that SABRE-hyperpolarized 13C contrast agents hold promise for future metabolic studies.

Published
2023
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9. Hyperpolarizing DNA Nucleobases via NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange

Author

Bryce E. Kidd, Max E. Gemeinhardt, Jamil A. Mashni, Jonathan L. Gesiorski, Liana B. Bales, Miranda N. Limbach, Roman V. Shchepin, Kirill V. Kovtunov, Igor V. Koptyug, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, and Boyd M. Goodson

Subjects
hyperpolarization, SABRE, PHIP, nucleic acids, NMR & MRI, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

The present work investigates the potential for enhancing the NMR signals of DNA nucleobases by parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization. Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and SABRE in Shield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH) of selected DNA nucleobases is demonstrated with the enhancement (ε) of 1H, 15N, and/or 13C spins in 3-methyladenine, cytosine, and 6-O-guanine. Solutions of the standard SABRE homogenous catalyst Ir(1,5-cyclooctadeine)(1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolium)Cl (“IrIMes”) and a given nucleobase in deuterated ethanol/water solutions yielded low 1H ε values (≤10), likely reflecting weak catalyst binding. However, we achieved natural-abundance enhancement of 15N signals for 3-methyladenine of ~3300 and ~1900 for the imidazole ring nitrogen atoms. 1H and 15N 3-methyladenine studies revealed that methylation of adenine affords preferential binding of the imidazole ring over the pyrimidine ring. Interestingly, signal enhancements (ε~240) of both 15N atoms for doubly labelled cytosine reveal the preferential binding of specific tautomer(s), thus giving insight into the matching of polarization-transfer and tautomerization time scales. 13C enhancements of up to nearly 50-fold were also obtained for this cytosine isotopomer. These efforts may enable the future investigation of processes underlying cellular function and/or dysfunction, including how DNA nucleobase tautomerization influences mismatching in base-pairing.

Published
2023
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10. Dissemination and continuous improvement of a CTSA-based software platform, SPARCRequest©, using an open source governance model

Author

Wenjun He, Royce Sampson, Jihad Obeid, Kyle Hutson, Boyd M. Knosp, Bernard A. LaSalle, Brian Melancon, Kimberly McGhee, Leslie A. Lenert, and Kathleen Brady

Subjects
Open source governance, research management system, modular code, SPARCRequest©, CTSA, digital ecosystems, metric tracking, budgeting, South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research Institute, clinical research, Medicine
Abstract

SPARCRequest© (Services, Pricing, & Application for Research Centers) is a web-based research management system that provides a modular and adaptable “electronic storefront” for research-related services. Developed by the South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research Institute at the Medical University of South Carolina, it was released as open source (OS) code in 2014. The adoption of SPARCRequest© accelerated in 2016, when, to ensure responsiveness to the needs of partners, its governance also became open. This governance model enables OS partners to suggest and prioritize features for new releases. As a result, the software code has become more modularized and can be easily customized to meet the diverse needs of adopting hubs. This article describes innovative aspects of the OS governance model, including a multi-institutional committee structure to set strategic vision, make operational decisions, and develop technical solutions; a virtual roadmap that ensures transparency and aligns adopters with release-based goals; and a business process model that provides a robust voting mechanism for prioritizing new features while also enabling fast-paced bug fixes. OS software evolves best in open governance environments. OS governance has made SPARCRequest© more responsive to user needs, attracted more adopters, and increased the proportion of code contributed by adopters.

Published
2019
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11. Pilot Quality-Assurance Study of a Third-Generation Batch-Mode Clinical-Scale Automated Xenon-129 Hyperpolarizer

Author

Jonathan R. Birchall, Md Raduanul H. Chowdhury, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Yuri A. Chekmenev, Anton Shcherbakov, Michael J. Barlow, Boyd M. Goodson, and Eduard Y. Chekmenev

Subjects
NMR, hyperpolarization, MRI, Xenon-129, Xenon, spin exchange optical pumping, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

We present a pilot quality assurance (QA) study of a clinical-scale, automated, third-generation (GEN-3) 129Xe hyperpolarizer employing batch-mode spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) with high-Xe densities (50% natural abundance Xe and 50% N2 in ~2.6 atm total pressure sourced from Nova Gas Technologies) and rapid temperature ramping enabled by an aluminum heating jacket surrounding the 0.5 L SEOP cell. 129Xe hyperpolarization was performed over the course of 700 gas loading cycles of the SEOP cell, simulating long-term hyperpolarized contrast agent production in a clinical lung imaging setting. High levels of 129Xe polarization (avg. %PXe = 51.0% with standard deviation σPXe = 3.0%) were recorded with fast 129Xe polarization build-up time constants (avg. Tb = 25.1 min with standard deviation σTb = 3.1 min) across the first 500 SEOP cell refills, using moderate temperatures of 75 °C. These results demonstrate a more than 2-fold increase in build-up rate relative to previously demonstrated results in a comparable QA study on a second-generation (GEN-2) 129Xe hyperpolarizer device, with only a minor reduction in maximum achievable %PXe and with greater consistency over a larger number of SEOP cell refill processes at a similar polarization lifetime duration (avg. T1 = 82.4 min, standard deviation σT1 = 10.8 min). Additionally, the effects of varying SEOP jacket temperatures, distribution of Rb metal, and preparation and operation of the fluid path are quantified in the context of device installation, performance optimization and maintenance to consistently produce high 129Xe polarization values, build-up rates (Tb as low as 6 min) and lifetimes over the course of a typical high-throughput 129Xe polarization SEOP cell life cycle. The results presented further demonstrate the significant potential for hyperpolarized 129Xe contrast agent in imaging and bio-sensing applications on a clinical scale.

Published
2022
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12. Research IT maturity models for academic health centers: Early development and initial evaluation

Author

Boyd M. Knosp, William K. Barnett, Nicholas R. Anderson, and Peter J. Embi

Subjects
Maturity models, research informatics, research information technology, biomedical informatics, CTSA., Medicine
Abstract

This paper proposes the creation and application of maturity models to guide institutional strategic investment in research informatics and information technology (research IT) and to provide the ability to measure readiness for clinical and research infrastructure as well as sustainability of expertise. Conducting effective and efficient research in health science increasingly relies upon robust research IT systems and capabilities. Academic health centers are increasing investments in health IT systems to address operational pressures, including rapidly growing data, technological advances, and increasing security and regulatory challenges associated with data access requirements. Current approaches for planning and investment in research IT infrastructure vary across institutions and lack comparable guidance for evaluating investments, resulting in inconsistent approaches to research IT implementation across peer academic health centers as well as uncertainty in linking research IT investments to institutional goals. Maturity models address these issues through coupling the assessment of current organizational state with readiness for deployment of potential research IT investment, which can inform leadership strategy. Pilot work in maturity model development has ranged from using them as a catalyst for engaging medical school IT leaders in planning at a single institution to developing initial maturity indices that have been applied and refined across peer medical schools.

Published
2018
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13. Sequence-Independent DNA Adsorption on Few-Layered Oxygen-Functionalized Graphene Electrodes: An Electrochemical Study for Biosensing Application

Author

Narges Asefifeyzabadi, Torrey E. Holland, Poopalasingam Sivakumar, Saikat Talapatra, Ishani M. Senanayake, Boyd M. Goodson, and Mohtashim H. Shamsi

Subjects
DNA biosensors, graphene electrodes, inkjet-printing, trinucleotide repeats, label-free, electrochemical biosensors, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

DNA is strongly adsorbed on oxidized graphene surfaces in the presence of divalent cations. Here, we studied the effect of DNA adsorption on electrochemical charge transfer at few-layered, oxygen-functionalized graphene (GOx) electrodes. DNA adsorption on the inkjet-printed GOx electrodes caused amplified current response from ferro/ferricyanide redox probe at concentration range 1 aM–10 nM in differential pulse voltammetry. We studied a number of variables that may affect the current response of the interface: sequence type, conformation, concentration, length, and ionic strength. Later, we showed a proof-of-concept DNA biosensing application, which is free from chemical immobilization of the probe and sensitive at attomolar concentration regime. We propose that GOx electrodes promise a low-cost solution to fabricate a highly sensitive platform for label-free and chemisorption-free DNA biosensing.

Published
2021
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16. Characterization of a reversible thermally-actuated polymer-valve: A potential dynamic treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Author

Justin S Baba, Timothy E McKnight, M Nance Ericson, Anthony Johnson, Kenneth J Moise, and Boyd M Evans

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BackgroundCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a fetal defect comprising an incomplete diaphragm and the herniation of abdominal organs into the chest cavity that interfere with fetal pulmonary development. Though the most promising treatment for CDH is via interventional fetoscopic tracheal occlusion (TO) surgery in-utero, it has produced mixed results due to the static nature of the inserted occlusion. We hypothesize that a suitable noninvasively-actuatable, cyclic-release tracheal occlusion device can be developed to enable dynamic tracheal occlusion (dTO) implementation.ObjectiveTo conduct an in-vitro proof-of-concept investigation of the construction of thermo-responsive polymer valves designed for targeted activation within a physiologically realizable temperature range as a first step towards potential development of a noninvasively-actuatable implantable device to facilitate dynamic tracheal occlusion (dTO) therapy.MethodsSix thermo-responsive polymer valves, with a critical solution temperature slightly higher than normal physiological body temperature of 37°C, were fabricated using a copolymer of n-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and dimethylacrylamide (DMAA). Three of the valves underwent ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization while the other three served as controls for EtO-processing compatibility testing. Thermal response actuation of the valves and their steady-state flow performances were evaluated using water and caprine amniotic fluid.ResultsAll six valves consisting of 0.3-mole fraction of DMAA were tested for thermal actuation of caprine amniotic fluid flow at temperatures ranging from 30-44°C. They all exhibited initiation of valve actuation opening at ~40°C with full completion at ~44°C. The overall average coefficient of variation (CV) for the day-to-day flow performance of the valves tested was less than 12%. Based on a Student t-test, there was no significant difference in the operational characteristics for the EtO processed versus the non-EtO processed valves tested.ConclusionsWe successfully fabricated and demonstrated physiological realizable temperature range operation of thermo-responsive polymer valves in-vitro and their suitability for standard EtO sterilization processing, a prerequisite for future in-vivo surgical implantation testing.

Published
2018
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17. A Compact Dication Source for Ba$^{2+}$ Tagging and Heavy Metal Ion Sensor Development

Author

Navarro, K. E., Jones, B. J. P., Baeza-Rubio, J., Boyd, M., Denisenko, A. A., Foss, F. W., Giri, S., Miller, R., Nygren, D. R., Tiscareno, M. R., Samaniego, F. J., Stogsdill, K., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Bounasser, S., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Carrión, J. V., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Fahs, A., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Freitas, E. D. C., Freixa, Z., Generowicz, J., Goldschmidt, A., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J., Guenette, R., Haefner, J., Hafidi, K., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ho, J., Ho, P., Ifergan, Y., Labarga, L., Larizgoitia, L., Lebrun, P., Gutierrez, D. Lopez, López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Meziani, Z. E., Mistry, K., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Vidal, J. Muñoz, Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Oblak, E., Odriozola-Gimeno, M., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Pelegrín, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rodríguez, J., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Simón, A., Sorel, M., Stanford, C., Teixeira, J. M. R., Toledo, J. F., Torrent, J., Usón, A., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Vuong, T. T., Waiton, J., and White, J. T.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present a tunable metal ion beam that delivers controllable ion currents in the picoamp range for testing of dry-phase ion sensors. Ion beams are formed by sequential atomic evaporation and single or multiple electron impact ionization, followed by acceleration into a sensing region. Controllability of the ionic charge state is achieved through tuning of electrode potentials that influence the retention time in the ionization region. Barium, lead, and cobalt samples have been used to test the system, with ion currents identified and quantified using a quadrupole mass analyzer. Realization of a clean $\mathrm{Ba^{2+}}$ ion beam within a bench-top system represents an important technical advance toward the development and characterization of barium tagging systems for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon gas. This system also provides a testbed for investigation of novel ion sensing methodologies for environmental assay applications, with dication beams of Pb$^{2+}$ and Cd$^{2+}$ also demonstrated for this purpose.

Published
2023
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18. Comorbidities associated with Sjögren's syndrome: Results from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

Author

Terah Koch, Ibtisam Al-Hashimi, Boyd M. Koffman, Abhishek Deshpande, and Sadik A. Khuder

Subjects
Sjögren’s syndrome, autoimmune diseases, comorbidities, HCUP data, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Although multiple comorbidities associated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) have been reported, reliable data regarding the prevalence of specific comorbidities among patients with SS remain sparse. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and risk for a broad spectrum of medical conditions among patients with SS in the United States. The Health Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data was utilized in order to investigate 29 different comorbidities among SS patients. Between the years 2007 to 2009 there were 19,127 admissions with SS listed as principal diagnosis (1.3%) and secondary diagnosis (98.7%). Compared with 57,381 controls, SS patients had significantly higher prevalence of lymphoma (OR 1.6), valvular disease (OR 1.42), congestive heart failure (OR 1.28), hypothyroidism (OR 1.24), paralysis (OR 1.24), deficiency anemia (OR 1.16), depression (OR 1.18), neurological disorders (OR 1.17), and chronic pulmonary disease (OR 1.07). SS is associated with substantial medical conditions that may impact morbidity and mortality as well as quality of life for individuals suffering from SS.

Published
2014
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19. A Rotterdam Application to International Trade in Fresh Apples: A Differential Approach

Author

James L. Seale Jr., Amy L. Sparks, and Boyd M. Buxton

Subjects
elasticities, import demand, multistage budgeting, rotterdam model, separability, working's model, Agriculture
Abstract

A Rotterdam import allocation model is used to fit import data for fresh apples in four importing markets important to U.S. apple exporters. Nested tests rejected homotheticity but could not reject homogeneity, symmetry, or separability among import suppliers. A Monte Carlo test rejected first-order autocorrelation in each market. Expenditure and price elasticities are calculated and reported.

Published
1992
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22. Two-Orders-of-Magnitude Improvement in the Total Spin Angular Momentum of 131Xe Nuclei Using Spin Exchange Optical Pumping

Author

Molway, Michael J., Bales-Shaffer, Liana, Ranta, Kaili, Basler, Dustin, Murphy, Megan, Kidd, Bryce E., Gafar, Abdulbasit Tobi, Porter, Justin, Albin, Kierstyn, Goodson, Boyd M., Chekmenev, Eduard Y., Rosen, Matthew S., Snow, W. Michael, Ball, James, Sparling, Eleanor, Prince, Mia, Cocking, Daniel, and Barlow, Michael J.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on hyperpolarization of quadrupolar (I=3/2) 131Xe via spin-exchange optical pumping. Observations of the 131Xe polarization dynamics show that the effective alkali-metal/131Xe spin-exchange cross-sections are large enough to compete with 131Xe spin relaxation. 131Xe polarization up to 7.6 p/m 1.5 percent was achieved in ca. 8.5EE20 spins--a ca. 100-fold improvement in the total spin angular momentum--enabling applications including measurement of spin-dependent neutron-131Xe s-wave scattering and sensitive searches for time-reversal violation in neutron-131Xe interactions beyond the Standard Model., Comment: 6 page main document plus 23 page Supplemental Information (SI) document

Published
2021

25. Dramatic improvement in the “Bulk” hyperpolarization of [formula omitted]Xe via spin exchange optical pumping probed using in situ low-field NMR

Author

Molway, Michael J., Bales-Shaffer, Liana, Ranta, Kaili, Ball, James, Sparling, Eleanor, Prince, Mia, Cocking, Daniel, Basler, Dustin, Murphy, Megan, Kidd, Bryce E., Gafar, Abdulbasit Tobi, Porter, Justin, Albin, Kierstyn, Rosen, Matthew S., Chekmenev, Eduard Y., Michael Snow, W., Barlow, Michael J., and Goodson, Boyd M.

Published
2023
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27. Toward Next-Generation Molecular Imaging with a Clinical Low-Field (0.064 T) Point-of-Care MRI Scanner

Author

Iqbal, Nadiya, primary, Brittin, Drew O., additional, Daluwathumullagamage, Praveen J., additional, Alam, Md Shahabuddin, additional, Senanayake, Ishani M., additional, Gafar, A. Tobi, additional, Siraj, Zahid, additional, Petrilla, Anthony, additional, Pugh, Margaret, additional, Tonazzi, Brockton, additional, Ragunathan, Sudarshan, additional, Poorman, Megan E., additional, Sacolick, Laura, additional, Theis, Thomas, additional, Rosen, Matthew S., additional, Chekmenev, Eduard Y., additional, and Goodson, Boyd M., additional

Published
2024
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28. In vivo Metabolic Sensing of Hyperpolarized [1‐13C]Pyruvate in Mice Using a Recyclable Perfluorinated Iridium Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange Catalyst.

Author

Ettedgui, Jessica, Yamamoto, Kazutoshi, Blackman, Burchelle, Koyasu, Norikazu, Raju, Natarajan, Vasalatiy, Olga, Merkle, Hellmut, Chekmenev, Eduard Y., Goodson, Boyd M., Krishna, Murali C., and Swenson, Rolf E.

Subjects
CATALYSTS recycling, IRIDIUM catalysts, POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics), MAGNETIC resonance imaging, WASTE recycling
Abstract

Real‐time visualization of metabolic processes in vivo provides crucial insights into conditions like cancer and metabolic disorders. Metabolic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), by amplifying the signal of pyruvate molecules through hyperpolarization, enables non‐invasive monitoring of metabolic fluxes, aiding in understanding disease progression and treatment response. Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) presents a simpler, cost‐effective alternative to dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, eliminating the need for expensive equipment and complex procedures. We present the first in vivo demonstration of metabolic sensing in a human pancreatic cancer xenograft model compared to healthy mice. A novel perfluorinated Iridium SABRE catalyst in a fluorinated solvent and methanol blend facilitated this breakthrough with a 1.2‐fold increase in [1‐13C]pyruvate SABRE hyperpolarization. The perfluorinated moiety allowed easy separation of the heavy‐metal‐containing catalyst from the hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate target. The perfluorinated catalyst exhibited recyclability, maintaining SABRE‐SHEATH activity through subsequent hyperpolarization cycles with minimal activity loss after the initial two cycles. Remarkably, the catalyst retained activity for at least 10 cycles, with a 3.3‐fold decrease in hyperpolarization potency. This proof‐of‐concept study encourages wider adoption of SABRE hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MR for studying in vivo metabolism, aiding in diagnosing stages and monitoring treatment responses in cancer and other diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Research IT maturity models for academic health centers: Early development and initial evaluation

Author

Knosp, Boyd M, Barnett, William K, Anderson, Nicholas R, and Embi, Peter J

Subjects
Information and Computing Sciences, Information Systems, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Generic health relevance, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Maturity models, research informatics, research information technology, biomedical informatics, CTSA, CTSA.
Abstract

This paper proposes the creation and application of maturity models to guide institutional strategic investment in research informatics and information technology (research IT) and to provide the ability to measure readiness for clinical and research infrastructure as well as sustainability of expertise. Conducting effective and efficient research in health science increasingly relies upon robust research IT systems and capabilities. Academic health centers are increasing investments in health IT systems to address operational pressures, including rapidly growing data, technological advances, and increasing security and regulatory challenges associated with data access requirements. Current approaches for planning and investment in research IT infrastructure vary across institutions and lack comparable guidance for evaluating investments, resulting in inconsistent approaches to research IT implementation across peer academic health centers as well as uncertainty in linking research IT investments to institutional goals. Maturity models address these issues through coupling the assessment of current organizational state with readiness for deployment of potential research IT investment, which can inform leadership strategy. Pilot work in maturity model development has ranged from using them as a catalyst for engaging medical school IT leaders in planning at a single institution to developing initial maturity indices that have been applied and refined across peer medical schools.

Published
2018

34. Toward Lung Ventilation Imaging Using Hyperpolarized Diethyl Ether Gas Contrast Agent

Author

Ariyasingha, Nuwandi M., primary, Chowdhury, Md Raduanul H., additional, Samoilenko, Anna, additional, Salnikov, Oleg G., additional, Chukanov, Nikita V., additional, Kovtunova, Larisa M., additional, Bukhtiyarov, Valerii I., additional, Shi, Zhongjie, additional, Luo, Kehuan, additional, Tan, Sidhartha, additional, Koptyug, Igor V., additional, Goodson, Boyd M., additional, and Chekmenev, Eduard Y., additional

Published
2024
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38. Low-Cost Purpose-Built Ultra-Low-Field NMR Spectrometer

Author

Chowdhury, Md Raduanul H., Ahmed, Firoz, Oladun, Clementinah, Adelabu, Isaiah, Abdurraheem, Abubakar, Nantogma, Shiraz, Birchall, Jonathan R., Gafar, Tobi Abdulbasit, Chekmenev, Yuri A., Nikolaou, Panayiotis, Barlow, Michael J., Goodson, Boyd M., Shcherbakov, Anton, and Chekmenev, Eduard Y.

Abstract

Low-field NMR has emerged as a new analytical technique for the investigation of molecular structure and dynamics. Here, we introduce a highly integrated ultralow-frequency NMR spectrometer designed for the purpose of ultralow-field NMR polarimetry of hyperpolarized contrast media. The device measures 10 cm × 10 cm × 2.0 cm and weighs only 370 g. The spectrometer’s aluminum enclosure contains all components, including an RF amplifier. The device has four ports for connecting to a high-impedance RF transmit-receive coil, a trigger input, a USB port for connectivity to a PC computer, and an auxiliary RS-485/24VDC port for system integration with other devices. The NMR spectrometer is configured for a pulse-wait-acquire-recover pulse sequence, and key sequence parameters are readily controlled by a graphical user interface (GUI) of a Windows-based PC computer. The GUI also displays the time-domain and Fourier-transformed NMR signal and allows autosaving of NMR data as a CSV file. Alternatively, the RS485 communication line allows for operating the device with sequence parameter control and data processing directly on the spectrometer board in a fully automated and integrated manner. The NMR spectrometer, equipped with a 250 ksamples/s 17-bit analog-to-digital signal converter, can perform acquisition in the 1–125 kHz frequency range. The utility of the device is demonstrated for NMR polarimetry of hyperpolarized 129Xe gas and [1-13C]pyruvate contrast media (which was compared to the 13C polarimetry using a more established technology of benchtop 13C NMR spectroscopy, and yielded similar results), allowing reproducible quantification of polarization values and relaxation dynamics. The cost of the device components is only ∼$200, offering a low-cost integrated NMR spectrometer that can be deployed as a plug-and-play device for a wide range of applications in hyperpolarized contrast media production─and beyond.

Published
2024
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39. Synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2@α-Fe2O3/TiO2-rGO nanohybrids for heterogeneous photocatalytic transformation of lignocellulosic biomass.

Author

Baral, Sudip, Xia, Chunjie, Senanayake, Ishani M., Yang, Haoran, Jinon, Elise, Cameron, Cole, Goodson, Boyd M., Qin, Yuhong, and Liu, Jia

Abstract

This study explored mild and cost-effective conditions for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported magnetic core double-shell nanomaterials were successfully synthesized by an innovative four-step approach. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were first produced to act as cores without using any surfactants. The magnetite/silica core–shell structure was then prepared by hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane in the presence of core particles under alkaline conditions. The outermost shell, the α-Fe2O3/TiO2 layer, was grown over a magnetic core of Fe3O4@SiO2 using a co-precipitation and calcination approach. Furthermore, nanohybrids were fabricated by loading Fe3O4@SiO2@α-Fe2O3/TiO2 nanoparticles on rGO using a hydrothermal method. Nanomaterial characterization by vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed both nanomaterials with and without rGO support are soft ferromagnetic and the presence of Fe3O4, TiO2, Fe2O3 and SiO2 in both nanomaterials. The nanohybrids exhibited increasing photocurrent as a function of illumination by cool white fluorescent light, and their magnetic property enabled the particles to be magnetically separated for recycling and reuse. The efficient photoactivity of the Fe3O4@SiO2@α-Fe2O3/TiO2-rGO nanohybrids was confirmed for conversion of two lignocellulose model compounds: 83.9% for conversion of D-xylose, and production of 0.49 mol lactic acid for conversion of 1 kg of sodium lignosulfonate; these results represent an improvement compared to the core double-shell nanoparticle without rGO support. Increased productivities were also obtained for four other products in conversion of sodium lignosulfonate using the rGO-supported nanomaterials compared to the ones without rGO support. These findings indicate that the rGO support improved the properties of Fe3O4@SiO2@α-Fe2O3/TiO2, possibly by acting as an electron acceptor—thereby avoiding high recombination of electron–hole pairs and increasing the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Our primary results suggest that the approach exemplified by the produced photocatalysts may potentially lead to cost-effective and environment-friendly strategies for reducing lignocellulosic biomass and generating value-added chemicals in large scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. MATRESHCA: Microtesla Apparatus for Transfer of Resonance Enhancement of Spin Hyperpolarization via Chemical Exchange and Addition

Author

Nantogma, Shiraz, primary, Chowdhury, Md Raduanul H., additional, Kabir, Mohammad S. H., additional, Adelabu, Isaiah, additional, Joshi, Sameer M., additional, Samoilenko, Anna, additional, de Maissin, Henri, additional, Schmidt, Andreas B., additional, Nikolaou, Panayiotis, additional, Chekmenev, Yuri A., additional, Salnikov, Oleg G., additional, Chukanov, Nikita V., additional, Koptyug, Igor V., additional, Goodson, Boyd M., additional, and Chekmenev, Eduard Y., additional

Published
2024
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46. Safety and efficacy of intraperitoneal drain placement after emergency colorectal surgery: An international, prospective cohort study

Author

Sgro, A, Blanco-Colino, R, Ahmed, W, Brindl, N, Gujjuri, R, Lapolla, P, Mills, E, Perez-Ajates, S, Soares, A, Varghese, C, Xu, W, Mclean, K, Chapman, S, Espin-Basany, E, Glasbey, J, Mihaljevic, A, Nepogodiev, D, Pata, F, Pellino, G, Pockney, P, Dudi-Venkata, N, Egoroff, N, Ludbrook, I, Raubenheimer, K, Richards, T, Delibegovic, S, Salibasic, M, Amjad, T, Dorr-Harim, C, Gedeon, N, Gsenger, J, Tachezy, M, Bini, S, Gallo, G, Gori, A, Picciariello, A, Podda, M, Riboni, C, Machatschek, M, Nguyen, A, Jakubauskas, M, Kryzauskas, M, Poskus, T, Kuiper, S, Wang, J, Wells, C, Bissett, I, Augestad, K, Steinholt, I, Vieira, B, Juloski, J, Anabitarte Bautista, O, Kasmy El Kasmy, Y, Martin-Borregon, P, Ossola Revilla, M, Van Straten, S, Aktas, M, Baki, B, Akhbari, M, Baker, D, Bhatia, S, Brown, S, Cambridge, W, Kamarajah, S, Khaw, R, Kouli, O, Murray, V, Trout, I, Yasin, I, Wong, J, Reyhani, H, Wong, K, Pancharatnam, R, Chia, W, Walmsley, A, Hassane, A, Saeed, D, Wang, B, Walters, B, Nowinka, Z, Alsaif, A, Mirza, M, Foster, K, Luu, J, Kakodkar, P, Hughes, J, Yogarajah, T, Antypas, A, Rahman, A, Bradbury, M, Mclarnon, M, Nagi, S, Riad, A, Erotocritou, M, Kyriacou, H, Kaminskaite, V, Alfadhel, S, Fatimah Hussain, Q, Handa, A, Massy-Westropp, C, Custovic, S, Dimov, R, Mughal, H, Slavchev, M, Ivanov, T, Gouvas, N, Hegazi, A, Kocian, P, Kjaer, M, Mark-Christensen, A, Papakonstantinou, D, Machairas, N, Triantafyllou, T, Garoufalia, Z, Korkolis, D, Castaldi, A, Giaccari, S, Spolverato, G, Pagano, G, Milone, M, Turri, G, Colombo, F, Cucinotta, E, Poillucci, G, Perra, T, Tutino, R, Belia, F, Coletta, D, Belli, A, Rega, D, Cianci, P, Pirozzolo, G, Di Lena, M, Perrone, F, Giani, A, Lovisetto, F, Grassia, M, Pipitone Federico, N, Ferrara, F, Biancafarina, A, Tamini, N, Sinibaldi, G, Tuminello, F, Galleano, R, Sasia, D, Bragaglia, L, de Manzoni Garberini, A, Pesce, A, Cassaro, F, Venturelli, P, Canu, G, Esposito, G, Campanelli, M, Cardia, R, Ricciardiello, M, Sagnotta, A, Canonico, G, De Marco, G, Cappiello, A, Pinotti, E, Carlei, F, Lisi, G, Bagaglini, G, Farrugia, M, Meima - van Praag, E, Monteiro, C, Pereira, M, Botelho, P, Quigley, A, O'Neill, A, Gaule, L, Crone, L, Arnold, A, Grama, F, Beuca, A, Tulina, I, Litvin, A, Panyko, A, Ossola, M, Trujillo Diaz, J, Marin Santos, J, Alonso Batanero, E, Gortazar de las Casas, S, Soldevila Verdeguer, C, Colas-Ruiz, E, Talal El-Abur, I, Garcia Dominguez, M, Delorme, M, Sauvain, M, Ozmen, B, Ozkan, B, Calikoglu, F, Kural, S, Zafer, F, Kaya, Y, Yalcinkaya, A, Kargici, K, Tepe, M, Tatar, O, Kabadayi, E, Yildirim, A, Hurmuzlu, D, Korkmaz, K, Sharma, P, Troller, R, Hagan, N, Mooney, J, Light, A, Tansey, M, Bhojwani, D, Mcging, R, Mallon, A, Fadel, M, Spilsbury, C, James, R, O'Brien, S, Isaac, A, Balasubramanya, S, Sadik, H, Gala, T, Chen, J, Turner, B, Goh, E, Hassan, K, Karam, M, Mason, P, Tzoumas, N, Noton, T, Seehra, J, Ahmed, N, Motiwale, R, Tanna, V, Argyriou, A, Bylapudi, S, Grace, N, Latif, S, Hounat, A, Kiam, J, Zaidi, M, Elsamani, K, Hughes, C, Suresh, A, Sinan, L, El-Dalil, D, Khoo, E, Salim, E, Stark, D, Minhas, N, Fowler, G, Rees, E, Giudiceandrea, I, Bardon, A, Jayawardena, P, Dieseru, N, Murphy, A, Yates, C, Ziolkowska, K, Rafie, A, Khoda, F, Okocha, M, Ashdown, T, Vitish-Sharma, P, Gilliland, J, Toh, S, Jones, K, Devine, A, Berry, A, Mcdonnell, S, Olivier, J, Richardson, G, Lim, H, Slim, N, Elsayeh, K, Sammour, T, Sarpanov, A, Belev, N, Dimitrov, D, Dusek, T, Ntomi, V, Sotiropoulos, G, Theodorou, D, Nikiteas, N, Balalis, D, Antropoli, C, Altomare, D, Luglio, G, De Palma, G, Pedrazzani, C, Simonelli, L, Brozzetti, S, Porcu, A, Massani, M, Grazi, G, Izzo, F, Delrio, P, Restini, E, Chetta, G, Lantone, G, Ferrari, G, Lucchi, A, De Prizio, M, Caristo, G, Borghi, F, Petrucciani, N, Huscher, C, Cocorullo, G, Tonini, V, Medas, F, Sica, G, Cillara, N, Anastasi, A, Bianco, F, Giuliani, A, Carlini, M, Selvaggi, F, Sammarco, G, Ozolins, A, Malasonoks, A, Andrejevic, P, Tanis, P, van de Ven, A, Gerhards, M, Ribeiro da Silva, B, Silva, A, Lima, M, Kavanagh, D, Mccawley, N, Bintintan, V, Karamarkovic, A, Sanz Ortega, G, De Andres-Asenjo, B, Nevado Garcia, C, Garcia Florez, L, Segura-Sampedro, J, Blas Laina, J, Ponchietti, L, Buchwald, P, Gialamas, E, Ozben, V, Rencuzogullari, A, Gecim, I, Altinel, Y, Isik, O, Yoldas, T, Isik, A, Leventoglu, S, Erturk, M, Guner, A, Guler, S, Attaallah, W, Ugur, M, Ozbalci, G, Marzook, H, Eardley, N, Smolarek, S, Morgan, R, Roxburgh, C, Lala, A, Salama, Y, Singh, B, Khanna, A, Evans, M, Shaikh, I, Maradi Thippeswamy, K, Appleton, B, Moug, S, Smith, I, Smart, N, Shah, P, Williams, G, Khera, G, Goede, A, Varcada, M, Parmar, C, Duff, S, Hargest, R, Marriott, P, Speake, D, Ben Sassi, A, Furfaro, B, Daudu, D, Golijanin, N, Yek, W, Capasso, G, Mansour, L, Niu, N, Seow, W, Hamidovic, A, Kulovic, E, Letic, E, Aljic, A, Helez, M, Banji-Kelan, A, Dimitrova, N, Kavradjieva, P, Ivanov, V, Jukaku, A, Hadzhiev, D, Gabarski, A, Karamanliev, M, Vladova, P, Iliev, S, Yotsov, T, Epsilonupsilonsigmataualphathetaiotaomicronupsilon, E, Vetsa, K, Stavrinidou, O, Papatheodorou, P, Liassides, T, Georgiou, T, Al Nassrallah, M, Altaf, R, Negametzyanov, M, Zagibova, D, Foltys, F, Stefanova, H, Paspala, A, Bompetsi, G, Sidiropoulos, T, Stamopoulos, P, Triantafyllou, A, Theodoropoulos, C, Kimpizi, A, Palyvou, T, Charalabopoulos, A, Syllaios, A, Schizas, D, Liatsou, E, Baili, E, Vagios, I, Tomara, N, Davakis, S, Palumbo, A, Foroni, F, Dibra, R, Papagni, V, Urbani, A, Rossin, E, Nezi, G, Romano, P, Amendola, A, Esposito, E, Manigrasso, M, Anoldo, P, Vertaldi, S, Gecchele, G, Sabrina, Z, Guerci, C, Cammarata, F, Lamperti, G, Zaffaroni, G, Benuzzi, L, Ferrario, L, Cigognini, M, Mazzeo, C, Badessi, G, Pintabona, G, Fassari, A, Mingoli, A, Cirillo, B, D'Alterio, C, Brachini, G, Tancredi, M, Zambon, M, Aulicino, M, Sapienza, P, Liberatore, P, Scanu, A, Feo, C, Iacomino, A, Pelizzo, P, Rossi, S, Vigna, S, Grossi, U, Grillo, V, Agnes, A, Schena, C, Marincola, G, Oddi, A, Perotti, B, Mario, V, Perri, P, Zazza, S, Aversano, A, Scala, D, Di Lauro, K, Leongito, M, Piccirillo, M, Patrone, R, Capuzzolo, S, Vignotto, C, Bao, Q, Giuseppe, C, Angarano, E, Marino, F, Pezzolla, F, Gigante, G, Magistro, C, Crippa, J, Maspero, M, Carnevali, P, Trapani, R, Zonta, S, Agostinelli, L, Vittori, L, Romeo, L, Doria, E, Farnesi, F, Danna, R, Andolfi, E, Pellicano', G, Angelini, M, Scricciolo, M, Zanframundo, C, Ciulli, C, Ripamonti, L, Cigagna, L, Oldani, M, Larcinese, A, Rossi, D, Picone, E, Crescentini, G, Marano, A, Migliore, M, Giuffrida, M, Palagi, S, Testa, V, Borrello, A, Lucarini, A, Garofalo, E, Canali, G, Orlandi, P, Nervegna, F, Marchegiani, F, Damoli, I, Licata, A, Trovato, C, Alicata, F, Sardo, F, Milazzo, M, Randisi, B, Dominici, D, Sartarelli, L, Zanni, M, Pisanu, A, Soddu, C, Delogu, D, Erdas, E, Campus, F, Cappellacci, F, Casti, F, Marcialis, J, Atzeni, J, Sensi, B, Franceschilli, M, Bellato, V, Cannavera, A, Putzu, G, di Mola, F, Picardi, B, Solinas, L, 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Kapustina, A, Mekhralyzade, A, Zabiyaka, M, Jankovic, U, Cuk, V, Hajska, M, Dubovsky, M, Hrosova, M, Ferancikova, N, Camarero Rodriguez, E, Laguna Alcantara, F, Adarraga, J, Jezieniecki, C, Ruiz Soriano, M, Gomez Sanz, T, Suarez, A, Sanchez Garcia, C, Cifrian Canales, I, Llosa Perez, J, Merayo, M, Urbieta, A, Gegundez Simon, A, Tone, J, Gazo Martinez, J, Vicario Bravo, M, Chavarrias, N, Gil Catalan, A, Oseira, A, Villalonga, B, Jeri, S, Perez Calvo, J, Nogues, A, Cros, B, Yanez, C, Utrilla Fornals, A, Roldon Golet, M, Colsa, P, Gimenez Maurel, T, Axmarker, T, Chevallay, M, Pham, T, Sel, E, Atar, C, Aba, M, Sarkin, M, Akkaya, Y, Durmaz, A, Gullu, H, Boga, A, Aktas, A, Bakar, B, Demirel, M, Hysejni, X, Taser, M, Guzel, O, Bozbiyik, O, Ozen, D, Olmez, M, Uyar, B, Gulcek, E, Kayacan, G, Atici, N, Gul, O, Altiner, S, Ibis, B, Altunsu, S, Banaz, T, Diler, C, Demirbas, I, Usta, M, Erkul, O, Orman, R, Salih, S, Utkan, N, Acil, C, Ozgur, E, Maddahali, M, Turhan, A, Eskici, A, Ular, B, Dogru, M, 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S., Szal A., Khan A., O'Sullivan C., Baker E., Joseph-Gubral J., Hadley E., Trivedi R., Igwelaezoh E., Barton H., Allison W., Hurst W., Alam F., Parkes I., Jamshaid M., Azizan N., Burgher T., Afzal A., Eltilib I., Zahid M., Sadiq O., Lloyd A., Ho R., Brazukas A., Li C. H., Kamdar M., Mohamed Nazeer M. N., Mighiu A., Kim D., Wilkins L., Kuo L., Rafe T., Maduka D., Cheema H., Farag K., Abdellatif M., Nzewi R., Kruczynska A., Grasselli H., Yousuff M., Bassi R., Mann A. K., Chopra J., Shaikh M., D Sa S., Tsimplis V., Ghanchi A., Skene E., Asim K., Zaheer M., Chan S., Dalton H., Gibbons K., Adderley O., Chukwujindu I., Jayasuriya I., Sivanu K., Borumand M., Chick G., Bridges I., Tomlin J., McKenna J., Nandra N., Grieco C., Quek F. F., Mercer R., Brankin-Frisby T., Sattar A., Aslam A., Edelsten E., Shafi S., Kouli T., Ford V., Gurung F., Fernandes M., Deader N., Ponniah R., Jamieson S., Davies A., Taubwurcel J., Aung M. T., Desai R., Begum S., Jamadar T., Kangatharan A., Rzeszowski B., Ho C., Yap S. H. K., Prendergast M., Sethi R., Duku A., Lowe C., Bray J., Ghobrial M., Nichita V., Wagstaff A., Rengasamy E., Abu Hassan F., Mahmood H., Savill N., Shah S., Almeida T., Edwards A., Catchpole B., Halford Z., Carmichael A., Alsusa H., Boyd M., Williams J., Feyi-Waboso J., Patel M., Zeidan Z., Bailey E., Bapty J., Brazkiewicz M., Tremlett A., Pringle H., Mankal S., Chung W., Parry-Jones E., Anderson K., Mcforrester A., Stanley A., Hoather A., Wise H., Laid I., Scriven J., Braniste A., Wilson A., Le Blevec L., Pakunwanich N., Evans N., Chong H. L., White C., Hunter J., Haque M., Vanalia P., Murdoch S., Choudhary T., McCann A., Harun A., Shah H., Hunt S., Shafiq Y., Bickley-Morris E., Emms L., Dare M., Akula Y., Deliyannis E., Mayes F., Ellacott M., Zagorac Z., Farren A., Manning C., Hughed C., Stewart E. G., Lim K. H., Chohan N., Thaker A., Thompson B., Ahari D., Burdekin E., Okwu U., Akintunde A., Lhaf F., Douthwaite J., Govindan R., Leelamanthep S., Gull E., Wright F., Dundas L., Mackdermott N., Burchi-Khairy T., Campbell I., Walsh J., Yeo J. Y., Meehan S., Banerjee D., Fu M., Kawka M., Ali T., Hussain Z., Thomas C., Ahmad H., Moroney J., Yick C., Risquet R., Ntuiabane D., Shimato M., Khan M., Ilangovan S., Vaselli N. M., Smithers R., Uhanowita Marage R., Valnarov-Boulter A., Kayran J., Banerjee M., Parekh-Hill N., Hooper A., Bowen J., Jagdish R., Mcquoid C., Khan N., O Hare R., Jeffery S., Zahid A., Elsworth C., Walter L., Dhillon S., Rao S., Anthony A., Ashaye A., Phillips N., Faderani R., Pengelly S., Choi S., Kwak S. Y., Lau Y. H. L., Bagheri K., Ong D. Y. C., Kerr E., Falconer K., Clancy N., Douglas S., Zhang Y., Greenfield F., Mutanga I., McAlinden J., Willis L., Adefolaju A., Agarwal H., Barter R., Harris G., Spencer G., Lee M. W., V Vadiveloo T., Herbert G., Patel R., Shah M., El Falaha S., Wong C., Soare C., Akram J., Bozhkova L., Ma Y., Vo U. G., Tan H. W. N., Leto L., Kamal M. A., Hadzhieva E., Krastev P., Tonchev P., Kokkinos G., Pozotou I., Sabbagh D., Votava J., St F., Koliakos N., Tsaparas P., Zografos G., Mantas D., Tsourouflis G., Fradelos E., Trigiante G., Labellarte G., Resta G., Capelli G., D'Amore A., Verlingieri V., Campagnaro T., Maffioli A., Viscosi F., De Lucia C., Meneghini S., Fancellu A., Colella M., Biondi A., De Peppo V., Pace U., Albino V., Gattulli D., Piangerelli A., Kalivaci D., Sisto G., Mazzola M., Caneparo A., Lunghi E. G., Nespoli L. C., Angrisani M., Langone A., Gelarda E., Virgilio E., Angelini E., Fornasier C., Asero S., Filippone E., Frongia F., Calo P. G., Panaccio P., Ipponi P., Gili S., Braccio B., Tiesi V., Stolcers K., Kokaine L., Novikovs V., Capel L., Bastiaenen V., Heijmans H., Henriques S., Gan S. Z., Ramanayake H., Nolan M., Temperley H., Ciofic E., Pop B. A., Kurtenkov M., Jovanovic M., Vician M., Egea Arias P., Beltran de Heredia J., Labalde Martinez M., De Santiago Alvarez I., Alvarez-Gallego M., Rodriguez Artigas J. M., Dwidar O., Korkmaz H. K., Eray I. C., Meric S., Aydin R., Cetin B., Karaca B. E., Kuyumcu O. F., Yuksel E., Uprak T. K., Karabulut K., Kavukcu E., Mansor A., Hackett R., Zammit-Maempel M., Sabaratnam R., Maan A., Ferarrio I., Dixon L., Halai H., Sethi S., Nelson L., Grassam-rowe A., Krishnan E., Deeny D., McKeever M., George Pandeth A., Dhavala P., Sreenivasan S., Sundaram Venkatesan G., Zhu L., Atiyah Z., Gregory J., Morey T., Seymour Z., Holdsworth L., Abdelmahmoud S., Bourhill J., Bisheet G., Shaw J., Kulkarni K., Kumarakulasingam P., Pillay S., Al-Habsi R., Kungwengwe G., Richards J., Davoudi K., Ibrahim B., Tailor B., Zayed M., Chen F., Bailey S., Sheefat S., Nawaz G., Pawar R., Marsh S., Sam Z. H., Roy Bentley S., Simpson C., Hughes J., Lim Y., Ooi R., Toh W. H., Mannion P., Lovett A., Kincius A., Hussein S., Kirby E., Beckett R. G., Salmon J., Glynn T., Choo S. Y., Lyons S., Browne D., Ravindran W., Ahmad S., Zhu X., McNulty J., McCarthy L., Ng J., Karmally Z., McTeir K., Hanna M., Tan E., Namdeo S., Schembri R., and Pusey E.

Abstract

Aim: Intraperitoneal drains are often placed during emergency colorectal surgery. However, there is a lack of evidence supporting their use. This study aimed to describe the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal drain placement after emergency colorectal surgery. Method: COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery (COMPASS) is a prospective, international, cohort study into which consecutive adult patients undergoing emergency colorectal surgery were enrolled (from 3 February 2020 to 8 March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included rate and time-to-diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections, rate of surgical site infections (SSIs), time to discharge and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo III–V). Multivariable logistic and Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate the independent association of the outcomes with drain placement. Results: Some 725 patients (median age 68.0 years; 349 [48.1%] women) from 22 countries were included. The drain insertion rate was 53.7% (389 patients). Following multivariable adjustment, drains were not significantly associated with reduced rates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.48–5.02, p = 0.457) or earlier detection (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.61–1.90, p = 0.805) of collections. Drains were not significantly associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.67–2.36, p = 0.478), delayed hospital discharge (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.91–1.36, p = 0.303) or increased risk of SSIs (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.87–2.99, p = 0.128). Conclusion: This is the first study investigating placement of intraperitoneal drains following emergency colorectal surgery. The safety and clinical benefit of drains remain uncertain. Equipoise exists for randomized trials to define the safety and efficacy of drains in emergency colorectal surgery.

Published
2023

47. Need for Improved Collection and Harmonization of Rural Maternal Healthcare Data

Author

Donna A. Santillan, Heather A. Davis, Elissa Z. Faro, Boyd M. Knosp, and Mark K. Santillan

Subjects
Rural Population, Pregnancy, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Humans, Female, Maternal Health Services, Delivery of Health Care
Abstract

Representation in data sets is critical to improving healthcare for the largest possible number of people. Unfortunately, pregnancy is a very understudied period of time. Further, the gap in available data is wide between pregnancies in urban areas versus rural areas. There are many limitations in the current data that is available. Herein, we review these limitations and strengths of available data sources. In addition, we propose a new mechanism to enhance the granularity, depth, and speed with which data is made available regarding rural pregnancy.

Published
2023

48. UCAC3 Proper Motion Survey. II. Discovery Of New Proper Motion Stars In UCAC3 With 0.40' yr^-1 > mu >= 0.18' yr^-1 Between Declinations -47 deg and 00 deg

Author

Finch, C. T., Zacharias, N., Boyd, M. R., Henry, T. J., and Hambly, N. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present 474 new proper motion stellar systems in the southern sky having no previously known components, with 0.40" yr^-1 > mu >= 0.18" yr^-1 between declinations -47 deg and 00 deg. In this second paper utilizing the U.S. Naval Observatory third CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC3) we complete our sweep of the southern sky for objects in the proper motion range targeted by this survey with R magnitudes ranging from 9.80 to 19.61. The new systems contribute a ~16% increase in the number of new stellar systems for the same region of sky reported in previous SuperCOSMOS RECONS (SCR) surveys. Among the newly discovered stellar systems are 16 multiples, plus an additional 10 components that are new common proper motion companions to previously known objects. A comparison of UCAC3 proper motions to those from Hipparcos, Tycho-2, Southern Proper Motion (SPM4), and SuperCOSMOS indicates that all proper motions are consistent to ~10 mas/yr, with the exception of SuperCOSMOS. Distance estimates are derived for all stellar systems having SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey (SSS) B_J, R_59F, and I_IVN plate magnitudes and Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) infrared photometry. We find five new red dwarf systems estimated to be within 25 pc. These discoveries support results from previous proper motion surveys suggesting that more nearby stellar systems are to be found, particularly in the fainter, slower moving samples. In this second paper utilizing the U.S. Naval Observatory third CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC3) we complete our sweep of the southern sky for objects in the proper motion range targeted by this survey with R magnitudes ranging from 9.80 to 19.61., Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2011
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49. Rabi Spectroscopy and Excitation Inhomogeneity in a 1D Optical Lattice Clock

Author

Blatt, S., Thomsen, J. W., Campbell, G. K., Ludlow, A. D., Swallows, M. D., Martin, M. J., Boyd, M. M., and Ye, Jun

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We investigate the influence of atomic motion on precision Rabi spectroscopy of ultracold fermionic atoms confined in a deep, one dimensional (1D) optical lattice. We analyze the spectral components of longitudinal sideband spectra and present a model to extract information about the transverse motion and sample temperature from their structure. Rabi spectroscopy of the clock transition itself is also influenced by atomic motion in the weakly confined transverse directions of the optical lattice. By deriving Rabi flopping and Rabi lineshapes of the carrier transition, we obtain a model to quantify trap state dependent excitation inhomogeneities. The inhomogeneously excited ultracold fermions become distinguishable, which allows s-wave collisions. We derive a detailed model of this process and explain observed density shift data in terms of a dynamic mean field shift of the clock transition., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A. Changes to abstract, text, and figures, new reference

Published
2009
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50. Probing Interactions between Ultracold Fermions

Author

Campbell, G. K., Boyd, M. M., Thomsen, J. W., Martin, M. J., Blatt, S., Swallows, M. D., Nicholson, T. L., Fortier, T., Oates, C. W., Diddams, S. A., Lemke, N. D., Naidon, P., Julienne, P., Ye, Jun, and Ludlow, A. D.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

At ultracold temperatures, the Pauli exclusion principle suppresses collisions between identical fermions. This has motivated the development of atomic clocks using fermionic isotopes. However, by probing an optical clock transition with thousands of lattice-confined, ultracold fermionic Sr atoms, we have observed density-dependent collisional frequency shifts. These collision effects have been measured systematically and are supported by a theoretical description attributing them to inhomogeneities in the probe excitation process that render the atoms distinguishable. This work has also yielded insights for zeroing the clock density shift., Comment: accepted to Science

Published
2009
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