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1. Diurnal Variations of Stratospheric Ozone Measured by Ground-Based Microwave Remote Sensing at the Mauna Loa NDACC Site: Measurement Validation and GEOSCCM Model Comparison

Author

Parrish, A, Boyd, I. S, Nedoluha, G. E, Bhartia, P. K, Frith, S. M, Kramarova, N. A, Connor, B. J, Bodeker, G. E, Froidevaux, L, Shiotani, M, and Sakazaki, T

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

There is presently renewed interest in diurnal variations of stratospheric and mesospheric ozone for the purpose of supporting homogenization of records of various ozone measurements that are limited by the technique employed to being made at certain times of day. We have made such measurements for 19 years using a passive microwave remote sensing technique at the Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) in Hawaii, which is a primary station in the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). We have recently reprocessed these data with hourly time resolution to study diurnal variations. We inspected differences between pairs of the ozone spectra (e.g., day and night) from which the ozone profiles are derived to determine the extent to which they may be contaminated by diurnally varying systematic instrumental or measurement effects. These are small, and we have reduced them further by selecting data that meet certain criteria that we established. We have calculated differences between profiles measured at different times: morning-night, afternoon-night, and morning-afternoon and have intercompared these with like profiles derived from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (Aura-MLS), the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder (UARS-MLS),t he Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES), and Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet version 2 (SBUV2) measurements. Differences between averages of coincident profiles are typically less than 1.5 percent of typical nighttime values over most of the covered altitude range with some exceptions. We calculated averages of ozone values for each hour from the Mauna Loa microwave data, and normalized these to the average for the first hour after midnight for comparison with corresponding values calculated with the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Climate Model (GEOSCCM). We found that the measurements and model output mostly agree to better than 1.5 percent of the midnight value, with one noteworthy exception: The measured morning-night values are significantly (2-3 percent) higher than the modeled ones from 3.2 to 1.8 hPa (approximately 39-43 km), and there is evidence that the measured values are increasing compared to the modeled values before sunrise in this region.

Published
2014
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2. Long-term Evolution of Upper Stratospheric Ozone at Selected Stations of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC)

Author

Steinbrecht, W, Claude, H, Schoenenborn, F, McDermid, I. S, LeBlanc, T, Godin, S, Swart, D. P. J, Meijer, Y. J, Bodecker, G. E, Connor, B. J, Kaempfer, N, Hocke, K, Calisesi, Y, delaNoee, Parrish, A. D, Boyd, I. S, Bruehl, C, Steil, B, Manzini, E, Thomason, L. W, Zawodny, J. M, McCormick, M. P, Russell, J. M., III, Bhartia, P. K, and Stolarski, R. S

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The long-term evolution of upper stratospheric ozone has been recorded by lidars and microwave radiometers within the ground-based Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), and by the space-borne Solar Backscatter Ultra-Violet instruments (SBUV), Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE), and Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE). Climatological mean differences between these instruments are typically smaller than 5% between 25 and 50 km. Ozone anomaly time series from all instruments, averaged from 35 to 45 km altitude, track each other very well and typically agree within 3 to 5%. SBUV seems to have a slight positive drift against the other instruments. The corresponding 1979 to 1999 period from a transient simulation by the fully coupled MAECHAM4-CHEM chemistry climate model reproduces many features of the observed anomalies. However, in the upper stratosphere the model shows too low ozone values and too negative ozone trends, probably due to an underestimation of methane and a consequent overestimation of ClO. The combination of all observational data sets provides a very consistent picture, with a long-term stability of 2% or better. Upper stratospheric ozone shows three main features: (1) a decline by 10 to 15% since 1980, due to chemical destruction by chlorine; (2) two to three year fluctuations by 5 to 10%, due to the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO); (3) an 11-year oscillation by about 5%, due to the 11-year solar cycle. The 1979 to 1997 ozone trends are larger at the southern mid-latitude station Lauder (45 S), reaching 8%/decade, compared to only about 6%/decade at Table Mountain (35 N), Haute Provence/Bordeaux (approximately equal to 45 N), and Hohenpeissenberg/Bern(approximately equal to 47 N). At Lauder, Hawaii (20 N), Table Mountain, and Haute Provence, ozone residuals after subtraction of QBO- and solar cycle effects have levelled off in recent years, or are even increasing. Assuming a turning point in January 1997, the change of trend is largest at southern mid-latitude Lauder, +11%/decade, compared to +7%/decade at northern mid-latitudes. This points to a beginning recovery of upper stratospheric ozone. However, chlorine levels are still very high and ozone will remain vulnerable. At this point the most northerly mid-latitude station, Hohenpeissenberg/Bern differs from the other stations, and shows much less clear evidence for a beginning recovery, with a change of trend in 1997 by only +3%/decade. In fact, record low upper stratospheric ozone values were observed at Hohenpeissenberg/Bern, and to a lesser degree at Table Mountain and Haute Provence, in the winters 2003/2004 and 2004/2005.

Published
2006
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4. Analysis of record-breaking low ozone values during the 1997 winter over NDSC Station Lauder, New Zealand

Author

Brinksma, E. J, Meijer, Y. J, Connor, B. J, Manney, G. L, Bergwerff, J. B, Bodeker, G. E, Boyd, I. S, Liley, J. B, Hogervorst, W, Hovenier, J. W, and Swart, D. P. J

Subjects
Environment Pollution
Abstract

During early August 1997, the ozone column density measured over Lauder was unusually low, with a minimum value of 222 Dobson Units (DU) at August 10. These observations are striking since in August, during the Austral winter, the ozone column density should be heading towards its yearly maximum; The August mean ozone column density measured over Lauder between 1987 and 1996 was 348(+/-28) DU, the lowest monthly average in these ten years was 255 DU. Regular altitude profile measurements of ozone, performed at Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) station Lauder, make it possible to do a detailed, altitude-resolved, study of the low ozone observations. The measurements show ozone poor air in two altitude regions of the stratosphere: A 'high region', extending from the 600 K to the 1050 K isentrope (25 to 34 km), and a 'low region', below about 550 K (22 km). High resolution reverse trajectory maps of potential vorticity (PV) and ozone mixing ratio, based on the assumption of passive advection by the large-scale three-dimensional winds, show that in the 'high region' the ozone poor air was part of the polar vortex, which was centered off the pole and extended over Lauder for several days, while in the 'low region' the ozone poor air was mixed in from low latitudes. A rapid recovery of the ozone column density, by more than 110 DU within 24 hours, was observed when in the low region an ozone rich filament of the polar vortex moved over Lauder, while in the high region the (ozone poor) high part of the vortex moved away.

Published
1998

5. OPAL: Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change Ozone Profiler Assessment at Lauder, New Zealand. II. Intercomparison of Revised Results

Author

Tsou, J. J, Swart, D. P. J, Singh, U, Parrish, A, Ormel, F. T, McGee, T. J, Matthews, W. A, Kimvilakani, P, Gross, M. R, Farmer, R, Connor, B. J, Brinksma, E. J, Boyd, I. S, Bodeker, G, Bergwerff, J. B, and McDermid, I. S

Abstract

Following a blind intercomparison of ozone profiling instruments in the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change at Lauder, New Zealand, revisions to the analyses were made resulting in a new dataset.

Published
1998

6. OPAL: Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change Ozone Profiler Assessment at Lauder, New Zealand. I. Blind Intercomparison

Author

Zawodny, J, Wang, P. H, Tsou, J. J, Swart, D. P. J, Singh, U, Parrish, A, Ormel, F. T, McGee, T. J, Matthews, W. A, Kimvilakani, P, Gross, M. R, Farmer, R, Connor, B. J, Brinksma, E. J, Boyd, I. S, Bodeker, G, Bergwerff, J. B, and McDermid, I. S

Abstract

An intercomparison of ozone profiling instruments, two differential absorption lidars, a microwave radiometer, electrochemical concentration sondes, and the SAGE II satellite instrument is presented.

Published
1998

8. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author

Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, Zawodny, J. M., Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, and Zawodny, J. M.

Abstract

This paper presents extensive {bias determination} analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (4560 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within ±10% (average values within ±6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (~3555 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 4555 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.

Published
2009

9. Diurnal variations of stratospheric ozone measured by ground-based microwave remote sensing at the Mauna Loa NDACC site: measurement validation and GEOSCCM model comparison

Author

Parrish, A., primary, Boyd, I. S., additional, Nedoluha, G. E., additional, Bhartia, P. K., additional, Frith, S. M., additional, Kramarova, N. A., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Shiotani, M., additional, and Sakazaki, T., additional

Published
2013
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10. Geophysical Validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles.

Author

Brinksma, E. J., Bracher, Astrid, Lolkema, D. E., Segers, A. J., Boyd, I. S., Bramstedt, K., Claude, H., Godin-Beekmann, S., Hansen, G., Koop, G., Leblanc, T., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Nakane, H., Parrish, A., von Savigny, C., Swart, D. P. J., Taha, G., Piters, A. J. M., Brinksma, E. J., Bracher, Astrid, Lolkema, D. E., Segers, A. J., Boyd, I. S., Bramstedt, K., Claude, H., Godin-Beekmann, S., Hansen, G., Koop, G., Leblanc, T., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Nakane, H., Parrish, A., von Savigny, C., Swart, D. P. J., Taha, G., and Piters, A. J. M.

Published
2006

11. Validation of version 5.20 ILAS HNO3, CH4, N2O, O3, and NO2 using ground-based measurements at Arrival Heights and Kiruna

Author

Wood, S W, Bodeker, G E, Boyd, I S, Jones, Nicholas, Connor, B J, Johnston, P V, Matthews, W A, Nichol, S E, Murcray, F J, Nakajima, H, Sasano, Y, Wood, S W, Bodeker, G E, Boyd, I S, Jones, Nicholas, Connor, B J, Johnston, P V, Matthews, W A, Nichol, S E, Murcray, F J, Nakajima, H, and Sasano, Y

Abstract

Ground-based measurements of O3 and NO2 columns at Kiruna (68°N) and Arrival Heights (78°S) were used to validate stratospheric profile measurements of the same species by the satellite-based Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) flown between November 1996 and June 1997. In addition, measurements of HNO3, CH4, and N2O made at Arrival Heights are compared with measurements of these species by ILAS. Even though there were no temporal coincidences in the latter comparison, the ground-based data provide a climatological context for the ILAS measurements. ILAS profiles measured within 10° of longitude and 2° of latitude of each site were used. For the species with large tropospheric components (CH4 and N2O), ILAS profiles were integrated upward from 12 km and were compared with ground-based retrievals of partial columns above 12 km. For O3, which is primarily stratospheric but has an appreciable tropospheric component, tropospheric columns (typically to 8–10 km altitude) calculated from ozonesonde climatologies were added to the integrated ILAS profiles to allow comparison with ground-based total column ozone measurements. Tropospheric columns of HNO3 and NO2 were assumed to be sufficiently small so that ILAS profiles integrated above 8 km could be compared directly with ground-based total column measurements.

Published
2002

12. Ozone and temperature trends in the upper stratosphere at five stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change

Author

Steinbrecht, W., primary, Claude, H., additional, Schönenborn, F., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, Leblanc, T., additional, Godin-Beekmann, S., additional, Keckhut, P., additional, Hauchecorne, A., additional, Van Gijsel, J. A. E., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Kämpfer, N., additional, Hocke, K., additional, Stolarski, R. S., additional, Frith, S. M., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Remsberg, E. E., additional, Von Savigny, C., additional, Rozanov, A., additional, and Burrows, J. P., additional

Published
2009
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13. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author

Dupuy, E., primary, Walker, K. A., additional, Kar, J., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Skelton, R., additional, McLeod, S. D., additional, Hughes, R. C., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Zou, J., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Baron, P., additional, Bevilacqua, R. M., additional, Blumenstock, T., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Borsdorff, T., additional, Bourassa, A. E., additional, Bovensmann, H., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bracher, A., additional, Brogniez, C., additional, Burrows, J. P., additional, Catoire, V., additional, Ceccherini, S., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Christensen, T., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Cortesi, U., additional, Davies, J., additional, De Clercq, C., additional, Degenstein, D. A., additional, De Mazière, M., additional, Demoulin, P., additional, Dodion, J., additional, Firanski, B., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Forbes, G., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Fussen, D., additional, Gerard, P., additional, Godin-Beekmann, S., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Granville, J., additional, Griffith, D., additional, Haley, C. S., additional, Hannigan, J. W., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Jin, J. J., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, N. B., additional, Jucks, K., additional, Kagawa, A., additional, Kasai, Y., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Kleinböhl, A., additional, Klekociuk, A. R., additional, Kramer, I., additional, Küllmann, H., additional, Kuttippurath, J., additional, Kyrölä, E., additional, Lambert, J.-C., additional, Livesey, N. J., additional, Llewellyn, E. J., additional, Lloyd, N. D., additional, Mahieu, E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Marshall, B. T., additional, McConnell, J. C., additional, McCormick, M. P., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, McHugh, M., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Mellqvist, J., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Murayama, Y., additional, Murtagh, D. P., additional, Oelhaf, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Petelina, S. V., additional, Piccolo, C., additional, Pommereau, J.-P., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Robert, C., additional, Roth, C., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Senten, C., additional, Steck, T., additional, Strandberg, A., additional, Strawbridge, K. B., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Tarasick, D. W., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Tétard, C., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Thompson, A. M., additional, Tully, M. B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Vanhellemont, F., additional, Vigouroux, C., additional, von Clarmann, T., additional, von der Gathen, P., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Waters, J. W., additional, Witte, J. C., additional, Wolff, M., additional, and Zawodny, J. M., additional

Published
2009
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14. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author

Dupuy, E., primary, Walker, K. A., additional, Kar, J., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Skelton, R., additional, McLeod, S. D., additional, Hughes, R. C., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Zou, J., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Baron, P., additional, Bevilacqua, R. M., additional, Blumenstock, T., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Borsdorff, T., additional, Bourassa, A. E., additional, Bovensmann, H., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bracher, A., additional, Brogniez, C., additional, Burrows, J. P., additional, Catoire, V., additional, Ceccherini, S., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Christensen, T., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Cortesi, U., additional, Davies, J., additional, De Clercq, C., additional, Degenstein, D. A., additional, De Mazière, M., additional, Demoulin, P., additional, Dodion, J., additional, Firanski, B., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Forbes, G., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Fussen, D., additional, Gerard, P., additional, Godin-Beekman, S., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Granville, J., additional, Griffith, D., additional, Haley, C. S., additional, Hannigan, J. W., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Jin, J. J., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, N. B., additional, Jucks, K., additional, Kagawa, A., additional, Kasai, Y., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Kleinböhl, A., additional, Klekociuk, A. R., additional, Kramer, I., additional, Küllmann, H., additional, Kuttippurath, J., additional, Kyrölä, E., additional, Lambert, J.-C., additional, Livesey, N. J., additional, Llewellyn, E. J., additional, Lloyd, N. D., additional, Mahieu, E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Marshall, B. T., additional, McConnell, J. C., additional, McCormick, M. P., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, McHugh, M., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Mellqvist, J., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Murayama, Y., additional, Murtagh, D. P., additional, Oelhaf, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Petelina, S. V., additional, Piccolo, C., additional, Pommereau, J.-P., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Robert, C., additional, Roth, C., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Senten, C., additional, Steck, T., additional, Strandberg, A., additional, Strawbridge, K. B., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Tarasick, D. W., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Tétard, C., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Thompson, A. M., additional, Tully, M. B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Vanhellemont, F., additional, von Clarmann, T., additional, von der Gathen, P., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Waters, J. W., additional, Witte, J. C., additional, Wolff, M., additional, and Zawodny, J. M., additional

Published
2008
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15. Long-term evolution of upper stratospheric ozone at selected stations of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC)

Author

Steinbrecht, W., primary, Claude, H., additional, Schönenborn, F., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, Leblanc, T., additional, Godin, S., additional, Song, T., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Meijer, Y. J., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, Kämpfer, N., additional, Hocke, K., additional, Calisesi, Y., additional, Schneider, N., additional, de la Noë, J., additional, Parrish, A. D., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Brühl, C., additional, Steil, B., additional, Giorgetta, M. A., additional, Manzini, E., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Zawodny, J. M., additional, McCormick, M. P., additional, Russell, J. M., additional, Bhartia, P. K., additional, Stolarski, R. S., additional, and Hollandsworth‐Frith, S. M., additional

Published
2006
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16. Geophysical validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles

Author

Brinksma, E. J., primary, Bracher, A., additional, Lolkema, D. E., additional, Segers, A. J., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bramstedt, K., additional, Claude, H., additional, Godin-Beekmann, S., additional, Hansen, G., additional, Kopp, G., additional, Leblanc, T., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, Meijer, Y. J., additional, Nakane, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Stebel, K., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Taha, G., additional, and Piters, A. J. M., additional

Published
2006
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17. Geophysical validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles

Author

Brinksma, E. J., primary, Bracher, A., additional, Lolkema, D. E., additional, Segers, A. J., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bramstedt, K., additional, Claude, H., additional, Godin-Beekmann, S., additional, Hansen, G., additional, Kopp, G., additional, Leblanc, T., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, Meijer, Y. J., additional, Nakane, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Stebel, K., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Taha, G., additional, and Piters, A. J. M., additional

Published
2005
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21. Validation of 3 years of ozone measurements over Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change station Lauder, New Zealand

Author

Brinksma, E. J., primary, Bergwerff, J. B., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Boersma, K. F., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, de Haan, J. F., additional, Hogervorst, W., additional, Hovenier, J. W., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Tsou, J. J., additional, Zawodny, J. M., additional, and Swart, D. P. J., additional

Published
2000
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25. OPAL: Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change ozone profiler assessment at Lauder, New Zealand 2. Intercomparison of revised results

Author

McDermid, I. S., primary, Bergwerff, J. B., additional, Bodeker, G., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Brinksma, E. J., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, Farmer, R., additional, Gross, M. R., additional, Kimvilakani, P., additional, Matthews, W. A., additional, McGee, T. J., additional, Ormel, F. T., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Singh, U., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, and Tsou, J. J., additional

Published
1998
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26. OPAL: Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change ozone profiler assessment at Lauder, New Zealand 1. Blind intercomparison

Author

McDermid, I. S., primary, Bergwerff, J. B., additional, Bodeker, G., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Brinksma, E. J., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, Farmer, R., additional, Gross, M. R., additional, Kimvilakani, P., additional, Matthews, W. A., additional, McGee, T. J., additional, Ormel, F. T., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Singh, U., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Tsou, J. J., additional, Wang, P. H., additional, and Zawodny, J., additional

Published
1998
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28. Diurnal variations of stratospheric ozone measured by ground-based microwave remote sensing at the Mauna Loa NDACC site: measurement validation and GEOSCCM model comparison.

Author

Parrish, A., Boyd, I. S., Nedoluha, G. E., Bhartia, P. K., Frith, S. M., Kramarova, N. A., Connor, B. J., Bodeker, G. E., Froidevaux, L., Shiotani, M., and Sakazaki, T.

Abstract

There is presently renewed interest in diurnal variations of stratospheric and mesospheric ozone for the purpose of supporting homogenization of records of various ozone measurements that are limited by the technique employed to being made at certain times of day. We have made such measurements for 18 yr using a passive microwave remote sensing technique at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, which is a primary station in the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). We have recently reprocessed these data with hourly time resolution to study diurnal variations. We inspected differences between pairs of the ozone spectra (e.g. day and night) from which the ozone profiles are derived to determine the extent to which they may be contaminated by diurnally varying systematic instrumental or measurement effects. These are small, and we have reduced them further by selecting data that meet certain criteria that we established. We have calculated differences between profiles measured at different times: morning--night, afternoon--night, and morning--afternoon and have intercompared these with like profiles derived from Aura-MLS, UARS-MLS, SMILES, and SBUV/2 measurements. Differences between averages of coincident profiles are typically < 1.5% of typical nightime values over most of the covered altitude range with some exceptions. We calculated averages of ozone values for each hour from the Mauna Loa microwave data, and normalized these to the average for the first hour after midnight for comparison with corresponding values calculated with the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Climate Model (GEOSCCM). We found that the measurements and model output mostly agree to better than 1.5% of the midnight value, with one noteworthy exception: the measured morning--night values are significantly (2-3 %) higher than the modeled ones from 3.2 to 1.8 hPa (~ 39-43 km), and there is evidence that the measured values are increasing compared to the modeled values before sunrise in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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29. Geophysical validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles.

Author

Brinksma, E. J., Bracher, A., Lolkema, D. E., Segers, A. J., Boyd, I. S., Bramstedt, K., Claude, H., Godin-Beekmann, S., Hansen, G., Kopp, G., Leblanc, T., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Nakane, H., Parrish, A., Von Savigny, C., Stebel, K., Swart, D. P. J., Taha, G., and Piters, A. J. M.

Abstract

We discuss the quality of the two available SCIAMACHY limb ozone profile products. They were retrieved with the University of Bremen IFE's algorithm version 1.61 (hereafter IFE), and the official ESA offline algorithm (hereafter OL) versions 2.4 and 2.5. The ozone profiles were compared to a suite of correlative measurements from ground-based lidar and microwave, sondes, SAGE II and SAGE III (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment). To correct for the expected Envisat pointing errors, which have not been corrected implicitly in either of the algorithms, we applied a constant altitude shift of -1.5 km to the SCIAMACHY ozone profiles. The IFE ozone profile data between 16 and 40 km are biased low by 3-6%. The average difference profiles show a characteristic zigzag shape with a wavelength of approximately 8 km. The standard deviation of the differences is typically 10% between 20 and 35 km. We show that more than 20% of the SCIAMACHY official ESA offline (OL) ozone profiles version 2.4 and 2.5 have unrealistic ozone values, most of these are north of 15° S. The remaining OL profiles compare well to correlative instruments above 24 km. Between 20 and 24 km, they underestimate ozone by 15±5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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33. SCIAMACHY ozone profile validation

Author

Brinksma, E. J., Piters, A. J. M., Boyd, I. S., Parrish, A., Bracher, A., Savigny, C., Bramstedt, K., Schmoltner, A. -M, Taha, G., Hilsenrath, E., Blumenstock, T., Kopp, G., Mikuteit, S., Andreas Fix, Meijer, Y. J., Swart, D. P. J., Bodeker, G. E., Mcdermid, I. S., and Leblanc, T.

Subjects
sciamachy, ozone profile validation

34. Geophysical validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles

Author

Brinksma, E. J., Astrid Bracher, Lolkema, D. E., Segers, A. J., Boyd, I. S., Bramstedt, K., Claude, H., Godin-Beekmann, S., Hansen, G., Kopp, G., Leblanc, T., Mcdermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Nakane, H., Parrish, A., Savigny, C., Stebel, K., Swart, D. P. J., Taha, G., Piters, A. J. M., EGU, Publication, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), NIWA Environmental Research Institute, Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Science and Application International Corporation, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), and University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 13. Climate action, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

We discuss the quality of the two available SCIAMACHY limb ozone profile products. They were retrieved with the University of Bremen IFE's algorithm version 1.61 (hereafter IFE), and the official ESA offline algorithm (hereafter OL) versions 2.4 and 2.5. The ozone profiles were compared to a suite of correlative measurements from ground-based lidar and microwave, sondes, SAGE II and SAGE III (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment). To correct for the expected Envisat pointing errors, which have not been corrected implicitly in either of the algorithms, we applied a constant altitude shift of −1.5 km to the SCIAMACHY ozone profiles. The IFE ozone profile data between 16 and 40 km are biased low by 3–6%. The average difference profiles show a characteristic zigzag shape with a wavelength of approximately 8 km. The standard deviation of the differences is typically 10% between 20 and 35 km. We show that more than 20% of the SCIAMACHY official ESA offline (OL) ozone profiles version 2.4 and 2.5 have unrealistic ozone values, most of these are north of 15° S. The remaining OL profiles compare well to correlative instruments above 24 km. Between 20 and 24 km, they underestimate ozone by 15±5%.

36. Validation of version 5.20 ILAS HNO3, CH4, N2O, O3, and NO2using ground‐based measurements at Arrival Heights and Kiruna

Author

Wood, S. W., Bodeker, G. E., Boyd, I. S., Jones, N. B., Connor, B. J., Johnston, P. V., Matthews, W. A., Nichol, S. E., Murcray, F. J., Nakajima, H., and Sasano, Y.

Abstract

Ground‐based measurements of O3and NO2columns at Kiruna (68°N) and Arrival Heights (78°S) were used to validate stratospheric profile measurements of the same species by the satellite‐based Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) flown between November 1996 and June 1997. In addition, measurements of HNO3, CH4, and N2O made at Arrival Heights are compared with measurements of these species by ILAS. Even though there were no temporal coincidences in the latter comparison, the ground‐based data provide a climatological context for the ILAS measurements. ILAS profiles measured within 10° of longitude and 2° of latitude of each site were used. For the species with large tropospheric components (CH4and N2O), ILAS profiles were integrated upward from 12 km and were compared with ground‐based retrievals of partial columns above 12 km. For O3, which is primarily stratospheric but has an appreciable tropospheric component, tropospheric columns (typically to 8–10 km altitude) calculated from ozonesonde climatologies were added to the integrated ILAS profiles to allow comparison with ground‐based total column ozone measurements. Tropospheric columns of HNO3and NO2were assumed to be sufficiently small so that ILAS profiles integrated above 8 km could be compared directly with ground‐based total column measurements.

Published
2002
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37. Ten years of rainfall chemistry in New Zealand

Author

Harvey, M. J., Boyd, I. S., and Nichol, S. E.

Abstract

The inorganic ion composition of rainfall has been monitored at three sites (Kelburn, Lauder and Puruki) in New Zealand for periods varying between five and 12 years. The rainfall at Kelburn, which is a coastal site, has an ion concentration five and ten times greater than the two inland sites, Puruki and Lauder, respectively. The marine component makes up about 90% of the ionic composition at Kelburn, and about 60% at Lauder and Puruki. Puruki is a forest site, and has the highest concentration of ions of biogenic origin. The results from the first five years of measurement at Kelburn and Lauder were published by Harvey and Clarkson [1988]; however, the sulfate data presented here are significantly lower than the early results due to improvements in the measurement technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997

38. UNTITLED.

Author

DASHIELL, THOS R. and BOYD, I. S.

Published
1872

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