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3. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary visfatin and serum lipid levels in obese patients with chronic periodontitis

Author

Aiswarya Polumatla, Anumala Deepa, Ravindranath Dhulipalla, Kishore Kumar Katuri, Ramanarayana Boyapati, and Tejaswin Polepalle

Subjects
adipokines, biomarker, chronic periodontitis, obesity, visfatin, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999
Abstract

Aim: Periodontal diseases are prevalent and can be exacerbated by conditions such as obesity. Understanding the impact of obesity on periodontal health is crucial for developing effective management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary visfatin levels and serum lipid levels in chronic periodontitis patients with or without obesity. Methods: A total of 40 patients aged between 20 to 50 years were enrolled in the study. Group 1 (obese group) included 20 chronic periodontitis patients with obesity while Group 2 (non-obese group) included 20 chronic periodontitis patients without obesity. Gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), salivary visfatin, and serum lipid levels were measured before and six weeks after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Statistical tests were done to analyze the data in the study. Results: Mean GI scores, mean PD scores, and mean CAL scores were significantly reduced before and 6 weeks after NSPT in both groups (p < 0.05). The mean salivary visfatin levels also demonstrated a statistically significant reduction between the obese and non-obese groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, the mean serum lipid levels significantly differed before and 6 weeks after NSPT in the obese group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The current study suggests a significant correlation between GI, PD, CAL, salivary visfatin, and serum lipid levels in the obese group following NSPT.

Published
2024
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5. ECLAPTE: Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency-2023 World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines for the closure of laparotomy in emergency settings.

Author

Frassini, Simone, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, Fugazzola, Paola, Biffl, Walter, Coccolini, Federico, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Moore, Ernest, Kluger, Yoram, Ceresoli, Marco, Coimbra, Raul, Davies, Justin, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Hardcastle, Timothy, Isik, Arda, Chiarugi, Massimo, Gurusamy, Kurinchi, Maier, Ronald, Segovia Lohse, Helmut, Jeekel, Hans, Boermeester, Marja, Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Inaba, Kenji, Weber, Dieter, Augustin, Goran, Bonavina, Luigi, Velmahos, George, Sartelli, Massimo, Di Saverio, Salomone, Ten Broek, Richard, Granieri, Stefano, Dal Mas, Francesca, Farè, Camilla, Peverada, Jacopo, Zanghì, Simone, Viganò, Jacopo, Tomasoni, Matteo, Dominioni, Tommaso, Cicuttin, Enrico, Hecker, Andreas, Tebala, Giovanni, Galante, Joseph, Wani, Imtiaz, Khokha, Vladimir, Sugrue, Michael, Scalea, Thomas, Tan, Edward, Malangoni, Mark, Pararas, Nikolaos, Podda, Mauro, De Simone, Belinda, Ivatury, Rao, Cui, Yunfeng, Kashuk, Jeffry, Peitzman, Andrew, Kim, Fernando, Pikoulis, Emmanouil, Sganga, Gabriele, Chiara, Osvaldo, Kelly, Michael, Marzi, Ingo, Picetti, Edoardo, Agnoletti, Vanni, DeAngelis, Nicola, Campanelli, Giampiero, de Moya, Marc, Litvin, Andrey, Martínez-Pérez, Aleix, Sall, Ibrahima, Rizoli, Sandro, Tomadze, Gia, Sakakushev, Boris, Stahel, Philip, Civil, Ian, Shelat, Vishal, Costa, David, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Latifi, Rifat, Chirica, Mircea, Amico, Francesco, Pardhan, Amyn, Seenarain, Vidya, Boyapati, Nikitha, Hatz, Basil, Ackermann, Travis, Abeyasundara, Sandun, Fenton, Linda, Plani, Frank, Sarvepalli, Rohit, Rouhbakhshfar, Omid, Caleo, Pamela, Ho-Ching Yau, Victor, Clement, Kristenne, Christou, Erasmia, Castillo, Ana, Gosal, Preet, Balasubramaniam, Sunder, Hsu, Jeremy, Banphawatanarak, Kamon, and Pisano, Michele

Subjects
Abdominal wall incision, Closure technique, Emergency, Incisional hernia, Laparotomy closure, Midline incision, Wound complications, Wound dehiscence, Humans, Laparotomy, Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques, Suture Techniques, Incisional Hernia, Reoperation
Abstract

Laparotomy incisions provide easy and rapid access to the peritoneal cavity in case of emergency surgery. Incisional hernia (IH) is a late manifestation of the failure of abdominal wall closure and represents frequent complication of any abdominal incision: IHs can cause pain and discomfort to the patients but also clinical serious sequelae like bowel obstruction, incarceration, strangulation, and necessity of reoperation. Previous guidelines and indications in the literature consider elective settings and evidence about laparotomy closure in emergency settings is lacking. This paper aims to present the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) project called ECLAPTE (Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency): the final manuscript includes guidelines on the closure of emergency laparotomy.

Published
2023

8. Mechanical Behavior of GFRP with Plantain, Coir, and Sugarcane Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composite

Author

Kumaran, P., Sathiyaraj, S., Salim, Adith, Unnikrishnan, Asish, Boyapati, Rajesh, Ghosh, Arindam, Series Editor, Chua, Daniel, Series Editor, de Souza, Flavio Leandro, Series Editor, Aktas, Oral Cenk, Series Editor, Han, Yafang, Series Editor, Gong, Jianghong, Series Editor, Jawaid, Mohammad, Series Editor, Sahu, Rina, editor, Krishna, Ram, editor, and Prasad, Ranjit, editor

Published
2024
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9. Modified Snapshot Ensemble Algorithm for Skin Lesion Classification

Author

Parisapogu, Samson Anosh Babu, Durga, Mastan Mohammed Meera, Reddy, Vallela Kaushik Shashank, Chakravarthi, Boyapati Kalyan, Sena, P. Vasanth, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Santosh, KC, editor, Makkar, Aaisha, editor, Conway, Myra, editor, Singh, Ashutosh K., editor, Vacavant, Antoine, editor, Abou el Kalam, Anas, editor, Bouguelia, Mohamed-Rafik, editor, and Hegadi, Ravindra, editor

Published
2024
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10. Preneoplastic stromal cells promote BRCA1-mediated breast tumorigenesis

Author

Nee, Kevin, Ma, Dennis, Nguyen, Quy H, Pein, Maren, Pervolarakis, Nicholas, Insua-Rodríguez, Jacob, Gong, Yanwen, Hernandez, Grace, Alshetaiwi, Hamad, Williams, Justice, Rauf, Maha, Dave, Kushal Rajiv, Boyapati, Keerti, Hasnain, Aliza, Calderon, Christian, Markaryan, Anush, Edwards, Robert, Lin, Erin, Parajuli, Ritesh, Zhou, Peijie, Nie, Qing, Shalabi, Sundus, LaBarge, Mark A, and Kessenbrock, Kai

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genetics, Agricultural Biotechnology, Stem Cell Research, Women's Health, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Female, Humans, Mutation, BRCA1 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Mammary Glands, Human, Carcinogenesis, Stromal Cells, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

Women with germline BRCA1 mutations (BRCA1+/mut) have increased risk for hereditary breast cancer. Cancer initiation in BRCA1+/mut is associated with premalignant changes in breast epithelium; however, the role of the epithelium-associated stromal niche during BRCA1-driven tumor initiation remains unclear. Here we show that the premalignant stromal niche promotes epithelial proliferation and mutant BRCA1-driven tumorigenesis in trans. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human preneoplastic BRCA1+/mut and noncarrier breast tissues, we show distinct changes in epithelial homeostasis including increased proliferation and expansion of basal-luminal intermediate progenitor cells. Additionally, BRCA1+/mut stromal cells show increased expression of pro-proliferative paracrine signals. In particular, we identify pre-cancer-associated fibroblasts (pre-CAFs) that produce protumorigenic factors including matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), which promotes BRCA1-driven tumorigenesis in vivo. Together, our findings demonstrate that precancerous stroma in BRCA1+/mut may elevate breast cancer risk through the promotion of epithelial proliferation and an accumulation of luminal progenitor cells with altered differentiation.

Published
2023

11. Effect of IL-6R blockade on plasma lipids and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection

Author

Kusha Mohammadi, Mark W. Sleeman, Anita Boyapati, Parnian Bigdelou, Gregory P. Geba, and Sergio Fazio

Subjects
COVID-19, CRP, HDL, inflammation, interleukin 6, LDL, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Plasma lipid levels are modulated by systemic infection and inflammation; it is unknown whether these changes reflect inflammatory responses or caused directly by pathogen presence. We explored the hypothesis that anti-inflammatory intervention via interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade would influence plasma lipid levels during severe infection and evaluated the association of plasma lipid changes with clinical outcomes. Sarilumab (monoclonal antibody blocking IL-6R) efficacy was previously assessed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (NCT04315298). This analysis determined whether strong inflammatory reduction by sarilumab in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia of increasing severity (severe, critical, multisystem organ dysfunction) affected plasma lipid changes between day 1 and day 7 of study therapy. Baseline lipid levels reflected the presence of acute systemic infection, characterized by very low HDL-C, low LDL-C, and moderately elevated triglycerides (TGs). Disease severity was associated with progressively more abnormal lipid levels. At day 7, median lipid levels increased more in the sarilumab versus placebo group (HDL-C +10.3%, LDL-C +54.7%, TG +32% vs. HDL-C +1.7%, LDL-C +15.4%, TG +8.8%, respectively). No significant association between lipid changes and clinical outcomes was observed. In conclusion, severe-to-critical COVID-19 pneumonia causes profound HDL-C depression that is only modestly responsive to strong anti-IL-6R inflammatory intervention. Conversely, LDL-C depression is strongly responsive to IL-6R blockade, with LDL-C levels likely returning to the predisease set point. These results advance our understanding of the complex relationship between serum lipids and infection/inflammation and suggest that HDL-C depression during acute contagious disease is driven by infection and not IL-6–mediated inflammation.

Published
2024
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12. Cost-effectiveness of craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy for UK patients with traumatic acute subdural haematoma

Author

Emma Toman, David K Menon, Antonio Belli, Sridevi Nagarajan, Julie Woodfield, Ruichong Ma, Jason J Chang, Jonathan Cook, Mark Kotter, Vin Shen Ban, Martin Smith, John D Pickard, Diederik Bulters, Giles Critchley, Damian Holliman, Nicole Keong, Andrew King, Catherine McMahon, Carole Turner, Peter Whitfield, Mark Wilson, Melvin Stone, Paul Brennan, David Turner, Garry Barton, Rasheed Zakaria, Angelos G Kolias, Simon Shaw, Sean Christie, Dmitri Shastin, Allison Hirst, Soumya Mukherjee, Gareth Roberts, Simon Thomson, Peter J Hutchinson, Alexis Joannides, Emanuel Cirstea, Ashish Bindra, Vairavan Narayanan, David Menon, Francesca Hill, Ashwin Kumaria, Franco Servadei, Rhys Thomas, Midhun Mohan, Silvia Tarantino, Ioana Moldovan, Sara Venturini, Tariq Khan, Marianne Hare, Louise Young, Joan Grieve, Ardalan Zolnourian, Paula Carroll, Diederik Oliver Bulters, Mathew Guilfoyle, Lisa Julien, Barbara Gregson, Martin Hunn, Richard Nelson, Stuart Smith, Shahid Khan, András Büki, Deepak Gupta, Christos Tolias, David A Turner, Christopher Madden, Paul Johnston, Peter John Hutchinson, Patrick Holton, Panagiota Gkolia, Nicola Owen, Kesava Reddy, Hani Marcus, Ibrahim Jalloh, Shabin Joshi, Ian Anderson, Himanshu Shekhar, Daniel Holsgrove, Erin Lewis, Tracey Moore, Marios C Papadopoulos, Paula Kareclas, Peter Kirkpatrick, Laura Parker, Martina Stippler, Sarah Pyne, Peter J Kirkpatrick, James Piercy, Neil Davidson, Prasanna Epaliyanage, Barbara A Gregson, Christopher Uff, Malik Zaben, Charlotte Eglinton, Linetty Makawa, Jane Perez, Louise Harrison, Mutwakil Abdulla, Garry R Barton, Mathew Joseph, Anthony Bell, Sarah Trippier, Michael Canty, Jonathan Pollock, Manjul Tripathi, Harry Mee, Ivan Timofeev, Ellie Edlmann, Nadia Scantlebury, Joseph Frantzias, Yahia Al-Tamimi, Kismet Hossain-Ibrahim, Ciaran Hill, Elisa Visentin, Sonia Raj, Ioannis Fouyas, Siobhan Kearney, Karen Caldwell, Tamara Tajsic, Belinda Gunning, Emma Clarkson, Manjunath Prasad, Mary Kambafwile, Tim Lawrence, Emily Galea, Sebastian Ille, Hadie Adams, Shumaila Hasan, Matthew G Stovell, Edoardo Viaroli, Adel E Helmy, Ivan S Timofeev, Kirsty Grieve, Liz Corteen, Janet Corn, Mohammad Naushahi, Richard Mair, Kamila Walker, Selma Tülü, Chipo Chitsenega, Geetha Boyapati, Muhammad Bhatti, Natalia Ermalai, Joseph Merola Liudmila, Laurence Glanz, Lani Patterson, Colin Bergin, Maximina Ventura, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Husam Georges, Sam Jeffrey, Natasha Wilmhurst, Philip Kane, Geraint Sunderland, John Kitchen, Mathew JosephMathew JosephGallagher, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Andrea D’Mello, Jo-Anna Conyngham, Miriam Taylor, Charlaine Reeve, Vasileios Arzoglou, Arif Zafar, Efosa Ukponmwan, Anastasios Giamouriadis, Adam Wahba, Patrick Easton, Rose Clegg, Grace Cole, Louise Finlay, Alex Leggate, Terrie-Louise Cromie, Javier Magan Ventura, Ruth Womer, Beverley Fulkner, Geraldine Ward, Kareen Damley, Emma Fleming, Roddy O’Kane, Indira Devi Bhagavatula, Dhananjaya Ishwar Bhat, Dhaval Prem Shukla, Kanti Konar, Nagesh Shanhag, Vaishali Nl Valluri, Manoj Kumar Tewari, Kaveri Sharma, Christine Lock, Chen Min Wei, Julian Han, Janell Kwok, Nicolas Kon, Kam King, Emmalin Nelton, Louis Anthony Whitworth, Sonja Stutzman, Caryn Harper, Alice Salazar, Rocco Armonda, George B Moses, Patricia Tanjucto, Jamie Ullman, Orseola Arapi, Betsy Moclair, Nrupen Baxi, John Adair Prall, Meghan Baldwin, Jamie Jones, Clare Gallagher, Ish Bains, Leodante Da Costa, Fahad Alkherayf, Rafael Ochoa Sanchez, Kostas Fountas, Thanasis Paschalis, Sandro Krieg, Maria Luisa, Gandia Gomez, Alfonso Legares, Ana Maria Castaño Leon, Gábor Lenzsér, Mukhtar Khan, Massimo Tomei, Ronie Romelean Jayapalan, Sarah C Pyne, A David Mendelow, Christopher Cowie, Carol Davis-Wilkie, Tapiwa Tungamirai, Kerstin Wolf, Natalia Igosheva, Alicia Gore, Michele Jillings, Christopher Bushell, and Peter McCabe

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objective To estimate the cost-effectiveness of craniotomy, compared with decompressive craniectomy (DC) in UK patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma (ASDH).Design Economic evaluation undertaken using health resource use and outcome data from the 12-month multicentre, pragmatic, parallel-group, randomised, Randomised Evaluation of Surgery with Craniectomy for Patients Undergoing Evacuation-ASDH trial.Setting UK secondary care.Participants 248 UK patients undergoing surgery for traumatic ASDH were randomised to craniotomy (N=126) or DC (N=122).Interventions Surgical evacuation via craniotomy (bone flap replaced) or DC (bone flap left out with a view to replace later: cranioplasty surgery).Main outcome measures In the base-case analysis, costs were estimated from a National Health Service and Personal Social Services perspective. Outcomes were assessed via the quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) derived from the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (cost-utility analysis) and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) (cost-effectiveness analysis). Multiple imputation and regression analyses were conducted to estimate the mean incremental cost and effect of craniotomy compared with DC. The most cost-effective option was selected, irrespective of the level of statistical significance as is argued by economists.Results In the cost-utility analysis, the mean incremental cost of craniotomy compared with DC was estimated to be −£5520 (95% CI −£18 060 to £7020) with a mean QALY gain of 0.093 (95% CI 0.029 to 0.156). In the cost-effectiveness analysis, the mean incremental cost was estimated to be −£4536 (95% CI −£17 374 to £8301) with an OR of 1.682 (95% CI 0.995 to 2.842) for a favourable outcome on the GOSE.Conclusions In a UK population with traumatic ASDH, craniotomy was estimated to be cost-effective compared with DC: craniotomy was estimated to have a lower mean cost, higher mean QALY gain and higher probability of a more favourable outcome on the GOSE (though not all estimated differences between the two approaches were statistically significant).Ethics Ethical approval for the trial was obtained from the North West—Haydock Research Ethics Committee in the UK on 17 July 2014 (14/NW/1076).Trial registration number ISRCTN87370545.

Published
2024
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14. Garetosmab in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial

Author

Di Rocco, Maja, Forleo-Neto, Eduardo, Pignolo, Robert J., Keen, Richard, Orcel, Philippe, Funck-Brentano, Thomas, Roux, Christian, Kolta, Sami, Madeo, Annalisa, Bubbear, Judith S., Tabarkiewicz, Jacek, Szczepanek, Małgorzata, Bachiller-Corral, Javier, Cheung, Angela M., Dahir, Kathryn M., Botman, Esmée, Raijmakers, Pieter G., Al Mukaddam, Mona, Tile, Lianne, Portal-Celhay, Cynthia, Sarkar, Neena, Hou, Peijie, Musser, Bret J., Boyapati, Anita, Mohammadi, Kusha, Mellis, Scott J., Rankin, Andrew J., Economides, Aris N., Trotter, Dinko Gonzalez, Herman, Gary A., O’Meara, Sarah J., DelGizzi, Richard, Weinreich, David M., Yancopoulos, George D., Eekhoff, E. Marelise W., and Kaplan, Frederick S.

Published
2023
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16. Medical management and surgery versus medical management alone for symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation (CARE): a feasibility study and randomised, open, pragmatic, pilot phase trial

Author

Eriksson, Madeleine, Hayat, Raza, Kinsella, Elaine, Lewis, Katherine, White, David CS, Boyd, Julia, Bullen, Alastair, Maclean, Morag, Stoddart, Andrew, Phair, Sandra, Evans, Helen, Noakes, Jo, Alexander, Debra, Keerie, Catriona, Linsley, Christopher, Milne, Garry, Norrie, John, Farrar, Nicola, Realpe, Alba X, Donovan, Jenny L, Bunch, Janet, Douthwaite, Kathryn, Temple, Simon, Hogg, James, Scott, David, Spallone, Pat, Stuart, Ian, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Palmer, Jeb, Sakka, Eleni, Mukerji, Nitin, Cirstea, Emanuel, Davies, Susan, Giannakaki, Venetia, Kadhim, Ammar, Kennion, Oliver, Islam, Moidul, Ferguson, Lucie, Prasad, Manjunath, Bacon, Andrew, Richards, Emma, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Christine, Gardner, Jonathan, Roman, Madalina, Sikaonga, Mary, Cahill, Julian, Rossdeutsch, Alex, Cahill, Varduhi, Hamina, Imron, Chaudhari, Kishor, Danciut, Mihai, Clarkson, Emma, Bjornson, Anna, Bulters, Diederik, Digpal, Ronneil, Ruiz, Winnington, Taylor, Mirriam, Anyog, Divina, Tluchowska, Katarzyna, Nolasco, Jackson, Brooks, Daniel, Angelopoulou, Kleopatra, Welch, Bethany, Broomes, Nicole, Fouyas, Ioannis, MacRaild, Allan, Kaliaperumal, Chandru, Teasdale, Jessica, Coakley, Michelle, Brennan, Paul, Sokol, Drahoslav, Wiggins, Anthony, MacDonald, Mairi, Risbridger, Sarah, Bhatt, Pragnesh, Irvine, Janice, Majeed, Sohail, Williams, Sandra, Reid, John, Walch, Annika, Muir, Farah, van Beijnum, Janneke, Leach, Paul, Hughes, Tom, Makwana, Milan, Hamandi, Khalid, McAleer, Dympna, Gunning, Belinda, Walsh, Daniel, Wroe Wright, Oliver, Patel, Sabina, Gurusinghe, Nihal, Raza-Knight, Saba, Cromie, Terri-Louise, Brown, Allan, Raj, Sonia, Pennington, Ruth, Campbell, Charlene, Patel, Shakeelah, Colombo, Francesca, Teo, Mario, Wildman, Jack, Smith, Kerry, Goff, Elizabeth, Stephens, Deanna, Borislavova, Borislava, Worner, Ruth, Buddha, Sandeep, Clatworthy, Philip, Edwards, Richard, Clayton, Evangeline, Coy, Karen, Tucker, Lisa, Dymond, Sandra, Mallick, Andrew, Hodnett, Rebecca, Spickett-Jones, Francesca, Grover, Patrick, Banaras, Azra, Tshuma, Sifelani, Muirhead, William, Scott Hill, Ciaran, Shah, Rupal, Doke, Thomas, Hall, Rebecca, Coskuner, Sonny, Aslett, Laura, Vindlacheruvu, Raghu, Ghosh, Anthony, Fitzpatrick, Teresa, Harris, Lauren, Hayton, Tom, Whitehouse, Arlo, McDarby, Andrew, Hancox, Rebecca, Auyeung, Claudia Kate, Nair, Ramesh, Thomas, Rhys, McLachlan, Heather, Kountourgioti, Athanasia, Orjales, Guillelme, Kruczynski, Jan, Hunter, Sophie, Bohnacker, Niamh, Marimon, Rosette, Parker, Lydia, Raha, Oishik, Sharma, Puneet, Uff, Christopher, Boyapati, Geetha, Papadopoulos, Marios, Kearney, Siobhan, Visagan, Ravindran, Bosetta, Ellaine, Asif, Hasan, Helmy, Adel, Chapas, Liliana, Tarantino, Silvia, Caldwell, Karen, Guilfoyle, Mathew, Agarwal, Smriti, Brown, Daniel, Holland, Sarah, Tajsic, Tamara, Fletcher, Clare, Sebyatki, Aisha, Ushewokunze, Shungu, Ali, Sarah, Preston, John, Chambers, Carole, Patel, Mohammed, Holsgrove, Daniel, McLaughlan, Danielle, Marsden, Tracey, Cawley, Kathryn, Raffalli, Hellen, Lee, Stephanie, Israni, Anil, Dore, Rachael, Anderson, Taya, Hennigan, Dawn, Mayor, Shelley, Glover, Samantha, Chavredakis, Emmanuel, Brown, Debbie, Sokratous, Giannis, Williamson, John, Stoneley, Cathy, Brodbelt, Andrew, Farah, Jibril Osman, Illingworth, Sarah, Konteas, Anastasios Benjamin, Davies, Deborah, Owen, Carol, Kerr, Loretta, Hall, Peter, Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam, Forsyth, Laura, Lewis, Steff C, Loan, James JM, Neilson, Aileen R, Stephen, Jacqueline, Kitchen, Neil, Harkness, Kirsty A, Hutchinson, Peter JA, Mallucci, Conor, Wade, Julia, and White, Philip M

Published
2024
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18. Correction: ECLAPTE: Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency—2023 World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines for the closure of laparotomy in emergency settings

Author

Frassini, Simone, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, Fugazzola, Paola, Biffl, Walter L., Coccolini, Federico, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Moore, Ernest E., Kluger, Yoram, Ceresoli, Marco, Coimbra, Raul, Davies, Justin, Kirkpatrick, Andrew, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Hardcastle, Timothy C., Isik, Arda, Chiarugi, Massimo, Gurusamy, Kurinchi, Maier, Ronald V., Segovia Lohse, Helmut A., Jeekel, Hans, Boermeester, Marja A., Abu-Zidan, Fikri, Inaba, Kenji, Weber, Dieter G., Augustin, Goran, Bonavina, Luigi, Velmahos, George, Sartelli, Massimo, Di Saverio, Salomone, Ten Broek, Richard P. G., Granieri, Stefano, Dal Mas, Francesca, Farè, Camilla Nikita, Peverada, Jacopo, Zanghì, Simone, Viganò, Jacopo, Tomasoni, Matteo, Dominioni, Tommaso, Cicuttin, Enrico, Hecker, Andreas, Tebala, Giovanni D., Galante, Joseph M., Wani, Imtiaz, Khokha, Vladimir, Sugrue, Michael, Scalea, Thomas M., Tan, Edward, Malangoni, Mark A., Pararas, Nikolaos, Podda, Mauro, De Simone, Belinda, Ivatury, Rao, Cui, Yunfeng, Kashuk, Jeffry, Peitzman, Andrew, Kim, Fernando, Pikoulis, Emmanouil, Sganga, Gabriele, Chiara, Osvaldo, Kelly, Michael D., Marzi, Ingo, Picetti, Edoardo, Agnoletti, Vanni, De’Angelis, Nicola, Campanelli, Giampiero, de Moya, Marc, Litvin, Andrey, Martínez-Pérez, Aleix, Sall, Ibrahima, Rizoli, Sandro, Tomadze, Gia, Sakakushev, Boris, Stahel, Philip F., Civil, Ian, Shelat, Vishal, Costa, David, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Latifi, Rifat, Chirica, Mircea, Amico, Francesco, Pardhan, Amyn, Seenarain, Vidya, Boyapati, Nikitha, Hatz, Basil, Ackermann, Travis, Abeyasundara, Sandun, Fenton, Linda, Plani, Frank, Sarvepalli, Rohit, Rouhbakhshfar, Omid, Caleo, Pamela, Ho-Ching Yau, Victor, Clement, Kristenne, Christou, Erasmia, Castillo, Ana María González, Gosal, Preet K. S., Balasubramaniam, Sunder, Hsu, Jeremy, Banphawatanarak, Kamon, Pisano, Michele, Toro, Adriana, Michele, Altomare, Cioffi, Stefano P. B., Spota, Andrea, Catena, Fausto, and Ansaloni, Luca

Published
2023
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19. Virtual board

Author

Ravindhar, N.V., primary, Reddy, P.V. Praharsha, additional, Reddy, P. Sathvik, additional, and Kumar, Boyapati Ajay, additional

Published
2023
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20. Key regulator PNPLA8 drives phospholipid reprogramming induced proliferation and migration in triple-negative breast cancer

Author

Zheqiong Tan, Pragney Deme, Keerti Boyapati, Britt S. R. Claes, Annet A. M. Duivenvoorden, Ron M. A. Heeren, Caitlin M. Tressler, Norman James Haughey, and Kristine Glunde

Subjects
PNPLA8, Breast cancer, Triple negative, Phospholipid, Metabolism reprogramming, Eicosanoids, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and leads to the poorest patient outcomes despite surgery and chemotherapy treatment. Exploring new molecular mechanisms of TNBC that could lead to the development of novel molecular targets are critically important for improving therapeutic options for treating TNBC. Methods We sought to identify novel therapeutic targets in TNBC by combining genomic and functional studies with lipidomic analysis, which included mechanistic studies to elucidate the pathways that tie lipid profile to critical cancer cell properties. Our studies were performed in a large panel of human breast cancer cell lines and patient samples. Results Comprehensive lipid profiling revealed that phospholipid metabolism is reprogrammed in TNBC cells. We discovered that patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing lipase 8 (PNPLA8) is overexpressed in TNBC cell lines and tissues from breast cancer patients. Silencing of PNPLA8 disrupted phospholipid metabolic reprogramming in TNBC, particularly affecting the levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and glycerophosphocholine (GPC). We showed that PNPLA8 is essential in regulating cell viability, migration and antioxidation in TNBC cells and promoted arachidonic acid and eicosanoid production, which in turn activated PI3K/Akt/Gsk3β and MAPK signaling. Conclusions Our study highlights PNPLA8 as key regulator of phospholipid metabolic reprogramming and malignant phenotypes in TNBC, which could be further developed as a novel molecular treatment target.

Published
2023
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21. Addressing barriers and identifying facilitators to support informed consent and recruitment in the Cavernous malformations A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot phase trial: insights from the integrated QuinteT recruitment intervention (QRI)

Author

Mallucci, Conor, White, Philip M., Eriksson, Madeleine, Hayat, Raza, Kinsella, Elaine, Lewis, Katherine, Neilson, Aileen R., White, David C.S., Boyd, Julia, Bullen, Alastair, Maclean, Morag, Stoddart, Andrew, Phair, Sandra, Evans, Helen, Noakes, Jo, Alexander, Debra, Keerie, Catriona, Linsley, Christopher, Milne, Garry, Norrie, John, Bunch, Janet, Douthwaite, Kathryn, Temple, Simon, Hogg, James, Scott, David, Spallone, Pat, Stuart, Ian, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Palmer, Jeb, Sakka, Eleni, Mukerji, Nitin, Cirstea, Emanuel, Davies, Susan, Giannakaki, Venetia, Kadhim, Ammar, Kennion, Oliver, Islam, Moidul, Ferguson, Lucie, Prasad, Manjunath, Bacon, Andrew, Richards, Emma, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Christine, Gardner, Jonathan, Roman, Madalina, Sikaonga, Mary, Cahill, Julian, Rossdeutsch, Alex, Cahill, Varduhi, Hamina, Imron, Chaudhari, Kishor, Danciut, Mihai, Clarkson, Emma, Bjornson, Anna, Bulters, Diederik, Digpal, Ronneil, Ruiz, Winnington, Taylor, Mirriam, Anyog, Divina, Tluchowska, Katarzyna, Nolasco, Jackson, Brooks, Daniel, Angelopoulou, Kleopatra, Welch, Bethany, Broomes, Nicole, Fouyas, Ioannis, MacRaild, Allan, Kaliaperumal, Chandru, Teasdale, Jessica, Coakley, Michelle, Brennan, Paul, Sokol, Drahoslav, Wiggins, Anthony, MacDonald, Mairi, Risbridger, Sarah, Bhatt, Pragnesh, Irvine, Janice, Majeed, Sohail, Williams, Sandra, Reid, John, Walch, Annika, Muir, Farah, van Beijnum, Janneke, Leach, Paul, Hughes, Tom, Makwana, Milan, Hamandi, Khalid, McAleer, Dympna, Gunning, Belinda, Walsh, Daniel, Wright, Oliver Wroe, Patel, Sabina, Gurusinghe, Nihal, Raza-Knight, Saba, Cromie, Terri-Louise, Brown, Allan, Raj, Sonia, Pennington, Ruth, Campbell, Charlene, Patel, Shakeelah, Colombo, Francesca, Teo, Mario, Wildman, Jack, Smith, Kerry, Goff, Elizabeth, Stephens, Deanna, Borislavova, Borislava, Worner, Ruth, Buddha, Sandeep, Clatworthy, Philip, Edwards, Richard, Clayton, Evangeline, Coy, Karen, Tucker, Lisa, Dymond, Sandra, Mallick, Andrew, Hodnett, Rebecca, Spickett-Jones, Francesca, Grover, Patrick, Banaras, Azra, Tshuma, Sifelani, Muirhead, William, Hill, Ciaran Scott, Shah, Rupal, Doke, Thomas, Hall, Rebecca, Coskuner, Sonny, Aslett, Laura, Vindlacheruvu, Raghu, Ghosh, Anthony, Fitzpatrick, Teresa, Harris, Lauren, Hayton, Tom, Whitehouse, Arlo, McDarby, Andrew, Hancox, Rebecca, Auyeung, Claudia Kate, Nair, Ramesh, Thomas, Rhys, McLachlan, Heather, Kountourgioti, Athanasia, Orjales, Guillelme, Kruczynski, Jan, Hunter, Sophie, Bohnacker, Niamh, Marimon, Rosette, Parker, Lydia, Raha, Oishik, Sharma, Puneet, Uff, Christopher, Boyapati, Geetha, Papadopoulos, Marios, Kearney, Siobhan, Visagan, Ravindran, Bosetta, Ellaine, Asif, Hasan, Helmy, Adel, Chapas, Liliana, Tarantino, Silvia, Caldwell, Karen, Guilfoyle, Mathew, Agarwal, Smriti, Brown, Daniel, Holland, Sarah, Tajsic, Tamara, Fletcher, Clare, Sebyatki, Aisha, Ushewokunze, Shungu, Ali, Sarah, Preston, John, Chambers, Carole, Patel, Mohammed, Holsgrove, Daniel, McLaughlan, Danielle, Marsden, Tracey, Cawley, Kathryn, Raffalli, Hellen, Lee, Stephanie, Israni, Anil, Dore, Rachael, Anderson, Taya, Hennigan, Dawn, Mayor, Shelley, Glover, Samantha, Chavredakis, Emmanuel, Brown, Debbie, Sokratous, Giannis, Williamson, John, Stoneley, Cathy, Brodbelt, Andrew, Farah, Jibril Osman, Illingworth, Sarah, Konteas, Anastasios Benjamin, Davies, Deborah, Owen, Carol, Kerr, Loretta, Wade, Julia, Farrar, Nicola, Realpe, Alba X., Donovan, Jenny L., Forsyth, Laura, Harkness, Kirsty A., Hutchinson, Peter J.A., Kitchen, Neil, Lewis, Steff C., Loan, James J.M., Stephen, Jacqueline, and Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam

Published
2024
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29. Band Rejection in Wideband Partial Ground Plane Antennas Using Defected Ground Structure

Author

Bharathidevi, Boyapati, Kumar, Jayendra, Palepu, Narayana Rao, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Dhar, Sourav, editor, Do, Dinh-Thuan, editor, Sur, Samarendra Nath, editor, and Liu, Howard Chuan-Ming, editor

Published
2023
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30. ECLAPTE: Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency—2023 World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines for the closure of laparotomy in emergency settings

Author

Simone Frassini, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Paola Fugazzola, Walter L. Biffl, Federico Coccolini, Dimitrios Damaskos, Ernest E. Moore, Yoram Kluger, Marco Ceresoli, Raul Coimbra, Justin Davies, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Isidoro Di Carlo, Timothy C. Hardcastle, Arda Isik, Massimo Chiarugi, Kurinchi Gurusamy, Ronald V. Maier, Helmut A. Segovia Lohse, Hans Jeekel, Marja A. Boermeester, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Kenji Inaba, Dieter G. Weber, Goran Augustin, Luigi Bonavina, George Velmahos, Massimo Sartelli, Salomone Di Saverio, Richard P. G. Ten Broek, Stefano Granieri, Francesca Dal Mas, Camilla Nikita Farè, Jacopo Peverada, Simone Zanghì, Jacopo Viganò, Matteo Tomasoni, Tommaso Dominioni, Enrico Cicuttin, Andreas Hecker, Giovanni D. Tebala, Joseph M. Galante, Imtiaz Wani, Vladimir Khokha, Michael Sugrue, Thomas M. Scalea, Edward Tan, Mark A. Malangoni, Nikolaos Pararas, Mauro Podda, Belinda De Simone, Rao Ivatury, Yunfeng Cui, Jeffry Kashuk, Andrew Peitzman, Fernando Kim, Emmanouil Pikoulis, Gabriele Sganga, Osvaldo Chiara, Michael D. Kelly, Ingo Marzi, Edoardo Picetti, Vanni Agnoletti, Nicola De’Angelis, Giampiero Campanelli, Marc de Moya, Andrey Litvin, Aleix Martínez-Pérez, Ibrahima Sall, Sandro Rizoli, Gia Tomadze, Boris Sakakushev, Philip F. Stahel, Ian Civil, Vishal Shelat, David Costa, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Rifat Latifi, Mircea Chirica, Francesco Amico, Amyn Pardhan, Vidya Seenarain, Nikitha Boyapati, Basil Hatz, Travis Ackermann, Sandun Abeyasundara, Linda Fenton, Frank Plani, Rohit Sarvepalli, Omid Rouhbakhshfar, Pamela Caleo, Victor Ho-Ching Yau, Kristenne Clement, Erasmia Christou, Ana María González Castillo, Preet K. S. Gosal, Sunder Balasubramaniam, Jeremy Hsu, Kamon Banphawatanarak, Michele Pisano, Toro Adriana, Altomare Michele, Stefano P. B. Cioffi, Andrea Spota, Fausto Catena, and Luca Ansaloni

Subjects
Laparotomy closure, Midline incision, Emergency, Abdominal wall incision, Closure technique, Incisional hernia, Surgery, RD1-811, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Laparotomy incisions provide easy and rapid access to the peritoneal cavity in case of emergency surgery. Incisional hernia (IH) is a late manifestation of the failure of abdominal wall closure and represents frequent complication of any abdominal incision: IHs can cause pain and discomfort to the patients but also clinical serious sequelae like bowel obstruction, incarceration, strangulation, and necessity of reoperation. Previous guidelines and indications in the literature consider elective settings and evidence about laparotomy closure in emergency settings is lacking. This paper aims to present the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) project called ECLAPTE (Effective Closure of LAParoTomy in Emergency): the final manuscript includes guidelines on the closure of emergency laparotomy.

Published
2023
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32. TLR2 Derangements Likely Play a Significant Role in the Inflammatory Response and Thrombosis in Patients with Ph(−) Classical Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

Author

Jen Chin Wang, Guanfang Shi, Chi Chen, Ching Wong, Vladimir Gotlieb, Gardith Joseph, Kiron V Nair, Lakshmi Boyapati, Enayati Ladan, James T. Symanowski, and Lishi Sun

Subjects
Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

We investigated the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in inflammatory pathways in Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph(−)MPNs). TLR2 expression was increased in ET, PV, and MPN (grouped as (PV + (ET) + MF)), whereas TLR4 was elevated only in MPN. TLR3, 7, and 9 were not elevated. Cultured monocyte-derived dendritic cells and plasma assays in TLR2-elevated patients were found to secrete more cytokines than those from TLR2-normal patients. These facts suggest that TLR2 is the major inflammatory pathways in MPN. We also measured S100A9 and reactive oxygen species (ROS), revealing increased S100A9 in PV, MF, and MPN, while ROS were only increased in MF. These data suggests that MPNs initially involve TLR2, with minor contributions from TLR4, and with S100A9, leading to ROS formation, JAK2 mutation, and progression to MF or leukemia. Furthermore, patients with JAK2 mutations or leukocytosis exhibited higher TLR2 expression. In leukocyte–platelet interactions, cells from MPN patients displayed a stronger response to a TLR2 agonist than TLR4 agonist. A TLR2 inhibitor (but not a TLR4 inhibitor) attenuated this response. Thrombosis incidence was higher in TLR2-elevated patients (29%) than in TLR2-normal patients (19%). These findings suggest that TLR2 likely contributes to thrombosis in MPN.

Published
2024
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33. Microwave-assisted extraction of dragon fruit seed oil: Fatty acid profile and functional properties

Author

Tejaswi Boyapati, Sandeep Singh Rana, and Payel Ghosh

Subjects
Dragon fruit seed oil, Microwave assisted extraction, Optimization, Fatty acid profiling, Antioxidant activity, Tocopherol, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

Dragon fruit is gaining its popularity in all over the world. The seed of the dragon fruit is highly nutritious in terms of essential fatty acid. The utilization of seed oils is getting increasingly common these days. In this work, a comparative analysis was undertaken for control and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) samples, using the RSM-CCD (Response Surface Methodology – Central composite Design) design, to determine the influences power and time on dragon fruit seed oil's Yield, PV, DPPH, and polyphenol content. The optimization was done, where the extraction yield (34.30 %), PV (3.23 me quiiv O2/kg), DPPH (69.65 %), and polyphenol (96.71 mg GAE/g) was observed. While comparing with the control sample the antioxidant activity of the seed oil in terms of (%DPPH, FRAP and ORAC) was better in microwave treated sample. The saturated fatty acid is 25 % with a monounsaturated fatty acid 20 % and Polyunsaturated fatty acid of 55 %. High amount of tocopherol content was determined having 93 % of γ -tocopherol. Dragon fruit seed oil has the possibility to be a good source for the functional components in the near future due to the presence of antioxidant compounds and essential fats.

Published
2023
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37. PET Imaging of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with a Fluorine-18 Labeled Tryptophan Radiotracer

Author

Xuyi Yue, Erik Stauff, Shriya Boyapati, Sigrid A. Langhans, Wenqi Xu, Sokratis Makrogiannis, Uchenna J. Okorie, Azubuike M. Okorie, Vinay V. R. Kandula, Heidi H. Kecskemethy, Rahul M. Nikam, Lauren W. Averill, and Thomas H. Shaffer

Subjects
neurofibromatosis type 1, tryptophan metabolism, PET imaging, fluorine-18, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder. Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors commonly formed in patients with NF1. PNFs have a high incidence of developing into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) with a 5-year survival rate of only 30%. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis and differentiation of MPNSTs from benign PNFs are critical to patient management. We studied a fluorine-18 labeled tryptophan positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, 1-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tryptophan (L-[18F]FETrp), to detect NF1-associated tumors in an animal model. An ex vivo biodistribution study of L-[18F]FETrp showed a similar tracer distribution and kinetics between the wild-type and triple mutant mice with the highest uptake in the pancreas. Bone uptake was stable. Brain uptake was low during the 90-min uptake period. Static PET imaging at 60 min post-injection showed L-[18F]FETrp had a comparable tumor uptake with [1⁸F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). However, L-[18F]FETrp showed a significantly higher tumor-to-brain ratio than FDG (n = 4, p < 0.05). Sixty-minute-long dynamic PET scans using the two radiotracers showed similar kidney, liver, and lung kinetics. A dysregulated tryptophan metabolism in NF1 mice was further confirmed using immunohistostaining. L-[18F]FETrp is warranted to further investigate differentiating malignant NF1 tumors from benign PNFs. The study may reveal the tryptophan–kynurenine pathway as a therapeutic target for treating NF1.

Published
2024
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38. Evaluation of periodontal status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome versus healthy women: a cross-sectional study

Author

Sandhya Pavankumar, Pavan Kumar Yellarthi, Sandeep JN, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Trinath Kishore Damera, and Naveen Vital Kumar G

Subjects
community periodontal index, c-reactive protein, insulin resistance, periodontal attachment loss, periodontal diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome, Medicine
Abstract

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 4% to 12% of females of reproductive age. Previous studies have shown an association between systemic and periodontal diseases. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of periodontal disease in women with PCOS and healthy women. Methods A total of 196 women aged 17 to 45 years were included in this study. Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), community periodontal index (CPI), and loss of attachment (LA) were assessed. Individuals who smoked, were pregnant, had any systemic disease (such as type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, osteoporosis, and thyroid dysfunction), had a history of systemic antibiotic use in the past three months, or received any periodontal intervention in the past 6 months of screening were excluded. Student t-test was used to analyze the data. A p-value of

Published
2023
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40. ISP good clinical practice recommendations for gum care

Author

Ashish Kumar, Vishakha Grover, Anurag Satpathy, Ashish Jain, Harpreet Singh Grover, Manish Khatri, Abhay Kolte, Nitin Dani, Anil Melath, Gurparkash Singh Chahal, Biju Thomas, Avni Raju Pradeep, Nymphea Pandit, Baiju Radhamoni Madhavan Pillai, R G. Shiva Manjunath, Tanya Nandkeoliar, Komal Puri, Rameshwari Singhal, Vidya Dodwad, Amit Bhardwaj, Roshani Thakur, Mohammad Jalaluddin, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Manoj Kumar Singh, and Mansi Bansal

Subjects
gingival health, gingivitis, gum care, intervention, periodontal health, periodontitis, supportive periodontal therapy, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Oral health is vital for the general well-being, overall body health and the quality of life throughout our lifetime. Most of the oral diseases and conditions are largely related to the maintenance of oral hygiene, lacking that people suffer from diverse oral diseases at different times in their life. With greater life expectancy, the individuals have teeth involved with periodontal diseases that would not only require professional care but also home gum care for them to last a lifetime. Indian Society of Periodontology (ISP) has recognized the need for systematic documents to update everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and have provided evidence-based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health-related awareness and standards of oral healthcare delivery across the country. The current set of clinical practice recommendations focused to “Gum Care for All”, is aimed at emphasizing and enhancing the awareness regarding oral health promotion, maintenance, and disease prevention. Twenty-five subject matter experts from across the nation, prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three distinct sections, namely pretherapeutic, therapeutic, and post therapeutic, to provide guidance during the respective phases of patient management and may serve as a quick and concise reference to the readers. The guidelines shall provide the distinct definitions, signs and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, home care advice regarding maintenance of oral hygiene including information on brushing technique, care and change of brush, use of interdental aids, and mouthwashes, etc. The document should advocate and guide the combined efforts of general dentists, and the population at large toward an empowered, evidence based, integrated, and comprehensive oral health care, which shall enhance the healthful functioning and longevity of the dentition and general health of the individual.

Published
2023
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41. Genome-Wide Methylation Profiling in 229 Patients With Crohn’s Disease Requiring Intestinal Resection: Epigenetic Analysis of the Trial of Prevention of Post-operative Crohn’s Disease (TOPPIC)Summary

Author

Nicholas T. Ventham, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Rahul Kalla, Alex T. Adams, Alexandra Noble, Holly Ennis, Craig Mowat, Malcolm G. Dunlop, Jack Satsangi, Ian Arnott, Aiden Cahill, Malcolm Smith, Tariq Ahmad, Sreedhar Subramanian, Simon Travis, John Morris, John Hamlin, Anjan Dhar, Chuka Nwokolo, Cathryn Edwards, Tom Creed, Stuart Bloom, Mohamed Yousif, Linzi Thomas, Simon Campbell, Stephen J. Lewis, Shaji Sebastian, Sandip Sen, Simon Lal, Chris Hawkey, Charles Murray, Fraser Cummings, Jason Goh, James O. Lindsay, Naila Arebi, Lindsay Potts, Aileen J. McKinley, John M. Thomson, John A. Todd, Mhairi Collie, Ashley Mowat, Daniel R. Gaya, Jack Winter, Graham D. Naismith, Catriona Keerie, Steff Lewis, Robin J. Prescott, Gordan Lauc, Harry Campbell, Dermot P.B. McGovern, Vito Annese, Vlatka Zoldoš, Iain K. Permberton, Manfred Wuhrer, Daniel Kolarich, Daryl L. Fernandes, Evropi Theorodorou, Victoria Merrick Daniel I. Spencer, Richard A. Gardner, Ray Doran, Archana Shubhakar, Ray Boyapati, Igor Rudan, Paolo Lionetti, Irena Trbojević Akmačić, Jasminka Krištić, Frano Vuč ković, Jerko Štambuk, Mislav Novokmet, Maja Pučić-Baković, Olga Gornik, Angelo Andriulli, Laura Cantoro, Giancarlo Sturniolo, Gionata Fiorino, Natalia Manetti, Anna Latiano, Anna Kohn, Renata D’Inca`, Silvio Danese, Ian D. Arnott, Colin L. Noble, Charlie W. Lees, Alan G. Shand, Gwo-Tzer Ho, Lee Murphy, Jude Gibson, Louise Evenden, Nicola Wrobel, Tamara Gilchrist, Angie Fawkes, Guinevere S.M. Kammeijer, Florent Clerc, Noortje de Haan, Aleksandar Vojta, Ivana Samaržija, Dora Markulin, Marija Klasić, Paula Dobrinić, Yurii Aulchenko, Tim van den Heuve, Daisy Jonkers, and Marieke Pierik

Subjects
Crohn's disease, Surgery, DNA methylation, Epigenetics, Inflammatory bowel disease, Aging, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background & Aims: DNA methylation alterations may provide important insights into gene-environment interaction in cancer, aging, and complex diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aim first to determine whether the circulating DNA methylome in patients requiring surgery may predict Crohn’s disease (CD) recurrence following intestinal resection; and second to compare the circulating methylome seen in patients with established CD with that we had reported in a series of inception cohorts. Methods: TOPPIC was a placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial of 6-mercaptopurine at 29 UK centers in patients with CD undergoing ileocolic resection between 2008 and 2012. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples from 229 of the 240 patients taken before intestinal surgery and analyzed using 450KHumanMethylation and Infinium Omni Express Exome arrays (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Coprimary objectives were to determine whether methylation alterations may predict clinical disease recurrence; and to assess whether the epigenetic alterations previously reported in newly diagnosed IBD were present in the patients with CD recruited into the TOPPIC study. Differential methylation and variance analysis was performed comparing patients with and without clinical evidence of recurrence. Secondary analyses included investigation of methylation associations with smoking, genotype (MeQTLs), and chronologic age. Validation of our previously published case-control observation of the methylome was performed using historical control data (CD, n = 123; Control, n = 198). Results: CD recurrence in patients following surgery is associated with 5 differentially methylated positions (Holm P < .05), including probes mapping to WHSC1 (P = 4.1 × 10-9, Holm P = .002) and EFNA3 (P = 4.9 × 10-8, Holm P = .02). Five differentially variable positions are demonstrated in the group of patients with evidence of disease recurrence including a probe mapping to MAD1L1 (P = 6.4 × 10-5). DNA methylation clock analyses demonstrated significant age acceleration in CD compared with control subjects (GrimAge + 2 years; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–2.7 years), with some evidence for accelerated aging in patients with CD with disease recurrence following surgery (GrimAge +1.04 years; 95% confidence interval, -0.04 to 2.22). Significant methylation differences between CD cases and control subjects were seen by comparing this cohort in conjunction with previously published control data, including validation of our previously described differentially methylated positions (RPS6KA2 P = 1.2 × 10-19, SBNO2 = 1.2 × 10-11) and regions (TXK [false discovery rate, P = 3.6 × 10-14], WRAP73 [false discovery rate, P = 1.9 × 10-9], VMP1 [false discovery rate, P = 1.7 × 10-7], and ITGB2 [false discovery rate, P = 1.4 × 10-7]). Conclusions: We demonstrate differential methylation and differentially variable methylation in patients developing clinical recurrence within 3 years of surgery. Moreover, we report replication of the CD-associated methylome, previously characterized only in adult and pediatric inception cohorts, in patients with medically refractory disease needing surgery.

Published
2023
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42. Renal complications following COVID-19 vaccination: A narrative literature review

Author

Vijaya Krishna Prasad Vudathaneni, Swetha Bharathi Nadella, Duddukuri Hema, and Ramanarayana Boyapati

Subjects
covid-19 vaccine, pathogenesis, post-vaccination complications, renal complications, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Renal complications have previously been reported with various vaccinations, including those for influenza and hepatitis. On a similar note, a spectrum of nephrological complications, both de novo, and flare-ups, were reported after immunization with various coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, causing concerns among patients as well as physicians. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of the literature published on renal complications seen post-COVID-19 vaccination was performed up to April 2022 using electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Result: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, minimal change disease, glomerulonephritis, acute kidney injury, nephrotic syndrome, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis were some of the renal complications reported upon administration of COVID-19 vaccines. The causality and underlying pathogenic mechanisms linking these complications and COVID-19 vaccination remain unclear. Nonetheless, a temporal relationship has been established with dysregulated T-cell response, transient systemic pro-inflammatory cytokine response, molecular mimicry, delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the vaccine, and other mechanisms such as hyperresponsive IgA, dysregulation of neutrophil extracellular traps were hypothesized as the possible mechanisms linking renal complications and COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion: This review emphasizes the need for rigorous surveillance and reporting of the adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination and explores the underlying mechanisms instigating these renal complications in individuals vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Published
2023
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