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9. Fetal bradycardia in open versus fetoscopic prenatal repair of spina bifida.

Author

Papastefan, Steven T., Alhajjat, Amir M., Ott, Katherine C., Liesman, Daniel R., Langereis, Morgan M., Boat, Anne C., Pombar, Xavier F., Kominiarek, Michelle A., Bowman, Robin M., and Shaaban, Aimen F.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the occurrence of fetal bradycardia in open versus fetoscopic fetal spina bifida surgery. Methods: This is a single‐institution retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing open (n = 25) or fetoscopic (n = 26) spina bifida repair between 2017 and 2022. From October 2017 to June 2020, spina bifida repairs were performed via an open classical hysterotomy, and from November 2020 to June 2022 fetoscopic repairs were performed following transition to this technique. Fetal heart rate (FHR) in beats per minute (bpm) was recorded via echocardiography every 15 min during the procedure. Cohort characteristics, fetal bradycardia and maternal physiologic parameters were compared between the groups. Results: Fetuses undergoing an open repair more frequently developed bradycardia defined as <110 bpm (32% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.008), and a trend was observed for FHR decreases more than 25 bpm from baseline (20% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.073). Profound bradycardia less than 80 bpm was rare, occurring in only three operations (two in open, one in fetoscopic repair) with two fetuses (one in each group) requiring emergency cesarean delivery. Conclusion: When compared to open fetal surgery, fetal bradycardia occurred less frequently in fetoscopic surgery despite a significantly greater anesthetic exposure and the use of the intraamniotic carbon dioxide insufflation. Key points: What is already known about this topic? Fetoscopic prenatal repair of spina bifida offers several advantages for the pregnant patient compared with open fetal surgery, at the cost of significantly longer operative duration, exposure to inhaled anesthetics, and the use of intra‐amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation.Differences in fetal hemodynamics are purported to exist between open and fetoscopic approaches for prenatal spina bifida repair; however, the techniques have not been compared. What does this study add? In these cohorts, fetal bradycardia occurred significantly less frequently in a fetoscopic repair technique compared with open repair.Efforts to reduce intrauterine insufflation pressure and mitigate fetal heat loss may minimize fetal hemodynamic aberrancy in prenatal spina bifida repair and contribute to the differences observed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Causes of death among people with myelomeningocele: A multi-institutional 47-year retrospective study

Author

Szymanski, Konrad M., primary, Adams, Cyrus M., additional, Alkawaldeh, Mohammad Y., additional, Austin, Paul F., additional, Bowman, Robin M., additional, Castillo, Heidi, additional, Castillo, Jonathan, additional, Chu, David I., additional, Estrada, Carlos R., additional, Fascelli, Michele, additional, Frimberger, Dominic C., additional, Gargollo, Patricio C., additional, Hamdan, Dawud G., additional, Hecht, Sarah L., additional, Hopson, Betsy, additional, Husmann, Douglas A., additional, Jacobs, Micah A., additional, MacNeily, Andrew E., additional, McLeod, Daryl J., additional, Metcalfe, Peter D., additional, Meyer, Theresa, additional, Misseri, Rosalia, additional, O’Neil, Joseph, additional, Rensing, Adam J., additional, Routh, Jonathan C., additional, Rove, Kyle O., additional, Sawin, Kathleen J., additional, Schlomer, Bruce J., additional, Shamblin, Isaac, additional, Sherlock, Rebecca L., additional, Slobodov, Gennady, additional, Stout, Jennifer, additional, Tanaka, Stacy T., additional, Weiss, Dana A., additional, Wiener, John S., additional, Wood, Hadley M., additional, Yerkes, Elizabeth B., additional, and Blount, Jeffrey, additional

Published
2023
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11. Shunt infection prevention practices in Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network–Quality: a new quality improvement network for hydrocephalus management

Author

Tamber, Mandeep S., primary, Jensen, Hailey, additional, Clawson, Jason, additional, Nunn, Nichol, additional, Wellons, John C., additional, Smith, Jodi, additional, Martin, Jonathan E., additional, Kestle, John R. W., additional, _, _, additional, Meltzer, Hal, additional, Hamilton, Kimberly, additional, Dekeseredy, Patricia, additional, Warf, Benjamin, additional, Northam, Weston, additional, Weber, Daniel, additional, Porter, Adam, additional, Papadakis, Joanna, additional, Mosher, Amanda, additional, Piatt, Joseph, additional, Heuer, Gregory, additional, Lopez, Lina, additional, Maugans, Todd, additional, Clerkin, Patricia, additional, Mehta, Vivek, additional, Souster, Jenny, additional, Elliott, Cameron, additional, Beaudoin, Wendy, additional, Burton, Heather, additional, Bhattacharya, Sudeshna, additional, Gnenz, Sydney, additional, Halvorson, Kyle, additional, Ingram, Katherine, additional, Nguyen, Victoria, additional, Delaney, Erin, additional, Cero, Heather, additional, Vance, Emily, additional, Bristol, Ruth, additional, Gaiser, Jeremy, additional, Niazi, Toba, additional, Bollerman, Kari, additional, Benitez, Jonathan, additional, Gonda, David, additional, Ravindra, Vijay, additional, Alvarez, Aida, additional, Gupta, Nalin, additional, Mahuvakar, Shivani, additional, Pen, Catalina, additional, Foy, Andrew, additional, Kim, Irene, additional, Nader, Amy, additional, Gonzales, Allison, additional, Raskin, Jeffrey, additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Dziugan, Klaudia, additional, Botros, James, additional, Spader, Heather, additional, Lujan, Aaron, additional, Brown, Jaquelyn, additional, Ahmed, Raheel, additional, Bock, Jenna, additional, Wilbrand, Stephanie, additional, Oimoen, Maggie, additional, Endres, McKenzie, additional, Reynolds, Renee, additional, Gernsback, Joanna, additional, Omini, Michael, additional, Muhonen, Michael, additional, Romero, Bianca, additional, Ritter, Ann, additional, Sandoval-Garcia, Carolina, additional, Venteicher, Emma, additional, Kann, Leah, additional, Kobets, Andrew, additional, Ahmad, Samuel, additional, Castillo, Ashley, additional, Walling, Simon, additional, McNeely, Daniel, additional, Szego, Sarah, additional, Martin, Jonathan, additional, Hersh, David, additional, Stoltz, Petronella, additional, Mahaney, Kelly, additional, Bet, Anthony, additional, Valladrez, Adrian, additional, Morton, Gabriella, additional, Partington, Michael, additional, Kyle, Dante, additional, Whittemore, Brett, additional, Tailor, Jignesh, additional, Lowe, Marissa, additional, Shirrell, Mariah, additional, Vestal, Matty, additional, Perry, Beth, additional, Benitez-Rosas, Hazani, additional, Salgado, Amayrani Salvario, additional, Souweidane, Mark, additional, Villamater, Francis, additional, Morgenstern, Peter, additional, Melo, Leslie, additional, Wait, Scott, additional, Shears, Danielle, additional, Elbabaa, Samer, additional, Olavarria, Greg, additional, Parrimon, Yazandra, additional, Williamson, Alice, additional, Madura, Casey, additional, Wiersema, Sarah, additional, and Westenbroek, Sarah, additional

Published
2023
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14. First-time tethered cord release among adults with myelomeningocele: an analysis of people in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Dias, Mark S., primary, Wang, Ming, additional, Liang, Menglu, additional, Rizk, Elias B., additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Partington, Michael D., additional, Blount, Jeffrey P., additional, Rocque, Brandon G., additional, Hopson, Betsy, additional, Lee, Amy, additional, and Walker, William O., additional

Published
2023
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15. First-time tethered cord release among adults with myelomeningocele: an analysis of people in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Dias, Mark S., Wang, Ming, Liang, Menglu, Rizk, Elias B., Bowman, Robin, Partington, Michael D., Blount, Jeffrey P., Rocque, Brandon G., Hopson, Betsy, Lee, Amy, and Walker, William O.

Subjects
Clinical Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The authors analyzed the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry (NSBPR), a national registry that tracks the outcomes for people with various forms of spinal dysraphism, to determine the ongoing longitudinal risk for tethered cord release (TCR) among adults with myelomeningocele who had not previously undergone TCR during childhood. The authors also sought to identify the impact of lesion level, ambulation status, and prior treatments for hydrocephalus or Chiari malformations on TCR rates. METHODS: Adults in the registry who had not previously undergone TCR during childhood were studied. This group was compared with the remaining adults in the registry. The frequency of first-time TCR and time to TCR (using Kaplan-Meier analysis) were determined independently for males and females. Cox proportional hazards analysis identified correlations between sex, best lesion level and ambulation status prior to TCR, and previous treatments for hydrocephalus and Chiari decompression. RESULTS: Among 967 adults in the NSBPR (422 [43.6%] males and 545 [56.4%] females) who had not undergone TCR during childhood, the authors identified 47 people (4.9%) who underwent their first TCR during adulthood. This study cohort had significantly better mean functional motor levels and ambulation compared with the remaining adult cohort (both p < 0.001). The study group included 35 females (74.5%) and 12 males (25.5%); this sex distribution was significantly different in comparison with the remaining adult cohort (p = 0.016). The Kaplan-Meier curves for first TCR for females and males were significantly different (p = 0.01, log-rank test). TCR rates were correlated with sex (males had decreased risk; OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.16–0.62, p < 0.001), prior treatment for hydrocephalus (those who underwent prior treatment had decreased risk; OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.20–0.42, p < 0.001), and prior treatment for Chiari malformation (those who underwent prior treatment had greater risk; OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.50–9.88, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Adults with myelomeningocele who escape childhood without undergoing TCR have an ongoing, albeit decreased, risk for spinal cord tethering requiring TCR. This risk is obviously not due to spinal column growth and therefore must reflect other factors such as dynamic changes in spinal cord health over time. Among people with MMC who underwent their first TCR as adults, females seemed to be overrepresented. Similar to the authors’ prior childhood study, people who underwent previous Chiari decompression seemed to be overrepresented, whereas those who underwent previous treatment for hydrocephalus seem to be underrepresented. These novel findings deserve further study.

Published
2023

16. Factors Associated With Pressure Ulcers in Individuals With Spina Bifida

Author

Walker, William, Smith, Kathryn, Freeman, Kurt, Wilson, Pamela, Sawin, Kathleen, Thomson, Jeffrey, Castillo, Heidi, Brei, Timothy, Joseph, David, Pico, Elaine, Kapadia, Mitul, Bowman, Robin, Wiener, John, Peterson, Paula, Dias, Mark, Ratliff-Schaub, Karen, Dicianno, Brad, Chinarian, James, Kim, Sunkyung, Ward, Elisabeth, Dicianno, Brad E., Clayton, Gerald H., Sawin, Kathleen J., Beierwaltes, Patricia, and Thibadeau, Judy

Published
2015
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17. The Association of Health Literacy with Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth and Young Adults with Spina Bifida: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Rague, James T., primary, Kim, Soojin, additional, Hirsch, Josephine, additional, Meyer, Theresa, additional, Rosoklija, Ilina, additional, Larson, Jill E., additional, Swaroop, Vineeta T., additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Bowen, Diana K., additional, Cheng, Earl Y., additional, Gordon, Elisa J., additional, Holmbeck, Grayson, additional, Chu, Daniel I., additional, Isakova, Tamara, additional, Yerkes, Elizabeth B., additional, and Chu, David I., additional

Published
2022
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18. Education and employment as young adults living with spina bifida transition to adulthood in the USA : A study of the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Liu, Tiebin, primary, Ouyang, Lijing, additional, Walker, William O., additional, Wiener, John S., additional, Woodward, Jason, additional, Castillo, Jonathan, additional, Wood, Hadley M., additional, Tanaka, Stacy T., additional, Adams, Richard, additional, Smith, Kathryn A., additional, O'Neil, Joseph, additional, Williams, Tonya R., additional, Ward, Elisabeth A., additional, Bowman, Robin M., additional, and Riley, Catharine, additional

Published
2022
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23. Education and employment as young adults living with spina bifida transition to adulthood in the USA: A study of the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry.

Author

Liu, Tiebin, Ouyang, Lijing, Walker, William O., Wiener, John S., Woodward, Jason, Castillo, Jonathan, Wood, Hadley M., Tanaka, Stacy T., Adams, Richard, Smith, Kathryn A., O'Neil, Joseph, Williams, Tonya R., Ward, Elisabeth A., Bowman, Robin M., and Riley, Catharine

Subjects
SPINA bifida, YOUNG adults, TRANSITION to adulthood, MEDICAL registries, EMPLOYMENT statistics
Abstract

Aim: To describe the education and employment transition experience of young adults with spina bifida (YASB) and investigate factors associated with employment. Method: We queried education and employment data from the US National Spina Bifida Patient Registry from 2009 to 2019. We applied generalized estimating equations models to analyze sociodemographic and disease‐related factors associated with employment. Results: A total of 1909 participants (850 males, 1059 females) aged 18 to 26 years contributed 4379 annual visits. Nearly 84% had myelomeningocele and, at last visit, the median age was 21 years (mean 21 years 5 months, SD 2 years 10 months). A total of 41.8% had at least some post‐high school education, and 23.9% were employed. In a multivariable regression model, employment was significantly associated with education level, lower extremity functional level, bowel continence, insurance, and history of non‐shunt surgery. This large, national sample of YASB demonstrated low rates of post‐secondary education attainment and employment and several potentially modifiable factors associated with employment. Interpretation: Specific sociodemographic, medical, and functional factors associated with employment are important for clinicians to consider when facilitating transition for YASB into adulthood. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of cognitive functioning and social determinants of health on transition success in YASB. What this paper adds: There were low education attainment and employment rates in a large sample of young adults with spina bifida.Specific sociodemographic, medical, and functional factors are associated with employment.Some employment‐associated factors, such as continence and self‐management skills, are modifiable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Neurosurgical Management of Spina Bifida: Research Issues

Author

Bowman, Robin M. and McLone, David G.

Abstract

The neurosurgical goal when treating children with spina bifida (predominantly myelomeningocele) is to maintain stable neurological functioning throughout the patient's life time. Unfortunately, few long-term outcome studies are available to help direct the neurosurgical care of a child born with myelomeningocele and often treatment relies more heavily upon the experience of senior practitioners. This article reviews the current literature regarding neurosurgical treatment strategies, with recommendations concerning including prenatal diagnosis, in utero treatment and delivery modes, and postnatal management. Given the overall declining prevalence of open neural tube defects world-wide, research collaboration amongst practitioners through multicenter trial are essential to improving the lives of people born with this most complex congenital anomaly.

Published
2010
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25. Multidisciplinary Management of Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome in Children: Operationalizing an Outpatient Patient-Centered Workflow

Author

Behbahani, Mandana, Shlobin, Nathan, Rosen, Colleen, Yerkes, Elizabeth, Swaroop, Vineeta, Lam, Sandi, and Bowman, Robin

Subjects
pediatric spine, Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, ambulatory efficiency, neurogenic bladder, tethered cord, neural tube defect, multidisciplinary care, Original Research
Abstract

Mandana Behbahani,1,2 Nathan Shlobin,1,2 Colleen Rosen,1 Elizabeth Yerkes,3,4 Vineeta Swaroop,5,6 Sandi Lam,1,2 Robin Bowman1,2 1Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 3Division of Pediatric Urology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 5Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 6Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Robin BowmanDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Director of Spina Bifida Program, Lurie Children’s Hospital, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USATel +1 312 227 4220Fax +1 312 227 9679Email rbowman@luriechildrens.orgIntroduction: Multidisciplinary care for patients with tethered spinal cord syndrome (TCS) is valuable in ensuring comprehensive evaluation, timely follow-up, optimal functional outcome, and patient-centered care. The family-centered focus aims to minimize patient and parental burdens associated with care coordination. We present our first-year institutional experience in operationalizing a multidisciplinary, patient-centered, pediatric tethered cord clinic (TCC) to manage routine, long-term surgical follow-up for children with non-myelomeningocele-related tethered spinal cords.Methods: TCC is composed of three surgical services: orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, urology. A retrospective chart review of patients seen in the TCC from January 2019 to January 2020 was conducted. Patients enrolled in the clinic were intended for long-term follow-up. Demographic and outcome variables were collected.Results: Fifty-nine patients were seen in TCC. Types of tethered spinal cords amongst these patients were the following: fatty filum (62.7%), dermal sinus tract (15.2%), meningocele manqué (8.4%), lipomyelomeningocele (6.7%), low lying conus medullaris (5.1%), and sacral arachnoid cyst (1.7%). Age at diagnosis was 1.31 ± 2.21 (median: 0.25 years) and at follow-up was 9.0 ± 5.18 years (median: 8 years). A total of 50.9% of patients were female, and 93.2% had a prior untethering procedure. Of all patients, 6.8% have no surgical intervention and continue to be monitored conservatively for evidence of decline. All three services evaluated 84.8% of patients during the same clinic session, while 15.3% of patients were seen by two of the services, and 20.3% of patients were able to schedule related imaging or diagnostic testing during the same visit.Conclusion: We describe successful implementation of a multidisciplinary pediatric TCC and document the first year of experience. The TCC streamlines care, decreases burden on families, and reduces those lost to follow-up. Complex disease pathologies, even when clinically stable, require long-term follow-up with multiple subspecialties and benefit from multidisciplinary clinics.Keywords: neural tube defect, tethered cord, pediatric spine, neurogenic bladder, multidisciplinary care, ambulatory efficiency

Published
2020

27. Assessment of Health Literacy and Self-reported Readiness for Transition to Adult Care Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Spina Bifida

Author

Rague, James T., primary, Kim, Soojin, additional, Hirsch, Josephine A., additional, Meyer, Theresa, additional, Rosoklija, Ilina, additional, Larson, Jill E., additional, Swaroop, Vineeta T., additional, Bowman, Robin M., additional, Bowen, Diana K., additional, Cheng, Earl Y., additional, Gordon, Elisa J., additional, Chu, Daniel I., additional, Isakova, Tamara, additional, Yerkes, Elizabeth B., additional, and Chu, David I., additional

Published
2021
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30. Tethered spinal cord among individuals with myelomeningocele: an analysis of the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Dias, Mark S., primary, Wang, Ming, additional, Rizk, Elias B., additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Partington, Michael D., additional, Blount, Jeffrey P., additional, Rocque, Brandon G., additional, Hopson, Betsy, additional, Ettinger, Daria, additional, Lee, Amy, additional, Walker, William O., additional, and _, _, additional

Published
2021
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34. Linkage to chromosome 2q36.1 in autosomal dominant Dandy-Walker malformation with occipital cephalocele and evidence for genetic heterogeneity

Author

Jalali, Ali, Aldinger, Kimberly A., Chary, Ajit, Mclone, David G., Bowman, Robin M., Le, Luan Cong, Jardine, Phillip, Newbury-Ecob, Ruth, Mallick, Andrew, Jafari, Nadereh, Russell, Eric J., Curran, John, Nguyen, Pam, Ouahchi, Karim, Lee, Charles, Dobyns, William B., Millen, Kathleen J., Pina-Neto, Joao M., Kessler, John A., and Bassuk, Alexander G.

Published
2008
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36. Diagnostic Test Characteristics of Ultrasound Based Hydronephrosis in Identifying Low Kidney Function in Young Patients with Spina Bifida: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Chu, David I., primary, Balmert, Lauren C., additional, Chen, Liqi, additional, Arkin, Cameron, additional, Meyer, Theresa, additional, Rosoklija, Ilina, additional, Bowen, Diana K., additional, Hodgkins, Kavita S., additional, Bowman, Robin M., additional, Cheng, Earl Y., additional, Yerkes, Elizabeth B., additional, and Isakova, Tamara, additional

Published
2021
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38. Multidisciplinary Management of Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome in Children: Operationalizing an Outpatient Patient-Centered Workflow

Author

Behbahani,Mandana, Shlobin,Nathan, Rosen,Colleen, Yerkes,Elizabeth, Swaroop,Vineeta, Lam,Sandi, Bowman,Robin, Behbahani,Mandana, Shlobin,Nathan, Rosen,Colleen, Yerkes,Elizabeth, Swaroop,Vineeta, Lam,Sandi, and Bowman,Robin

Abstract

Mandana Behbahani,1,2 Nathan Shlobin,1,2 Colleen Rosen,1 Elizabeth Yerkes,3,4 Vineeta Swaroop,5,6 Sandi Lam,1,2 Robin Bowman1,2 1Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 3Division of Pediatric Urology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 5Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; 6Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Robin BowmanDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Director of Spina Bifida Program, Lurie Children’s Hospital, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USATel +1 312 227 4220Fax +1 312 227 9679Email rbowman@luriechildrens.orgIntroduction: Multidisciplinary care for patients with tethered spinal cord syndrome (TCS) is valuable in ensuring comprehensive evaluation, timely follow-up, optimal functional outcome, and patient-centered care. The family-centered focus aims to minimize patient and parental burdens associated with care coordination. We present our first-year institutional experience in operationalizing a multidisciplinary, patient-centered, pediatric tethered cord clinic (TCC) to manage routine, long-term surgical follow-up for children with non-myelomeningocele-related tethered spinal cords.Methods: TCC is composed of three surgical services: orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, urology. A retrospective chart review of patients seen in the TCC from January 2019 to January 2020 was conducted. Patients enrolled in the clinic were intended for long-term follow-up. Demographic and outcome variables were collected.Results: Fifty-nine patients were seen in TCC. Types of t

Published
2020

42. Contributors

Author

Aarabi, Bizhan, primary, Abbott, Rick, additional, Abdulrauf, Saleem I., additional, Acosta, Frank L., additional, Adler, John R., additional, Agazaryan, Nzhde, additional, Aghi, Manish, additional, Ahn, Edward S., additional, Alaraj, Ali, additional, Albert, Gregory W., additional, Albright, Leland, additional, Albuquerque, Felipe C., additional, Alden, Tord D., additional, Alexander, Michael J., additional, Alexandrov, Andrei V., additional, Al-Mefty, Ossama, additional, Alterman, Ron L., additional, Álvarez, Lázaro, additional, Amankulor, Nduka M., additional, Amenta, Peter S., additional, Ames, Christopher P., additional, Amin-Hanjani, Sepideh, additional, Ammirati, Mario, additional, Anderson, Carryn, additional, Anderson, Richard C.E., additional, Anderson, William S., additional, Angevine, Peter D., additional, Arif, Hiba, additional, Arle, Jeffrey E., additional, Armonda, Rocco, additional, Arnold, Paul M., additional, Asadi-Moghaddam, Kaveh, additional, Asghar, Ferhan A., additional, Ashley, William W., additional, Aydin, Sabri, additional, Aygun, Nafi, additional, Baehring, Joachim M., additional, Bagley, Jacob H., additional, Bahgat, Diaa, additional, Bailes, Julian E., additional, Ball, Jonathon R., additional, Baltuch, Gordon H., additional, Bambakidis, Nicholas C., additional, Baraban, Scott C., additional, Barani, Igor J., additional, Barbaro, Nicholas M., additional, Barker, Frederick G., additional, Barnett, Gene H., additional, Barnwell, Stanley L., additional, Barone, Constance M., additional, Barrow, Daniel L., additional, Bartolomei, Fabrice, additional, Bartolomei, Juan, additional, Batchelor, Tracy T., additional, Batjer, H. Hunt, additional, Bauer, Andrew M., additional, Bauman, Joel A., additional, Baumann, Thomas K., additional, Baumgartner, James E., additional, Bayouth, John, additional, Beaumont, Andrew, additional, Bederson, Joshua B., additional, Beisse, Rudolf, additional, Bell, Randy S., additional, Belzberg, Allan, additional, Benabid, Alim Louis, additional, Benarroch, Eduardo E., additional, Benazzouz, Abdelhamid, additional, Bendok, Bernard R., additional, Benzel, Edward C., additional, Berenstein, Alejandro, additional, Berger, Mitchel S., additional, Bergsneider, Marvin, additional, Bertalanffy, Helmut, additional, Bhalla, Tarun, additional, Bidros, Dani S., additional, Biller, José, additional, Bilsky, Mark H., additional, Binder, Devin K., additional, Bingaman, William, additional, Birch, Rolfe, additional, Bishop, Allen T., additional, Black, Peter M., additional, Blount, Jeffrey P., additional, Blumbergs, Peter C., additional, Bohman, Leif-Erik, additional, Boomsaad, Zackary E., additional, Boop, Frederick A., additional, Bou-Haidar, Pascal, additional, Boué, Daniel R., additional, Bourgeois, Blaise F.D., additional, Bowman, Robin M., additional, Bozinov, Oliver, additional, Bramlett, Helen M., additional, Brem, Henry, additional, Brem, Steven, additional, Britz, Gavin W., additional, Brockmeyer, Douglas L., additional, Brooks, David J., additional, Browd, Samuel R., additional, Brown, Paul D., additional, Brown, Robert D., additional, Bruce, Jeffrey N., additional, Brunstrom-Hernandez, Janice E., additional, Buatti, John, additional, Bullock, M. Ross, additional, Burchiel, Kim J., additional, Burger, Peter C., additional, Bussière, Marc R., additional, Bydon, Mohamad, additional, Byrne, Richard W., additional, Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa, additional, Campbell, Victoria A., additional, Campbell, William, additional, Cannon, George M., additional, Caragine, Louis P., additional, Carson, Benjamin S., additional, Cascino, Gregory D., additional, Cascio, Ethan, additional, Castinetti, Frédéric, additional, Cawley, C. Michael, additional, Cetas, Justin S., additional, Chabardès, Stéphan, additional, Chang, Edward F., additional, Chang, Eric C., additional, Chang, Eric L., additional, Chang, Steven D., additional, Chang, Steven W., additional, Chang, Susan M., additional, Chao, Kevin, additional, Chapman, Paul H., additional, Charbel, Fady T., additional, Chauvel, Patrick, additional, Chen, Grace, additional, Cheng, Boyle C., additional, Cheng, Joseph S., additional, Chern, Joshua J., additional, Chiocca, E. Antonio, additional, Choutka, Ondrej, additional, Chowdhry, Shakeel A., additional, Christian, Cindy W., additional, Chuang, Kathy, additional, Claassen, Jan, additional, Clatterbuck, Richard E., additional, Claus, Elizabeth B., additional, Cleary, Daniel R., additional, Coffey, Robert J., additional, Cohen, Alan R., additional, Cole, Andrew J., additional, Connolly, E. Sander, additional, Connolly, Patrick J., additional, Copay, Anne G., additional, Coppens, Jeroen R., additional, Corbett, James J., additional, Corcos, Daniel M., additional, Coric, Domagoj, additional, Cosgrove, Garth Rees, additional, Couldwell, William T., additional, Craig, Stirling, additional, Crawford, Neil R., additional, Crino, Peter B., additional, Crowley, R. Webster, additional, Curt, Bradford A., additional, Czosnyka, Marek, additional, Czosnyka, Zofia, additional, Dadashev, Vladimir Y., additional, Dailey, Andrew T., additional, Danan, Deepa, additional, Danish, Shabbar F., additional, Dashti, Shervin R., additional, David, Carlos A., additional, David, David J., additional, Day, Arthur L., additional, De Salles, Antonio A.F., additional, Dehdashti, Amir R., additional, Del Brutto, Oscar H., additional, Delashaw, Johnny B., additional, Delman, Bradley, additional, DeLong, Mahlon R., additional, DeMonte, Franco, additional, Dhall, Sanjay S., additional, Dias, Mark S., additional, Dickman, Curtis A., additional, Dietrich, W. Dalton, additional, DiLuna, Michael L., additional, Di Meco, Francesco, additional, Dirks, Peter, additional, Dixon, C. Edward, additional, Donoghue, Jacob A., additional, Dorward, Ian G., additional, Doshi, Amish H., additional, Drake, James, additional, Drzymalski, Dan, additional, Du, Rose, additional, Ducruet, Andrew, additional, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, additional, Dumont, Aaron S., additional, Duntsch, Christopher D., additional, Dusick, Joshua R., additional, Dyve, Suzan, additional, Eberwine, James, additional, Eboli, Paula, additional, Ecker, Robert D., additional, Edwards, Richard J., additional, Eichler, Marc E., additional, Engel, Doortje C., additional, Epstein, Nancy E., additional, Ewend, Matthew G., additional, Farhat, Hamad, additional, Farrell, Christopher J., additional, Fehlings, Michael G., additional, Feiz-Erfan, Iman, additional, Feldstein, Neil A., additional, Fessler, Richard G., additional, Figueroa, Juan J., additional, Filler, Aaron G., additional, Findlay, J. Max, additional, Finn, Michael A., additional, Fiorella, David J., additional, Fisher, James L., additional, Fisher, Robert S., additional, Flamm, Eugene S., additional, Fleck, James D., additional, Flemming, Kelly D., additional, Flickinger, John C., additional, Flores-Sarnat, Laura, additional, Follett, Kenneth A., additional, Foote, Kelly D., additional, Fourney, Daryl R., additional, Fraix, Valerie, additional, Frazier, James L., additional, Fried, Itzhak, additional, Friedman, Allan H., additional, Friedman, William A., additional, Friehs, Gerhard M., additional, Fry, Donald E., additional, Fuller, Gregory N., additional, Garcia, Hector H., additional, Gardner, Paul A., additional, Garrett, Mark, additional, Garton, Hugh, additional, Gavin, Cormac G., additional, Gean, Alisa D., additional, Gennarelli, Thomas A., additional, Gerganov, Venelin, additional, Germanwala, Anand V., additional, Gerosa, Massimo, additional, Gerstner, Elizabeth R., additional, Gerszten, Peter C., additional, Ghatan, Saadi, additional, Ghostine, Samer, additional, Giannotta, Steven, additional, Gigante, Paul R., additional, Gilliam, Frank, additional, Gilmer-Hill, Holly, additional, Gjedde, Albert, additional, Glick, Roberta P., additional, Gokaslan, Ziya L., additional, Gologorsky, Yakov, additional, Golshani, Kiarash, additional, Gonzalez, Nestor R., additional, Goodrich, James Tait, additional, Gordon, Tessa, additional, Gorgulho, Alessandra A., additional, Goumnerova, Liliana C., additional, Grady, M. Sean, additional, Grafman, Jordan, additional, Grand, Sylvie, additional, Grant, Gerald A., additional, Graziano, Gregory P., additional, Greenberg, Benjamin, additional, Guest, James, additional, Guha, Abhijit, additional, Günel, Murat, additional, Gupta, Gaurav, additional, Gupta, Nalin, additional, Guridi, Jorge, additional, Guthrie, Barton L., additional, Haddad, Georges F., additional, Haglund, Michael M., additional, Haid, Regis W., additional, Haines, Stephen J., additional, Hamani, Clement, additional, Hamilton, Bronwyn E., additional, Hamilton, D. Kojo, additional, Hankinson, Todd C., additional, Happel, Leo T., additional, Haq, Ihtsham Ul, additional, Haque, Raqeeb, additional, Harbaugh, Robert E., additional, Harraher, Ciara D., additional, Harris, Leo, additional, Harrop, James S., additional, Hassaneen, Wael, additional, Hawkins, Cynthia, additional, Hawryluk, Gregory W.J., additional, Haynes, Neal G., additional, Heary, Robert F., additional, Heimberger, Amy B., additional, Heinricher, Mary M., additional, Hemmen, Thomas M., additional, Henderson, Jaimie M., additional, Heros, Roberto C., additional, Herrup, Karl, additional, Hervey-Jumper, Shawn L., additional, Heuer, Gregory G., additional, Hirsch, Lawrence J., additional, Hirschl, Robert, additional, Hoh, Brian L., additional, Hoh, Daniel J., additional, Holland, Eric C., additional, Holtzheimer, Paul E., additional, Hopkins, L. Nelson, additional, Horner, Philip J., additional, Hovda, David A., additional, Howard, Matthew A., additional, Hsieh, Patrick, additional, Hu, Yin C., additional, Hua, Sherwin E., additional, Huang, Jason H., additional, Huang, Judy, additional, Hughes, Samuel A., additional, Huisman, Thierry A.G.M., additional, Hunt, Matthew A., additional, Hurlbert, R. John, additional, Hurst, Robert W., additional, Huttner, Anita, additional, Hwang, Steven W., additional, Isaias, Ioannis U., additional, Iskandar, Bermans J., additional, Jacob, Arun, additional, Jaeckle, Kurt A., additional, Jagannathan, Jay, additional, Jakacki, Regina I., additional, Jallo, George I., additional, Jane, John A., additional, Janicki, Ryan, additional, Janigro, Damir, additional, Jeelani, N u Owase, additional, Jellinger, Kurt A., additional, Jenkins, Arthur L., additional, Jernigan, Sarah, additional, Jimenez, David F., additional, Johanson, Conrad E., additional, Johnson, J. Patrick, additional, Johnson, Matthew D., additional, Jones, G. Alexander, additional, Jutla, Rajni K., additional, Kainth, Koijan Singh, additional, Kaiser, Michael G., additional, Kakarla, U. Kumar, additional, Kalfas, Iain H., additional, Kalnins, Aleksandrs Uldis, additional, Kano, Hideyuki, additional, Kanpolat, Yucel, additional, Kanter, Adam S., additional, Karimi, Reza J., additional, Kassam, Amin B., additional, Kaufman, Bruce A., additional, Kaufman, Christian B., additional, Kawasaki, Hiroto, additional, Kelley, Brian C., additional, Kellner, Christopher P., additional, Keong, Nicole C., additional, Kestle, John R.W., additional, Khalessi, Alexander A., additional, Khan, Nadia, additional, Khurana, Vini G., additional, Kim, Daniel H., additional, Kim, Dong Gyu, additional, Kim, Dong H., additional, Kim, Jong Hyun, additional, Kim, Louis J., additional, Kim, Paul K., additional, Kim, Thomas Aquinas, additional, Kim, Won, additional, King, James A.J., additional, Kitagawa, Ryan S., additional, Kitchen, Neil D., additional, Klimo, Paul, additional, Kline, David G., additional, Kobayashi, Kazutaka, additional, Kochanek, Patrick M., additional, Kondziolka, Douglas, additional, Kongkham, Paul N., additional, Koski, Tyler R., additional, Kosztowski, Thomas, additional, Krack, Paul, additional, Krauss, Joachim K., additional, Kraut, Michael A., additional, Krayenbühl, Niklaus, additional, Kretschmer, Thomas, additional, Krishnaney, Ajit, additional, Kuntz, Charles, additional, Kuo, Jeffrey V., additional, Kwon, Brian K., additional, Laack, Nadia N. Issa, additional, Lad, Shivanand P., additional, Ladha, Alim M., additional, Ladouceur, Amos K., additional, Lam, Arthur M., additional, Lang, Frederick F., additional, Lanzino, Giuseppe, additional, Lavine, Sean D., additional, Laws, Edward R., additional, Lawton, Michael T., additional, Laxton, Adrian W., additional, Le, Tuong H., additional, LeBas, Jean François, additional, Lebed, Brett D., additional, Lebow, Richard L., additional, Lee, Amy, additional, Lee, Ian, additional, Lee, Seon-Kyu, additional, Lehmann, Emily, additional, Leiphart, James W., additional, Lekovic, Gregory P., additional, Lenz, Frederick A., additional, Leonard, Jeffrey R., additional, LeRoux, Peter D., additional, Lévêque, Marc, additional, Levi, Allan D., additional, Levy, Elad I., additional, Liau, Linda M., additional, Liauw, Jason, additional, Lichtenbaum, Roger, additional, Lichtor, Terry, additional, Limbrick, David D., additional, Lingsma, Hester, additional, Link, Michael J., additional, Linskey, Mark E., additional, Litt, Brian, additional, Litvack, Zachary N., additional, Liu, James K.C., additional, Liu, Kenneth C., additional, Loeffler, Jay S., additional, Loftus, Christopher M., additional, Lonser, Russell R., additional, Louvi, Angeliki, additional, Lozano, Andres M., additional, Lu, Daniel C., additional, Lukas, Rimas V., additional, Lunsford, L. Dade, additional, Luther, Neal, additional, Lylyk, Pedro, additional, Maas, Andrew I.R., additional, Macdonald, R. Loch, additional, Machado, Andre, additional, Macias, Raul, additional, Maciunas, Robert J., additional, Maddux, Brian N., additional, Magistretti, Pierre, additional, Malessy, Martijn J.A., additional, Malhotra, Neil R., additional, Malone, Donald A., additional, Mamelak, Adam N., additional, Mandigo, Christopher E., additional, Mangano, Francesco T., additional, Maniker, Allen H., additional, Manley, Geoffrey T., additional, Marchac, Daniel, additional, Marmarou, Anthony, additional, Maroon, Joseph C., additional, Marshall, Lawrence F., additional, Martin, Neil A., additional, Martin, Timothy J., additional, Mason, Alexander M., additional, Mathews, Marlon S., additional, Mayberg, Helen S., additional, McAllister, James P., additional, McComb, J. Gordon, additional, McCormick, Paul C., additional, McCutcheon, Ian E., additional, McDermott, Michael W., additional, McDougall, Cameron G., additional, McGehee, Matthew, additional, McIntyre, Cameron C., additional, McKhann, Guy M., additional, McKisic, M. Sean, additional, Meaney, David F., additional, Mehta, Minesh P., additional, Mehta, Vivek, additional, Melega, William P., additional, Menezes, Arnold H., additional, Mertens, Patrick, additional, Meyer, Fredric B., additional, Meyer, Scott A., additional, Meyers, Philip M., additional, Michaelides, Costas, additional, Michaud, Karine, additional, Midha, Rajiv, additional, Miele, Vincent J., additional, Miller, Jonathan, additional, Miller, Matthew L., additional, Miller, Neil R., additional, Mitrofanis, John, additional, Miyashiro, Kevin Y., additional, Mocco, J., additional, Modic, Michael T., additional, Moftakhar, Parham, additional, Mohan, Avinash, additional, Monteith, Stephen J., additional, Morcos, Jacques J., additional, Morgan, Michael, additional, Morris, David E., additional, Moss, S. David, additional, Muizelaar, J. Paul, additional, Mukhida, Karim, additional, Mummaneni, Praveen V., additional, Murad, Gregory J.A., additional, Muraszko, Karin, additional, Mussi, Antônio C.M., additional, Najm, Imad, additional, Nakaji, Peter, additional, Narayanan, Sandra, additional, Newell, David W., additional, Nicholas, M. Kelly, additional, Niimi, Yasunari, additional, Nimjee, Shahid M., additional, Niranjan, Ajay, additional, North, Richard B., additional, Novotny, Josef, additional, Nurmikko, Turo, additional, Nutt, Samuel E., additional, Oakes, W. Jerry, additional, Obeso, José A., additional, Ogden, Alfred T., additional, Ogieglo, Lissa, additional, Ogilvy, Christopher S., additional, Okonkwo, David O., additional, Okun, Michael S., additional, Oldfield, Edward H., additional, Olivi, Alessandro, additional, Olvey, Stephen E., additional, Omahen, David, additional, O'Neill, Brent, additional, Oskouian, Rod J., additional, Owen, Robert, additional, Özduman, Koray, additional, Ozturk, Ali Kemal, additional, Pamir, M. Necmettin, additional, Pang, Dachling, additional, Pardini, Jamie, additional, Parent, Andrew D., additional, Park, T.S., additional, Partington, Michael D., additional, Patel, Aman B., additional, Patil, Parag G., additional, Pavese, Nicola, additional, Penn, Richard D., additional, Perin, Noel I., additional, Persing, John A., additional, Petersen, Erika A., additional, Petraglia, Anthony L., additional, Piallat, Brigitte, additional, Piatt, Joseph H., additional, Pickard, John D., additional, Piepmeier, Joseph M., additional, Pilcher, Webster H., additional, Pineda, José, additional, Pinter, Joseph D., additional, Pisculli, Mary L., additional, Pittman, Thomas, additional, Pollack, Ian F., additional, Pollak, Pierre, additional, Pollock, Bruce E., additional, Ponce, Francisco A., additional, Porter, Alyx B., additional, Porter, Randall W., additional, Post, Kalmon D., additional, Powers, Alexander K., additional, Proctor, Mark R., additional, Prost, Robert W., additional, Pugh, Jeffrey, additional, Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alfredo, additional, Raffel, Corey, additional, Rajpal, Sharad, additional, Rangel-Castilla, Leonardo, additional, Rao, Ganesh, additional, Raslan, Ahmed, additional, Rasmussen, Peter A., additional, Ray, Dibyendu K., additional, Raza, Shaan M., additional, Reames, Davis L., additional, Reddy, Chandan G., additional, Redmond, Andy J., additional, Régis, Jean, additional, Reilly, Peter L., additional, Renier, Dominique, additional, Resnick, Daniel K., additional, Reynolds, Renee, additional, Rezai, Ali R., additional, Rhines, Laurence D., additional, Rhoton, Albert L., additional, Ribalta, Teresa, additional, Richardson, R. Mark, additional, Rigamonti, Daniele, additional, Riggins, Gregory J., additional, Riva-Cambrin, Jay, additional, Rizzo, Paolo, additional, Roberts, David W., additional, Robertson, Claudia, additional, Robinson, Lawrence, additional, Robinson, Shenandoah, additional, Roche, Pierre-Hugues, additional, Rockoff, Mark A., additional, Rodts, Gerald E., additional, Romanelli, Pantaleo, additional, Rosenblum, Mark L., additional, Rosenow, Joshua M., additional, Rosner, Michael K., additional, Rovner, Eric S., additional, Runge-Samuelson, Christina L., additional, Russell, Stephen M., additional, Rutka, James T., additional, Sagher, Oren, additional, St. Clair, Eric G., additional, Samii, Madjid, additional, Sampath, Prakash, additional, Samudrala, Srinath, additional, Sanai, Nader, additional, Sanford, Robert A., additional, Santiago, Paul, additional, Santiago-Sim, Teresa, additional, Sarnat, Harvey B., additional, Sawaya, Raymond, additional, Scheld, W. Michael, additional, Shirzadi, Wouter I., additional, Schiff, Nicholas D., additional, Schirmer, Clemens M., additional, Schlesinger, David, additional, Schmidt, Meic H., additional, Schouten, Joost W., additional, Schramm, Johannes, additional, Schuler, Thomas C., additional, Schuster, James M., additional, Schwartz, Theodore H., additional, Schwartzbaum, Judith A., additional, Schweder, Patrick M., additional, Scott, R. Michael, additional, Seigneuret, Eric, additional, Selden, Nathan R., additional, Selman, Warren R., additional, Shaffrey, Christopher I., additional, Shah, Manish N., additional, Shahlaie, Kiarash, additional, Shapiro, William R., additional, Sharma, Deepak, additional, Sheehan, Jason P., additional, Sheehan, Jonas M., additional, Sherma, Arun K., additional, Shiflett, James M., additional, Shih, Helen A., additional, Shils, Jay L., additional, Shin, Alexander Y., additional, Shirzadi, Ali, additional, Siddiqui, Adnan H., additional, Sindou, Marc, additional, Slavin, Konstantin V., additional, Smith, Edward R., additional, Smith, Justin S., additional, Smith, Yoland, additional, Smyth, Matthew D., additional, Sneed, Penny K., additional, Snyder, Brian J., additional, Snyder, Kenneth V., additional, Solomon, Robert A., additional, Sonntag, Volker K.H., additional, Sørensen, Leif, additional, Soriano, Sulpicio G., additional, Souweidane, Mark M., additional, Spears, Julian, additional, Spencer, David, additional, Spencer, Dennis D., additional, Spetzler, Robert F., additional, Spinner, Robert J., additional, Stacey, Brett R., additional, Stacey, William C., additional, Starke, Robert M., additional, Starr, Philip A., additional, Steinberg, Gary K., additional, Stephens, Frederick L., additional, Stern, Barney J., additional, Stevenson, Charles B., additional, Stiner, Eric, additional, Stone, Scellig, additional, Stroud, Nicole L., additional, Stuart, Robert Morgan, additional, Subach, Brian R., additional, Sugrue, Patrick A., additional, Suki, Dima, additional, Sulaiman, Wale A.R., additional, Surdell, Daniel L., additional, Sutherling, William W., additional, Sutton, Leslie N., additional, Syed, Omar N., additional, Tagliati, Michele, additional, Takagi, Yasushi, additional, Tamargo, Rafael J., additional, Tan, Caroline C., additional, Tandon, Nitin, additional, Tatagiba, Marcos, additional, Taylor, Michael D., additional, Telian, Steven A., additional, Teo, Charles, additional, Tessier, Jeffrey M., additional, Than, Khoi D., additional, Thapar, Kamal, additional, Theodore, Nicholas, additional, Thompson, B. Gregory, additional, Tiel,, Robert, additional, Tihan, Tarik, additional, Tilton, Ann, additional, Timmons, Shelly D., additional, Toledo, Maria, additional, Tomita, Tadanori, additional, Tomycz, Nestor D., additional, Torres, Napoleon, additional, Toussaint, Charles P., additional, Trapp, Bruce D., additional, Traynelis, Vincent C., additional, Tubbs, R. Shane, additional, Tumialán, Luis M., additional, Tunkel, Allan R., additional, Umemura, Atsushi, additional, Vaccaro, Alexander R., additional, van Besien, Koen, additional, Vitek, Jerrold L., additional, Vives, Kenneth P., additional, Vogel, Timothy W., additional, Vogelbaum, Michael A., additional, Vollmer, Dennis G., additional, Von Allmen, Gretchen K., additional, von Eckardstein, Kajetan L., additional, Wackym, P. Ashley, additional, Wainwright, Mark, additional, Waldau, Ben, additional, Walker, Marion L., additional, Wallace, M. Christopher, additional, Walsh, Brian, additional, Wang, Huan, additional, Wang, Michael Y., additional, Wang, Vincent Y., additional, Warnick, Ronald E., additional, Webb, Sharon, additional, Weigel, Ralf, additional, Weil, Robert J., additional, Weingart, Jon D., additional, Weir, Bryce, additional, Weiss, Martin, additional, Weiss, Nirit, additional, Welch, William C., additional, Wellons, John C., additional, Wen, Hung Tzu, additional, Wess, Christian, additional, West, G. Alexander, additional, Wetjen, Nicholas M., additional, Whitmore, Robert G., additional, Whitworth, Louis A., additional, Wichmann, Thomas, additional, Wiemels, Joseph L., additional, Wijdicks, Eelco F.M., additional, Wilberger, Adam C., additional, Wilberger, Jack, additional, Wildrick, David M., additional, Wilson, Jason, additional, Winfree, Christopher J., additional, Winn, H. Richard, additional, Wolfla, Christopher, additional, Wong, Eric T., additional, Wormald, Peter J., additional, Wrensch, Margaret, additional, Wright, Neill M., additional, Wright, Zachary, additional, Yam, David, additional, Yamada, Shinya, additional, Yamada, Yoshiya, additional, Yang, Isaac, additional, Yang, Victor X.D., additional, Yao, Tom, additional, Yen, Chun-Po, additional, Yeoh, H. Kwang, additional, Yonekawa, Yasuhiro, additional, Yoo, Alice, additional, Yousem, David M., additional, Yuen, Eric C., additional, Zabramski, Joseph M., additional, Zacest, Andrew C., additional, Zacko, J. Christopher, additional, Zada, Gabriel, additional, Zafonte, Ross, additional, Zager, Eric L., additional, Zaidi, Hasan A., additional, Zarzour, Hekmat, additional, Zerris, Vasilios A., additional, Zivin, Justin A., additional, Zovickian, John G., additional, Zubkov, Alexander Y., additional, and Zwienenberg-Lee, Marike, additional

Published
2011
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47. Decompression for Chiari malformation type II in individuals with myelomeningocele in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Kim, Irene, primary, Hopson, Betsy, additional, Aban, Inmaculada, additional, Rizk, Elias B., additional, Dias, Mark S., additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Ackerman, Laurie L., additional, Partington, Michael D., additional, Castillo, Heidi, additional, Castillo, Jonathan, additional, Peterson, Paula R., additional, Blount, Jeffrey P., additional, and Rocque, Brandon G., additional

Published
2018
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48. Treated hydrocephalus in individuals with myelomeningocele in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry

Author

Kim, Irene, primary, Hopson, Betsy, additional, Aban, Inmaculada, additional, Rizk, Elias B., additional, Dias, Mark S., additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, Ackerman, Laurie L., additional, Partington, Michael D., additional, Castillo, Heidi, additional, Castillo, Jonathan, additional, Peterson, Paula R., additional, Blount, Jeffrey P., additional, and Rocque, Brandon G., additional

Published
2018
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49. Long-Term Intellectual and Fine Motor Outcomes in Spina Bifida Are Related to Myelomeningocele Repair and Shunt Intervention History.

Author

Ware, Ashley L., Kulesz, Paulina A., Orkisz, Julian S., Arrington, C. N., Bowman, Robin M., and Fletcher, Jack M.

Subjects
SPINA bifida, MYELOMENINGOCELE, MOTOR ability, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, CEREBROSPINAL fluid shunts
Abstract

Objective: Lifespan outcomes of simultaneous versus sequential myelomeningocele repair and shunt placement or effects of repeated shunt revisions on specific domains of IQ or fine motor dexterity are largely unknown. The current study addressed these gaps in a large cohort of children and adults with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM). Methods: Participants between 7 and 44 years of age with SBM and shunted hydrocephalus were recruited from international clinics at two time points. Each participant completed a standardized neuropsychological evaluation that included estimates of IQ and fine motor dexterity. Simultaneous versus sequential surgical repair and number of shunt revisions were examined in relation to long-term IQ and fine motor scores. Results: Simultaneous myelomeningocele repair and shunting were associated with more frequent shunt revisions, as well as to lower Full Scale and verbal IQ scores, controlling for number of shunt revisions. More shunt revisions across study time points were associated with higher nonverbal IQ (NVIQ) scores. No effects were observed on fine motor dexterity. Conclusions: Findings indicate generally greater influence of surgery type over shunt revision history on outcomes in well-managed hydrocephalus. Findings supported apparent, domain-specific benefits of sequential compared to simultaneous surgery across the lifespan in SBM. Higher NVIQ scores with greater number of additional shunt revisions across surgery type supported positive outcomes with effective surgical management for hydrocephalus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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50. EPEN-30. HISTONE H3 LYSINE 4 TRIMETHYLATION IS A POTENTIAL TARGET TO IMPROVE CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC EFFICACY FOR PEDIATRIC PRIMARY EPENDYMOMAS

Author

XI, Guifa, primary, Li, Yuping, additional, Hoffman, Lindsey, additional, Hashizume, Rintaro, additional, Lewis, Rebecca, additional, Gravohac, Gordan, additional, Wadhwani, Nitin, additional, Rice, Gavin, additional, Jie, Chunfa, additional, Best, Bemjamin, additional, Saratisis, Amanda, additional, Alden, Tord, additional, Bowman, Robin, additional, DiPatri, Arthur, additional, Mania-Farnell, Barbara, additional, Soares, Marcelo, additional, James, Charles, additional, Foreman, Nick, additional, and Tomita, Tadanori, additional

Published
2018
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