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Le cancer du sein est le cancer le plus fréquent chez la femme, notamment au Maroc, avec un taux de mortalité élevé. Les métastases gastro-intestinales d'un carcinome canalaire du sein sont rares. Leur diagnostic est difficile du fait de la nature non spécifique des symptômes. Nous rapportons deux observations originales de métastases gastroduodénales d'un cancer canalaire infiltrant du sein. Les métastases gastro-intestinales du cancer du sein sont très rares ; la présence de symptômes gastro-intestinaux chez une malade ayant un antécédent de cancer du sein doit faire suspecter une atteinte métastatique gastro-intestinale.

Introduction: The simultaneous achievement of endometrial and ovarian cancer by a cancerous process is not a rare phenomenon. In the absence of molecular biology, it is a true diagnostic challenge: Is it a double primary or metastatic form? Purpose of Our Work: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the association of synchronous carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium, the epidemiological, clinical, histological and evolving profiles. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Regional Oncology Center Hassan II between 2005 and 2012. We analyzed the clinical folders of patients with synchronous carcinoma of the ovary and endometrium in terms of epidemiological, clinical, histological and evolutionarily profiles. Results: 11 cases have been collected during this period (8% of ovarian cancers and 17% of the endometrium cancers). The average age of patients was 51 years. 46% of patients were nulliparous and 54% in pre menopause. The most frequent reason for consultation was the abdominal pelvic pain in 6 patients followed by spontaneous bleeding in five cases. Ten patients were treated by radical hysterectomy without adnexal consevation. The omentectomy was performed in eight patients. Four patients underwent a pelvic lymphadenectomy. Adjuvant chemotherapy was conducted in eight cases and adjuvant radiation in two cases. Pathological examination showed histological correlation of endometrial and ovarian tumors in 10 patients with a dominance of endometroid carcinoma. According to Scully and Ulbright criteria, five patients had endometrial cancer with metastasis to the ovary, five patients had ovarian cancer with metastasis to the endometrium and one patient had two independent primary tumors. At the end of treatment, nine patients were in good control. With a median follow of 60 months, one patient developed an isolated metastasis and three patients a pelvic recurrence and metastasis. Conclusion: Our study is limited by the small number of patients. However, it seems that women with synchronous carcinomas of endometrium and ovary had clinical (younger age, pre-menopausal status and nulliparity) and histological (dominance of endometroid type) characteristic suggesting that hormonal factors may explain the development of synchronous carcinomas of endometrium and ovary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast cancer in men is an uncommon disease, accounting for approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases. The aim of our study is to investigate the epidemiological and clinical aspects, the pathological features and results of treatment of this rare entity in the Eastern Region of Morocco. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Oncology Center of Oujda between January 2006 and December 2013. We analyzed the clinical records of male patients with breast cancer. In each case, the following features were studied: age, family history, circumstances of discovery, histological and immunohistochemical data, treatment and the evolutionary profile. Results: 25 cases have been collected over this period (0.5% of all breast cancers). The average age of patients was 62,5ans. 4 patients had a family history of breast cancer (16% of cases). The nodule sub-nipple as circumstance of discovery was the most frequent (68%); 15 patients consulted beyond to 3 months (60%). Mammography ± ultrasound were performed in 19 patients (76%). After staging, five patients had metastatic disease (20%). Twenty-three patients underwent surgical treatment (92% of cases). It was a radical Halsted mastectomy for 19 patients (82.6%) and Patey for 4 patients (17.4%). The mean histological tumor size was 3.5cm. 65% were classified as pT1T2 and 35% pT3T4. The only histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (100% of cases), grade II (SBR) in 95% of cases. 81% of patients had axillary lymph node involvement. Hormone receptors were positive in 88% and HER2 test negative in 83% of cases. 80% of patients with no metastatic disease had an adjuvant chemotherapy and 90% had an adjuvant radiotherapy and tamoxifen. After a mean of 60 months, 40% of patients with no metastatic disease were kept in control, 40% had a local ± metastatic recurrence after a mean of 33 months and 20% were lost to follow up. Conclusion: Breast cancer in men is rare. The histo-biological profile looks identical to breast cancer of women but locally advanced forms are more frequent. Surgical treatment is based on the Halsted radical mastectomy and adjuvant treatment is similar to that of the woman. The prognosis is related to molecular characteristics, early diagnosis and treatment in a multidisciplinary collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Addressing the challenge of cancer control requires a comprehensive, integrated, and global health-system response. We aimed to estimate global radiotherapy demands and requirements for radiotherapy professionals from 2022 to 2050., Methods: We conducted a population-based study using data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2022 and predicted global radiotherapy demands and workforce requirements in 2050. We obtained incidence figures for 29 types of cancer across 183 countries and derived the cancer-specific radiotherapy use rate using the 2013 Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation model. We delineated the proportion of people with cancer who require radiotherapy and can be accommodated within the existing installed capacity, assuming an optimal use rate of 50% or 64%, in both 2022 and 2050. A use rate of 50% corresponds to the global average and a use rate of 64% considers potential re-treatment scenarios, as indicated by the 2013 Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CCORE) radiotherapy use rate model. We established specified requirements for teletherapy units at a ratio of 1:450 patients, for radiation oncologists at a ratio of 1:250 patients, for medical physicists at a ratio of 1:450 patients, and for radiation therapists at a ratio of 1:150 patients in all countries and consistently using these ratios. We collected current country-level data on the radiotherapy-professional workforce from national health reports, oncology societies, or other authorities from 32 countries., Findings: In 2022, there were an estimated 20·0 million new cancer diagnoses, with approximately 10·0 million new patients needing radiotherapy at an estimated use rate of 50% and 12·8 million at an estimated use rate of 64%. In 2050, GLOBOCAN 2022 data indicated 33·1 million new cancer diagnoses, with 16·5 million new patients needing radiotherapy at an estimated use rate of 50% and 21·2 million at an estimated use rate of 64%. These findings indicate an absolute increase of 8·4 million individuals requiring radiotherapy from 2022 to 2050 at an estimated use rate of 64%; at an estimated use rate of 50%, the absolute increase would be 6·5 million individuals. Asia was estimated to have the highest radiotherapy demand in 2050 (11 119 478 [52·6%] of 21 161 603 people with cancer), followed by Europe (3 564 316 [16·8%]), North America (2 546 826 [12·0%]), Latin America and the Caribbean (1 837 608 [8·7%]), Africa (1 799 348 [8·5%]), and Oceania (294 026 [1·4%]). We estimated that the global radiotherapy workforce in 2022 needed 51 111 radiation oncologists, 28 395 medical physicists, and 85 184 radiation therapists and 84 646 radiation oncologists, 47 026 medical physicists, and 141 077 radiation therapists in 2050. We estimated that the largest proportion of the radiotherapy workforce in 2050 would be in upper-middle-income countries (101 912 [38·8%] of 262 624 global radiotherapy professionals)., Interpretation: Urgent strategies are required to empower the global health-care workforce and facilitate the fundamental human right of access to suitable health care. A collective effort with innovative and cost-contained health-care strategies from all stakeholders is warranted to enhance global accessibility to radiotherapy and address challenges in cancer care., Funding: China Medical Board Global Health Leadership Development Program, Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Fund, China Ministry of Science and Technology Department of International Cooperation High Level Cooperation and Exchange Projects, and Fudan University Office of Global Partnerships Key Projects Development Fund., Translations: For the Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish translations of the summary see Supplementary Materials section., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Granulosa Cell Tumors (GCT) of the ovary are rare tumors belonging to the group of sex cord stromal tumors. They represent 0.6 - 3% of all ovarian tumors and 5% of all malignant tumors. Two different types of GCT can be distinguished: juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGT) which is characterized by its aggressive potential and adult granulosa cell tumor (AGT) which is the most common and the least aggressive type. GCT of the ovary usually develops recurrences within 5 years of initial diagnosis but they rarely develop local or peritoneal metastases. Although treatment options including surgery with or without chemotherapy or radiation have been reported in treating GCT relapses, there are no standardized protocols for the treatment of relapses. We here present our therapeutic strategy in the treatment of longterm relapses of GCT peritoneal carcinomatosis occurring in two patients 10 years after the initial diagnosis and a review of the literature., Competing Interests: Conflits d’intérêts Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d'intérêts.

The prostate is a very rare localization of signet ring cell carcinoma, with few cases reported in the literature. This histological type occurs rather in cancers of the digestive tract (stomach, colon). Authors report a case of a patient aged 63 years. Diagnostic and therapeutic features are discussed., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Giant cell tumors of bone (GCT) are usually benign and relatively rare. They have an aggressive behavior and an unpredictable prognosis. They occur mainly in the young adult, with a preferential localization in long bones. We report a giant cell infratemporal fossa tumor., Observation: A 55-year-old female patient consulted for swelling in the right cheek. Surgical excision was incomplete because of the subtemporal tumor localization. Histological assessment proved a GCT. Forty-five grays postoperative external radiotherapy was applied to the surgical site. The patient had local control at the 12-month follow-up., Discussion: GCTs are seldom observed in the facial skeleton (2%). The recommended treatment is surgery. Radiotherapy can be indicated in case of incomplete or impossible surgical excision, or when surgery would be responsible for a major functional deficit., (Copyright 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Neuroendocrine carcinoma with large cells is a slightly different tumor from the high rank of malignity. We report a case of breast localization in a 28-year-old patient. It is a locally advanced classified T4dN1M0 tumor that required neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The clinical answer was 75% of the level of the tumor. A standard surgery mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection was realized, followed by external radiotherapy. The anatomopathologic and the immuno-histochemical study of the operational part confirmed the diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma with large cells expressing the progesterone receptor. The patient is subjected to adjuvant hormonal treatment. After a 12 months retreat, a complete remission is maintained. Considering the scarcity of neuroendocrine carcinoma with large cells of the breast, the therapeutic standard is not yet available and the forecast remains difficult to determine.

Giant cell tumours (GCT) are relatively rare neoplasms, most often benign. They are characterized by their local aggression. We report two observations of GCT, the spine in a 51-year-old woman and a 14-year-old boy. They were revealed by spinal pain and cord compression for the second observation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed osteolysis of the body and vertebral arch of L5 for the first and a process affecting the vertebral body and medullary canal of T6-T7 with spinal cord compression for the second case. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination in two cases. An external radiation at a dose of 45 Gy on L4, L5 and the sacrum was made in the first case and the dose of 40 Gy on the vertebrae of T4 to T9 and an additional 6 Gy on T5-T8 in the second case. The patients are alive without progress with five years and 18 months follow-up, respectively. Radiation could be proposed as a standard treatment for patients with incomplete excision or where surgery would induces functional deficits.

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment results of patients (pts) with Figo stage IB2, IIA, IIB cervical carcinoma (CC) treated with preoperative radiochemotherapy, followed by extended radical hysterectomy., Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of 148 women treated at the Institut Curie for operable Figo Stage IB2 to IIB, biopsy proved CC. Among them, 70 pts, median age 46 years, were treated using the same regimen associating primary radiocisplatinum based chemotherapy, intracavitary LDR brachytherapy, followed by extended radical hysterectomy. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to draw survival curves. Comparisons of survival distribution were assessed by the log-rank test., Results: Complete histological local-regional response was obtained in 56% of the pts (n=39). Residual macroscopic or microscopic disease in the cervix was observed in 28 pts (40%). All but one had in situ microscopic residual CC. Lateral residual disease in the parametria was also present in nine pts, all with residual CC. Pelvic lymph nodes were free from microscopic disease in 56 pts (80%). Eight of 55 (11%) radiological N0 patients had microscopic nodal involvement, as compared to 6/15 (40%) radiological N1 (p=0.03). Seventeen pts (25%) had residual cervix disease but negative nodes. After median follow-up of 40 months (range, 8-141), 38/70 patients (54.1%) are still alive and free of disease, six (8.6%) alive with disease, and 11 (15.8%) patients were lost for follow-up but free of disease., Conclusion: The treatment of locally advanced CC needs a new multidisciplinary diagnostic and treatment approach using new therapeutic arms to improve the survival and treatment tolerance among women presenting this disease.

Objective: Description of a rare complication of radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinomas and the therapeutic value of surgical endoscopic desobstruction., Case Report: A choanal stenosis observed in an 8-year-old boy, 3 years after radiation therapy and chemotherapy for a voluminous nasopharyngeal carcinoma. No initial involvement of the nasal fossa was observed. Concomitant relapse was excluded after clinical and histological examination., Results: A good functional result was achieved after the choana was unblocked in videoendoscopic surgery. After 9 months of follow-up, the breathing and odor functions remained intact., Conclusion: Choanal stenosis is a rare complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Relapse should be excluded with biopsies beyond the stenosis. Treatment is based on endoscopic surgery.