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1. VLTI Unit Telescope coud\'e train vibration control upgrade for GRAVITY+

Author: Laugier, Romain, Woillez, Julien, Defrère, Denis, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Salman, Muhammad, Sedghi, Babak, Abuter, Roberto, Bigioli, Azzurra, Fabricius, Maximilian, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonté, Frédéric, Schuhler, Nicolas, Lutz, Dieter, Riquelme, Miguel, Bourget, Pierre, Neuville, Philippe, Lacour, Sylvestre, and Nowak, Mathias
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Scaling up interferometry to 8m collectors should smooth-out the optical piston perturbations and allow a slow fringe tracker to obtain high precision correction on faint targets. In practice, the GRAVITY fringe tracker still observes high frequency OPD components that limit the exposure time, its precision and limiting magnitude. Perturbations seem to come from mechanical vibrations in the train of mirrors. As part of the GRAVITY+ efforts, accelerometers were added to all the mirrors of the coud\'e train to compensate in real-time the optical path using the main delay lines. We show their effectiveness on vibrations peaks between 40 and 200Hz and outline prospects for the upgrade of the deformable mirrors and the beam-compressor differential delay lines., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, Proc. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2024 (Yokohama Japan), Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI
Published: 2024

2. Current status of the Extension of the FRIPON network in Chile

Author: Rojas, Felipe Gutiérrez, Bouquillon, Sébastien, Mendez, Rene A., Pulgar, Hernan, Pinto, Marcelo Tala, Vieira, Katherine, Picón, Millarca Valenzuela, Jordán, Andrés, Nitschelm, Christian H. R., Hadjara, Massinissa, Castellón, José Luis Nilo, Vuckovic, Maja, Cremades, Hebe, Yang, Bin, Malgoyre, Adrien, Francois, Colas, Vernazza, Pierre, Bourget, Pierre, Jehin, Emmanuel, and Klotz, Alain
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: FRIPON is an efficient ground-based network for the detection and characterization of fireballs, which was initiated in France in 2016 with over one hundred cameras and which has been very successfully extended to Europe and Canada with one hundred more stations. After seven successful years of operation in the northern hemisphere, it seems necessary to extend this network towards the southern hemisphere - where the lack of detection is evident - to obtain an exhaustive view of fireball activity. The task of extending the network to any region outside the northern hemisphere presents the challenge of a new installation process, where the recommended and tested version of the several sub-systems that compose a station had to be replaced due to regional availability and compatibility considerations, as well as due to constant software and hardware obsolescence and updates. In Chile, we have a unique geography, with a vast extension in latitude, as well as desert regions, which have generated the need to evaluate the scientific and technical performance of the network under special conditions, prioritizing the optimization of a set of factors related to the deployment process, as well as the feasible and achievable versions of the required components, the geographical location of the stations, and their respective operational, maintenance, safety, and communication conditions. In this talk, we will present the current status of this effort, including a brief report on the obstacles and difficulties encountered and how we have solved them, the current operational status of the network in Northern Chile, as well as the challenges and prospects for the densification of the network over South America., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, International Meteor Conference proceedings
Published: 2023

3. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2023
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4. Intensity Interferometry at Calern and beyond: progress report

Author: Matthews, Nolan, Rivet, Jean-Pierre, Hugbart, Mathilde, Labeyrie, Guillaume, Kaiser, Robin, Lai, Olivier, Vakili, Farrokh, Vernet, David, Chabé, Julien, Courde, Clémont, Schuhler, Nicolas, Bourget, Pierre, and Guerin, William
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the current status of the I2C stellar intensity interferometer used towards high angular resolution observations of stars in visible wavelengths. In these proceedings, we present recent technical improvements to the instrument, and share results from ongoing campaigns using arrays of small diameter optical telescopes. A tip-tilt adaptive optics unit was integrated into the optical system to stabilize light injection into an optical fiber. The setup was successfully tested with several facilities on the Calern Plateau site of the Observatoire de la C\^ote d'Azur. These include one of the 1 m diameter telescopes of the C2PU observatory, a portable 1 m diameter telescope, and also the 1.5 m M\'eO telescope. To better constrain on-sky measurements, the spectral transmission of instrument was characterized in the laboratory using a high resolution spectrograph. The system was also tested with two of the auxiliary telescopes of the VLTI resulting in successful temporal and spatial correlation measurements of three stars.
Published: 2022
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5. Multiple Star Systems in the Orion Nebula

Author: GRAVITY collaboration, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, António, Anugu, Narsireddy, Ávila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Bland, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti o, Chapron, Frédéric, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gandron, Éric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grözinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haußmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kandrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Köhler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mérand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramírez, Andrés, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schöller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium Cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observe a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori B, $\theta ^2$ Ori B, and $\theta ^2$ Ori C. We determine a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori A, $\theta ^1$ Ori C, $\theta ^1$ Ori D, and $\theta ^2$ Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refine the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary $\theta ^1$ Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for $\theta ^1$ Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 $M_{\odot}$ and a period of $53$ days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about 2, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints towards a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We exclude collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018
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6. Low Wind Effect on VLT/SPHERE : impact, mitigation strategy, and results

Author: Milli, Julien, Kasper, Markus, Bourget, Pierre, Pannetier, Cyril, Mouillet, David, Sauvage, Jean-Francois, Reyes, Claudia, Fusco, Thierry, Cantalloube, Faustine, Tristram, Konrad, Wahhaj, Zahed, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Girard, Julien, Mawet, Dimitri, Telle, Alexander, Vigan, Arthur, and N'Diaye, Mamadou
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The low wind effect is a phenomenon disturbing the phase of the wavefront in the pupil of a large telescope obstructed by spiders, in the absence of wind. It can be explained by the radiative cooling of the spiders, creating air temperature inhomogeneities across the pupil. Because it is unseen by traditional adaptive optics (AO) systems, thus uncorrected, it significantly degrades the quality of AO-corrected images. We provide a statistical analysis of the strength of this effect as seen by VLT/SPHERE after 4 years of operations. We analyse its dependence upon the wind and temperature conditions. We describe the mitigation strategy implemented in 2017: a specific coating with low thermal emissivity in the mid-infrared was applied on the spiders of Unit Telescope 3. We quantify the improvement in terms of image quality, contrast and wave front error using both focal plane images and measured phase maps., Comment: 20 pages, 21 figures, SPIE 2018 conference proceeding
Published: 2018
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7. Status of the ELT phasing and diagnostic station project

Author: Egner, Sébastien E., Roberts, Scott, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, Pfrommer, Thomas, Lewis, Steffan, Abad, Jose Antonio, Araujo Hauck, Constanza, Bedigan, Helen, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brinkmann, Martin, Calmette, Elsa, Cortes, Angela, Engler, Byron, Frank, Christoph, Gago, Fernando, Grudzien, Thomas, Guidolin, Ivan Maria, Haimerl, Andreas, Hammersley, Peter, Haug, Marcus, Hinterschuster, Renate, Huber, Stefan, Jolley, Paul, Kellerer, Aglae, Kiekebusch, Mario, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolmeder, Johannes, Kosmalski, Johan, Lampater, Ulrich, La Penna, Paolo, Leveratto, Serban, Lucuix, Christian, Lopez Gil, Ignacio, Mandla, Christopher, Marchetti, Enrico, Moins, Christophe, Paufique, Jerome, Pfuhl, Oliver, Popovic, Dan, Sedghi, Babak, Tordo, Sebastien, Verinaud, Christophe, and Zuluaga, Pablo
Published: 2024
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8. VLTI status update: a decade of operations and beyond

Author: Merand, Antoine, Abuter, Roberto, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, Andolfato, Luigi, Alonso, Jaime, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blanchard, Guillaume, Boffin, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Bristow, Paul, Cid, Claudia, de Wit, Willem-Jan, del Valle, Diego, Delplancke-Stroebele, Franccoise, Derie, Frederic, Faundez, Lorena, Ertel, Steve, Grellmann, Rebekka, Gitton, Philippe, Glindemann, Andreas, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Guisard, Stephane, Guniat, Serge, Haguenauer, Pierre, Herrera, Christian, Hummel, Christian, La Fuente, Carlos, Lopez, Marcelo, Mardones, Pedro, Morel, Sebastien, Mueller, Andre, Percheron, Isabelle, Duc, Than Phan, Pino, Andres, Poupar, Sebastien, Pozna, Eszter, Ramirez, Andres, Rengaswamy, Sridharan, Rivas, Lionel, Rivinius, Thomas, Segovia, Alex, Schmid, Christian, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Woillez, Julien, and Wittkowski, Markus
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the latest update of the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope interferometer (VLTI). The operations of VLTI have greatly improved in the past years: reduction of the execution time; better offering of telescopes configurations; improvements on AMBER limiting magnitudes; study of polarization effects and control for single mode fibres; fringe tracking real time data, etc. We present some of these improvements and also quantify the operational improvements using a performance metric. We take the opportunity of the first decade of operations to reflect on the VLTI community which is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Finally, we present briefly the preparatory work for the arrival of the second generation instruments GRAVITY and MATISSE., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings of the SPIE, 9146-19
Published: 2014
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9. Low Wind Effect, the main limitation of the SPHERE instrument

Author: Sauvage, Jean-François, Fusco, Thierry, Guesalaga, Andres, Wizinowitch, Peter, O'Neal, Jared, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Vigan, Arthur, Grard, Julien, Lesur, Geoffroy, Mouillet, David, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Kasper, Markus, Le Louarn, Miska, Milli, Julien, Dohlen, Kjetil, Neichel, Benoit, Bourget, Pierre, Heigenauer, Pierre, and Mawet, Dimitri
Subjects: extreme adaptive optics, high contrast imaging, dome seeing
Abstract: The SPHERE instrument (Beuzit, et al., 2010) is dedicated to the direct imaging of extra-solar planets. This kind of observation allows one to study the photons emitted by the planet’s atmosphere itself, or reflected by its surface. The search for bio-markers is therefore made possible. The SPHERE instrument has been installed and commissioned at VLT Paranal Observatory during 2014 and now routinely delivers high contrast images to the exoplanet community. This paper presents a study of the main actual limitation of the SPHERE instrument, as known as the Low Wind Effect [LWE]. This effect has been discovered on SPHERE during commissioning period. Its effect is a strong degradation of the instrument PSF, preventing instrument to perform high contrast imaging. It happens during particularly low wind conditions (below 1m/s at the telescope level) which happens one night out of five.
Published: 2015

10. GRAVITY+ Wide: towards hundreds of z ∼ 2 AGN, larger throughput and improved vibrational control

Author: Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Fabricius, Maximilian, Woillez, Julien, Abuter, Roberto, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brara, Amit, Defrère, Denis, Drescher, Antonia, Eisenhauer, Frank, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Frahm, Robert, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonté, Frédéric, Gopinath, Vishaal, Graf, Jonas, Hartl, Michael, Haußmann, Frank, Hönig, Sebastian F., Horrobin, Matthew, Garcia, Paulo J. V., Jilg, Tilo, Kreidberg, Laura, Laugier, Romain, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Bolzer, Mari Lena, Lutzke, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Ott, Thomas, Özdemir, Hakan, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Rau, Christian, Rehm, Christian, Sauter, Jonas, Schuhler, Nicolas, Schuppe, Daniel, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shimizu, Taro, Straubmeier, Christian, Subroweit, Matthias, Uysal, Sinem, Wessely, Patrick, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wimmer, Lukas, Yazici, Senol, Prowatke, Hagen, and Böttcher, Ralf
Published: 2024
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11. Opto-mechanical design of GRAVITY+ wavefront sensor

Author: Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, More, Nikhil, Genzel, Reinhard, Eisenhauer, Frank, Lutz, Dieter, Gillessen, Stefan, Schubert, Josef, Hartl, Michael, Haussmann, Frank, Rehm, Christian, Weisz, Harald, Yazici, Şenol, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Rau, Christian, Uysal, Sinem, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Ott, Thomas, Fabricius, Maximilian, Widmann, Felix, Drescher, Antonia, Shangguan, Jingyi, Shimizu, Taro, Gonté, Frederic, Woillez, Julien, Schuhler, Nicolas, Bourget, Pierre, Oberti, Sylvain, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Paumard, Thibaut, Millour, Florentine, Straubmeier, Christian, Kreidberg, Laura, Garcia, Paulo, Gomes, Tiago, Hoenig, Sebastian, and Defrére, Denis
Published: 2024
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12. VLTI Unit Telescope coudé train vibration control upgrade for GRAVITY+

Author: Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Laugier, Romain, Woillez, Julien, Defrère, Denis, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Salman, Muhammad, Sedghi, Babak, Abuter, Roberto, Bigioli, Azzurra, Fabricius, Maximilian, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonté, Frédéric, Schuhler, Nicolas, Lutz, Dieter, Riquelme, Miguel, Bourget, Pierre, Neuville, Philippe, Lacour, Sylvestre, and Nowak, Mathias
Published: 2024
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13. MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared spectro-interferometric imager: achievements and perspectives

Author: Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Petrov, Romain G., Lagarde, Stéphane, Lopez, Bruno, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Leftley, James, Paladini, Claudia, Houllé, Mathis, Weigelt, Gerd, van Boekel, Roy, Jaffe, Walter, Woillez, Julien, Berio, Philippe, Bettonvil, Felix, Bourget, Pierre, Eldswijk, Eddy, Matter, Alexis, Meilland, Anthony, Millour, Florentin, Pallanca, Laurent, Rivinius, Thomas, and Zins, Gérard
Published: 2024
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14. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, Zins, Gérard, Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2023
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15. VLTI status update

Author: Haubois, Xavier, primary, Mérand, Antoine, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Araneda, Juan Pablo, additional, Bian, Fuyan, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Burgos, Pablo, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Gil, Juan Pablo, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Gonté, Frédéric, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Hummel, Christian, additional, Korhonen, Heidi H., additional, Labdon, Aaron, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kosmalski, Johan, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Sani, Eleonora, additional, Schmidtobreick, Linda, additional, Scicluna, Peter, additional, Schoeller, Markus, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Tristram, Konrad R. W., additional, Wittkowski, Markus, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2022
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16. GRAVITY+ Wide: towards hundreds of z ~ 2 AGN

Author: Drescher, Antonia, primary, Fabricius, Maximilian, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Gonté, Frederic, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Kreidberg, Laura, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Garcia, Paulo J. V., additional, Hoenig, Sebastian, additional, Defrère, Denis, additional, Bourdarot, Guillaume, additional, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, More, Nikhil, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Sauter, Jonas, additional, Uysal, Sinem, additional, Wessely, Patrick, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Wimmer, Lukas, additional, and Yazici, Senol, additional
Published: 2022
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17. Intensity interferometry at Calern and beyond: progress report

Author: Matthews, Nolan K., primary, Rivet, Jean-Pierre, additional, Hugbart, Mathilde, additional, Labeyrie, Guillaume, additional, Kaiser, Robin, additional, Lai, Olivier, additional, Vakili, Farrokh, additional, Vernet, David, additional, Chabé, Julien, additional, Courde, Clémont, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, and Guerin, William, additional
Published: 2022
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18. STELLIM: a Stellar Imager at VLTI

Author: Haubois, Xavier, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Cvetojevic, Nick, additional
Published: 2022
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19. GRAVITY plus Wide: Towards hundreds of z similar to 2 AGN

Author: Drescher, Antonia, Fabricius, Maximilian, Shimizu, Taro, Woillez, Julien, Bourget, Pierre, Widmann, Felix, Shangguan, Jingyi, Straubmeier, Christian, Horrobin, Matthew, Schuhler, Nicolas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonte, Frederic, Gillessen, Stefan, Ott, Thomas, Perrin, Guy, Paumard, Thibaut, Brandner, Wolfgang, Kreidberg, Laura, Perraut, Karine, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Garcia, Paulo, Honig, Sebastian, Defrere, Denis, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Genzel, Reinhard, Hartl, Michael, Haussmann, Frank, Lutz, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Rau, Christian, Sauter, Jonas, Uysal, Sinem, Wessely, Patrick, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wimmer, Lukas, Yazici, Senol, Merand, A, Sallum, S, and Sanchez-Bermudez, J
Subjects: Technology, Science & Technology, GRAVITY, Physical Sciences, Optics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, interferometry, Instruments & Instrumentation, near-infrared, wide-angle fringe tracking, VLTI
Abstract: ispartof: OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY AND IMAGING VIII vol:12183 ispartof: Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VIII Part of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation Conference location:CANADA, Montreal date:17 Jul - 22 Jul 2022 status: published
Published: 2022

20. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2022
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21. LA RIVALITÉ PÉTAIN-LYAUTEY DE 1925 AU MAROC: UN NOUVEL ÉCLAIRAGE

Author: Bourget, Pierre
Published: 1996

22. First four telescopes large-separation off-axis fringe-tracking interferometry with GRAVITY at the VLTI

Author: Gao, Feng, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Chazelas, Bruno, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Gonté, Frédéric Yves J., additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Garcia, Paulo J. V., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Amorim, António, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straub, Odèle, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, and Bolzer, Mari-lena, additional
Published: 2020
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23. VLTI status update: tapping into a powerful second-generation instrumentation

Author: Haubois, Xavier, primary, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, additional, Alonso, Jaime, additional, Beltran, Juan, additional, Berger, Jean-Philippe, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Caniguante, Luis, additional, Chazelas, Bruno, additional, Cid, Claudia, additional, Conzelmann, Ralf D., additional, Cortes, Angela, additional, Darré, Pascaline, additional, Delboulbe, Alain, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Del Valle, Diego, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Donoso, Reinaldo, additional, Dupuy, Christophe, additional, Egner, Sébastien E., additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Faundez, Lorena, additional, Fuenteseca, Eloy, additional, Frahm, Robert, additional, Gaytan, Daniel, additional, Gil, Juan Pablo, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Gonté, Frédéric Yves J., additional, Gonzales, Jaime, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Guerlet, Thibaut, additional, Guieu, Sylvain, additional, Gutierrez, Pablo, additional, Haguenauer, Pierre, additional, Vanderheyden, Pierre, additional, Huber, Stefan, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Hummel, Christian A., additional, Jochum, Lieselotte, additional, Jocou, Laurent, additional, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kosmalski, Johan, additional, Krempl, Peter, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Leclercq, Julien, additional, Lizon, Jean-Louis, additional, Lopez, Bruno, additional, Magnard, Yves, additional, Meilland, Anthony, additional, Meister, Alexander, additional, Mérand, Antoine, additional, Mieske, Steffen, additional, Moulin, Thibaut, additional, Osorio, Juan, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pavez, Marcus, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Pelluet, Célia, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, additional, Pino Pavez, Andres, additional, Poupar, Sebastien, additional, Ramírez, Andres F., additional, Reyes-Moreno, Javier, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Rochat, Sylvain, additional, Salgado, Fernando, additional, Schoeller, Markus, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Shchekaturov, Pavel, additional, Stephan, Christian, additional, Suárez Valles, Marcos, additional, Smette, Alain, additional, Tamblay, Richard, additional, Tapia, Mario, additional, Tristram, Konrad R. W., additional, Valdes, Guillermo, additional, Verinaud, Christophe, additional, Wittkowski, Markus, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2020
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24. STELLIM: a Stellar Imager at VLTI

Author: Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Haubois, Xavier, Schuhler, Nicolas, Bourget, Pierre, Woillez, Julien, and Cvetojevic, Nick
Published: 2022
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25. GRAVITY+ Wide: towards hundreds of z ~ 2 AGN

Author: Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Drescher, Antonia, Fabricius, Maximilian, Shimizu, Taro, Woillez, Julien, Bourget, Pierre, Widmann, Felix, Shangguan, Jinyi, Straubmeier, Christian, Horrobin, Matthew, Schuhler, Nicolas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Gonté, Frederic, Gillessen, Stefan, Ott, Thomas, Perrin, Guy, Paumard, Thibaut, Brandner, Wolfgang, Kreidberg, Laura, Perraut, Karine, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Garcia, Paulo, Hönig, Sebastian, Defrère, Denis, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Genzel, Reinhard, Hartl, Michael, Haussmann, Frank, Lutz, Dieter, More, Nikhil, Rau, Christian, Sauter, Jonas, Uysal, Sinem, Wessely, Patrick, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wimmer, Lukas, and Yazici, Senol
Published: 2022
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26. Intensity interferometry at Calern and beyond: progress report

Author: Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Matthews, Nolan, Rivet, Jean-Pierre, Hugbart, Mathilde, Labeyrie, Guillaume, Kaiser, Robin, Lai, Olivier, Vakili, Farrokh, Vernet, David, Chabé, Julien, Courde, Clémont, Schuhler, Nicolas, Bourget, Pierre, and Guerin, William
Published: 2022
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27. Bringing the New Adaptive Optics Module for Interferometry (NAOMI) into Operation

Author: Gonté, Frédéric, Abad, Jose Antonio, Abuter, Roberto, Aller Carpentier, Emmanuel, Alonso, Jaime, Andofalto, Luigi, Barriga, Pablo, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Blanchard, Israel, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Bristow, Paul, Caniguante, Luis, Cerda, Susana, Cid, Claudia, Correa, Alex, Cottalorda, Eric, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Darré, Pascaline, Delabre, Bernard, Delboulbé, Alain, Dembet, Roderick, Donaldson, Ronald, Dorn, Reinhold, Dupeyron, Jorge, Dupuy, Christophe, Egner, Sebastian, Eisenhauer, Frank, Faundez, Lorena, Fedrigo, Enrico, Fischer, Gerhard, Frank, Christoph, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Gitton, Philippe, Guerlet, Thibaut, Guieu, Sylvain, Gutierrez, Pablo, Haguenauer, Pierre, Haimerl, Andreas, Haubois, Xavier, Heritier, Cédric, Huber, Stefan, Hubin, Norbert, Jolley, Paul, Jocou, Laurent, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johann, Kosmalski, Johan, Krempl, Peter, La Fuente, Carlos, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Le Louarn, Miska, Lilley, Paul, Lopez, Bruno, Lopez, Marcelo, Magnard, Yves, Marchetti, Enrico, Mclay, Stewart, Meilland, Anthony, Meister, Alexander, Mérand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jérôme, Percheron, Isabelle, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, Pfuhl, Oliver, Phan, Duc, Pino, Andres, Pirani, Werther, Quentin, Jutta, Rakich, Andrew, Ramirez, Andrés, Ridings, Robert, Riedel, Mario, Reyes, Javier, Rochat, Sylvain, Sanchez, Juan, Santos Tomás, Gonsalo, Schmid, Christian, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Schuhler, Nicolas, Seidel, Matthias, Soenke, Christian, Stadler, Eric, Stephan, Christian, Suárez, Marcos, Todorović, Mirko, Valdes, Guillermo, Verinaud, Cristophe, Woillez, Julien, Zins, Gérard, and Zúñiga-Fernández, Sebastian
Abstract: NAOMI was developed by a consortium composed of IPAG and ESO. Its Provisional Acceptance Chile review was held in April 2019. The NAOMI systems that have been installed on the Auxiliary Telescopes make the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and its instruments much less dependent on the atmospheric and dome seeing conditions. NAOMI increases the interferometer’s operability and improves the performance of its instruments and, very early on, was identified as being critical to the VLTI. In this article, we review the project, describe its principles and architecture, and offer a preview of the improvements it brings to VLTI instruments., Published in The Messenger vol. 177, pp. 19-23, September 2019.
Published: 2019
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28. Imagerie spectro-interférométrique du noyau de η Car avec l'instrument GRAVITY : images de la zone de collision de vent dans les raies Br γ et He I avec une résolution de la milli-seconde d'arc

Author: Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Weigelt, Gerd, Bestenlehner, Joachim M., Kervella, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Henning, Thomas, Müller, André, Perrin, Guy, Pott, Jorg-Uwe, Schöller, Markus, Van Boekel, Roy, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caratti O Garatti, Alessio, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Élodie, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coude Du Foresto, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Garcia, Paulo J. V., Garcia-Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Huber, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johann, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Mérand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Muller, Ewald, Muller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose Ricardo, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), CENTRA Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), University of Exeter, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Leiden University, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), European Space Agency (Baltimore) Space Telescope Science Institute (ESA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Universidade do Porto, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: INSTRUMENTATION: HAUTE RESOLUTION ANGULAIRE, IMAGERIE STELLAIRE, BINARY STAR, MASS LOSS, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION, INSTRUMENTATION: INTERFEROMETRES, ETOILE: PERTE DE MASSE, STAR IMAGING, INTERFEROMETER, ETOILES BINAIRES, MASSIVE STAR, ETOILES MASSIVES
Abstract: International audience; Context. η Car is one of the most intriguing luminous blue variables in the Galaxy. Observations and models of the X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and infrared emission suggest a central binary in a highly eccentric orbit with a 5.54 yr period residing in its core. 2D and 3D radiative transfer and hydrodynamic simulations predict a primary with a dense and slow stellar wind that interacts with the faster and lower density wind of the secondary. The wind-wind collision scenario suggests that the secondary’s wind penetrates the primary’s wind creating a low-density cavity in it, with dense walls where the two winds interact. However, the morphology of the cavity and its physical properties are not yet fully constrained.Aims. We aim to trace the inner ∼5–50 au structure of η Car’s wind-wind interaction, as seen through Brγ and, for the first time, through the He I 2s-2p line.Methods. We have used spectro-interferometric observations with the K-band beam-combiner GRAVITY at the VLTI. The analyses of the data include (i) parametrical model-fitting to the interferometric observables, (ii) a CMFGEN model of the source’s spectrum, and (iii) interferometric image reconstruction.Results. Our geometrical modeling of the continuum data allows us to estimate its FWHM angular size close to 2 mas and an elongation ratio ϵ = 1.06 ± 0.05 over a PA = 130° ± 20°. Our CMFGEN modeling of the spectrum helped us to confirm that the role of the secondary should be taken into account to properly reproduce the observed Brγ and He I lines. Chromatic images across the Brγ line reveal a southeast arc-like feature, possibly associated to the hot post-shocked winds flowing along the cavity wall. The images of the He I 2s-2p line served to constrain the 20 mas (∼50 au) structure of the line-emitting region. The observed morphology of He I suggests that the secondary is responsible for the ionized material that produces the line profile. Both the Brγ and the He I 2s-2p maps are consistent with previous hydrodynamical models of the colliding wind scenario. Future dedicated simulations together with an extensive interferometric campaign are necessary to refine our constraints on the wind and stellar parameters of the binary, which finally will help us predict the evolutionary path of η Car.; Contexte : η Car est une des étoiles brillantes bleues variables les plus intrigante de notre galaxie. Les observations et les modèles des émissions X, UV et optique et IR suggèrent qu'une étoile binaire avec une orbite fortement excentrique de période 5,54 ans réside au centre de son coeur. Les simulations hydrodynamiques et de transfert radiatif 2D et 3D prédisent la présence d'une étoile primaire avec vent stellaire dense et lent, qui interagit avec le vent de densité moindre et plus rapide de l'étoile secondaire. Ce scénario de collision vent-vent suggère que le vent de l'étoile secondaire pénètre dans le vent de l'étoile primaire, créant dans ce dernier une cavité de faible densité, avec des murs denses où les deux vents interagissent. Cependant, la morphologie de cette cavité et ses propriétés physiques ne sont pas encore pleinement contraints.Objectifs. Nous visons à déterminer la structure interne de l’interaction vent-vent de Car dans une zone allant de 5 à 50 Unités Astronomiques, telle que vue à travers Br γ et, pour la première fois, à travers la transition 2s-2p de He I.Méthodes : Nous avons utilisé des observations spectro-interférométriques du combineur de faisceaux en bande K de GRAVITY au VLTI. Les analyses des données comprennent: (i) un ajustement de modèle paramétrique aux observables interférométriques, (ii) un modèle CMFGEN du spectre de la source, et (iii) des reconstructions d'image interférométriques.Résultats : Notre modélisation géométrique des données du continuum nous permet d'estimer sa taille angulaire FWHM proche de 2 mas et son coefficient d'allongement de 1,06 ± 0,05 sur un PA = 130° ± 20°. Notre modélisation CMFGEN du spectre nous a permis de confirmer que le rôle de l'étoile secondaire devrait être pris en compte pour reproduire correctement les émissions Br γ et He I observées. Les images spectrales dans la bande Br γ révèle une caractéristique semblable à un arc au sud-est, peut-être associé aux vents chauds post-choc circulant le long du mur de la cavité. Les images dans la bande He I 2s-2p ont servi à contraindre la structure de la région d'émission de la transition, avec une résolution de 20 millisecondes d'arc (50 UA). La morphologie observée de He I suggère que l'étoile secondaire est responsable de l'ionisationproduisant le profil de raie. Les deux images (en Br γ et He I 2s-2p) sont compatibles avec les modèles hydrodynamiques précédents du scénario de vent en collision. De futures simulations dédiées ainsi qu’une vaste campagne interférométrique sont nécessaires pour affiner nos contraintes sur le vent et les paramètres stellaires de la binaire, ce qui nous aidera enfin à prédire le chemin évolutif de η Car.
Published: 2018

29. Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula

Author: Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gerard
Abstract: This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observed a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for theta(1) Ori B, theta(2) Ori B, and theta(2) Ori C. We determined a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for theta(1) Ori A, theta(1) Ori C, theta(1) Ori D, and theta(2) Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refined the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary theta(1) Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for theta(1) Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 M-circle dot and a period of 53 days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about two, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints toward a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We excluded collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion.
Published: 2018

30. First Light for GRAVITY: A New Era for Optical Interferometry

Author: Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), ONERA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Universität zu Köln, University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), and Universidade do Porto
Subjects: COPHASAGE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, LONG-BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY, IMAGERIE INTERFEROMETRIQUE, 01 natural sciences, INTERFEROMETRIC IMAGING, VLTI, PHASE TRACKING, ASTROMETRY, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, ASTROMETRIE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: With the arrival of the second generation instrument GRAVITY, the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) has entered a new era of optical interferometry. This instrument pushes the limits of accuracy and sensitivity by orders of magnitude. GRAVITY has achieved phase-referenced imaging at approximately milliarcsecond (mas) resolution and down to ~ 100-microarcsecond astrometry on objects that are several hundred times fainter than previously observable. The cutting-edge design presented in Eisenhauer et al. (2011) has become reality. This article sketches out the basic principles of the instrument design and illustrates its performance with key science results obtained during commissioning: phase-tracking on stars with K ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than K ≳ 17 mag, minute-long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of a few microarcseconds (μas)., Published in The Messenger vol. 170, pp. 10-15, December 2017.
Published: 2017

31. First light for GRAVITY: Phase referencing optical interferometry for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Author: Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Azouaoui, N., Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Burtscher, L., Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Janssen, A., Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kok, Y., Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Fredrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Weber, J., Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), and GRAVITY Collaboration
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS, CENTER, Galaxy: center, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, stars: pre-main sequence, ÉTOILE DOUBLE, QUASAR, instrumentation: adaptive optics, OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], GALAXY, quasars: emission lines, EMISSION LINE, INSTRUMENTATION OPTIQUE, INSTRUMENTATION, binaries: symbiotic, INTERFEROMETERS, instrumentation: interferometers, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], CENTRE GALACTIQUE, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; GRAVITY is a new instrument to coherently combine the light of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer to form a telescope with an equivalent 130 m diameter angular resolution and a collecting area of 200 m2. The instrument comprises fiber fed integrated optics beam combination, high resolution spectroscopy, built-in beam analysis and control, near-infrared wavefront sensing, phase-tracking, dual-beam operation, and laser metrology. GRAVITY opens up to optical/infrared interferometry the techniques of phase referenced imaging and narrow angle astrometry, in many aspects following the concepts of radio interferometry. This article gives an overview of GRAVITY and reports on the performance and the first astronomical observations during commissioning in 2015/16. We demonstrate phase-tracking on stars as faint as mK ≈ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than mK ≈ 15 mag with a limiting magnitude of mK ≈ 17 mag, minute long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25%, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5°, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of better than ten microarcseconds (μas). The dual-beam astrometry, measuring the phase difference of two objects with laser metrology, is still under commissioning. First observations show residuals as low as 50 μas when following objects over several months. We illustrate the instrument performance with the observations of archetypical objects for the different instrument modes. Examples include the Galactic center supermassive black hole and its fast orbiting star S2 for phase referenced dual-beam observations and infrared wavefront sensing, the high mass X-ray binary BP Cru and the active galactic nucleus of PDS 456 for a few μas spectro-differential astrometry, the T Tauri star S CrA for a spectro-differential visibility analysis, ξ Tel and 24 Cap for high accuracy visibility observations, and η Car for interferometric imaging with GRAVITY.; GRAVITY est un nouvel instrument permettant la recombinaison interférométrique des télescopes du VLT (Very Large Telescope) de l'ESO (European Southern Observatory) pour former un télescope avec une limite de résolution équivalente à un diamètre 130 m et une surface collectrice de 200 m². L'instrument inclut un dispositif en optique intégré alimenté par fibre pour recombinaison des faisceaux, un spectromètre à haute résolution, des dispositifs intégrés d'analyse et de contrôle, un analyse de surface d'onde en infrarouge (IR) proche, un suiveur de frange, un mode double champ et une métrologie laser. GRAVITY fait office de précurseur en introduisant en interférométrie optique/IR les techniques de référence de phase et d'astrométrie à faible champ, inspirées des concepts développés en radio-interférométrie. Cet article donne un aperçu de GRAVITY et rend compte des performances et des premières observations astronomiques lors de la mise en service en 2015/16. Nous démontrons le suivi de phase sur des étoiles aussi faible que mK ≈ 10 mag, l'interférométrie par référence de phase sur des objets plus faibles que mK ≈ 15 mag avec une magnitude limite de mK ≈ 17 mag, des intégrations cohérentes pendant une minute, une précision de mesure de visibilité meilleure que 0,25%, et une précision sur la mesure des phases différentielles spectrales ou des clôtures de phase meilleure que 0,5 °, correspondant à une précision astrométrique différentielle meilleure que dix microsecondes d'arc (μas). L'astrométrie à double champ, mesurant la différence de phase entre deux objets avec métrologie laser, est encore en cours de test. Les premières observations montrent des résidus aussi bas que 50 μas en suivant des objets sur plusieurs mois. Nous illustrons la performance de l'instrument avec les observations d'objets archétypiques pour les différents modes d'instrument. Les exemples comprennent le trou noir supermassif du centre galactique et son étoile S2 en orbite rapide pour les observations à double champ avec référence de phase et analyse de front d'onde IR, l'étoile binaire massive BP Cru à émission X et le noyau galactique actif de PDS 456 pour quelques cas de spectro-astrométrie différentielle avec quelques μas de précision, l'étoile S CrA (de type T Tauri) pour une analyse spectro-différentielle de visibilité, les étoiles ξ Tel et 24 Cap pour des observations de visibilité de haute précision, et η Car pour une imagerie interférométrique avec GRAVITY.
Published: 2017

32. Raman-scattered laser guide-star photons to monitor the scatter of astronomical telescope mirrors

Author: Vogt, Frédéric P. A., primary, Luis Álvarez, José, additional, Bonaccini Calia, Domenico, additional, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Aranda, Ivan, additional, Bellhouse, Callum, additional, Blanchard, Israel, additional, Cerda, Susana, additional, Cid, Claudia, additional, Comin, Mauro, additional, Espinoza Contreras, Marcela, additional, Hau, George, additional, Hibon, Pascale, additional, Holzlöhner, Ronald, additional, Jaffé, Yara L., additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kuntschner, Harald, additional, Madec, Pierre-Yves, additional, Mieske, Steffen, additional, Milli, Julien, additional, Opitom, Cyrielle, additional, Parraguez, Diego, additional, Romero, Cristian, additional, Selman, Fernando, additional, Schmidtobreick, Linda, additional, Smoker, Jonathan, additional, Vera Urrutia, Sergio, additional, and Zins, Gerard, additional
Published: 2018
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33. Low wind effect on VLT/SPHERE: impact, mitigation strategy, and results

Author: Milli, Julien, primary, Mouillet, David, primary, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, primary, Sauvage, Jean-François, primary, Fusco, Thierry, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Kasper, Markus, primary, Tristam, Konrad, primary, Reyes, Claudia, primary, Girard, Julien H., primary, Telle, Alexander, primary, Pannetier, Cyril, primary, Cantalloube, Faustine, primary, Wahhaj, Zahed, primary, Mawet, Dimitri, primary, Vigan, Arthur, primary, and N'Diaye, Mamadou, primary
Published: 2018
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34. VLTI status update: three years into the second generation

Author: Abad, José Antonio, primary, Abuter, Roberto, primary, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, primary, Alonso, Jaime, primary, Andolfato, Luigi, primary, Barriga, Pablo José, primary, Beltran, Juan, primary, Berger, Jean-Philippe, primary, Fuentaseca, Eloy, primary, Woillez, Julien, primary, Gonté, Frédéric, primary, Egner, Sébastien, primary, Mérand, Antoine, primary, Haubois, Xavier, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, primary, Darré, Pascaline, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Brast, Roland, primary, Bristow, Paul, primary, Caniguante, Luis, primary, Conzelmann, Ralf, primary, Cortes, Angela, primary, Delboulbé, Alain, primary, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, primary, Del Valle, Diego, primary, Dembet, Roderick, primary, Derie, Frédéric, primary, Donoso, Reinaldo, primary, Duhoux, Philippe, primary, Dupuy, Christophe, primary, Föster, Andreas, primary, Frahm, Robert, primary, Gaytan, Daniel, primary, Glindemann, Andreas, primary, Gonzales, Jaime, primary, Guerlet, Thibaut, primary, Guieu, Sylvain, primary, Guisard, Stéphane, primary, Gutierrez, Pablo, primary, Haguenauer, Pierre, primary, Haimerl, Andreas, primary, van der Heyden, Pierre, primary, Huber, Stefan, primary, Hubin, Norbert, primary, Jochum, Lieselotte, primary, Jocou, Laurent, primary, Jolley, Paul, primary, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, primary, Kolb, Johann, primary, Kosmalski, Johan, primary, Krempl, Peter, primary, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, primary, Lévêque, Samuel, primary, Lilley, Paul, primary, Lizon, Jean-Louis, primary, Magnard, Yves, primary, Mardones, Pedro, primary, Meister, Alexandre, primary, Moulin, Thibaut, primary, Osorio, Juan, primary, Ott, Jürgen, primary, Pallanca, Laurent, primary, Paufique, Jérôme, primary, Pavez, Marcus, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Percheron, Isabelle, primary, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, primary, Duc, Thanh Phan, primary, Pirard, Jean-François, primary, Pino, Andres, primary, Poupar, Sébastien, primary, Quentin, Juta, primary, Ramírez, Andrés, primary, Reyes, Javier, primary, Ridings, Robert, primary, Rochat, Sylvain, primary, Rivinius, Thomas, primary, Salgado, Fernando, primary, Schöller, Markus, primary, Shchekaturov, Pavel, primary, Stephan, Christian, primary, Suarez, Marcos, primary, Tamblay, Richard, primary, Tapia, mario, primary, Tristram, Konrad, primary, Valdes, Guillermo, primary, Verinaud, Christophe, primary, de Wit, Willem-Jan, primary, and Zins, Gérard, primary
Published: 2018
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35. MATISSE: Performance in laboratory, results of AIV in Paranal, and first results on sky

Author: Lagarde, Stéphane, primary, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, primary, Allouche, Fatmé, primary, Berio, Philippe, primary, Lopez, Bruno, primary, Petrov, Romain, primary, Millour, Florentin, primary, Matter, Alexis, primary, Cruzalèbes, Pierre, primary, Antonelli, Pierre, primary, Bailet, Christophe, primary, Bresson, Yves, primary, Clausse, Jean-Michel, primary, Fantei-Caujolle, Yan, primary, Marcotto, Aurélie, primary, Meilland, Anthony, primary, Morel, Sebastien, primary, Rousseau, Sylvain, primary, Soulain, Anthony, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Laun, Werner, primary, Adler, Tobias, primary, Klein, Ralf, primary, Maurer, Tobias, primary, Eldswick, Eddy, primary, Heininger, Matthias, primary, Bristow, Paul, primary, Glindemann, Andreas, primary, Hubin, Norbert, primary, Jochum, Liselotte, primary, Rivinus, Thomas, primary, Schoeller, Markus, primary, Beltran, Juan, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Gallenne, Alexandre, primary, Guerlet, Thibaut, primary, Haubois, Xavier, primary, Ives, Derek, primary, Jakob, Gerd, primary, Meister, Alexander, primary, Riquelme, Miguel, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, primary, Stephan, Christian, primary, Toledo, Pedro, primary, Tristam, Konrad, primary, Woillez, Julien, primary, Neumann, Udo, primary, Chelli, Alain, primary, Guitton, Florence, primary, Meisenheimer, Klaus, primary, Pichon, Bernard, primary, Spang, Alain, primary, Varga, Jozsef, primary, Henning, Thomas, primary, Jaffe, Walter, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Stee, Philippe, primary, Weigelt, Gerd, primary, Bettonvil, Felix, primary, Lehmitz, Michael, primary, and Beckmann, Udo, primary
Published: 2018
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36. NAOMI: the adaptive optics for the auxiliary telescopes of VLTI

Author: Woillez, Julien, primary, Egner, Sébastien, primary, Gonté, Frédéric, primary, Haguenauer, Pierre, primary, Aller-carpentier, Emmanuel, primary, Alonso, jaime, primary, Andolfato, Luigo, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Darré, Pascaline, primary, Dembet, Roderick, primary, Dupuy, Christophe, primary, Gutierrez, pablo, primary, Huber, Stefan, primary, Hubin, Norbert, primary, Kirchbauer, Jean-paul, primary, Kolb, Johann, primary, Kosmalski, Johan, primary, Meister, Alexander, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Reyes, Javier, primary, Shchekaturov, Pavel, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, primary, Stephan, Christian, primary, Valdes, Guillermo, primary, Verinaud, Christophe, primary, Berger, Jean-Philippe, primary, Le Bouquin, Jean-baptiste, primary, Guieu, Sylvain, primary, Delboulbe, Alain, primary, Jocou, Laurent, primary, Magnard, Yves, primary, Moulin, Thibaut, primary, Rochat, Sylvain, primary, Stadler, Eric, primary, and Krempl, Peter, primary
Published: 2018
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37. SAGE: using CubeSats for gravitational wave detection

Author: Lacour, Sylvestre, primary, Kellerer, Aglae, primary, Woillez, Julien, primary, Nowak, Mathias, primary, Vincent, Frédéric, primary, David, Lester, primary, Lapeyrère, Vincent, primary, Le Tiec, Alexandre, primary, Straub, Odele, primary, and Bourget, Pierre, primary
Published: 2018
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38. LA « DÉPOSITION » DU GÉNÉRAL ANTHOINE SUR LA GUERRE DE 1914-1918

Author: Bourget, Pierre and Anthoine, P.
Published: 1989

39. UN PRÉCURSEUR DE DE GAULLE?

Author: Bourget, Pierre
Published: 1986

40. LE NEUVIÈME CONGRÈS INTERNATIONAL DU CANCER

Author: BOURGET, PIERRE
Published: 1967

41. Vers le cœur artificiel implantable

Author: BOURGET, PIERRE
Published: 1967

42. Tackling down the low wind effect on SPHERE instrument

Author: Sauvage, Jean-François, Fusco, Thierry, Lamb, Masen, Girard, Julien, Brinkmann, Martin, Guesalaga, Andrés, Wizinowich, Peter, O'Neal, Jared, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Vigan, Arthur, Mouillet, David, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Kasper, Markus, Le Louarn, Miska, Milli, Julien, Dohlen, Kjetil, Neichel, Benoit, Bourget, Pierre, Haguenauer, Pierre, Mawet, Dimitri, Marchetti, Enrico, Close, Laird, Véran, Jean-Pierre, Vigan, Arthur, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Institut Charles Sadron (ICS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (UCSC), W.M. Keck Observatory, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), NRC Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Marchetti, Enrico, Close, Laird M., and Véran, Jean-Pierre
Subjects: Physics, Wavefront, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Strehl ratio, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, Wavelength, Optics, law, Sky, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Adaptive optics, business, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract: International audience; SPHERE is the VLT second generation planet hunter instrument. Installed since May 2014 on UT3, the system has been commissioned and verified for more than one year now and routinely delivers unprecedented images of star surroundings, exoplanets and dust disks. The exceptional performance required for this kind of observation makes the appointment: a repeatable Strehl Ratio of 90% in H band, a rough contrast level of 10-5@0.5 arcsec, and reaches 10-6 at the same separation after differential imaging (SDI, ADI). The instrument also presents high contrast levels in the visible and an unprecedented 17mas diffraction-limited resolution at 0.65 microns wavelength. SAXO is the SPHERE XAO system, allowing the system to reach its final detectivity. Its high performance and therefore highly sensitive capacities turns a new eye on telescope environment. Even if XAO performance are reached as expected, some unexpected limitations are here described and a first work around is proposed and discussed. Spatial limitation: wave-front aberrations have been identified, deviating from kolmogorov statistics, and therefore not easily seen and compensated for by the XAO system. The impact of this limitations results in a degraded performance in some particular low wind conditions. Solutions are developed and tested on sky to propose a new operation procedure reducing this limitation. Temporal limitation: high amplitude vibrations on the low order modes have been issued, due to telescope environment and XAO behaviour. Again, a solution is developed and an assessment of its performance is dressed. The potential application of these solutions to E-ELT is proposed.
Published: 2016

43. VLTI status update: Three years into the second generation.

Author: Woillez, Julien, Darré, Pascaline, Egner, Sebastian, Gonté, Frédéric, Haubois, Xavier, Mérand, Antoine, Schuhler, Nicolas, Abad, José Antonio, Abuter, Roberto, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, Alonso, Jaime, Andolfato, Luigi, Barriga, Pablo José, Beltran, Juan, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Bristow, Paul, Caniguante, Luis, and Conzelmann, Ralf
Published: 2018
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44. NAOMI: the adaptive optics for the auxiliary telescopes of VLTI.

Author: Gonté, Frédéric, Egner, Sebastian, Haguenauer, Pierre, Woillez, Julien, Carpentier, Emmanuel Aller, Alonso, Jaime, Andolfato, Luigi, Bourget, Pierre, Darré, Pascaline, Dembet, Roderick, Dupuy, Christophe, Gutierrez, Pablo, Huber, Stefan, Hubin, Norbert, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johann, Kosmalski, Johan, Meister, Alexander, Pasquinia, Luca, and Reyesa, Javier
Published: 2018
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45. Tackling down the low wind effect on SPHERE instrument

Author: Marchetti, Enrico, Close, Laird M., Véran, Jean-Pierre, Sauvage, Jean François, Fusco, Thierry, Lamb, Masen, Girard, Julien, Brinkmann, Martin, Guesalaga, Andres, Wizinowich, Peter, O'Neal, Jared, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Vigan, Arthur, Mouillet, David, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Kasper, Markus, Le Louarn, Miska, Milli, Julien, Dohlen, Kjetil, Neichel, Benoît, Bourget, Pierre, Haguenauer, Pierre, Mawet, Dimitri, Marchetti, Enrico, Close, Laird M., Véran, Jean-Pierre, Sauvage, Jean François, Fusco, Thierry, Lamb, Masen, Girard, Julien, Brinkmann, Martin, Guesalaga, Andres, Wizinowich, Peter, O'Neal, Jared, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Vigan, Arthur, Mouillet, David, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Kasper, Markus, Le Louarn, Miska, Milli, Julien, Dohlen, Kjetil, Neichel, Benoît, Bourget, Pierre, Haguenauer, Pierre, and Mawet, Dimitri
Abstract: SPHERE is the VLT second generation planet hunter instrument. Installed since May 2014 on UT3, the system has been commissioned and verified for more than one year now and routinely delivers unprecedented images of star surroundings, exoplanets and dust disks. The exceptional performance required for this kind of observation makes the appointment: a repeatable Strehl Ratio of 90% in H band, a rough contrast level of 10-5@0.5 arcsec, and reaches 10-6 at the same separation after differential imaging (SDI, ADI). The instrument also presents high contrast levels in the visible and an unprecedented 17mas diffraction-limited resolution at 0.65 microns wavelength. SAXO is the SPHERE XAO system, allowing the system to reach its final detectivity. Its high performance and therefore highly sensitive capacities turns a new eye on telescope environment. Even if XAO performance are reached as expected, some unexpected limitations are here described and a first work around is proposed and discussed. Spatial limitation: wave-front aberrations have been identified, deviating from kolmogorov statistics, and therefore not easily seen and compensated for by the XAO system. The impact of this limitations results in a degraded performance in some particular low wind conditions. Solutions are developed and tested on sky to propose a new operation procedure reducing this limitation. Temporal limitation: high amplitude vibrations on the low order modes have been issued, due to telescope environment and XAO behaviour. Again, a solution is developed and an assessment of its performance is dressed. The potential application of these solutions to E-ELT is proposed.
Published: 2016

46. VLT interferometer upgrade for the 2nd generation of interferometric instruments

Author: Gonté, Frederic, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Egner, Sebastian, additional, Merand, Antoine, additional, Abad, José Antonio, additional, Abadie, Sergio, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Acuña, Margarita, additional, Allouche, Fatmé, additional, Alonso, Jaime, additional, Andolfalto, Luigi, additional, Antonelli, Pierre, additional, Avila, Gerardo, additional, Barriga, Pablo José, additional, Beltran, Juan, additional, Berger, Jean-Philippe, additional, Bolados, Carlos, additional, Bonnet, Henri, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Brast, Roland, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Caniguante, Luis, additional, Castillo, Roberto, additional, Conzelmann, Ralf, additional, Cortes, Angela, additional, Delplancke, Françoise, additional, Del Valle, Diego, additional, Derie, Frederic, additional, Diaz, Alvaro, additional, Donoso, Reinaldo, additional, Dorn, Reinhold, additional, Duhoux, Philippe, additional, Dupuy, Christophe, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Elao, Christian, additional, Fuenteseca, Eloy, additional, Fernandez, Ruben, additional, Gaytan, Daniel, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Gonzales, Jaime, additional, Guieu, Sylvain, additional, Guisard, Stephane, additional, Haguenauer, Pierre, additional, Haimerl, Andreas, additional, Heinz, Volker, additional, Henriquez, Juan Pablo, additional, van der Heyden, P., additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Huerta, Rodrigo, additional, Jochum, Lieselotte, additional, Leiva, Alfredo, additional, Lévêque, Samuel, additional, Lizon, Jean-Louis, additional, Luco, Fernando, additional, Mardones, Pedro, additional, Mellado, Angel, additional, Osorio, Juan, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pavez, Marcus, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Pirard, Jean-Francois, additional, Than Phan, Duc, additional, Pineda, Juan Carlos, additional, Pino, Andres, additional, Poupar, Sebastien, additional, Ramírez, Andres, additional, Reinero, Claudio, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Romero, Juan, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Rojas, Chester, additional, Rozas, Felix, additional, Salgado, Fernando, additional, Scheithauer, Silvia, additional, Schmid, Christian, additional, Schöller, Markus, additional, Siclari, Waldo, additional, Stephan, Christian, additional, Tamblay, Richard, additional, Tapia, Mario, additional, Tristram, Konrad, additional, Valdes, Guillermo, additional, de Wit, Willem-Jan, additional, Wright, Andrew, additional, and Zins, Gerard, additional
Published: 2016
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47. CIAO: wavefront sensors for GRAVITY

Author: Scheithauer, Silvia, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Deen, Casey, additional, Adler, Tobias, additional, Bonnet, Henri, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Chemla, Fanny, additional, Clenet, Yann, additional, Delplancke, Francoise, additional, Ebert, Monica, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Esselborn, Michael, additional, Finger, Gert, additional, Gendron, Eric, additional, Glauser, Adrian, additional, Gonte, Frederic, additional, Henning, Thomas, additional, Hippler, Stefan, additional, Huber, Armin, additional, Hubert, Zoltan, additional, Jakob, Gerd, additional, Jochum, Lieselotte, additional, Jocou, Laurent, additional, Kendrew, Sarah, additional, Klein, Ralf, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kulas, Martin, additional, Laun, Werner, additional, Lenzen, Rainer, additional, Mellein, Marcus, additional, Müller, Eric, additional, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, additional, Neumann, Udo, additional, Oberti, Sylvain, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Panduro, Johana, additional, Ramos, Jose, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, additional, Rousset, Gérard, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Suarez, Marcos, additional, and Zins, Gerard, additional
Published: 2016
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48. Long-term performance of the VLT UT active optics system

Author: Stephan, Christian, additional, Guisard, Stéphane, additional, and Bourget, Pierre, additional
Published: 2016
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49. Tackling down the low wind effect on SPHERE instrument

Author: Sauvage, Jean-François, additional, Fusco, Thierry, additional, Lamb, Masen, additional, Girard, Julien, additional, Brinkmann, Martin, additional, Guesalaga, Andres, additional, Wizinowich, Peter, additional, O'Neal, Jared, additional, N'Diaye, Mamadou, additional, Vigan, Arthur, additional, Mouillet, David, additional, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, additional, Kasper, Markus, additional, Le Louarn, Miska, additional, Milli, Julien, additional, Dohlen, Kjetil, additional, Neichel, Benoît, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Haguenauer, Pierre, additional, and Mawet, Dimitri, additional
Published: 2016
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50. VLTI status update: a decade of operations and beyond

Author: Mérand, Antoine, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, additional, Andolfato, Luigi, additional, Alonso, Jaime, additional, Berger, Jean-Philippe, additional, Blanchard, Guillaume, additional, Boffin, Henri, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Cid, Claudia, additional, de Wit, Willem-Jan, additional, del Valle, Diego, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Derie, Frédéric, additional, Faundez, Lorena, additional, Ertel, Steve, additional, Grellmann, Rebekka, additional, Gitton, Philippe, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Guieu, Sylvain, additional, Guisard, Stéphane, additional, Guniat, Serge, additional, Haguenauer, Pierre, additional, Herrera, Cristian, additional, Hummel, Christian, additional, La Fuente, Carlos, additional, Lopez, Marcelo, additional, Mardones, Pedro, additional, Morel, Sébastien, additional, Müller, André, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Duc, Than Phan, additional, Pino, Andres, additional, Poupar, Sébastien, additional, Pozna, Eszter, additional, Ramirez, Andres, additional, Rengaswamy, Srihdaran, additional, Rivas, Lionel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Segovia, Alex, additional, Schmid, Christian, additional, Schöller, Markus, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Wittkowski, Markus, additional
Published: 2014
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