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299 results on '"Boulton, R"'

1. Hematophagy

Author

Boulton, R. A., Guillette, Lauren, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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3. In-line measurement of color and total phenolics during red wine fermentations using a light-emitting diode sensor

Author

Shrake, NL, Amirtharajah, R, Brenneman, C, Boulton, R, and Knoesen, A

Subjects
in-line, real-time, total phenolics, red wine color, fermentation, extraction pattern, Horticulture, Analytical Chemistry, Horticultural Production, Food Sciences
Abstract

An in-line color and total phenolic sensor is described to track the color and total phenol evolution during red wine fermentations. The sensor uses multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs) spanning the ultraviolet and visible spectrum, in particular 280 and 525 nm. The performance of phenolic sensor was evaluated by analyzing fermentation samples collected from multiple red wine fermentations performed during the 2012 season. The study confirmed that the LED phenolic sensor measurements strongly correlate with measurements performed with a reference UV-vis spectrophotometer and that in-line measurements can be made in a practical manner after removal of yeast and pulp with a 2.0 µm filter. The use of a 100 µm path-length flow cell avoids the need for dilution, making in-line measurements possible. The sensor provides in-line measurement on the evolution of the total phenolic content and color extraction patterns during red wine fermentations.

Published
2014

14. Defining, conceptualizing and evaluating pragmatic qualities of quantitative instruments measuring implementation determinants and outcomes: a scoping and critical review of the literature and recommendations for future research.

Author

Hull, L, Boulton, R, Jones, F, Boaz, A, Sevdalis, N, Hull, L, Boulton, R, Jones, F, Boaz, A, and Sevdalis, N

Abstract

The pragmatic (i.e., practical) quality of quantitative implementation measures has received increased attention in the implementation science literature in recent years. Implementation measures that are judged to be pragmatic by implementation stakeholders are thought to be more likely to be applied in research and practice. Despite the need for pragmatic implementation measures, ambiguity and uncertainty regarding what constitutes a pragmatic measure remains. This study sought to identify and critically appraise the published literature to understand (i) how pragmatism is defined as a measurement construct/quality of implementation determinants and outcome instruments; (ii) how pragmatic qualities of instruments are evaluated; (iii) identify key gaps and limitations of the current evidence-base and (iv) identify recommendations for future research. We conducted a scoping review of the literature also employing methods of critical review. PubMed and PsycINFO databases, using the OVID interface, were searched for relevant articles published between January 2010 and September 2020. Articles that contained a definition and/or described characteristics of "pragmatism" as a measurement construct of quantitative implementation outcomes (as defined by Proctor's Implementation Outcomes taxonomy) and/or implementation determinants were eligible for inclusion. Nine articles met inclusion criteria. A degree of overlap in definitions and terms used to describe the pragmatic qualities of quantitative implementation determinant and outcome instruments were found. The most frequently cited descriptors of pragmatism were "not burdensome", "brief", "reliable", "valid" and "sensitive to change". 3 of the 9 included articles involved international implementation stakeholders in defining and conceptualizing pragmatism and employed specific methods to do so, including a systematic literature review, stakeholder interviews, concept mapping, and a Delphi process. All other articles defin

Published
2022

16. DOP068 The virtual electronic chromoendoscopy score in ulcerative colitis exhibits very good inter-rater agreement in scoring mucosal and vascular changes after computerised module training: a study across academic and community practice

Author

Trivedi, P., Hodson, J., Bhala, N., Cooney, R., Boulton, R., Gui, X., Iqbal, T., Li, K.-k., Mumtaz, S., Pathmakanthan, S., Quraishi, M.N., Sagar, V.M., Shah, A., Sharma, N., Siau, K., Smith, S., Ward, S., Widlak, M.M., Ghosh, S., and Iacucci, M.

Published
2017
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21. Outcomes of obstructed abdominal wall hernia: results from the UK national small bowel obstruction audit

Author

Lee, MJ, Drake, TM, Sayers, AE, Walsh, CJ, Davies, MM, Fearnhead, NS, Abercrombie, J, Acheson, A, Alderson, D, Anderson, I, Bach, S, Davies, M, Hamady, Z, Hind, D, Hollyman, M, Hare, S, Lee, E, Northover, J, Lewis, C, Marriott, P, Maynard, N, Murray, D, Tierney, G, Verjee, A, Wild, J, Abbott, S, Abdulaal, Y, Afshar, S, Ah‐Chuen, J, Ahmed, T, Akhtar, M, Akram, F, Aldred, E, Ali, A, Aly, M, Amajuoyi, A, Amin, V, Anderson, D, Anderson, O, Andreou, A, Ansari, A, Appleton, S, Ardley, R, Arshad, F, Ashour, O, Asour, A, Athem, A, Athersmith, M, Ayoub, F, Azeem, H, Azhar, B, Badenoch, T, Baillie, C, Bandyopadhyay, D, Barker, J, Barker, S, Barkham, B, Baron, R, Barrie, J, Barry‐Yarrow, E, Bashir, G, Battersby, N, Bazoua, G, Behar, N, Bellam, S, Berger, C, Bhandari, S, Bhasin, S, Biggs, S, Bisset, C, Blake, L, Blencowe, N, Boam, T, Boddy, A, Boereboom, C, Bogdan, M, Bogle, R, Bohra, P, Boland, M, Bolkan, H, Borg, C, Boulton, R, Bouras, G, Boyer, M, Boyle, J, Branagan, G, Brewer, H, Briggs, C, Broadhurst, J, Brown, E, Brown, J, Brown, L, Brown, O, Burns, K, Butcher, K, Butler, M, Byrne, B, Campbell, L, Capper, C, Cartmell, M, Cash, T, Chan, S, Chandratreya, N, Chapman, J, Chapman, S, Charalabopoulos, A, Cheek, C, Chok, S, Choong, W, Chow, M, Chowdhury, J, Coe, P, Conaghan, P, Conn, G, Cook, N, Cook, T, Cooper, S, Cornish, J, Cotton, D, Cox, C, Coyne, P, Crook, R, Crozier, J, Cuffolo, G, Cunha, P, Curtis, N, Cutting, J, Da Costa, K, Silva, L, Das, B, Davenport, M, Davies, J, Davies, T, Day, A, Dayal, S, Dean, S, Demetriou, G, Dengu, F, Dennis, R, Dent, H, Dent, P, Deputy, M, Devoto, L, Di Benedetto, G, Dindyal, S, Donnelly, E, Doody, P, Douka, E, Downham, C, Dowson, H, Edent, H, Edgerton, K, Ekpete, N, El Farran, M, Elamin, O, Eljaafari, M, Elsaid, N, El‐Sharif, M, Evans, J, Evans, M, Ewe, R, Ewing, A, Exarchou, K, Fallaize, R, Faoury, M, Farag, S, Farinella, E, Faulkner, G, Ferguson, H, Fisher, O, Fletcher, J, Forouzanfar, A, Foster, A, Fox, R, Francis, N, Fretwell, V, Fung, D, Gammeri, E, Garnham, J, Geraghty, A, Gilbert, A, Gill, C, Gill, M, Gillespie, M, Giordano, P, Glasbey, J, Goh, M, Golder, A, Green, N, Gregoir, T, Grey, T, Groundwater, E, Grove, T, Growcott, S, Gunasekaran, S, Habib, H, Haddow, J, Halahakoon, V, Halkias, C, Hall, C, Hampson, A, Hancock, L, Hanna, T, Hannay, J, Harikrishnan, A, Harries, R, Harris, G, Hartley, J, Harvey, K, Hawkin, P, Hawkins, J, Healy, R, Heard, R, Heartshorne, R, Heller, S, Hendra, L, Herrod, P, Heywood, N, Hicks, G, Hobson, B, Holtham, S, Hope, C, Hopley, P, Hossain, T, Hossaini, S, Howse, F, Hubbard, T, Humphreys, A, Ikram, H, Ioannis, M, Iqbal, M, Iqbal, N, Jain, R, Jatania, J, Jenkinson, P, Jokhan, S, Jones, A, Jones, C, Jones, L, Joshi, H, Joshi, K, Joy, M, Jull, P, Kakaniaris, G, Kallam, R, Kane, E, Kang, P, Kanitkar, R, Kauser, S, Kazmi, F, Kedrzycki, M, Kelly, S, Kendall, J, Khan, M, Khan, T, King, G, Kisiel, A, Kitsis, C, Kolawole, I, Korambayil, S, Kosasih, S, Kosti, A, Kotb, A, Kouris, S, Kshatriya, K, Kumar, S, Lafaurie, G, Lal, R, Lau, A, Lazim, T, Lazzaro, A, Lee, K, Lefroy, R, Leinhardt, D, Lennon, H, Leong, K, Levy, B, Lim, E, Lim, J, Lindley, S, Liu, D, Lloyd, P, Locker, D, Lockwood, S, Lowe, C, Lund, J, Lunevicius, R, Lunt, A, Lutfi, S, Luther, A, Luwemba, S, Mahankali‐Rao, P, Mahroof, S, Mai, D, Majid, S, Malik, A, Malik, K, Mann, K, Mansour, S, Manu, N, Mapara, R, Martin, C, Martin, J, Martin, R, Mason, C, Massey, L, Mathias, J, Mathur, P, Maude, K, McArthur, D, McCain, S, McCluney, S, McFall, M, McIlroy, B, McKay, S, McKinley, N, McNair, A, McWhirter, D, Mekhail, P, Mellor, K, Merchant, J, Merker, L, Messenger, D, Miles, A, Mir, S, Mishra, A, Mistry, P, Miu, V, Moat, M, Mockford, K, Mohamed, E, Mohamed, I, Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Moore, N, Moretti, L, Morris, H, Morrison, T, Morrison‐Jones, V, Moss, J, Moug, S, Mountford, D, Moynihan, R, Muhammad, K, Muldoon‐Smith, D, Mulholland, J, Mullan, M, Murgitroyd, E, Murugaiyan, K, Myers, A, Mykoniatis, I, Nana, G, Nash, T, Nassar, A, Newton, R, Ng, C, Ng, P, Nguyen, K, Nicholas, F, Noor, M, Nowers, J, Nugent, C, Nunn, A, Nunn, R, Obeid, N, O'Callaghan, J, O'Hara, R, Oke, O, Olivier, J, O'Neill, A, O'Neill, S, Osei‐Bordom, D, Osgood, L, Panagiotopoulos, S, Panchasara, B, Parks, R, Patel, H, Patel, P, Patel, R, Patel, S, Pawelec, K, Payne, C, Pearson, K, Perin, G, Peristerakis, I, Petronio, B, Phelan, L, Phillips, J, Pisaneschi, C, Pitt, J, Plunkett‐Reed, K, Ponchietti, L, Pouzi, A, Pouzi, M, Powell, A, Powell‐Chandler, A, Pranesh, N, Proctor, V, Pywell, S, Qureshi, A, Qureshi, N, Rahman, M, Rai, Z, Ramcharan, S, Rangarajan, K, Rashid, M, Reader, H, Rehman, A, Rehman, S, Rengifo, C, Richards, E, Richardson, N, Robinson, A, Robinson, D, Rossi, B, Rutherford, F, Sadien, I, Saghir, T, Sahnan, K, Salahia, G, Sarveswaran, J, Saunders, M, Scott, B, Scott, K, Seager, A, Seal, S, Sezen, E, Shaban, F, Shah, P, Shahmohammadi, M, Shamsiddinova, A, Shankar, S, Sharpe, A, Shatkar, V, Sheel, A, Shields, T, Shinkwin, M, Shurmer, J, Siddika, A, Siddiqui, S, Simson, R, Sinclair, P, Singh, B, Singh, S, Sivaraj, J, Skaife, P, Skelly, B, Skinner, A, Slim, N, Smart, C, Smart, N, Smith, F, Smith, I, Smith, R, Spence, G, Sreedhar, A, Steinke, J, Stevenson, L, Stewart‐Parker, E, Stott, M, Stubbs, B, Stylianides, N, Subramonia, S, Swinkin, M, Swinscoe, M, Symons, N, Tahir, W, Taj, T, Takacs, K, Tam, J, Tan, K, Tani, S, Tanner, N, Tao, D, Taylor, M, Thava, B, Thippeswamy, K, Thomas, C, Thompson, E, Thompson, R, Thompson‐Reil, C, Thorn, C, Tongo, F, Toth, G, Turnbull, A, Turnbull, J, Valero, C, Boxel, G, Varcada, M, Venn, M, Ventham, N, Venza, M, Vimalachandran, D, Virlos, I, Wade, T, Wafi, A, Waite, K, Walker, M, Walker, N, Walker, T, Walsh, U, Wardle, S, Warner, R, Watfah, J, Watson, N, Watt, J, Watts, J, Wayman, J, Weegenaar, C, West, H, West, M, Whitehurst, L, Whyler, M, Wiggans, M, Wijeyekoon, S, Williams, G, Williams, R, Williamson, A, Williamson, J, Wilson, J, Winter, A, Wolpert, L, Wong, J, Yeap, E, Yeong, T, Zaman, S, Zappa, B, and Zosimas, D

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction Steering Group and National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction Collaborators, Incisional hernia, lcsh:Surgery, 030230 surgery, Abdominal wall, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, NASBO Collaborators, medicine, Humans, Hernia, Hospital Mortality, General, Emergency Treatment, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Aged, 80 and over, Groin, business.industry, Mortality rate, Hazard ratio, West Midlands Research Collaborative, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Original Articles, lcsh:RD1-811, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Quality Improvement, United Kingdom, Surgery, Hernia, Abdominal, Bowel obstruction, medicine.anatomical_structure, Logistic Models, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Original Article, Female, business, NASBO Steering Group, Intestinal Obstruction
Abstract

Background Abdominal wall hernia is a common surgical condition. Patients may present in an emergency with bowel obstruction, incarceration or strangulation. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious surgical condition associated with significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to describe current management and outcomes of patients with obstructed hernia in the UK as identified in the National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction (NASBO). Methods NASBO collated data on adults treated for SBO at 131 UK hospitals between January and March 2017. Those with obstruction due to abdominal wall hernia were included in this study. Demographics, co‐morbidity, imaging, operative treatment, and in‐hospital outcomes were recorded. Modelling for factors associated with mortality and complications was undertaken using Cox proportional hazards and multivariable regression modelling. Results NASBO included 2341 patients, of whom 415 (17·7 per cent) had SBO due to hernia. Surgery was performed in 312 (75·2 per cent) of the 415 patients; small bowel resection was required in 198 (63·5 per cent) of these operations. Non‐operative management was reported in 35 (54 per cent) of 65 patients with a parastomal hernia and in 34 (32·1 per cent) of 106 patients with an incisional hernia. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 9·4 per cent (39 of 415), and was highest in patients with a groin hernia (11·1 per cent, 17 of 153). Complications were common, including lower respiratory tract infection in 16·3 per cent of patients with a groin hernia. Increased age was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·01 to 1·10; P = 0·009) and complications (odds ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·02 to 1·09; P = 0·001). Conclusion NASBO has highlighted poor outcomes for patients with SBO due to hernia, highlighting the need for quality improvement initiatives in this group., This study shows that small bowel obstruction due to abdominal wall hernia is common, typically involves a co‐morbid group of patients and has poor outcomes, including high mortality rates. High mortality from this problem

Published
2020

22. COVID-19: Rapid antigen detection for SARS-CoV-2 by lateral flow assay: A national systematic evaluation of sensitivity and specificity for mass-testing

Author

Peto, T., Affron, D., Afrough, B., Agasu, A., Ainsworth, M., Allanson, A., Allen, K., Allen, C., Archer, L., Ashbridge, N., Aurfan, I., Avery, M., Badenoch, E., Bagga, P., Balaji, R., Baldwin, E., Barraclough, S., Beane, C., Bell, J., Benford, T., Bird, S., Bishop, M., Bloss, A., Body, R., Boulton, R., Bown, A., Bratten, C., Bridgeman, C., Britton, D., Brooks, T., Broughton-Smith, M., Brown, P., Buck, B., Butcher, E., Byrne, W., Calderon, G., Campbell, S., Carr, O., Carter, P., Carter, D., Cathrall, M., Catton, M., Chadwick, J., Chapman, D., Chau, K.K., Chaudary, T., Chidavaenzi, S., Chilcott, S., Choi, B., Claasen, H., Clark, S., Clarke, R., Clarke, D., Clayton, R., Collins, K., Colston, R., Connolly, J., Cook, E., Corcoran, M., Corley, B., Costello, L., Coulson, C., Crook, A., Crook, D.W., D'Arcangelo, S., Darby, M-A, Davis, J., de Koning, R., Derbyshire, P., Devall, P., Dolman, M., Draper, N., Driver, M., Dyas, S., Eaton, E., Edwards, J., Elderfield, R., Ellis, K., Ellis, G., Elwell, S., Evans, R., Evans, B., Evans, M., Eyre, D., Fahey, C., Fenech, V., Field, J., Field, A., Foord, T., Fowler, T., French, M., Fuchs, H., Gan, J., Gernon, J., Ghadiali, G., Ghuman, N., Gibbons, K., Gill, G., Gilmour, K., Goel, A., Gordon, S., Graham, T., Grassam-Rowe, A., Green, D., Gronert, A., Gumsley-Read, T., Hall, C., Hallis, B., Hammond, S., Hammond, P., Hanney, B., Hardy, V., Harker, G., Harris, A., Havinden-Williams, M., Hazell, E., Henry, J., Hicklin, K., Hollier, K., Holloway, B., Hoosdally, S.J., Hopkins, S., Hughes, L., Hurdowar, S., Hurford, S-A, Jackman, J., Jackson, H., Johns, R., Johnston, S., Jones, J., Kanyowa, T., Keating-Fedders, K., Kempson, S., Khan, I., Khulusi, B., Knight, T., Krishna, A., Lahert, P., Lampshire, Z., Lasserson, D., Lee, K., Lee, L.Y.W., Legard, A., Leggio, C., Liu, J., Lockett, T., Logue, C., Lucas, V., Lumley, S.F., Maripuri, V., Markham, D., Marshall, E., Matthews, P.C., Mckee, S., McKee, D.F., McLeod, N., McNulty, A., Mellor, F., Michel, R., Mighiu, A., Miller, J., Mirza, Z., Mistry, H., Mitchell, J., Moeser, M.E., Moore, S., Muthuswamy, A., Myers, D., Nanson, G., Newbury, M., Nicol, S., Nuttall, H., Nwanaforo, J.J., Oliver, L., Osbourne, W., Osbourne, J., Otter, A., Owen, J., Panchalingam, S., Papoulidis, D., Pavon, J.D., Peace, A., Pearson, K., Peck, L., Pegg, A., Pegler, S., Permain, H., Perumal, P., Peto, L., Peto, T.E.A., Pham, T., Pickford, H.L., Pinkerton, M., Platton, M., Price, A., Protheroe, E., Purnell, H., Rawden, L., Read, S., Reynard, C., Ridge, S., Ritter, T.G., Robinson, J., Robinson, P., Rodger, G., Rowe, C., Rowell, B., Rowlands, A., Sampson, S., Saunders, K., Sayers, R., Sears, J., Sedgewick, R., Seeney, L., Selassie, A., Shail, L., Shallcross, J., Sheppard, L., Sherkat, A., Siddiqui, S., Sienkiewicz, A., Sinha, L., Smith, J., Smith, E., Stanton, E., Starkey, T., Stawiarski, A., Sterry, A., Stevens, J., Stockbridge, M., Stoesser, N., Sukumaran, A., Sweed, A., Tatar, S., Thomas, H., Tibbins, C., Tiley, S., Timmins, J., Tomas-Smith, C., Topping, O., Turek, E., Neibler, T., Trigg-Hogarth, K., Truelove, E., Turnbull, C., Tyrrell, D., Vaughan, A., Vertannes, J., Vipond, R., Wagstaff, L., Waldron, J., Walker, P., Walker, A.S., Walters, M., Wang, J.Y., Watson, E., Webberley, K., Webster, K., Westland, G., Wickens, I., Willcocks, J., Willis, H., Wilson, S., Wilson, B., Woodhead, L., Wright, D., Xavier, B., Yelnoorkar, F., Zeidan, L., Zinyama, R., Peto, T., Affron, D., Afrough, B., Agasu, A., Ainsworth, M., Allanson, A., Allen, K., Allen, C., Archer, L., Ashbridge, N., Aurfan, I., Avery, M., Badenoch, E., Bagga, P., Balaji, R., Baldwin, E., Barraclough, S., Beane, C., Bell, J., Benford, T., Bird, S., Bishop, M., Bloss, A., Body, R., Boulton, R., Bown, A., Bratten, C., Bridgeman, C., Britton, D., Brooks, T., Broughton-Smith, M., Brown, P., Buck, B., Butcher, E., Byrne, W., Calderon, G., Campbell, S., Carr, O., Carter, P., Carter, D., Cathrall, M., Catton, M., Chadwick, J., Chapman, D., Chau, K.K., Chaudary, T., Chidavaenzi, S., Chilcott, S., Choi, B., Claasen, H., Clark, S., Clarke, R., Clarke, D., Clayton, R., Collins, K., Colston, R., Connolly, J., Cook, E., Corcoran, M., Corley, B., Costello, L., Coulson, C., Crook, A., Crook, D.W., D'Arcangelo, S., Darby, M-A, Davis, J., de Koning, R., Derbyshire, P., Devall, P., Dolman, M., Draper, N., Driver, M., Dyas, S., Eaton, E., Edwards, J., Elderfield, R., Ellis, K., Ellis, G., Elwell, S., Evans, R., Evans, B., Evans, M., Eyre, D., Fahey, C., Fenech, V., Field, J., Field, A., Foord, T., Fowler, T., French, M., Fuchs, H., Gan, J., Gernon, J., Ghadiali, G., Ghuman, N., Gibbons, K., Gill, G., Gilmour, K., Goel, A., Gordon, S., Graham, T., Grassam-Rowe, A., Green, D., Gronert, A., Gumsley-Read, T., Hall, C., Hallis, B., Hammond, S., Hammond, P., Hanney, B., Hardy, V., Harker, G., Harris, A., Havinden-Williams, M., Hazell, E., Henry, J., Hicklin, K., Hollier, K., Holloway, B., Hoosdally, S.J., Hopkins, S., Hughes, L., Hurdowar, S., Hurford, S-A, Jackman, J., Jackson, H., Johns, R., Johnston, S., Jones, J., Kanyowa, T., Keating-Fedders, K., Kempson, S., Khan, I., Khulusi, B., Knight, T., Krishna, A., Lahert, P., Lampshire, Z., Lasserson, D., Lee, K., Lee, L.Y.W., Legard, A., Leggio, C., Liu, J., Lockett, T., Logue, C., Lucas, V., Lumley, S.F., Maripuri, V., Markham, D., Marshall, E., Matthews, P.C., Mckee, S., McKee, D.F., McLeod, N., McNulty, A., Mellor, F., Michel, R., Mighiu, A., Miller, J., Mirza, Z., Mistry, H., Mitchell, J., Moeser, M.E., Moore, S., Muthuswamy, A., Myers, D., Nanson, G., Newbury, M., Nicol, S., Nuttall, H., Nwanaforo, J.J., Oliver, L., Osbourne, W., Osbourne, J., Otter, A., Owen, J., Panchalingam, S., Papoulidis, D., Pavon, J.D., Peace, A., Pearson, K., Peck, L., Pegg, A., Pegler, S., Permain, H., Perumal, P., Peto, L., Peto, T.E.A., Pham, T., Pickford, H.L., Pinkerton, M., Platton, M., Price, A., Protheroe, E., Purnell, H., Rawden, L., Read, S., Reynard, C., Ridge, S., Ritter, T.G., Robinson, J., Robinson, P., Rodger, G., Rowe, C., Rowell, B., Rowlands, A., Sampson, S., Saunders, K., Sayers, R., Sears, J., Sedgewick, R., Seeney, L., Selassie, A., Shail, L., Shallcross, J., Sheppard, L., Sherkat, A., Siddiqui, S., Sienkiewicz, A., Sinha, L., Smith, J., Smith, E., Stanton, E., Starkey, T., Stawiarski, A., Sterry, A., Stevens, J., Stockbridge, M., Stoesser, N., Sukumaran, A., Sweed, A., Tatar, S., Thomas, H., Tibbins, C., Tiley, S., Timmins, J., Tomas-Smith, C., Topping, O., Turek, E., Neibler, T., Trigg-Hogarth, K., Truelove, E., Turnbull, C., Tyrrell, D., Vaughan, A., Vertannes, J., Vipond, R., Wagstaff, L., Waldron, J., Walker, P., Walker, A.S., Walters, M., Wang, J.Y., Watson, E., Webberley, K., Webster, K., Westland, G., Wickens, I., Willcocks, J., Willis, H., Wilson, S., Wilson, B., Woodhead, L., Wright, D., Xavier, B., Yelnoorkar, F., Zeidan, L., and Zinyama, R.

Abstract

Background Lateral flow device (LFD) viral antigen immunoassays have been developed around the world as diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection. They have been proposed to deliver an infrastructure-light, cost-economical solution giving results within half an hour. Methods LFDs were initially reviewed by a Department of Health and Social Care team, part of the UK government, from which 64 were selected for further evaluation from 1st August to 15th December 2020. Standardised laboratory evaluations, and for those that met the published criteria, field testing in the Falcon-C19 research study and UK pilots were performed (UK COVID-19 testing centres, hospital, schools, armed forces). Findings 4/64 LFDs so far have desirable performance characteristics (orient Gene, Deepblue, Abbott and Innova SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Qualitative Test). All these LFDs have a viral antigen detection of >90% at 100,000 RNA copies/ml. 8951 Innova LFD tests were performed with a kit failure rate of 5.6% (502/8951, 95% CI: 5.1–6.1), false positive rate of 0.32% (22/6954, 95% CI: 0.20–0.48). Viral antigen detection/sensitivity across the sampling cohort when performed by laboratory scientists was 78.8% (156/198, 95% CI 72.4–84.3). Interpretation Our results suggest LFDs have promising performance characteristics for mass population testing and can be used to identify infectious positive individuals. The Innova LFD shows good viral antigen detection/sensitivity with excellent specificity, although kit failure rates and the impact of training are potential issues. These results support the expanded evaluation of LFDs, and assessment of greater access to testing on COVID-19 transmission. Funding Department of Health and Social Care. University of Oxford. Public Health England Porton Down, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute of Health Research.

Published
2021

26. Human transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) is digested to a smaller (1-43), less biologically active, form in acidic gastric juice. (Stomach)

Author

Marchbank, T., Boulton, R., Hansen, H., and Playford, R.J.

Subjects
Physiological aspects, Transforming growth factors -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Background: Transforming growth factor a (TGF-α) is a 50 amino acid peptide with potent proliferative and cytoprotective activity present in gastric mucosa and juice. Aims: To determine the forms and [...]

Published
2002

34. National prospective cohort study of the burden of acute small bowel obstruction

Author

Lee, M. J., Sayers, A. E., Drake, T. M., Marriott, P. J., Anderson, I. D., Bach, S. P., Bradburn, M., Hind, D., Verjee, A., Fearnhead, N. S., Abercrombie, John, Acheson, Austin, Alderson, Derek, Anderson, Iain, Davies, Michael, Hamady, Zaed, Hollyman, Marianne, Hare, Sarah, Lee, Ellen, Northover, John, Lewis, Christopher, McFall, Malcolm, Murugananthan, Aravinth, Murray, David, Singh, Pritam, Tierney, Gillian, Walsh, Ciaran, Wild, Jonathan, Wilson, Timothy, Abbott, S, Abdulaal, Y, Afshar, S, Ah‐Chuen, J, Ahmed, T, Akhtar, M, Akram, F, Aldred, E, Ali, A, Aly, M, Amajuoyi, A, Amin, V, Anderson, D, Anderson, O, Andreou, A, Ansari, A, Appleton, S, Ardley, R, Arshad, F, Ashour, O, Asour, A, Athem, A, Athersmith, M, Ayoub, F, Azeem, H, Azhar, B, Badenoch, T, Baillie, C, Bandyopadhyay, D, Barker, J, Barker, S, Barkham, B, Baron, R, Barrie, J, Barry‐Yarrow, E, Bashir, G, Battersby, N, Bazoua, G, Behar, N, Bellam, S, Berger, C, Bhandari, S, Bhasin, S, Biggs, S, Bisset, C, Blake, L, Blencowe, N, Boam, T, Boddy, A, Boereboom, C, Bogdan, M, Bogle, R, Bohra, P, Boland, M, Bolkan, H, Borg, C, Boulton, R, Bouras, G, Boyer, M, Boyle, J, Branagan, G, Brewer, H, Briggs, C, Broadhurst, J, Brown, E, Brown, J, Brown, L, Brown, O, Burns, K, Butcher, K, Butler, M, Byrne, B, Campbell, L, Capper, C, Cartmell, M, Cash, T, Chan, S, Chandratreya, N, Chapman, J, Chapman, S, Charalabopoulos, A, Cheek, C, Chok, S, Choong, W, Chow, M, Chowdhury, J, Coe, P, Conaghan, P, Conn, G, Cook, N, Cook, T, Cooper, S, Cornish, J, Cotton, D, Cox, C, Coyne, P, Crook, R, Crozier, J, Cuffolo, G, Cunha, P, Curtis, N, Cutting, J, Da Costa, K, Silva, L, Das, B, Davenport, M, Davies, J, Davies, T, Day, A, Dayal, S, Dean, S, Demetriou, G, Dengu, F, Dennis, R, Dent, H, Dent, P, Deputy, M, Devoto, L, Di Benedetto, G, Dindyal, S, Donnelly, E, Doody, P, Douka, E, Downham, C, Dowson, H, Edent, H, Edgerton, K, Ekpete, N, El Farran, M, Elamin, O, Eljaafari, M, Elsaid, N, El‐Sharif, M, Evans, J, Evans, M, Ewe, R, Ewing, A, Exarchou, K, Fallaize, R, Faoury, M, Farag, S, Farinella, E, Faulkner, G, Ferguson, H, Fisher, O, Fletcher, J, Forouzanfar, A, Foster, A, Fox, R, Francis, N, Fretwell, V, Fung, D, Gammeri, E, Garnham, J, Geraghty, A, Gilbert, A, Gill, C, Gill, M, Gillespie, M, Giordano, P, Glasbey, J, Goh, M, Golder, A, Green, N, Gregoir, T, Grey, T, Groundwater, E, Grove, T, Growcott, S, Gunasekaran, S, Habib, H, Haddow, J, Halahakoon, V, Halkias, C, Hall, C, Hampson, A, Hancock, L, Hanna, T, Hannay, J, Harikrishnan, A, Harries, R, Harris, G, Hartley, J, Harvey, K, Hawkin, P, Hawkins, J, Healy, R, Heard, R, Heartshorne, R, Heller, S, Hendra, L, Herrod, P, Heywood, N, Hicks, G, Hobson, B, Holtham, S, Hope, C, Hopley, P, Hossain, T, Hossaini, S, Howse, F, Hubbard, T, Humphreys, A, Ikram, H, Ioannis, M, Iqbal, M, Iqbal, N, Jain, R, Jatania, J, Jenkinson, P, Jokhan, S, Jones, A, Jones, C, Jones, L, Joshi, H, Joshi, K, Joy, M, Jull, P, Kakaniaris, G, Kallam, R, Kane, E, Kang, P, Kanitkar, R, Kauser, S, Kazmi, F, Kedrzycki, M, Kelly, S, Kendall, J, Khan, M, Khan, T, King, G, Kisiel, A, Kitsis, C, Kolawole, I, Korambayil, S, Kosasih, S, Kosti, A, Kotb, A, Kouris, S, Kshatriya, K, Kumar, S, Lafaurie, G, Lal, R, Lau, A, Lazim, T, Lazzaro, A, Lee, K, Lefroy, R, Leinhardt, D, Lennon, H, Leong, K, Levy, B, Lim, E, Lim, J, Lindley, S, Liu, D, Lloyd, P, Locker, D, Lockwood, S, Lowe, C, Lund, J, Lunevicius, R, Lunt, A, Lutfi, S, Luther, A, Luwemba, S, Mahankali‐Rao, P, Mahroof, S, Mai, D, Majid, S, Malik, A, Malik, K, Mann, K, Mansour, S, Manu, N, Mapara, R, Martin, C, Martin, J, Martin, R, Mason, C, Massey, L, Mathias, J, Mathur, P, Maude, K, McArthur, D, McCain, S, McCluney, S, McIlroy, B, McKay, S, McKinley, N, McNair, A, McWhirter, D, Mekhail, P, Mellor, K, Merchant, J, Merker, L, Messenger, D, Miles, A, Mir, S, Mishra, A, Mistry, P, Miu, V, Moat, M, Mockford, K, Mohamed, E, Mohamed, I, Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Moore, N, Moretti, L, Morris, H, Morrison, T, Morrison‐Jones, V, Moss, J, Moug, S, Mountford, D, Moynihan, R, Muhammad, K, Muldoon‐Smith, D, Mulholland, J, Mullan, M, Murgitroyd, E, Murugaiyan, K, Myers, A, Mykoniatis, I, Nana, G, Nash, T, Nassar, A, Newton, R, Ng, C, Ng, P, Nguyen, K, Nicholas, F, Noor, M, Nowers, J, Nugent, C, Nunn, A, Nunn, R, Obeid, N, O'Callaghan, J, O'Hara, R, Oke, O, Olivier, J, O'Neill, A, O'Neill, S, Osei‐Bordom, D, Osgood, L, Panagiotopoulos, S, Panchasara, B, Parks, R, Patel, H, Patel, P, Patel, R, Patel, S, Pawelec, K, Payne, C, Pearson, K, Perin, G, Peristerakis, I, Petronio, B, Phelan, L, Phillips, J, Pisaneschi, C, Pitt, J, Plunkett‐Reed, K, Ponchietti, L, Pouzi, A, Pouzi, M, Powell, A, Powell‐Chandler, A, Pranesh, N, Proctor, V, Pywell, S, Qureshi, A, Qureshi, N, Rahman, M, Rai, Z, Ramcharan, S, Rangarajan, K, Rashid, M, Reader, H, Rehman, A, Rehman, S, Rengifo, C, Richards, E, Richardson, N, Robinson, A, Robinson, D, Rossi, B, Rutherford, F, Sadien, I, Saghir, T, Sahnan, K, Salahia, G, Sarveswaran, J, Saunders, M, Scott, B, Scott, K, Seager, A, Seal, S, Sezen, E, Shaban, F, Shah, P, Shahmohammadi, M, Shamsiddinova, A, Shankar, S, Sharpe, A, Shatkar, V, Sheel, A, Shields, T, Shinkwin, M, Shurmer, J, Siddika, A, Siddiqui, S, Simson, R, Sinclair, P, Singh, B, Singh, S, Sivaraj, J, Skaife, P, Skelly, B, Skinner, A, Slim, N, Smart, C, Smart, N, Smith, F, Smith, I, Smith, R, Spence, G, Sreedhar, A, Steinke, J, Stevenson, L, Stewart‐Parker, E, Stott, M, Stubbs, B, Stylianides, N, Subramonia, S, Swinkin, M, Swinscoe, M, Symons, N, Tahir, W, Taj, T, Takacs, K, Tam, J, Tan, K, Tani, S, Tanner, N, Tao, D, Taylor, M, Thava, B, Thippeswamy, K, Thomas, C, Thompson, E, Thompson, R, Thompson‐Reil, C, Thorn, C, Tongo, F, Toth, G, Turnbull, A, Turnbull, J, Valero, C, Boxel, G, Varcada, M, Venn, M, Ventham, N, Venza, M, Vimalachandran, D, Virlos, I, Wade, T, Wafi, A, Waite, K, Walker, M, Walker, N, Walker, T, Walsh, U, Wardle, S, Warner, R, Watfah, J, Watson, N, Watt, J, Watts, J, Wayman, J, Weegenaar, C, West, H, West, M, Whitehurst, L, Whyler, M, Wiggans, M, Wijeyekoon, S, Williams, G, Williams, R, Williamson, A, Williamson, J, Wilson, J, Winter, A, Wolpert, L, Wong, J, Yeap, E, Yeong, T, Zaman, S, Zappa, B, Zosimas, D, Moug S Mondragon‐Pritchard, M, Rehan, S, and van Boxel, G

Abstract

Background: \ud Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency, and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality across the world. The literature provides little information on the conservatively managed group. The aim of this study was to describe the burden of small bowel obstruction in the UK.\ud \ud Methods: \ud This prospective cohort study was conducted in 131 acute hospitals in the UK between January and April 2017, delivered by trainee research collaboratives. Adult patients with a diagnosis of mechanical small bowel obstruction were included. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included complications, unplanned intensive care admission and readmission within 30 days of discharge. Practice measures, including use of radiological investigations, water soluble contrast, operative and nutritional interventions, were collected.\ud \ud Results: \ud Of 2341 patients identified, 693 (29·6 per cent) underwent immediate surgery (within 24 h of admission), 500 (21·4 per cent) had delayed surgery after initial conservative management, and 1148 (49·0 per cent) were managed non‐operatively. The mortality rate was 6·6 per cent (6·4 per cent for non‐operative management, 6·8 per cent for immediate surgery, 6·8 per cent for delayed surgery; P = 0·911). The major complication rate was 14·4 per cent overall, affecting 19·0 per cent in the immediate surgery, 23·6 per cent in the delayed surgery and 7·7 per cent in the non‐operative management groups (P < 0·001). Cox regression found hernia or malignant aetiology and malnutrition to be associated with higher rates of death. Malignant aetiology, operative intervention, acute kidney injury and malnutrition were associated with increased risk of major complication.\ud \ud Conclusion: \ud Small bowel obstruction represents a significant healthcare burden. Patient‐level factors such as timing of surgery, acute kidney injury and nutritional status are factors that might be modified to improve outcomes.

Published
2019

35. The Cultural Politics of 'Implementation Science'.

Author

Boulton, R, Sandall, J, Sevdalis, N, Boulton, R, Sandall, J, and Sevdalis, N

Abstract

Despite the growing profile of 'implementation science', its status as a field of study remains ambiguous. Implementation science originates in the evidence-based movement and attempts to broaden the scope of evidence-based medicine to improve 'clinical effectiveness' and close the 'implementation gap'. To achieve this agenda, implementation science draws on methodologies from the social sciences to emphasise coherence between qualitative and quantitative approaches. In so doing, we ask if this is at the expense of ignoring the dominating tendencies of the evidence-based movement and consider if some of the methodologies being drawn on should be considered irreconcilable with evidence-based methodologies.

Published
2020

42. Outcomes following small bowel obstruction due to malignancy in the national audit of small bowel obstruction

Author

Drake, Thomas M., primary, Lee, Matthew J., additional, Sayers, Adele E., additional, Abercrombie, John, additional, Acheson, Austin, additional, Alderson, Derek, additional, Anderson, Iain, additional, Bradburn, Mike, additional, Davies, Michael, additional, Hamady, Zaed, additional, Hind, Daniel, additional, Hollyman, Marianne, additional, Hare, Sarah, additional, Lee, Ellen, additional, Northover, John, additional, Lewis, Christopher, additional, Marriott, Paul J., additional, Maynard, Nick, additional, McFall, Malcolm, additional, Muragananthan, Aravinth, additional, Murray, David, additional, Singh, Pritam, additional, Tierney, Gillian, additional, Verjee, Azmina, additional, Walsh, Ciaran, additional, Wild, Jonathan RL., additional, Wilson, Timothy, additional, Abbott, S., additional, Abdulaal, Y., additional, Afshar, S., additional, Akhtar, M., additional, Anderson, D., additional, Appleton, S., additional, Bandyopadhyay, D., additional, Bashir, G., additional, Behar, N., additional, Bhandari, S., additional, Branagan, G., additional, Boulton, R., additional, Borg, C., additional, Bouras, G., additional, Boyle, J., additional, Brewer, H., additional, Brown, L., additional, Briggs, C., additional, Cartmell, M., additional, Chan, S., additional, Chandratreya, N., additional, Conaghan, P., additional, Cornish, J., additional, Cotton, D., additional, Coyne, P., additional, Crozier, J., additional, Cook, T., additional, Cunha, P., additional, Curtis, N., additional, Day, A., additional, Dayal, S., additional, Dennis, R., additional, Dent, P., additional, Dowson, H., additional, Fallaize, R., additional, Farag, S., additional, El Farran, M., additional, Faulkner, G., additional, Giordano, P., additional, Grey, T., additional, Halahakoon, V., additional, Hannay, J., additional, Harikrishnan, A., additional, Holtham, S., additional, Hawkin, P., additional, Hall, C., additional, Hancock, L., additional, Hartley, J., additional, Howse, F., additional, Kallam, R., additional, Kakaniaris, G., additional, Kelly, S., additional, Lockwood, S., additional, Leinhardt, D., additional, Levy, B., additional, Lal, R., additional, Lazim, T., additional, Lund, J., additional, Lunevicius, R., additional, Mathur, P., additional, Maude, K., additional, McArthur, D., additional, McIlroy, B., additional, Miles, A., additional, Moug, S., additional, Mondragon-Pritchard, M., additional, Messenger, D., additional, Mullan, M., additional, Myers, A., additional, Muhammad, K., additional, Mason, C., additional, Sarveswaran, J., additional, Shatkar, V., additional, Singh, B., additional, Skelly, B., additional, Subramonia, S., additional, Swinscoe, M., additional, Thava, B., additional, Thorn, C., additional, Panagiotopoulos, S., additional, Patel, P., additional, Phillips, J., additional, Peristerakis, I., additional, Qureshi, A., additional, Saunders, M., additional, Shah, P., additional, Sheel, A., additional, Siddiqui, S., additional, Skaife, P., additional, Smart, N., additional, Smith, I., additional, Stevenson, L., additional, Stylianides, N., additional, Steinke, J., additional, Stubbs, B., additional, Thompson, R., additional, Varcada, M., additional, Vimalachandran, D., additional, Virlos, I., additional, Watfah, J., additional, Watson, N., additional, Walker, M., additional, Ventham, N., additional, West, H., additional, Wilson, J., additional, Wijeyekoon, S., additional, Ah-Chuen, J., additional, Ahmed, T., additional, Akram, F., additional, Aldred, E., additional, Ali, A., additional, Aly, M., additional, Amajuoyi, A., additional, Amin, V., additional, Andreou, A., additional, Ansari, A., additional, Ardley, R., additional, Arshad, F., additional, Ashour, O., additional, Asour, A., additional, Ayoub, F., additional, Azeem, H., additional, Azhar, B., additional, Baillie, C., additional, Barker, J., additional, Barkham, B., additional, Baron, R., additional, Barrie, J., additional, Barry-Yarrow, E., additional, Battersby, N., additional, Bazoua, G., additional, Berger, C., additional, Bhasin, S., additional, Biggs, S., additional, Bisset, C., additional, Blencowe, N., additional, Boddy, A., additional, Boereboom, C., additional, Bogdan, M., additional, Bogle, R., additional, Bohra, P., additional, Bolkan, H., additional, Boyer, M., additional, Broadhurst, J., additional, Brown, E., additional, Brown, J., additional, Burns, K., additional, Butcher, K., additional, Capper, C., additional, Cash, T., additional, Chapman, J., additional, Chapman, S., additional, Charalabopoulos, A., additional, Cheek, C., additional, Chok, S., additional, Choong, W., additional, Chowdhury, J., additional, Coe, P., additional, Conn, G., additional, Cook, N., additional, Cooper, S., additional, Cox, C., additional, Crook, R., additional, Cuffolo, G., additional, da Silva, L., additional, Das, B., additional, Davenport, M., additional, Davies, J., additional, Davies, T., additional, Dean, S., additional, Demetriou, G., additional, Dengu, F., additional, Dent, H., additional, Di Benedetto, G., additional, Dindyal, S., additional, Donnelly, E., additional, Douka, E., additional, Downham, C., additional, Edent, H., additional, Edgerton, K., additional, El-Sharif, M., additional, Elamin, O., additional, Elsaid, N., additional, Evans, J., additional, Evans, M., additional, Ewe, R., additional, Ewing, A., additional, Ferguson, H., additional, Fisher, O., additional, Fletcher, J., additional, Forouzanfar, A., additional, Foster, A., additional, Fox, R., additional, Francis, N., additional, Fretwell, V., additional, Fung, D., additional, Gammeri, E., additional, Garnham, J., additional, Geraghty, A., additional, Gilbert, A., additional, Gill, M., additional, Gillespie, M., additional, Glasbey, J., additional, Golder, A., additional, Green, N., additional, Groundwater, E., additional, Grove, T., additional, Habib, H., additional, Haddow, J., additional, Halkias, C., additional, Hampson, A., additional, Hanna, T., additional, Harries, R., additional, Harvey, K., additional, Hawkins, J., additional, Healy, R., additional, Heartshorne, R., additional, Heller, S., additional, Hendra, L., additional, Herrod, P., additional, Heywood, N., additional, Hicks, G., additional, Ng, P., additional, Hope, C., additional, Hopley, P., additional, Hossain, T., additional, Hossaini, S., additional, Hubbard, T., additional, Humphreys, A., additional, Ikram, H., additional, Ioannis, M., additional, Iqbal, M., additional, Jatania, J., additional, Jenkinson, P., additional, Jokhan, S., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, C., additional, Jones, L., additional, Joshi, H., additional, Joshi, K., additional, Joy, M., additional, Jull, P., additional, Kane, E., additional, Kanitkar, R., additional, Kauser, S., additional, Kazmi, F., additional, Kedrzycki, M., additional, Kendall, J., additional, Khan, T., additional, King, G., additional, Kisiel, A., additional, Kitsis, C., additional, Kolawole, I., additional, Kosasih, S., additional, Kosti, A., additional, Kotb, A., additional, Lau, A., additional, Lafaurie, G., additional, Lazzaro, A., additional, Lefroy, R., additional, Lennon, H., additional, Leong, K., additional, Lim, E., additional, Lim, J., additional, Lindley, S., additional, Liu, D., additional, Lloyd, P., additional, Locker, D., additional, Lowe, C., additional, Lunt, A., additional, Lutfi, S., additional, Luther, A., additional, Luwemba, S., additional, Mahankali-Rao, P., additional, Mai, D., additional, Majid, S., additional, Malik, A., additional, Manu, N., additional, Mapara, R., additional, Martin, C., additional, Martin, J., additional, Massey, L., additional, Mathias, J., additional, McCain, S., additional, McCluney, S., additional, McNair, A., additional, Mekhail, P., additional, Merchant, J., additional, Merker, L., additional, Mir, S., additional, Mistry, P., additional, Miu, V., additional, Moat, M., additional, Mohamed, E., additional, Mohamed, I., additional, Moore, N., additional, Moretti, L., additional, Morris, H., additional, Morrison, T., additional, Moss, J., additional, Mountford, D., additional, Moynihan, R., additional, Muldoon-Smith, D., additional, Mulholland, J., additional, Murgitroyd, E., additional, Murugaiyan, K., additional, Mykoniatis, I., additional, Nana, G., additional, Nash, T., additional, Nassar, A., additional, Newton, R., additional, Nguyen, K., additional, Nicholas, F., additional, Noor, M., additional, Nowers, J., additional, Nugent, C., additional, Nunn, A., additional, O'Callaghan, J., additional, O'Hara, R., additional, O'Neill, A., additional, Olivier, J., additional, Osei-Bordom, D., additional, Osgood, L., additional, Panchasara, B., additional, Parks, R., additional, Patel, H., additional, Pawelec, K., additional, Payne, C., additional, Pearson, K., additional, Perin, G., additional, Petronio, B., additional, Phelan, L., additional, Pisaneschi, C., additional, Pitt, J., additional, Ponchietti, L., additional, Powell, A., additional, Powell-Chandler, A., additional, Pranesh, N., additional, Proctor, V., additional, Qureshi, N., additional, Rahman, M., additional, Rai, Z., additional, Ramcharan, S., additional, Rangarajan, K., additional, Rashid, M., additional, Reader, H., additional, Rehman, A., additional, Rehan, S., additional, Rengifo, C., additional, Richardson, N., additional, Robinson, A., additional, Robinson, D., additional, Rossi, B., additional, Rutherford, F., additional, Sadien, I., additional, Saghir, T., additional, Sahnan, K., additional, Salahia, G., additional, Scott, B., additional, Scott, K., additional, Seager, A., additional, Seal, S., additional, Sezen, E., additional, Shaban, F., additional, Shahmohammadi, M., additional, Shamsiddinova, A., additional, Shankar, S., additional, Sharpe, A., additional, Shields, T., additional, Shinkwin, M., additional, Shurmer, J., additional, Siddika, A., additional, Simson, R., additional, Singh, S., additional, Sivaraj, J., additional, Skinner, A., additional, Smart, C., additional, Smith, F., additional, Smith, R., additional, Sreedhar, A., additional, Stewart-Parker, E., additional, Stott, M., additional, Symons, N., additional, Taj, T., additional, Tam, J., additional, Tan, K., additional, Tani, S., additional, Tao, D., additional, Thippeswamy, K., additional, Thomas, C., additional, Thompson, E., additional, Thompson-Reil, C., additional, Tongo, F., additional, Toth, G., additional, Turnbull, A., additional, Turnbull, J., additional, Wade, T., additional, Wafi, A., additional, Waite, K., additional, Walker, N., additional, Walker, T., additional, Walsh, U., additional, Wardle, S., additional, Warner, R., additional, Watt, J., additional, Watts, J., additional, Wayman, J., additional, Weegenaar, C., additional, West, M., additional, Whyler, M., additional, Whitehurst, L., additional, Wiggans, M., additional, Williams, G., additional, Williams, R., additional, Williamson, A., additional, Williamson, J., additional, Winter, A., additional, Wolpert, L., additional, Wong, J., additional, van Boxel, G., additional, Yeap, E., additional, Zaman, S., additional, Zappa, B., additional, Zosimas, D., additional, Anderson, O., additional, Athem, A., additional, Athersmith, M., additional, Badenoch, T., additional, Barker, S., additional, Bellam, S., additional, Boam, T., additional, Boland, M., additional, Blake, L., additional, Brown, O., additional, Butler, M., additional, Byrne, B., additional, Campbell, L., additional, Chow, M., additional, Da Costa, K., additional, Cutting, J., additional, Deputy, M., additional, Devoto, L., additional, Doody, P., additional, Ekpete, N., additional, Eljaafari, M., additional, Exarchou, K., additional, Faoury, M., additional, Farinella, E., additional, Gill, C., additional, Goh, M., additional, Gregoir, T., additional, Growcott, S., additional, Gunasekaran, S., additional, Harris, G., additional, Heard, R., additional, Hobson, B., additional, Iqbal, N., additional, Jain, R., additional, Kang, P., additional, Khan, M., additional, Korambayil, S., additional, Kouris, S., additional, Kshatriya, K., additional, Kumar, S., additional, Lee, K., additional, Mahroof, S., additional, Malik, K., additional, Mann, K., additional, Mansour, S., additional, Martin, R., additional, McKay, S., additional, McKinley, N., additional, McWhirter, D., additional, Mellor, K., additional, Mishra, A., additional, Mockford, K., additional, Morrison-Jones, V., additional, Ng, C., additional, Nunn, R., additional, O'Neill, S., additional, Oke, O., additional, Obeid, N., additional, Patel, R., additional, Patel, S., additional, Plunkett-Reed, K., additional, Pouzi, M., additional, Pywell, S., additional, Richards, E., additional, Sinclair, P., additional, Slim, N., additional, Spence, G., additional, Swinkin, M., additional, Tahir, W., additional, Takacs, K., additional, Tanner, N., additional, Taylor, M., additional, Valero, C., additional, Venn, M., additional, Venza, M., additional, Yeong, T., additional, and Fearnhead, Nicola S., additional

Published
2019
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47. The relationships between total acidity, titratable acidity and pH in grape tissue

Author

Boulton, R.

Abstract

The relationships between the total acidity, titratable acidity and pH in grape cluster tissue have been proposed and confirmed. Published data for seven cultivars, eight vineyard locations and eight seasons have been used to demonstrate the general nature of these relationships. A mechanism for the uptake of monovalent metal cations is proposed and its effect on the acidity measures in grapes is shown. Les rapports entre l'acidité total, l'acidité titrable et le pH dans le tissu de raisin Les rapports fondamentaux permettant une prédiction de l'acidité titrable et du pH du tissu et du jus de raisin ont été étudiés. L'influence de quelques substances minérales, en particulier du potassium, sur l'acidité titrable et sur le pH est exposée. Un mécanisme possible de transport dans les baies est discuté. Les relations existantes sont vérifiées à l'aide des analyses déjà publiées réalisées sur baies des cépa­ges Merlot et Cabernet Sauvignon. Des analyses de la pulpe, des pellicules et des rafles des cépages Semillon, Sauvignon blanc, Merlot et Cabernet Sauvignon confirment les rapports discutés. Les valeurs de l'acidité titrable et du pH trouvées pour les jus des cé­pages Riesling, Crouchen et Syrah sont comparées avec les chiffres déjà publiés pour démontrer Je caractère universel des relations existantes., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 19 No. 2 (1980): Vitis

Published
2016
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49. A study of calcium salt precipitation in solutions of malic and tartaric acid

Author

Cole, J. and Boulton, R.

Abstract

Calcium salt precipitation was studied in solutions of L( + )tartaric acid and L( - )malic acid in both water and ethanol/water mixtures. Calcium tartrate and calcium malate precipitated separately in an interrelated process. Calcium malate crystallization was strongly dependent on seed crystals. Calcium malate and calcium tartrate act as seed particles for calcium malate precipitation. There was no evidence of a calcium malate-tartrate 'double salt' precipitation. The crystallization kinetics indicate that most of the calcium tartrate precipitated quickly in an initial third order followed by a later third order process. Calcium malate precipitated slowly in two stages like the tartrate but the second stage lasted for many days. The addition of seed crystals shifted the calcium malate precipitation to a first order mechanism. The rate constants were determined for these different stages. Calciumcarbonate provided faster crystallization than calcium hydroxide for both the tartrate and malate precipitations. Ethanol increased the rate of crystallization of calcium tartrate generally and that of the malate with calcium carbonate., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 28 No. 4 (1989): VITIS

Published
2015
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