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The evaluation of the antioxidant activity of ten aqueous and methanol extracts of the red seaweeds, Pterosiphonia complanata, Boergeseniella thuyoides, Sphaerococcus coronopifolius, Asparagopsis armata, Halopitys incurvus, Hypnea musciformis, Gelidium spinulosum, Plocamium cartilagineum, Gelidium pulchellum and Ceramium rubrum was realized through three different tests. Using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, four methanol extracts allowed the transformation of DPPH radical in reduced form with an EC50 between 96 and 862 µg.mL-1. With respect to the β-carotene test, 7 methanol extracts showed activity against peroxide radicals with an EC50 between 9 and 176 µg.mL-1. In the deoxyribose test, the inhibition percentage of hydroxyl radicals varies between 25 and 68% for five aqueous extracts; the most important being the extract of A. armata. Key words: Red algae, antioxidant activity, DPPH, Deoxyribose, β-carotene–linoleic acid system.

Fifty-five aqueous, methanolic, chloroforme-methanolic and dichloromethanolic extracts derived from sixteen species of marine Rhodophyta from the coast of Morocco have been screened for the presence of inhibitory compounds against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) by cell viability method. The aqueous extracts of Asparagopsis armata, Ceramium rubrum, Gelidium pulchellum, Gelidium spinulosum, Halopitys incurvus, Hypnea musciformis, Plocamium cartilagineum,Boergeseniella thuyoides, Pterosiphonia complanata and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius were capable of inhibiting the replication of HSV-1 in vitro at an EC50 (Effective Concentration 50%) ranging from

16 pages, 9 figures, 79 references. Help and expertise of A. Almenar,A. Boix,A. López, E. Blázquez, I. López, I. Sanchís and M. Sancho are gratefully acknowledged., Artícle Free Access publisher'version, To reveal specific Cl(-) transport activities in the symplastic pathway, uptake, long-distance transport and distribution of Cl(-) have been investigated in the citrus rootstocks Carrizo citrange (CC, Cl(-) includer) and Cleopatra mandarin (CM, Cl(-) excluder). Using an external concentration of 4.5 mm Cl(-) , both species actively transported Cl(-) to levels that exceeded the critical requirement concentration by one and two orders of magnitude in the excluder and the includer rootstocks, respectively. Both CC and CM modulated Cl(-) influx according to the availability of the nutrient as uptake capacity was induced by Cl(-) starvation, but inhibited after Cl(-) resupply. Net Cl(-) uptake was higher in the includer CC, an observation that correlated with a lower root-to-shoot transport capacity in the excluder CM. The patterns of tissue Cl(-) accumulation indicated that chloride exclusion in the salt-tolerant rootstock CM was caused by a reduced net Cl(-) loading into the root xylem. Genes CcCCC1, CcSLAH1 and CcICln1 putatively involved in the regulation of chloride transport were isolated and their expression analysed in response to both changes in the nutritional status of Cl(-) and salt stress. The previously uncharacterized ICln gene exhibited a strong repression to Cl(-) application in the excluder rootstock, suggesting a role in regulating Cl(-) homeostasis in plants., Centro de Genómica (IVIA) and IRNAS (CSIC) work were supported, respectively, by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-FEDER grants AGL2007-65437- C04-01/AGR and AGL2009-08339/AGR.