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4. Denudation and Weathering Rates of Carbonate Landscapes From Meteoric 10Be/9Be Ratios.

Author

Wittmann, H., Bouchez, J., Calmels, D., Gaillardet, J., Frick, D. A., Stroncik, N., and von Blanckenburg, F.

Subjects
CHEMICAL weathering, CARBONATE rocks, COSMOGENIC nuclides, SURFACE of the earth, ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
Abstract

Knowledge of the rates of carbonate rock denudation, the relative apportionment of chemical weathering versus physical erosion, and their sensitivity to climate, vegetation, and tectonics is essential for disclosing feedbacks within the carbon cycle and the functioning of karst landscapes that supply important services to humans. Currently, however, for carbonate lithologies, no method exists that allows to simultaneously partition denudation into erosion and weathering fluxes at spatial scales ranging from soil to watersheds. To determine total denudation rates in carbonate landscapes from an individual soil or river sample, we adapted a published framework that combines cosmogenic meteoric 10Be as an atmospheric flux tracer with stable 9Be that is released from rocks by weathering, to the limestone‐dominated French Jura Mountains. By analyzing water, soil, sediment, travertine, and bedrock for 10Be/9Be, major and trace elements, carbon stable isotopes and radiogenic strontium, we quantified contributions of Be from primary versus secondary carbonate phases and its release during weathering from carbonate bedrock versus silicate impurities. We calculated partitioning of Be between solids and solutes, and rates of catchment‐wide (from sediment) and point source (from soil) denudation, weathering and erosion. Our results indicate that average denudation rates are 300–500 t/km2/yr. Denudation is dominated by weathering intensity (W/D) ratios of >0.92, and a non‐negligible contribution from deeper (below soil) weathering. Our rates agree to within less than a factor of two with decadal‐scale denudation rates from combined suspended and dissolved fluxes, highlighting the substantial potential of this method for future Earth surface studies. Plain Language Summary: Carbonate rocks, constituting about 10% of the terrestrial Earth's surface, play a crucial role in the short‐term carbon cycle by absorbing atmospheric CO2 and forming karst landscapes. These landscapes, supporting 10% of the global population with vital services, remain poorly understood due to a lack of tools for assessing erosion and weathering rates. In our study of the French Jura Mountains, we utilized a novel method involving the isotope ratio of 10Be/9Be from the cosmogenic meteoric 10Be, raining onto Earth from the atmosphere at a specific rate, and the stable trace element 9Be released from rocks by weathering, to measure erosion, weathering, and total denudation. Our results indicate an annual soil and sediment erosion of 300–500 tons per square kilometer, with 90% attributed to rock dissolution (weathering) and 10% to physical erosion. A non‐trivial fraction of weathering appears to happen deep (below soil). Our new rates agree closely with rates estimated independently from suspended and dissolved river loads. As such, they demonstrate the considerable potential of the 10Be/9Be technique as a rate meter at Earth's surface. Key Points: Denudation rates from 10Be/9Be in a carbonate landscape agree within a factor of 2 with rates from suspended and dissolved river loadsMeteoric 10Be/9Be‐derived carbonate denudation is dominated by weathering (>0.9 W/D)A non‐negligible contribution in denudation originates in deeper (below soil) weathering [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. First Muon-Neutrino Disappearance Study with an Off-Axis Beam

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calland, R., Calvet, D., Rodriguez, J. Caravaca, Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Coleman, W., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De Rosa, G., de André, J. P. A. M., de Perio, P., Dealtry, T., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Duboyski, T., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M. A., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Hadley, D. R., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hillairet, A., Hiraki, T., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Huang, K., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laing, A., Laveder, M., Lawe, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Lister, C., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagai, N., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nicholls, T. C., Nielsen, B., Nielsen, C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nobuhara, T., Nowak, J. A., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Sinclair, P. D., Siyad, M., Smith, B. M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Stodulski, M., Strabel, C., Sulej, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tobayama, S., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Veledar, O., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yamauchi, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yuan, T., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in the T2K experiment. The 295-km muon-neutrino beam from Tokai to Kamioka is the first implementation of the off-axis technique in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. With data corresponding to 1.43 10**20 protons on target, we observe 31 fully-contained single muon-like ring events in Super-Kamiokande, compared with an expectation of 104 +- 14 (syst) events without neutrino oscillations. The best-fit point for two-flavor nu_mu -> nu_tau oscillations is sin**2(2 theta_23) = 0.98 and |\Delta m**2_32| = 2.65 10**-3 eV**2. The boundary of the 90 % confidence region includes the points (sin**2(2 theta_23),|\Delta m**2_32|) = (1.0, 3.1 10**-3 eV**2), (0.84, 2.65 10**-3 eV**2) and (1.0, 2.2 10**-3 eV**2)., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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6. Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Author

Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calvet, D., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Coleman, W., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De Rosa, G., de André, J. P. A. M., de Perio, P., Dealtry, T., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hillairet, A., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laveder, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagai, N., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nielsen, C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nobuhara, T., Nowak, J. A., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Siyad, M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Stodulski, M., Strabel, C., Sulej, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tobayama, S., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yamauchi, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yuan, T., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A

Published
2011
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7. Indication of Electron Neutrino Appearance from an Accelerator-produced Off-axis Muon Neutrino Beam

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Ajima, Y., Aihara, H., Albert, J. B., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Bass, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blondel, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calvet, D., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Christodoulou, G., Coleman, J., Coleman, W., Collazuol, G., Connolly, K., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., DeRosa, G., de Andre, J. P. A. M., dePerio, P., Delbart, A., Densham, C., DiLodovico, F., DiLuise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A. J., Frank, E., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galymov, V., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Grant, A., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haesler, A., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hansen, D., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hastings, S., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G. V., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kato, I., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khanam, F., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Laveder, M., Lee, K. P., Le, P. T., Levy, J. M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Litos, M., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Marino, A. D., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Missert, A. D., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Monfregola, L., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakai, T., Nakajima, K., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Navin, M. L., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nowak, J. A., Noy, M., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Perkin, J. D., Pettinacci, V., Pierre, F., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, J. M., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sabouri, S., Sacco, R., Sakashita, K., Sanchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Syiad, M., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Sorel, M., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Steinmann, J., Still, B., Stone, J., Strabel, C., Sulak, L. R., Sulej, R., Sutcliffe, P., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Toki, W., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vasseur, G., Wachala, T., Walding, J. J., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Wang, J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikstrom, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zambelli, L., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The T2K experiment observes indications of $\nu_\mu\rightarrow \nu_e$ appearance in data accumulated with $1.43\times10^{20}$ protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with $|\Delta m_{23}^2|=2.4\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$, $\sin^2 2\theta_{23}=1$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}=0$, the expected number of such events is 1.5$\pm$0.3(syst.). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7$\times10^{-3}$, equivalent to 2.5$\sigma$ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04)$<\sin^2 2\theta_{13}<$ 0.28(0.34) for $\delta_{\rm CP}=0$ and a normal (inverted) hierarchy., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, version published in PRL

Published
2011
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8. The T2K Experiment

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Aihara, H., Ajima, Y., Albert, J. B., Allan, D., Amaudruz, P. -A., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Angelsen, C., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., de André, J. P. A. M., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Ballester, O., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Baron, P., Barr, G., Bartoszek, L., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Berns, H., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Birney, P., Bishop, D., Blackmore, E., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bodek, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boussuge, T., Boyd, S. B., Boyer, M., Braam, N., Bradford, R., Bravar, A., Briggs, K., Brinson, J. D., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Bryant, M., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Cadabeschi, M., Calland, R. G., Calvet, D., Rodríguez, J. Caravaca, Carroll, J., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cavata, C., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Charrier, J. P., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Chollet, S., Christodoulou, G., Colas, P., Coleman, J., Coleman, W., Collazuol, G., Connolly, K., Cooke, P., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De La Broise, X., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Debraine, A., Delagnes, E., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Doornbos, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Druillole, F., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Durkin, T., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Ellison, B., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Faszer, W., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A., Fisher, C., Fitton, M., Flight, R., Forbush, D., Frank, E., Fransham, K., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Gallop, M., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gaweda, J., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Giomataris, I., Giraud, J., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Goyette, M., Grant, A., Grant, N., Grañena, F., Greenwood, S., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasanen, R., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hastings, S., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Haycock, T. D. J., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Herlant, S., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hiraide, K., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Honkanen, N., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kasey, V., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Kellet, L., Khabibullin, M., Khaleeq, M., Khan, N., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. -B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Komorowski, T., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurchaninov, L., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kurosawa, Y., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Langstaff, R., Laveder, M., Lawson, T. B., Le, P. T., Coguie, A. Le, Ross, M. Le, Lee, K. P., Lenckowski, M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Lu, P., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malafis, C. J., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Mark, C., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Mercer, I., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Minvielle, R. E., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Mols, J. -P., Monfregola, L., Monmarthe, E., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Morris, D., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagashima, G., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nizery, F., Nowak, J. A., Noy, M., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ohlmann, C., Olchanski, K., Openshaw, R., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Pearson, C., Perkin, J. D., Pfleger, M., Pierre, F., Pierrepont, D., Plonski, P., Poffenberger, P., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Preece, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ramos, K., Ratoff, P., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Richards, D., Ritou, J. -L., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, M., Rooney, M., Ross, D., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sacco, R., Sadler, S., Sakashita, K., Sanchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Schaack, P., Schmidt, J., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sheffer, G., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Siyad, M., Smith, D., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Sooriyakumaran, S., Sorel, M., Spitz, J., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Star, O., Statter, J., Stawnyczy, L., Steinmann, J., Steffens, J., Still, B., Stodulski, M., Stone, J., Strabel, C., Strauss, T., Sulej, R., Sutcliffe, P., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Tadepalli, A. S., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I. J., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Thorpe, M., Toki, W., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tvaskis, V., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Usseglio, M., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Van Schalkwyk, J. F., Vanel, J. -C., Vasseur, G., Veledar, O., Vincent, P., Wachala, T., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Warner, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wendland, J., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wong, K., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle {\theta}_{13} by observing {\nu}_e appearance in a {\nu}_{\mu} beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, {\Delta}m^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2{\theta}_{23}, via {\nu}_{\mu} disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem., Comment: 33 pages, 32 figures, Submitted and accepted by NIM A. Editor: Prof. Chang Kee Jung, Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, chang.jung@sunysb.edu, 631-632-8108 Submit Edited to remove line numbers

Published
2011
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9. Detectors and flux instrumentation for future neutrino facilities

Author

Abe, T., Aihara, H., Andreopoulos, C., Ankowski, A., Badertscher, A., Battistoni, G., Blondel, A., Bouchez, J., Bross, A., Bueno, A., Camilleri, L., Campagne, J. E., Cazes, A., Cervera-Villanueva, A., De Lellis, G., Di Capua, F., Ellis, M., Ereditato, A., Esposito, L. S., Fukushima, C., Gschwendtner, E., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Iwasaki, M., Kaneyuki, K., Karadzhov, Y., Kashikhin, V., Kawai, Y., Komatsu, M., Kozlovskaya, E., Kudenko, Y., Kusaka, A., Kyushima, H., Longhin, A., Marchionni, A., Marotta, A., McGrew, C., Menary, S., Meregaglia, A., Mezzeto, M., Migliozzi, P., Mondal, N. K., Montanari, C., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, M., Nakumo, H., Nakayama, H., Nelson, J., Nowak, J., Ogawa, S., Peltoniemi, J., Pla-Dalmau, A., Ragazzi, S., Rubbia, A., Sanchez, F., Sarkamo, J., Sato, O., Selvi, M., Shibuya, H., Shozawa, M., Sobczyk, J., Soler, F. J. P., Strolin, P., Suyama, M., Tanak, M., Terranova, F., Tsenov, R., Uchida, Y., Weber, A., and Zlobin, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This report summarises the conclusions from the detector group of the International Scoping Study of a future Neutrino Factory and Super-Beam neutrino facility. The baseline detector options for each possible neutrino beam are defined as follows: 1. A very massive (Megaton) water Cherenkov detector is the baseline option for a sub-GeV Beta Beam and Super Beam facility. 2. There are a number of possibilities for either a Beta Beam or Super Beam (SB) medium energy facility between 1-5 GeV. These include a totally active scintillating detector (TASD), a liquid argon TPC or a water Cherenkov detector. 3. A 100 kton magnetized iron neutrino detector (MIND) is the baseline to detect the wrong sign muon final states (golden channel) at a high energy (20-50 GeV) neutrino factory from muon decay. A 10 kton hybrid neutrino magnetic emulsion cloud chamber detector for wrong sign tau detection (silver channel) is a possible complement to MIND, if one needs to resolve degeneracies that appear in the $\delta$-$\theta_{13}$ parameter space., Comment: Detector report of the International Scoping Study of a future Neutrino Factory and Super-Beam facility, 86 pages, 49 figures

Published
2007
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10. Large underground, liquid based detectors for astro-particle physics in Europe: scientific case and prospects

Author

Autiero, D., Aysto, J., Badertscher, A., Bezrukov, L., Bouchez, J., Bueno, A., Busto, J., Campagne, J. -E., Cavata, Ch., Chaussard, L., de Bellefon, A., Declais, Y., Dumarchez, J., Ebert, J., Enqvist, T., Ereditato, A., von Feilitzsch, F., Perez, P. Fileviez, Goger-Neff, M., Gninenko, S., Gruber, W., Hagner, C., Hess, M., Hochmuth, K. A., Kisiel, J., Knecht, L., Kreslo, I., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuusiniemi, P., Lachenmaier, T., Laffranchi, M., Lefievre, B., Lightfoot, P. K., Lindner, M., Maalampi, J., Maltoni, M., Marchionni, A., Undagoitia, T. Marrodan, Marteau, J., Meregaglia, A., Messina, M., Mezzetto, M., Mirizzi, A., Mosca, L., Moser, U., Muller, A., Natterer, G., Oberauer, L., Otiougova, P., Patzak, T., Peltoniemi, J., Potzel, W., Pistillo, C ., Raffelt, G. G., Rondio, E., Roos, M., Rossi, B., Rubbia, A., Savvinov, N., Schwetz, T., Sobczyk, J., Spooner, N. J. C., Stefan, D., Tonazzo, A., Trzaska, W., Ulbricht, J., Volpe, C., Winter, J., Wurm, M., Zalewska, A., and Zimmermann, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This document reports on a series of experimental and theoretical studies conducted to assess the astro-particle physics potential of three future large-scale particle detectors proposed in Europe as next generation underground observatories. The proposed apparatus employ three different and, to some extent, complementary detection techniques: GLACIER (liquid Argon TPC), LENA (liquid scintillator) and MEMPHYS (\WC), based on the use of large mass of liquids as active detection media. The results of these studies are presented along with a critical discussion of the performance attainable by the three proposed approaches coupled to existing or planned underground laboratories, in relation to open and outstanding physics issues such as the search for matter instability, the detection of astrophysical- and geo-neutrinos and to the possible use of these detectors in future high-intensity neutrino beams., Comment: 50 pages, 26 figures

Published
2007
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11. MEMPHYS:A large scale water Cerenkov detector at Fr\'ejus

Author

de Bellefon, A., Bouchez, J., Busto, J., Campagne, J. -E., Cavata, C., Dolbeau, J., Dumarchez, J., Gorodetzky, P., Katsanevas, S., Mezzetto, M., Mosca, L., Patzak, T., Salin, P., Tonazzo, A., and Volpe, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A water \v{C}erenkov detector project, of megaton scale, to be installed in the Fr\'ejus underground site and dedicated to nucleon decay, neutrinos from supernovae, solar and atmospheric neutrinos, as well as neutrinos from a super-beam and/or a beta-beam coming from CERN, is presented and compared with competitor projects in Japan and in the USA. The performances of the European project are discussed, including the possibility to measure the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ and the CP-violating phase $\delta$., Comment: 1+33 pages, 14 figures, Expression of Interest of MEMPHYS project

Published
2006

12. The Drift Chambers Of The Nomad Experiment

Author

Anfreville, M., Astier, P., Authier, M., Baldisseri, A., Banner, M., Besson, N., Bouchez, J., Castera, A., Cloue, O., Dumarchez, J., Dumps, L., Gangler, E., Gosset, J., Hagner, C., Jollec, C., Lachaud, C., Letessier, A., Levy, J. M., Linssen, L., Meyer, J. P., Ouriet, J. P., Passerieux, J. P., Pedrol, T., Placci, A., Poinsignon, J., Popov, B., Rathouit, P., Schahmaneche, K., Stolarczyk, T., Uros, V., Vannucci, F., Vo, M., and Zaccone, H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a detailed description of the drift chambers used as an active target and a tracking device in the NOMAD experiment at CERN. The main characteristics of these chambers are a large area, a self supporting structure made of light composite materials and a low cost. A spatial resolution of 150 microns has been achieved with a single hit efficiency of 97%., Comment: 42 pages, 26 figures

Published
2001
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13. Confidence belts on bounded parameters

Author

Bouchez, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We show that the unified method recently proposed by Feldman and Cousins to put confidence intervals on bounded parameters cannot avoid the possibility of getting null results. A modified bayesian approach is also proposed (although not advocated) which ensures no null results and proper coverage.

Published
2000

24. Tenofovir DF/emtricitabine and efavirenz combination therapy for HIV infection in patients treated for tuberculosis: the ANRS 129 BKVIR trial

Author

Lortholary, Olivier, Roussillon, Caroline, Boucherie, Céline, Padoin, Christophe, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Breton, Guillaume, Rami, Agathe, Veziris, Nicolas, Patey, Olivier, Caumes, Eric, May, Thierry, Molina, Jean-Michel, Robert, Jérome, Tod, Michel, Fagard, Catherine, Chêne, Geneviève, Aumaître, H., Borsato, F., Malet, M., Médus, M., Moreau, L., Neuville, S., Saada, M., Abgrall, S., Ahoudji, D., Balmard, L., Bentata, M., Bouchaud, O., Boudribila, A., Cailhol, J., Dhote, R., Djebbar, R., Gros, H., Honoré, P., Huynh, T., Krivitzky, A., Mansouri, R., Pizzocolo, C., Rouges, F., Viot, E., Amar, B., Bantsimba, J., Dellion, S., Patey, O., Richier, L., Dupon, M., Dutronc, H., Neau, D., Ragnaud, J. M., Raymond, I., Boucly, S., Gailhoustet, L., Lortholary, O., Maignan, A., Touam, F., Viard, J. P., Bergmann, J. F., Boulanger, E., Delcey, V., Diemer, M., Durel, A., Jouade, F., Parrinello, M., Rami, A., Sellier, P., Brazille, P., Leclerc, C., Welker, Y., Bernard, L., Berthé, H., Perronne, C., Salomon, J., de Truchis, P., Bolliot, C., Couzigou, C., Derradji, O., Escaut, L., Teicher, E., Vittecoq, D., Chakvetadze, C., Fontaine, C., LʼYavanc, T., Maresca, A., Pialoux, G., Slama, L., Tuna, L., Bornarel, D., Boué, F., Chassaing, A., Chaiba-Berroukeche, L., Chambrin, V., Delavalle, A. M., Galanaud, P., Levy, A., Pignon, C., Bonnet, D., Ecobichon, J. L., Fournier, I., Fraquiero, G., Gerbe, J., Gervais, A., Guiyedi, V., Iordache, L., Joly, V., Klutse, P., Laurichesse, J. J., Leport, C., Onanga, M., Pahlaval, G., Phung, B. C., Ralaimazava, P., Yeni, P., Almasi, F., Basler, M., Benammar, N., Brunes, A., Guérin, C., Guillevin, L., Meddour, R., Salmon, D., Spiridon, G., Tahi, T., Bloch, M., Ferreira, C., Mahe, I., Manceron, V., Minozzi, C., Mortier, E., Simonpoli, A. M., Vinceneux, P., Zeng Ai, F., Chesnel, C., Dominguez, S., Jouve, P., Lascaux-Cametz, A. S., Lelièvre, J. D., Levy, Y., Melica, G., Sobel, A., Bentaleb, N., Blondin-Diop, A., Bonmarchand, M., Bossi, P., Brancon, C., Breton, G., Bricaire, F., Caby, F., Canestri, A., Clavel, C., Edeb, N., Herson, S., Iguertsira, M., Katlama, C., Kouadio, H., Lagarde, P., Lopez, J. L., Marguet, F., Martinez, V., Remidi, H., Simon, A., Souchon, J. F., Valantin, M. A., Bollens, D., Girard, P. M., Lagneau, J. L., Lefebvre, B., Mouchotte, R., Ouazene, Z., Sebire, M., Theveny-Christiany, A., Valin, N., Bourgarit, A., de Castro, N., Delgado, J., Ferret, S., Lascoux-Combe, C., Molina, J. M., Parlier, S., Pavie, J., Pintado, C., Ponscarme, D., Rachline, A., Sereni, D., Taulera, O., de Verdiere, C., Vincent, F., Bernard, N., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Delaune, J., Lacoste, D., Louis, I., Malvy, D., Mercier, P., Morlat, P., Pertusa, M. C., Schottey, M., Chanteloube, N., Eden, A., Le Moing, V., Makilson, A., de Boever, C. Merle, Reynes, J., Turrière, C., Tramoni, C., Vidal, M., Anavena, C., Billaud, E., Biron, C., Bonnet, B., Bouchez, J., Boutoille, D., Brosseau, D., Brunct, C., Colas, M., Feuillebois, N., Hüe, H., Launay, E., le Houssine, P. Morineau, Raffi, F., Reliquet, V., Cua, E., Dellamonica, P., Durant, J., Rahelinirina, V., Arvieux, C., Chapplain, J. M., Fily, F., Labbay, E., Michelet, C., Morin, F., Peaucelle, C., Revest, M., Ratajczak, M., Souala, F., Tattevin, P., Thomas, R., Alvarez, M., Balsarin, F., Bonnet, E., Busato, F., Cuzin, L., Marche, D., Marchou, B., Massip, P., Obadia, M., Porte, L., Aissi, E., Ajana, F., Alcaraz, I., Baclet, V., Dubus, S., Gérard, Y., Guerroumi, H., Huleux, T., Lahouste, A., Marien, M. C., Melliez, H., Mouton, Y., Pennel, M. P., Valette, M., Viget, N., Yazdanpanah, Y., Bevilacqua, S., Boyer, L., Lecompte, T., Letranchant, L., May, T., Rabaud, C., Thomas, L., Vancon, R., Wassoumbou, S., Abboud, P., Borsa-Lebas, F., Caron, F., Debab, Y., Etienne, M., Faucon, M., Gueit, I., Brouqui, P., Mokhtari, S., Moreau, J., Schlojsers, M., Vandergheynst, E., Chousterman, M., Delacroix-Szmania, I., El Harrar, B., Garrait, V., Joannes, S., Luquet-Besson, I., Mouchet, M., Richier, L., Stevens, A. Blase, Dupont, C., Maresca, A. Freire, Greffe, S., Hanslik, T., Landi, B., Leporrier, J., Rouveix, E., Toth, K., El Mansouf, L., Khuong-Josses, M. A., Méchali, D., Le Besnerais, J. Phalip, Taverne, B., Barclay, F., Fain, O., Flexor, G., Stirnemann, J., Tassi, S., Levast, M., Rogeaux, O., Raffenot, D., Tous, J., Lortholary, O., Bouchaud, O., Chaix, M. L., Chêne, G., Couffin-Cadiergues, S., Dupon, M., Fagard, C., Joly, V., Launay, O., Molina, J. M., Robert, J., Roussillon, C., Rouzioux, C., Tod, M., Yazdanpanah, Y., Lortholary, O., Breton, G., Caumes, E., May, T., Roussillon, C., Veziris, N., Badets, M., Boucherie, C., Fagard, C., Chêne, G., Roussillon, C., Terras, N., Guérin, C., Altare, F., Bourgarit, A., Carcelain, G., Trylesinski, A., Aubron-Olivier, C., Nguyen, T., and Bennai, Y.

Published
2016
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25. A study of quasi-elastic muon neutrino and antineutrino scattering in the NOMAD experiment

Author

Lyubushkin, V., Popov, B., Kim, J. J., Camilleri, L., Levy, J.-M., Mezzetto, M., Naumov, D., Alekhin, S., Astier, P., Autiero, D., Baldisseri, A., Baldo-Ceolin, M., Banner, M., Bassompierre, G., Benslama, K., Besson, N., Bird, I., Blumenfeld, B., Bobisut, F., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S., Bueno, A., Bunyatov, S., Cardini, A., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavasinni, V., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Challis, R., Chukanov, A., Collazuol, G., Conforto, G., Conta, C., Contalbrigo, M., Cousins, R., Daniels, D., Degaudenzi, H., Del Prete, T., De Santo, A., Dignan, T., Di Lella, L., do Couto e Silva, E., Dumarchez, J., Ellis, M., Feldman, G. J., Ferrari, R., Ferrère, D., Flaminio, V., Fraternali, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Gangler, E., Geiser, A., Geppert, D., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Godley, A., Gomez-Cadenas, J.-J., Gosset, J., Gößling, C., Gouanère, M., Grant, A., Graziani, G., Guglielmi, A., Hagner, C., Hernando, J., Hubbard, D., Hurst, P., Hyett, N., Iacopini, E., Joseph, C., Juget, F., Kent, N., Kirsanov, M., Klimov, O., Kokkonen, J., Kovzelev, A., Krasnoperov, A., Kulagin, S., Kustov, D., Lacaprara, S., Lachaud, C., Lakić, B., Lanza, A., La Rotonda, L., Laveder, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Ling, J., Linssen, L., Ljubičić, A., Long, J., Lupi, A., Marchionni, A., Martelli, F., Méchain, X., Mendiburu, J.-P., Meyer, J.-P., Mishra, S. R., Moorhead, G. F., Nédélec, P., Nefedov, Yu., Nguyen-Mau, C., Orestano, D., Pastore, F., Peak, L. S., Pennacchio, E., Pessard, H., Petti, R., Placci, A., Polesello, G., Pollmann, D., Polyarush, A., Poulsen, C., Rebuffi, L., Rico, J., Riemann, P., Roda, C., Rubbia, A., Salvatore, F., Samoylov, O., Schahmaneche, K., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, T., Sconza, A., Seaton, M., Sevior, M., Sillou, D., Soler, F. J. P., Sozzi, G., Steele, D., Stiegler, U., Stipčević, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Tareb-Reyes, M., Taylor, G. N., Tereshchenko, V., Toropin, A., Touchard, A.-M., Tovey, S. N., Tran, M.-T., Tsesmelis, E., Ulrichs, J., Vacavant, L., Valdata-Nappi, M., Valuev, V., Vannucci, F., Varvell, K. E., Veltri, M., Vercesi, V., Vidal-Sitjes, G., Vieira, J.-M., Vinogradova, T., Weber, F. V., Weisse, T., Wilson, F. F., Winton, L. J., Wu, Q., Yabsley, B. D., Zaccone, H., Zuber, K., and Zuccon, P.

Published
2009
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26. Geochemical and strontium isotope data on Critical Zone compartments along a global soil erodosequence

Author

Bouchez, J. and von Blanckenburg, F.

Abstract

We provide strontium isotope data (for both the "radiogenic" isotope ratio 87Sr/86Sr, and the "stable" isotope ratio 88Sr/86Sr, expressed as delta88Sr) for critical zone compartments (rock, saprolite, soil, plants, and river dissolved loads) at three sites along a global transect of mountain landscapes that differ in erosion rates – an “erodosequence”. These sites are the Swiss Central Alps, a rapidly-eroding post-glacial mountain belt; the Southern Sierra Nevada, USA, eroding at moderate rates; and the slowly-eroding tropical Highlands of Sri Lanka. Key metrics for strontium elemental partitioning (strontium concentrations and ratios to the major elements sodium and calcium) are also provided. All samples are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN), a globally unique and persistent Identifier for physical samples. The IGSNs are provided in the data tables and link to a comprehensive sample description. Further details on sampling and locations are provided in von Blanckenburg et al (2021). The IGSN data can be accessed by adding the IGSN after igsn.org, e.g. igsn.org/GFFB1005U The dataset consist of 8 Tables that are provided as Excel and printable PDF versions: Table A1. Swiss Alps analyses of soil, saprolite, rock Table A2. Swiss Alps analyses of water samples Table A3. Swiss Alps analyses of plant samples Table SN1. Sierra Nevada analyses of soil, saprolite, rock, bedload sediment and suspended stream load Table SN2. Sierra Nevada analyses of water samples Table SN3. Sierra Nevada analyses of plant samples Table SL1. Sri Lanka analyses of soil, saprolite, rock Table E. Relative elemental amounts (compared to bulk) present in the different extraction pools

Published
2021

27. Geochemical data on rock weathering along an erodosequence

Author

von Blanckenburg, F., Schuessler, J., Bouchez, J., Frings, P., Uhlig, D., Oelze, M., Frick, D., Hewawasam, T., Dixon, J., and Norton, K.

Abstract

We provide geochemical background data on the partitioning and cycling of elements between rock, saprolite, soil, plants, and river dissolved and solid loads from at three sites along a global transect of mountain landscapes that differ in erosion rates – an “erodosequence”. These sites are the Swiss Central Alps, a rapidly-eroding post-glacial mountain belt; the Southern Sierra Nevada, USA, eroding at moderate rates; and the slowly-eroding tropical Highlands of Sri Lanka. The backbone of this analysis is an extensive data set of rock, saprolite, soil, water, and plant geochemical data. This set of elemental concentrations is converted into process rates by using regolith production and weathering rates from cosmogenic nuclides, and estimates of biomass growth. Combined, they allow us to derive elemental fluxes through regolith and vegetation. The main findings are: 1) the rates of weathering are set locally in regolith, and not by the rate at which entire landscapes erode; 2) the degree of weathering is mainly controlled by regolith thickness. This results in supply-limited weathering in Sri Lanka where weathering runs to completion, and kinetically-limited weathering in the Alps and Sierra Nevada where soluble primary minerals persist; 3) these weathering characteristics are reflected in the sites’ ecosystem processes, namely in that nutritive elements are intensely recycled in the supply-limited setting, and directly taken up from soil and rock in the kinetically settings; 4) contrary to common paradigms, the weathering rates are not controlled by biomass growth; 5) at all sites we find a deficit in river solute export when compared to solute production in regolith, the extent of which differs between elements but not between erosion rates. Plant uptake followed by litter erosion might explain this deficit for biologically utilized elements of high solubility, and rare, high-discharge flushing events for colloidal-bound elements of low solubility. Our data and the new metrics have begun to serve for calibrating metal isotope systems in the weathering zone, the isotope ratios of which depend on the flux partitioning between the compartments of the Critical Zone. We demonstrate this application in several isotope geochemical companion papers with associated datasets from the same samples. All samples are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN), a globally unique and persistent Identifier for physical samples. The IGSNs are provided in the data tables and link to a comprehensive sample description in the internet.

Published
2021

28. Search for the exotic Θ+ resonance in the NOMAD experiment

Author

Samoylov, O., Naumov, D., Cavasinni, V., Astier, P., Autiero, D., Baldisseri, A., Baldo-Ceolin, M., Banner, M., Bassompierre, G., Benslama, K., Besson, N., Bird, I., Blumenfeld, B., Bobisut, F., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S., Bueno, A., Bunyatov, S., Camilleri, L., Cardini, A., Cattaneo, P.W., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Challis, R., Chukanov, A., Collazuol, G., Conforto, G., Conta, C., Contalbrigo, M., Cousins, R., Daniels, D., Degaudenzi, H., Del Prete, T., De Santo, A., Dignan, T., Di Lella, L., do Couto e Silva, E., Dumarchez, J., Ellis, M., Feldman, G.J., Ferrari, R., Ferrère, D., Flaminio, V., Fraternali, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Gangler, E., Geiser, A., Geppert, D., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Godley, A., Gomez-Cadenas, J.-J., Gosset, J., Gößling, C., Gouanère, M., Grant, A., Graziani, G., Guglielmi, A., Hagner, C., Hernando, J., Hubbard, D., Hurst, P., Hyett, N., Iacopini, E., Joseph, C., Juget, F., Kent, N., Kirsanov, M., Klimov, O., Kokkonen, J., Kovzelev, A., Krasnoperov, A., Lacaprara, S., Lachaud, C., Lakić, B., Lanza, A., La Rotonda, L., Laveder, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Levy, J.-M., Linssen, L., Ljubičić, A., Long, J., Lupi, A., Lyubushkin, V., Marchionni, A., Martelli, F., Méchain, X., Mendiburu, J.-P., Meyer, J.-P., Mezzetto, M., Mishra, S.R., Moorhead, G.F., Nédélec, P., Nefedov, Y., Nguyen-Mau, C., Orestano, D., Pastore, F., Peak, L.S., Pennacchio, E., Pessard, H., Petti, R., Placci, A., Polesello, G., Pollmann, D., Polyarush, A., Poulsen, C., Popov, B., Rebuffi, L., Rico, J., Riemann, P., Roda, C., Rubbia, A., Salvatore, F., Schahmaneche, K., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, T., Sconza, A., Sevior, M., Sillou, D., Soler, F.J.P., Sozzi, G., Steele, D., Stiegler, U., Stipčević, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Tareb-Reyes, M., Taylor, G.N., Tereshchenko, V., Toropin, A., Touchard, A.-M., Tovey, S.N., Tran, M.-T., Tsesmelis, E., Ulrichs, J., Vacavant, L., Valdata-Nappi, M., Valuev, V., Vannucci, F., Varvell, K.E., Veltri, M., Vercesi, V., Vidal-Sitjes, G., Vieira, J.-M., Vinogradova, T., Weber, F.V., Weisse, T., Wilson, F.F., Winton, L.J., Yabsley, B.D., Zaccone, H., Zuber, K., Zuccon, P., and The Nomad Collaboration

Published
2007
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29. Bulk micromegas detectors for large TPC applications

Author

Bouchez, J., Burke, D.R., Cavata, Ch., Colas, P., De La Broise, X., Delbart, A., Giganon, A., Giomataris, I., Graffin, P., Mols, J.-Ph., Pierre, F., Ritou, J.-L., Sarrat, A., Virique, E., Zito, M., Radicioni, E., De Oliveira, R., Dumarchez, J., Abgrall, N., Bene, P., Blondel, A., Cervera, A., Ferrere, D., Maschiocchi, F., Perrin, E., Richeux, J.-P., Schroeter, R., Jover, G., Lux, T., Rodriguez, A.Y., and Sanchez, F.

Published
2007
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31. Strontium isotopes (Sr-87/Sr-86) reveal the life history of freshwater migratory fishes in the La Plata Basin

Author

Avigliano, E., Pouilly, Marc, Bouchez, J., Domanico, A., Sanchez, S., Vegh, S. L., Clavijo, C., Scarabotti, P., Facetti, J. F., Caffetti, J. D., del Rosso, F. R., Pecheyran, C., Berail, S., and Volpedo, A. V.

Subjects
otolith microchemistry, hydrogeology, natural tag, freshwater fish, habitat use, migration
Abstract

Strontium isotopes (Sr-87/Sr-86) were evaluated as a potential method for studying the geographical origin of populations and movements patterns of migratory fish from the La Plata Basin (Parana, Uruguay and Bermejo Rivers and Rio de la Plata Estuary, South America). Surface water samples were collected at 43 sites during austral summer and winter (2018) while, Surubi (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans), Pati (Luciopimelodus pati),dorado (Salminus brasiliensis) and sabalo (Prochilodus lineatus) fishes were collected at seven locations. Water Sr-87/Sr-86 ratio was analysed by MC-ICP-MS (N= 74) and otolith core-to-edge Sr-87/Sr-86 transects (N= 50) were measured by LAfs-MC-ICP-MS. Several water bodies presented significantly different (p < 0.05) water Sr-87/Sr-86 values. A similar to 1:1 relationship was found between Sr-87/Sr-86 measured in edge otolith and water. Data provide novel perspectives about migratory behaviour for all species, such as potential cross-border migrations between countries of more than 1,000 km recorded forL. pati, S. brasiliensis and P. lineatus. These species seem to move between the Parana and Uruguay rivers, which imply using the delta or the estuary as a corridor between them. Discriminant analysis based on otolith core Sr-87/Sr-86 suggested that the four species studied originate in sub-basins different from those that were collected and revelled the presence of several potential spawning/nursery areas. The otolith Sr-87/Sr-86 profiles also suggested movements between different environments such as reservoirs, large plain rivers, mountain streams, floodplain valleys and estuaries. These results show the potential of Sr-87/Sr-86 as a tool for tracking the life history of fishes, and depict for the first time a complex use of the La Plata basin by the fishes, providing new information for management plans at the regional level.

Published
2020

32. The Pan-African Toro Complex (northern Nigeria): magmatic interactions and structures in a bimodal intrusion

Author

Deleris, J., Nedelec, A., Ferre, E., Gleizes, G., Menot, R.-P., Obasi, C.K., and Bouchez, J.-L.

Subjects
Nigeria -- Natural history, Intrusions (Geology) -- Research, Magmatism -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

The Toro Complex is one of the Pan-African Older Granites of Nigeria, first described as a reversely zoned pluton made of a central dioritic mass surrounded by a broad granitic rim. It has been thoroughly reinvestigated both from the petrographic and structural points of view, with the help of systematic anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements. The granite main body is a hornblende-biotite porphyritic monzogranite characterized by an early submagmatic fabric displaying a concentric pattern of foliations and west plunging lineations (stage 1). This fabric is overprinted by a later one due to solid-state strain along north-south subvertical dextral shear zones (stage 2). In the vicinity of the diorite, an even-grained granite displays magmatic structures that are contemporaneous with this strike-slip event. The diorite-granite contact is a complex zone where field, petrographic and geochemical data enable recognition of the effects of mixing and mingling between a mafic and a felsic magma. Tonalites cropping out within this contact zone are interpreted as hybrid rocks. The reverse zonation of the diorite itself is also the result of some hybridization process. Magmatic interactions mainly resulted from in situ infiltration of granitic liquid into the dioritic mass. The detailed history of this bimodal intrusion began with the emplacement of the granitic magma acquiring a first stage fabric. Before full crystallization of the granitic core, intrusion of the dioritic magma permitted reheating of the granitic magma that then crystallized with specific structural characters. The second stage structures, whether characterized by magmatic fabric near the diorite or by solid-state strain features in north-south shear zones elsewhere in the granite, are related to late Pan-African dextral strike-slip tectonics in the basement of northern Nigeria. The bimodal Toro Complex is therefore considered as a late Pan-African syntectonic pluton.

Published
1996

33. The Pan-African reactivation of Eburnean and Archean provinces in Nigeria: structural and isotopic data

Author

Ferre, E., Deleris, J., Bouchez, J.-L., Lar, A.U., and Peucat, J.-J.

Subjects
Nigeria -- Natural history, Geology, Stratigraphic -- Archaean, Magmatism -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

Eastern Nigeria experienced high-grade metamorphism during the Pan-African collision event marked by a pervasive migmatization. Structural evidence demonstrates that anatexis was contemporaneous with regional deformation and emplacement of calc-alkaline granite-diorite plutons. New Pb-evaporation data on single zircons from the migmatites confirm that partial melting and plutonism occurred synchronously around 580 [+ or -] 10Ma. The Pan-African reactivation is almost ubiquitous and therefore the protolith age is still debated. However, Sm-Nd analysis of migmatitic gneisses from Eastern Nigeria yielded Eburnean model ages of the protolith between 1.7 and 2.0 Ga, in agreement with previous model ages of 1.3 and 2.0 Ga from granitoids and gneisses of the same area. These results suggest that the protoliths in Eastern Nigeria are distinct from those from the Western Archaean province. Furthermore, recent work has shown that, further north, in the Tuareg shield, the Pan-African belt consists of amalgamated terranes. Thus, a terrane model could explain the contrast between Eastern Nigeria, characterized by Eburnean protoliths and calc-alkaline granitic rocks and Western Nigeria, characterized by Archaean protoliths and units having tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite and greenstone affinities. The contrasted terranes also correspond to a gold province in the West and to a tin province in the East of Nigeria. Keywords: Nigeria, Pan-African Orogeny, absolute age, migmatites, terranes.

Published
1996

35. Denudation and Weathering Rates of Carbonate Landscapes From Meteoric 10Be/9Be Ratios

Author

Wittmann, H., Bouchez, J., Calmels, D., Gaillardet, J., Frick, D. A., Stroncik, N., and Blanckenburg, F.

Abstract

Knowledge of the rates of carbonate rock denudation, the relative apportionment of chemical weathering versus physical erosion, and their sensitivity to climate, vegetation, and tectonics is essential for disclosing feedbacks within the carbon cycle and the functioning of karst landscapes that supply important services to humans. Currently, however, for carbonate lithologies, no method exists that allows to simultaneously partition denudation into erosion and weathering fluxes at spatial scales ranging from soil to watersheds. To determine total denudation rates in carbonate landscapes from an individual soil or river sample, we adapted a published framework that combines cosmogenic meteoric 10Be as an atmospheric flux tracer with stable 9Be that is released from rocks by weathering, to the limestone‐dominated French Jura Mountains. By analyzing water, soil, sediment, travertine, and bedrock for 10Be/9Be, major and trace elements, carbon stable isotopes and radiogenic strontium, we quantified contributions of Be from primary versus secondary carbonate phases and its release during weathering from carbonate bedrock versus silicate impurities. We calculated partitioning of Be between solids and solutes, and rates of catchment‐wide (from sediment) and point source (from soil) denudation, weathering and erosion. Our results indicate that average denudation rates are 300–500 t/km2/yr. Denudation is dominated by weathering intensity (W/D) ratios of >0.92, and a non‐negligible contribution from deeper (below soil) weathering. Our rates agree to within less than a factor of two with decadal‐scale denudation rates from combined suspended and dissolved fluxes, highlighting the substantial potential of this method for future Earth surface studies. Carbonate rocks, constituting about 10% of the terrestrial Earth’s surface, play a crucial role in the short‐term carbon cycle by absorbing atmospheric CO2and forming karst landscapes. These landscapes, supporting 10% of the global population with vital services, remain poorly understood due to a lack of tools for assessing erosion and weathering rates. In our study of the French Jura Mountains, we utilized a novel method involving the isotope ratio of 10Be/9Be from the cosmogenic meteoric 10Be, raining onto Earth from the atmosphere at a specific rate, and the stable trace element 9Be released from rocks by weathering, to measure erosion, weathering, and total denudation. Our results indicate an annual soil and sediment erosion of 300–500 tons per square kilometer, with 90% attributed to rock dissolution (weathering) and 10% to physical erosion. A non‐trivial fraction of weathering appears to happen deep (below soil). Our new rates agree closely with rates estimated independently from suspended and dissolved river loads. As such, they demonstrate the considerable potential of the 10Be/9Be technique as a rate meter at Earth’s surface. Denudation rates from 10Be/9Be in a carbonate landscape agree within a factor of 2 with rates from suspended and dissolved river loadsMeteoric 10Be/9Be‐derived carbonate denudation is dominated by weathering (>0.9 W/D)A non‐negligible contribution in denudation originates in deeper (below soil) weathering Denudation rates from 10Be/9Be in a carbonate landscape agree within a factor of 2 with rates from suspended and dissolved river loads Meteoric 10Be/9Be‐derived carbonate denudation is dominated by weathering (>0.9 W/D) A non‐negligible contribution in denudation originates in deeper (below soil) weathering

Published
2024
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36. Prediction of neutrino fluxes in the NOMAD experiment

Author

Astier, P, Autiero, D, Baldisseri, A, Baldo-Ceolin, M, Banner, M, Bassompierre, G, Benslama, K, Besson, N, Bird, I, Blumenfeld, B, Bobisut, F, Bouchez, J, Boyd, S, Bueno, A, Bunyatov, S, Camilleri, L, Cardini, A, Cattaneo, P.W, Cavasinni, V, Cervera-Villanueva, A, Collazuol, G, Conforto, G, Conta, C, Cousins, R, Daniels, D, Degaudenzi, H, Del Prete, T, De Santo, A, Dignan, T, Di Lella, L, do Couto e Silva, E, Dumarchez, J, Ellis, M, Feldman, G.J, Ferrari, A, Ferrari, R, Ferrère, D, Flaminio, V, Fraternali, M, Gaillard, J.-M, Gangler, E, Geiser, A, Geppert, D, Gibin, D, Gninenko, S, Godley, A, Gomez-Cadenas, J.-J, Gosset, J, Gößling, C, Gouanère, M, Grant, A, Graziani, G, Guglielmi, A, Hagner, C, Hernando, J, Hong, T.M, Hubbard, D, Hurst, P, Hyett, N, Iacopini, E, Joseph, C, Juget, F, Kirsanov, M, Klimov, O, Kokkonen, J, Kovzelev, A, Krasnoperov, A, Lachaud, C, Lakić, B, Lanza, A, La Rotonda, L, Laveder, M, Letessier-Selvon, A, Levy, J.-M, Linssen, L, Ljubičić, A, Long, J, Lupi, A, Marchionni, A, Martelli, F, Méchain, X, Mendiburu, J.-P, Meyer, J.-P, Mezzetto, M, Mishra, S.R, Moorhead, G.F, Nédélec, P, Nefedov, Yu, Nguyen-Mau, C, Orestano, D, Pastore, F, Peak, L.S, Pennacchio, E, Pessard, H, Petti, R, Placci, A, Polesello, G, Pollmann, D, Polyarush, A, Popov, B, Poulsen, C, Rico, J, Riemann, P, Roda, C, Rubbia, A, Salvatore, F, Schahmaneche, K, Schmidt, B, Schmidt, T, Sevior, M, Shih, D, Sillou, D, Soler, F.J.P, Sozzi, G, Steele, D, Stiegler, U, Stipčević, M, Stolarczyk, Th, Tareb-Reyes, M, Taylor, G.N, Tereshchenko, V, Toropin, A, Touchard, A.-M, Tovey, S.N, Tran, M.-T, Tsesmelis, E, Ulrichs, J, Vacavant, L, Valdata-Nappi, M, Valuev, V, Vannucci, F, Varvell, K.E, Veltri, M, Vercesi, V, Vidal-Sitjes, G, Vieira, J.-M, Vinogradova, T, Weber, F.V, Weisse, T, Wilson, F.F, Winton, L.J, Yabsley, B.D, Zaccone, H, and Zuber, K

Published
2003
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38. OZCAR: The French Network of Critical Zone Observatories

Author

Gaillardet, J., Braud, I., Hankard, F., Anquetin, S., Bour, O., Dorfliger, N., de Dreuzy, J. R., Galle, Sylvie, Galy, C., Gogo, S., Gourcy, L., Habets, F., Laggoun, F., Longuevergne, L., Le Borgne, T., Naaim-Bouvet, F., Nord, G., Simonneaux, Vincent, Six, D., Tallec, T., Valentin, Christian, Abril, G., Allemand, P., Arenes, A., Arfib, B., Arnaud, L., Arnaud, N., Arnaud, P., Audry, S., Comte, V. B., Batiot, C., Battais, A., Bellot, H., Bernard, E., Bertrand, C., Bessiere, H., Binet, S., Bodin, J., Bodin, X., Boithias, Laurie, Bouchez, J., Boudevillain, B., Moussa, I. B., Branger, F., Braun, Jean-Jacques, Brunet, P., Caceres, B., Calmels, D., Cappelaere, Bernard, Celle-Jeanton, H., Chabaux, F., Chalikakis, K., Champollion, C., Copard, Y., Cotel, C., Davy, P., Deline, P., Delrieu, G., Demarty, Jérome, Dessert, C., Dumont, M., Emblanch, C., Ezzahar, J., Esteves, Michel, Favier, V., Faucheux, M., Filizola, N., Flammarion, P., Floury, P., Fovet, O., Fournier, M., Francez, A. J., Gandois, L., Gascuel, C., Gayer, E., Genthon, C., Gerard, M. F., David, Gilbert, Gouttevin, I., Grippa, M., Gruau, G., Jardani, A., Jeanneau, L., Join, J. L., Jourde, H., Karbou, F., Labat, D., Lagadeuc, Y., Lajeunesse, E., Lastennet, R., Lavado, W., Lawin, E., Lebel, Thierry, Le Bouteiller, C., Legout, C., Lejeune, Y., Le Meur, E., Le Moigne, N., Lions, J., Lucas, A., Malet, J. P., Marais-Sicre, C., Marechal, J. C., Marlin, C., Martin, P., Martins, J., Martinez, Jean-Michel, Massei, N., Mauclerc, A., Mazzilli, N., Molenat, J., Moreira Turcq, Patricia, Mougin, E., Morin, S., Ngoupayou, J. N., Panthou, G., Peugeot, Christophe, Picard, G., Pierret, M. C., Porel, G., Probst, A., Probst, J. L., Rabatel, A., Raclot, Damien, Ravanel, L., Rejiba, F., Rene, P., Ribolzi, Olivier, Riotte, Jean, Riviere, A., Robain, Henri, Ruiz, Laurent, Sanchez-Perez, J. M., Santini, William, Sauvage, S., Schoeneich, P., Seidel, J. L., Sekhar, M., Sengtaheuanghoung, O., Silvera, Norbert, Steinmann, M., Soruco, A., Tallec, G., Thibert, E., Lao, D. V., Vincent, Christine, Viville, D., Wagnon, Patrick, and Zitouna, R.

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

The French critical zone initiative, called OZCAR (Observatoires de la Zone Critique–Application et Recherche or Critical Zone Observatories–Application and Research) is a National Research Infrastructure (RI). OZCAR-RI is a network of instrumented sites, bringing together 21 pre-existing research observatories monitoring different compartments of the zone situated between “the rock and the sky,” the Earth’s skin or critical zone (CZ), over the long term. These observatories are regionally based and have specific initial scientific questions, monitoring strategies, databases, and modeling activities. The diversity of OZCAR-RI observatories and sites is well representative of the heterogeneity of the CZ and of the scientific communities studying it. Despite this diversity, all OZCAR-RI sites share a main overarching mandate, which is to monitor, understand, and predict (“earthcast”) the fluxes of water and matter of the Earth’s near surface and how they will change in response to the “new climatic regime.” The vision for OZCAR strategic development aims at designing an open infrastructure, building a national CZ community able to share a systemic representation of the CZ , and educating a new generation of scientists more apt to tackle the wicked problem of the Anthropocene. OZCAR articulates around: (i) a set of common scientific questions and cross-cutting scientific activities using the wealth of OZCAR-RI observatories, (ii) an ambitious instrumental development program, and (iii) a better interaction between data and models to integrate the different time and spatial scales. Internationally, OZCAR-RI aims at strengthening the CZ community by providing a model of organization for pre-existing observatories and by offering CZ instrumented sites. OZCAR is one of two French mirrors of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructure (eLTER-ESFRI) project.

Published
2018

39. Chemical weathering in a multi-layer aquifer-dominated watershed under intensive agriculture conditions: the Orgeval Critical Zone Observatory, France

Author

Gaillardet, Jérôme, Floury, P., Tallec, G., Bouchez, J., Ansart, P., Gorge, C., IPGP PARIS FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)

Subjects
ORGEVAL, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Extensively instrumented and monitored over the last 50 years, the Orgeval Critical Zone Observatory in France is an observation site in a landscape impacted by agriculture and more importantly since the 1960's. Rivers from the Orgeval watershed are typical multi-layer aquifer fed rivers in a sedimentary basin context. The Orgeval observatory represents a choice place to appreciate the response and resilience capability of the critical zone under an anthropic stress such as the intensive agriculture activities. We have investigated the chemical composition of the different water bodies through the critical zone from the rain to the outlet over one and half hydrological year. We show that elemental and strontium isotopic ratios are adapted to determine the origin of the elements in two nested streams of the critical zone. The chemical weathering of limestone and gypsum dominates water quality at the outlet. The mixtures of water masses inferred by our data are in good agreement with the hydrological knowledge of the watershed. The weathering of rocks released about 50 t/km2/yr. A significant part is leached from atmospheric local dust (20%) especially during the dry season. It seems that these local dusts present in the lower atmosphere constitute a sort of supra layer on the top the critical zone defining the upper boundary of the critical zone. The input of ocean-derived solutes through the rainfalls represents 7 t/km2/yr, therefore significant to the CZO, and in the order of magnitude of the net fertilizer input (10 t/km2/yr). Including physical erosion rates taken from the literature, we estimate that the total denudation rate of the Orgeval CZO is 20 mm/1000 yr, among the lowest chemical denudation rates for carbonate terrains, similar to the rates determined for the entire Seine watershed. This suggests that agricultural practices are not particularly enhancing chemical weathering rates in the Orgeval CZO, in contrast to literature studies on other monitored agricultural streams.

Published
2018

41. CZO perspective in Central Africa: The Lopé watershed, Lopé National Park, Ogooué River basin, Gabon

Author

Braun, J.J., Paiz, M.C., McGrath, Matthew, Rabenkogo, Nicaise, Mbonda, A., White, L., Gaillardet, Jerome, Bouchez, J., Moquet, Jean Sébastien, Regard, Vincent, Carretier, J.-S., Bricquet, Jean-Pierre, Mahe, Gil, Richter, D., Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Événements Extrêmes (EvExt), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

44. The Plates

Author

Borradaile, G. J., Kehlenbeck, M. M., Friedman, M., Higgs, N. G., Morritt, R. F. C., Powell, C. McA., Vernon, R. H., Watkinson, A. J., Bayly, B. M., Mancktelow, N. S., Davies, W., Lincoln, B. Z., Means, W. D., McClay, K. R., Russell-Head, D. S., Wilson, C. J. L., Williams, V. A., Pfiffner, O. A., Steuer, M. R., Cosgrove, J. W., Bradbury, H. J., Harris, A. L., Gray, D. R., Holcombe, R. J., Martin, D., Puppolo, D., Weber, K., Knipe, R. J., White, S. H., Granath, J. W., Gardner, D. A. C., Solé-Sugrañes, L., Maxwell, J. C., Spang, J. H., Oldershaw, A. E., Ghent, E. D., Stout, M. Z., Alvarez, W., Engelder, T., Sansone, S. A., Hancock, P. L., Crook, K. A. W., Dennis, J. G., Wright, T. O., Gill, G., Platt, L. B., Mimran, Y., De Boer, R. B., Nagtegaal, P. J. C., Wright, E. K., Cook, D., Boulter, C. A., Durney, D. W., Seymour, D. B., Beach, A., Ahmad, R., Lebedeva, N. B., Williams, P. R., Williams, P. F., Nickelsen, R. P., Gregg, W. J., Cox, S. F., Etheridge, M. A., Burger, H. R., Bishop, D. G., Kennedy, M. C., Breaks, F. W., Bond, W. D., Finley, S., Bouchez, J.-L., Wenk, H. R., Ainsworth, J., Cclay, K. R., Boudier, F., Nicolas, A., Talbot, C. J., Twombly, G., Wardlaw, N. C., Hudleston, P. J., Kissin, S. A., Heard, H. C., Conaghan, P. J., Maltman, A. J., Bell, T. H., Rubenach, M. J., Moench, R. H., Bates, D. E. B., Poulsen, K. H., Jackson, P. A., Hughes, K. C., Glen, R. A., Burchfiel, B. C., Roberts, D., Simon, R. I., Borradaile, Graham J., editor, Bayly, M. Brian, editor, and Powell, Chris McA., editor

Published
1982
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47. A precise measurement of the muon neutrino–nucleon inclusive charged current cross section off an isoscalar target in the energy range 2.5<Eν<40 GeV by NOMAD

Author

Wu, Q., Mishra, S.R., Godley, A., Petti, R., Alekhin, S., Astier, P., Autiero, D., Baldisseri, A., Baldo-Ceolin, M., Banner, M., Bassompierre, G., Benslama, K., Besson, N., Bird, I., Blumenfeld, B., Bobisut, F., Bouchez, J., Boyd, S., Bueno, A., Bunyatov, S., Camilleri, L., Cardini, A., Cattaneo, P.W., Cavasinni, V., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Challis, R., Chukanov, A., Collazuol, G., Conforto, G., Conta, C., Contalbrigo, M., Cousins, R., Degaudenzi, H., Del Prete, T., De Santo, A., Di Lella, L., do Couto e Silva, E., Dumarchez, J., Ellis, M., Feldman, G.J., Ferrari, R., Ferrère, D., Flaminio, V., Fraternali, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Gangler, E., Geiser, A., Geppert, D., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Gomez-Cadenas, J.-J., Gosset, J., Gößling, C., Gouanère, M., Grant, A., Graziani, G., Guglielmi, A., Hagner, C., Hernando, J., Hurst, P., Hyett, N., Iacopini, E., Joseph, C., Juget, F., Kent, N., Kim, J.J., Kirsanov, M., Klimov, O., Kokkonen, J., Kovzelev, A., Krasnoperov, A., Kulagin, S., Lacaprara, S., Lachaud, C., Lakić, B., Lanza, A., La Rotonda, L., Laveder, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Levy, J.-M., Ling, J., Linssen, L., Ljubič, A., Long, J., Lupi, A., Lyubushkin, V., Marchionni, A., Martelli, F., Méchain, X., Mendiburu, J.-P., Meyer, J.-P., Mezzetto, M., Moorhead, G.F., Naumov, D., Nédélec, P., Nefedov, Yu., Nguyen-Mau, C., Orestano, D., Pastore, F., Peak, L.S., Pennacchio, E., Pessard, H., Placci, A., Polesello, G., Pollmann, D., Polyarush, A., Poulsen, C., Popov, B., Rebuffi, L., Rico, J., Riemann, P., Roda, C., Rubbia, A., Salvatore, F., Samoylov, O., Schahmaneche, K., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, T., Sconza, A., Seaton, M., Sevior, M., Sillou, D., Soler, F.J.P., Sozzi, G., Steele, D., Stiegler, U., Stipčević, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Tareb-Reyes, M., Taylor, G.N., Tereshchenko, V., Toropin, A., Touchard, A.-M., Tovey, S.N., Tran, M.-T., Tsesmelis, E., Ulrichs, J., Vacavant, L., Valdata-Nappi, M., Valuev, V., Vannucci, F., Varvell, K.E., Veltri, M., Vercesi, V., Vidal-Sitjes, G., Vieira, J.-M., Vinogradova, T., Weber, F.V., Weisse, T., Wilson, F.F., Winton, L.J., Yabsley, B.D., Zaccone, H., Zuber, K., and Zuccon, P.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
2008
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49. A test of the cosmogenic 10 Be(meteoric)/ 9 Be proxy for simultaneously determining basin-wide erosion rates, denudation rates, and the degree of weathering in the Amazon basin

Author

Wittmann, H., von Blanckenburg, F., Dannhaus, N., Bouchez, J., Gaillardet, J., Guyot, J., Maurice, L., Roig, H., Filizola, N., Christl, M., Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Estudos Superiores do Trópico Úmido, Universidade do Estado da Amazonas e Instituto PIATAM, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)

Subjects
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; We present an extensive investigation of a new erosion and weathering proxy derived from the 10 Be(meteoric)/ 9 Be(stable) ratio in the Amazon River basin. This new proxy combines a radioactive atmospheric flux tracer, meteoric cosmogenic 10 Be, with 9 Be, a trace metal released by weathering. Results show that meteoric 10 Be concentrations ([ 10 Be]) and 10 Be/ 9 Be ratios increase by >30% from the Andes to the lowlands. We can calculate floodplain transfer times of 2-30 kyr from this increase. Intriguingly however, the riverine exported flux of meteoric 10 Be shows a deficit with respect to the atmospheric depositional 10 Be flux. Most likely, the actual area from which the 10 Be flux is being delivered into the mainstream is smaller than the basin-wide one. Despite this imbalance, denudation rates calculated from 10 Be/ 9 Be ratios from bed load, suspended sediment, and water samples from Amazon Rivers agree within a factor of 2 with published in situ 10 Be denudation rates. Erosion rates calculated from meteoric [ 10 Be], measured from depth-integrated suspended sediment samples, agree with denudation rates, suggesting that grain size-induced variations in [ 10 Be] are minimized when using such sampling material instead of bed load. In addition, the agreement between erosion and denudation rates implies minor chemical weathering intensity in most Amazon tributaries. Indeed, the Be-specific weathering intensity, calculated from mobilized 9 Be comprising reactive and dissolved fractions that are released during weathering, is constant at approximately 40% of the total denudation from the Andes across the lowlands to the Amazon mouth. Therefore, weathering in the Amazon floodplain is not detected.

Published
2015
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50. 10Be/9Be Ratios Reveal Marine Authigenic Clay Formation.

Author

Bernhardt, A., Oelze, M., Bouchez, J., Blanckenburg, F., Mohtadi, M., Christl, M., and Wittmann, H.

Subjects
BERYLLIUM isotopes, CLAY, ATOMIC mass, ROCK-forming minerals, MARINE sediments, BERYLLIUM
Abstract

As reverse weathering has been shown to impact long‐term changes in atmospheric CO2 levels, it is crucial to develop quantitative tools to reconstruct marine authigenic clay formation. We explored the potential of the beryllium (Be) isotope ratio (10Be/9Be) recorded in marine clay‐sized sediment to track neoformation of authigenic clays. The power of such proxy relies on the orders‐of‐magnitude difference in 10Be/9Be ratios between continental Be and Be dissolved in seawater. On marine sediments collected along a Chilean margin transect we chemically extracted reactive phases and separated the clay‐sized fraction to compare the riverine and marine 10Be/9Be ratio of this fraction. 10Be/9Be ratios increase fourfold from riverine to marine sediment. We attribute this increase to the incorporation of Be high in 10Be/9Be from dissolved biogenic opal, which also serves as a Si‐source for the precipitation of marine authigenic clays. 10Be/9Be ratios thus sensitively track reverse‐weathering reactions forming marine authigenic clays. Plain Language Summary: Clay minerals can form on land by the chemical breakdown of rock‐forming minerals, but clays can also form in the ocean. When clay formation takes place in the ocean, CO2 is released. To date, there is no method that can easily measure the amount of clay minerals formed in the ocean. We used two isotopes of the same element, beryllium (Be), with the atomic mass of 9 and 10 to test whether this isotope system can be used to measure marine clay formation. The abundance of these isotopes differs majorly on land and in the ocean. We measured beryllium isotopes in river sediment and ocean‐bottom sediment offshore the Chile coast and compared the ratios of the isotopes (10Be/9Be). The ratio is four times higher in ocean sediment, when compared to river sediment. We interpret this increase to be due to the formation of clay minerals in the ocean, which include the high 10Be/9Be ratio during their formation. We conclude that the beryllium‐isotope system can be used to measure the formation of even very small amounts (less than 2%) of marine clay minerals. This is important, as the clay‐forming chemical reactions release CO2 which has a long‐term effect on global climate. Key Points: We explored the potential of the beryllium isotope ratio to track neoformation of marine authigenic claysBeryllium isotope ratios increase fourfold from riverine to marine sediment due to the presence of marine Be incorporated in authigenic clayBeryllium isotope ratios sensitively track reverse‐weathering reactions forming marine authigenic clays [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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