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1. First detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering on germanium

Author

Adamski, S., Ahn, M., Barbeau, P. S., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cedarblade-Jones, N., Rivera, J. Colón, Conley, E., da Silva, V., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erlandson, A., Fabris, L., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Jeong, H., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Jones, H., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Lee, Y., Li, G., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Luxnat, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mattingly, J., Moye, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Ogoi, N., O'Reilly, J., Parno, D. S., Pérez-Loureiro, D., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Queen, J., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Stringer, M., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Sur, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zaalishvili, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on germanium, measured at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Ge-Mini detector of the COHERENT collaboration employs large-mass, low-noise, high-purity germanium spectrometers, enabling excellent energy resolution, and an analysis threshold of 1.5 keV electron-equivalent ionization energy. We observe a on-beam excess of 20.6$_{+7.1}^{-6.3}$ counts with a total exposure of 10.22 GWhkg and we reject the no-CEvNS hypothesis with 3.9 sigma significance. The result agrees with the predicted standard model of particle physics signal rate within 2 sigma., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

2. Accessing new physics with an undoped, cryogenic CsI CEvNS detector for COHERENT at the SNS

Author

Barbeau, P. S., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Conley, E., da Silva, V., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erlandson, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Ogoi, N., O'Reilly, J., Parno, D. S., Pérez-Loureiro, D., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Queen, J., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Stringer, M., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Sur, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zaalishvili, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We consider the potential for a 10-kg undoped cryogenic CsI detector operating at the Spallation Neutron Source to measure coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and its sensitivity to discover new physics beyond the standard model. Through a combination of increased event rate, lower threshold, and good timing resolution, such a detector would significantly improve on past measurements. We considered tests of several beyond-the-standard-model scenarios such as neutrino non-standard interactions and accelerator-produced dark matter. This detector's performance was also studied for relevant questions in nuclear physics and neutrino astronomy, namely the weak charge distribution of CsI nuclei and detection of neutrinos from a core-collapse supernova.

Published
2023

3. Measurement of the Electron-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on ${}^{127}$I with the COHERENT NaI$\nu$E detector

Author

An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Brown, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Germer, A. C., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mahoney, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Skuse, C., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zderic, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ${}^{127}$I with pion decay-at-rest neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy ($\leq$ 50 MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos of $9.2^{+2.1}_{-1.8} \times 10^{-40}$ cm$^2$. This corresponds to a value that is $\sim$41% lower than predicted using the MARLEY event generator with a measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution. In addition, the observed visible spectrum from charged-current scattering on $^{127}$I has been measured between 10 and 55 MeV, and the exclusive zero-neutron and one-or-more-neutron emission cross sections are measured to be $5.2^{+3.4}_{-3.1} \times 10^{-40}$ and $2.2^{+3.5}_{-2.2} \times 10^{-40}$ cm$^2$, respectively., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures

Published
2023
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4. Measurement of ${}^{nat}$Pb($\nu_e$,X$n$) production with a stopped-pion neutrino source

Author

COHERENT Collaboration, An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belling, S. W., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Brown, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Miller, K., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Using neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the COHERENT collaboration has studied the Pb($\nu_e$,X$n$) process with a lead neutrino-induced-neutron (NIN) detector. Data from this detector are fit jointly with previously collected COHERENT data on this process. A combined analysis of the two datasets yields a cross section that is $0.29^{+0.17}_{-0.16}$ times that predicted by the MARLEY event generator using experimentally-measured Gamow-Teller strength distributions, consistent with no NIN events at 1.8$\sigma$. This is the first inelastic neutrino-nucleus process COHERENT has studied, among several planned exploiting the high flux of low-energy neutrinos produced at the SNS., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, version accepted by Phys. Rev. D

Published
2022
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5. A COHERENT constraint on leptophobic dark matter using CsI data

Author

COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliot, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kupman, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, W. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We use data from the COHERENT CsI[Na] scintillation detector to constrain sub-GeV leptophobic dark matter models. This detector was built to observe low-energy nuclear recoils from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. These capabilities enable searches for dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source mediated by a vector portal particle with masses between 2 and 400 MeV/c$^2$. No evidence for dark matter is observed and a limit on the mediator coupling to quarks is placed. This constraint improves upon previous results by two orders of magnitude. This newly explored parameter space probes the region where the dark matter relic abundance is explained by leptophobic dark matter when the mediator mass is roughly twice the dark matter mass. COHERENT sets the best constraint on leptophobic dark matter at these masses.

Published
2022

6. The COHERENT Experimental Program

Author

Akimov, D., Alawabdeh, S., An, P., Arteaga, A., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Barry, C., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bock, C., Bodur, B., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Bracho, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Daughtry, J., Day, E., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galambos, J., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gilbert, C., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. R., Harris, B., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Henderson, R., Hoang, D., Hughes, C., Hughes, M., Iverson, E., Jairam, P., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Kaufman, L., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Koros, J., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., McGoldrick, O., McIntyre, M., Melikyan, Y. A., Mishra, M., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penne, A., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C., Radford, D., Rahman, F., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Ross, J., Rouzky, A., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Siehien, P., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Steele, J., Hjelmstad, A. Strasbaugh, Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Trotter, S., Tsai, F., Tsai, Y. -T., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E., Varner, R. L., Vasquez, S., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Wang, J., Ward, E. M., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Wu, D., Yang, J., Yang, Y., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zhang, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The COHERENT experiment located in Neutrino Alley at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has made the world's first two measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), on CsI and argon, using neutrinos produced at the SNS. The COHERENT collaboration continues to pursue CEvNS measurements on various targets as well as additional studies of inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, searches for accelerator-produced dark matter (DM) and physics beyond the Standard Model, using the uniquely high-quality and high-intensity neutrino source available at the SNS. This white paper describes primarily COHERENT's ongoing and near-future program at the SNS First Target Station (FTS). Opportunities enabled by the SNS Second Target Station (STS) for the study of neutrino physics and development of novel detector technologies are elaborated in a separate white paper., Comment: 38 papers, 24 figures; Snowmass contribution

Published
2022

7. Measurement of the ($\pi^-$, Ar) total hadronic cross section at the LArIAT experiment

Author

Gramellini, E., Ho, J., Acciarri, R., Adams, C., Asaadi, J., Backfish, M., Badgett, W., Baller, B., Basque, V., Rodrigues, O. Benevides, Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Bouabid, R., Bromberg, C., Carey, R., Fernandez, R. Castillo, Cavanna, F., Aleman, J. I. Cevallos, Chatterjee, A., Dedin, P., Santos, M. V. dos, Edmunds, D., Escobar, C., Esquivel, J., Evans, J. J., Falcone, A., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B. T., Foreman, W., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gastler, D., Ghosh, T., Gomes, R. A., Gran, R., Gratieri, D. R., Guzowski, P., Hahn, A., Hamilton, P., Hill, C., Holin, A., Hugon, J., Iwai, E., Jensen, D., Johnson, R. A., Kawai, H., Kearns, E., Kemp, E., Kirby, M., Kobilarcik, T., Kordosky, M., Kryczynski, P., Lang, K., Linehan, R., Lockwitz, S., Luo, X., Machado, A. A. B., Marchionni, A., Maruyama, T., Santos, L. Mendes, Metcalf, W., Moura, C. A., Nichol, R., Nutini, I., Olivier, A., Palamara, O., Paley, J., Parmaksiz, I., Gelli, B. Passarelli, Paulucci, L., Phan, D., Pulliam, G., Raaf, J . L., Rebel, B., Guzzo, M. Reggiani, Ross-Lonergan, M., Nunes, M. Soares, Schmitz, D. W., Segreto, E., Shooltz, D., Smith, D., Soderberg, M., Soubasis, B., Spagliardi, F., John, J. M. St., Stancari, M., Stefan, D., Stephens, M., Sulej, R., Szelc, A. M., Tabata, M., Totani, D., Tzanov, M., Walker, D., Wenzel, H., Williams, Z., Yang, T., Yu, J., Zhang, S., and Zhu, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the negative pion total hadronic cross section on argon, which we performed at the Liquid Argon In A Testbeam (LArIAT) experiment. All hadronic reaction channels, as well as hadronic elastic interactions with scattering angle greater than 5~degrees are included. The pions have a kinetic energies in the range 100-700~MeV and are produced by a beam of charged particles impinging on a solid target at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. LArIAT employs a 0.24~ton active mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) to measure the pion hadronic interactions. For this measurement, LArIAT has developed the ``thin slice method", a new technique to measure cross sections with LArTPCs. While generally higher than the prediction, our measurement of the ($\pi^-$,Ar) total hadronic cross section is in agreement with the prediction of the Geant4 model when considering a model uncertainty of $\sim$5.1\%., Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted by PRD

Published
2021
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8. LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report

Author

LEGEND Collaboration, Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G. R., Avignone III, F. T., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K. H., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y. -D., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R. J., Costa, I. A., D'Andrea, V., Detwiler, J. A., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M. R., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Yu., Elliott, S. R., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M. T., Ferella, F., Fields, D. E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K. P., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C. R., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M. Ibrahim, Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L. L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., López-Castaño, J. M., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R. D., Martin, E. L., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C. J., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T. K., Gann, G. Orebi, Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L. S., Pelczar, K., Perez, J. Perez, Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramachers, Y. A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N. W., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D. J., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D. C., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shaflee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J. A., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R. R., Sweigart, D. A., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., von Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J. C., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V. H. -S., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A. -K., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.

Published
2021

9. The Liquid Argon In A Testbeam (LArIAT) Experiment

Author

LArIAT Collaboration, Acciarri, R., Adams, C. J., Asaadi, J., Backfish, M., Badgett, W., Baller, B., Rodrigues, O. Benevides, Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Bouabid, R., Bromberg, C., Carey, R., Fernandez, R. Castillo, Cavanna, F., Aleman, J. I. Cevallos, Chatterjee, A., Neto, P. Dedin, Santos, M. V. Dos, Dytman, S., Edmunds, D., Elkins, M., Escobar, C. O., Esquivel, J., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Farbin, A., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B., Foreman, W., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gastler, D., Ghosh, T., Gomes, R. A., Gramellini, E., Gran, R., Guzowski, P., Habig, A., Hahn, A., Hamilton, P., Hill, C., Ho, J., Holin, A., Hugon, J., Iwai, E., Jensen, D., Johnson, R. A., Jostlein, H., Kawai, H., Kearns, E., Kemp, E., Kirby, M., Kobilarcik, T., Kordosky, M., Kryczynski, P., Lang, K., Linehan, R., Lockwitz, S., Luo, X., Machado, A. A. B., Marchionni, A., Maruyama, T., Santos, L. Mendes, Metcalf, W., Moura, C. A., Nichol, R., Nutini, I., Olivier, A., Palamara, O., Paley, J., Parmaksiz, I., Gelli, B. Passarelli, Paulucci, L., Phan, D., Pulliam, G., Raaf, J. L., Rebel, B., Guzzo, M. Reggiani, Ross-Lonergan, M., Schmitz, D., Sessumes, D., Shahsavarani, S., Shooltz, D., Segreto, E., Smith, D., Nunes, M. Soares, Soderberg, M., Soubasis, B., Spagliardi, F., John, J. M. St., Stancari, M., Stefan, D., Stephens, M., Sulej, R., Szelc, A., Tabata, M., Totani, D., Tzanov, M., Valdiviesso, G., Walker, D., Wenzel, H., Williams, Z., Yang, T., Yu, J., Zeller, G., Zhang, S., and Zhu, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The LArIAT liquid argon time projection chamber, placed in a tertiary beam of charged particles at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, has collected large samples of pions, muons, electrons, protons, and kaons in the momentum range 300-1400 MeV/c. This paper describes the main aspects of the detector and beamline, and also reports on calibrations performed for the detector and beamline components.

Published
2019
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10. Calorimetry for low-energy electrons using charge and light in liquid argon

Author

Foreman, W., Acciarri, R., Asaadi, J. A., Badgett, W., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Bouabid, R., Bromberg, C., Carey, R., Cavanna, F., Aleman, J. I. Cevallos, Chatterjee, A., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B. T., Garcia-Gomez, D., Gelli, B., Ghosh, T., Gomes, R. A., Gramellini, E., Gran, R., Hamilton, P., Hill, C., Ho, J., Hugon, J., Iwai, E., Kearns, E., Kemp, E., Kobilarcik, T., Kordosky, M., Kryczynski, P., Lang, K., Linehan, R., Machado, A. A. B., Maruyama, T., Metcalf, W., Moura, C. A., Nichol, R., Nunes, M., Nutini, I., Olivier, A., Palamara, O., Paley, J., Paulucci, L., Pulliam, G., Raaf, J. L., Rebel, B., Rodrigues, O., Santos, L. Mendes, Schmitz, D. W., Segreto, E., Smith, D., Soderberg, M., Spagliardi, F., John, J. M. St., Stancari, M., Szelc, A. M., Tzanov, M., Walker, D., Williams, Z., Yang, T., Yu, J., and Zhang, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Precise calorimetric reconstruction of 5-50 MeV electrons in liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs) will enable the study of astrophysical neutrinos in DUNE and could enhance the physics reach of oscillation analyses. Liquid argon scintillation light has the potential to improve energy reconstruction for low-energy electrons over charge-based measurements alone. Here we demonstrate light-augmented calorimetry for low-energy electrons in a single-phase LArTPC using a sample of Michel electrons from decays of stopping cosmic muons in the LArIAT experiment at Fermilab. Michel electron energy spectra are reconstructed using both a traditional charge-based approach as well as a more holistic approach that incorporates both charge and light. A maximum-likelihood fitter, using LArIAT's well-tuned simulation, is developed for combining these quantities to achieve optimal energy resolution. A sample of isolated electrons is simulated to better determine the energy resolution expected for astrophysical electron-neutrino charged-current interaction final states. In LArIAT, which has very low wire noise and an average light yield of 18 pe/MeV, an energy resolution of $\sigma/E \simeq 9.3\%/\sqrt{E} \oplus 1.3\%$ is achieved. Samples are then generated with varying wire noise levels and light yields to gauge the impact of light-augmented calorimetry in larger LArTPCs. At a charge-readout signal-to-noise of S/N $\simeq$ 30, for example, the energy resolution for electrons below 40 MeV is improved by $\approx$ 10%, $\approx$ 20%, and $\approx$ 40% over charge-only calorimetry for average light yields of 10 pe/MeV, 20 pe/MeV, and 100 pe/MeV, respectively.

Published
2019
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11. Accessing new physics with an undoped, cryogenic CsI CEvNS detector for COHERENT at the SNS

Author

Barbeau, P. S., primary, Belov, V., additional, Bernardi, I., additional, Bock, C., additional, Bolozdynya, A., additional, Bouabid, R., additional, Browning, J., additional, Cabrera-Palmer, B., additional, Conley, E., additional, da Silva, V., additional, Daughhetee, J., additional, Detwiler, J., additional, Ding, K., additional, Durand, M. R., additional, Efremenko, Y., additional, Elliott, S. R., additional, Erlandson, A., additional, Fabris, L., additional, Febbraro, M., additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A., additional, Green, M. P., additional, Hakenmüller, J., additional, Heath, M. R., additional, Hedges, S., additional, Johnson, B. A., additional, Johnson, T., additional, Khromov, A., additional, Konovalov, A., additional, Kozlova, E., additional, Kumpan, A., additional, Kyzylova, O., additional, Link, J. M., additional, Liu, J., additional, Major, A., additional, Mann, K., additional, Markoff, D. M., additional, Mattingly, J., additional, Mueller, P. E., additional, Newby, J., additional, Ogoi, N., additional, O’Reilly, J., additional, Parno, D. S., additional, Pérez-Loureiro, D., additional, Penttila, S. I., additional, Pershey, D., additional, Prior, C. G., additional, Queen, J., additional, Rapp, R., additional, Ray, H., additional, Razuvaeva, O., additional, Reyna, D., additional, Rich, G. C., additional, Rudik, D., additional, Runge, J., additional, Salvat, D. J., additional, Sander, J., additional, Scholberg, K., additional, Shakirov, A., additional, Simakov, G., additional, Snow, W. M., additional, Sosnovtsev, V., additional, Stringer, M., additional, Subedi, T., additional, Suh, B., additional, Sur, B., additional, Tayloe, R., additional, Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., additional, Tsai, Y.-T., additional, Vanderwerp, J., additional, van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., additional, Varner, R. L., additional, Virtue, C. J., additional, Visser, G., additional, Walkup, K., additional, Ward, E. M., additional, Wongjirad, T., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yu, C.-H., additional, and Zaalishvili, A., additional

Published
2024
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12. Measurement of Electron-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on I127 with the COHERENT NaIνE Detector

Author

An, P., primary, Awe, C., additional, Barbeau, P. S., additional, Becker, B., additional, Belov, V., additional, Bernardi, I., additional, Bock, C., additional, Bolozdynya, A., additional, Bouabid, R., additional, Brown, A., additional, Browning, J., additional, Cabrera-Palmer, B., additional, Cervantes, M., additional, Conley, E., additional, Daughhetee, J., additional, Detwiler, J., additional, Ding, K., additional, Durand, M. R., additional, Efremenko, Y., additional, Elliott, S. R., additional, Fabris, L., additional, Febbraro, M., additional, Gallo Rosso, A., additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A., additional, Germer, A. C., additional, Green, M. P., additional, Hakenmüller, J., additional, Heath, M. R., additional, Hedges, S., additional, Hughes, M., additional, Johnson, B. A., additional, Johnson, T., additional, Khromov, A., additional, Konovalov, A., additional, Kozlova, E., additional, Kumpan, A., additional, Kyzylova, O., additional, Li, L., additional, Link, J. M., additional, Liu, J., additional, Mahoney, M., additional, Major, A., additional, Mann, K., additional, Markoff, D. M., additional, Mastroberti, J., additional, Mattingly, J., additional, Mueller, P. E., additional, Newby, J., additional, Parno, D. S., additional, Penttila, S. I., additional, Pershey, D., additional, Prior, C. G., additional, Rapp, R., additional, Ray, H., additional, Raybern, J., additional, Razuvaeva, O., additional, Reyna, D., additional, Rich, G. C., additional, Ross, J., additional, Rudik, D., additional, Runge, J., additional, Salvat, D. J., additional, Sander, J., additional, Scholberg, K., additional, Shakirov, A., additional, Simakov, G., additional, Sinev, G., additional, Skuse, C., additional, Snow, W. M., additional, Sosnovtsev, V., additional, Subedi, T., additional, Suh, B., additional, Tayloe, R., additional, Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., additional, Tsai, Y.-T., additional, Ujah, E., additional, Vanderwerp, J., additional, van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., additional, Varner, R. L., additional, Virtue, C. J., additional, Visser, G., additional, Walkup, K., additional, Ward, E. M., additional, Wongjirad, T., additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yu, C.-H., additional, Zawada, A., additional, Zettlemoyer, J., additional, and Zderic, A., additional

Published
2023
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13. Measurement of Pbnat(νe,Xn) production with a stopped-pion neutrino source

Author

An, P., primary, Awe, C., additional, Barbeau, P. S., additional, Becker, B., additional, Belling, S. W., additional, Belov, V., additional, Bernardi, I., additional, Bock, C., additional, Bolozdynya, A., additional, Bouabid, R., additional, Brown, A., additional, Browning, J., additional, Cabrera-Palmer, B., additional, Cervantes, M., additional, Conley, E., additional, Daughhetee, J., additional, Detwiler, J., additional, Ding, K., additional, Durand, M. R., additional, Efremenko, Y., additional, Elliott, S. R., additional, Fabris, L., additional, Febbraro, M., additional, Gallo Rosso, A., additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A., additional, Green, M. P., additional, Hakenmüller, J., additional, Heath, M. R., additional, Hedges, S., additional, Hughes, M., additional, Johnson, B. A., additional, Johnson, T., additional, Khromov, A., additional, Konovalov, A., additional, Kozlova, E., additional, Kumpan, A., additional, Kyzylova, O., additional, Li, L., additional, Link, J. M., additional, Liu, J., additional, Major, A., additional, Mann, K., additional, Markoff, D. M., additional, Mastroberti, J., additional, Mattingly, J., additional, Miller, K., additional, Mueller, P. E., additional, Newby, J., additional, Parno, D. S., additional, Penttila, S. I., additional, Pershey, D., additional, Prior, C. G., additional, Rapp, R., additional, Ray, H., additional, Raybern, J., additional, Razuvaeva, O., additional, Reyna, D., additional, Rich, G. C., additional, Ross, J., additional, Rudik, D., additional, Runge, J., additional, Salvat, D. J., additional, Salyapongse, A. M., additional, Sander, J., additional, Scholberg, K., additional, Shakirov, A., additional, Simakov, G., additional, Sinev, G., additional, Snow, W. M., additional, Sosnovtsev, V., additional, Subedi, T., additional, Suh, B., additional, Tayloe, R., additional, Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., additional, Ujah, E., additional, Vanderwerp, J., additional, van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., additional, Varner, R. L., additional, Virtue, C. J., additional, Visser, G., additional, Walkup, K., additional, Ward, E. M., additional, Wongjirad, T., additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yu, C.-H., additional, and Zettlemoyer, J., additional

Published
2023
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14. Measurement of the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ${}^{127}$I with the COHERENT NaI$ν$E detector

Author

An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Brown, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Germer, A. C., Green, M. P., Hakenmueller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mahoney, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Skuse, C., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zderic, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ${}^{127}$I with neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy ($\leq 50$ MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos produced at a pion decay-at-rest source of $9.2^{+2.1}_{-1.8}\times10^{-40}$ cm$^2$. This corresponds to a value that is $\sim$41% lower than predicted using the MARLEY event generator with a measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution. In addition, the observed visible spectrum from charged-current scattering on ${}^{127}$I has been measured between 10 and 55 MeV, and the exclusive zero-neutron and one-or-more-neutron emission cross sections are measured to be $5.12_{-3.1}^{+3.4} \times 10^{-40}\mbox{ cm}^2$ and $2.2_{-0.5}^{+0.4} \times 10^{-40}\mbox{ cm}^2$, respectively., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

Published
2023
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15. Measurement of the π− -Ar total hadronic cross section at the LArIAT experiment

Author

Gramellini, E., Ho, J., Acciarri, R., Adams, C., Asaadi, J., Backfish, M., Badgett, W., Baller, B., Basque, V., Rodrigues, O. Benevides, Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Bouabid, R., Bromberg, C., Carey, R., Fernandez, R. Castillo, Cavanna, F., Aleman, J. I. Cevallos, Chatterjee, A., Dedin, P., Santos, M. V. dos, Edmunds, D., Escobar, C., Esquivel, J., Evans, J. J., Falcone, A., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B. T., Foreman, W., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gastler, D., Ghosh, T., Gomes, R. A., Gran, R., Gratieri, D. R., Guzowski, P., Hahn, A., Hamilton, P., Hill, C., Holin, A., Hugon, J., Iwai, E., Jensen, D., Johnson, R. A., Kawai, H., Kearns, E., Kemp, E., Kirby, M., Kobilarcik, T., Kordosky, M., Kryczynski, P., Lang, K., Linehan, R., Lockwitz, S., Luo, X., Machado, A. A. B., Marchionni, A., Maruyama, T., Santos, L. Mendes, Metcalf, W., Moura, C. A., Nichol, R., Nutini, I., Olivier, A., Palamara, O., Paley, J., Parmaksiz, I., Gelli, B. Passarelli, Paulucci, L., Phan, D., Pulliam, G., Raaf, J . L., Rebel, B., Guzzo, M. Reggiani, Ross-Lonergan, M., Nunes, M. Soares, Schmitz, D. W., Segreto, E., Shooltz, D., Smith, D., Soderberg, M., Soubasis, B., Spagliardi, F., John, J. M. St., Stancari, M., Stefan, D., Stephens, M., Sulej, R., Szelc, A. M., Tabata, M., Totani, D., Tzanov, M., Walker, D., Wenzel, H., Williams, Z., Yang, T., Yu, J., Zhang, S., and Zhu, J.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the negative pion total hadronic cross section on argon, which we performed at the Liquid Argon In A Testbeam (LArIAT) experiment. All hadronic reaction channels, as well as hadronic elastic interactions with scattering angle greater than 5~degrees are included. The pions have a kinetic energies in the range 100-700~MeV and are produced by a beam of charged particles impinging on a solid target at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. LArIAT employs a 0.24~ton active mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) to measure the pion hadronic interactions. For this measurement, LArIAT has developed the ``thin slice method", a new technique to measure cross sections with LArTPCs. While generally higher than the prediction, our measurement of the ($\pi^-$,Ar) total hadronic cross section is in agreement with the prediction of the Geant4 model when considering a model uncertainty of $\sim$5.1\%., Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted by PRD

Published
2022

16. COHERENT constraint on leptophobic dark matter using CsI data

Author

Akimov, D., primary, An, P., additional, Awe, C., additional, Barbeau, P. S., additional, Becker, B., additional, Belov, V., additional, Bernardi, I., additional, Blackston, M. A., additional, Bock, C., additional, Bolozdynya, A., additional, Bouabid, R., additional, Browning, J., additional, Cabrera-Palmer, B., additional, Chernyak, D., additional, Conley, E., additional, Daughhetee, J., additional, Detwiler, J., additional, Ding, K., additional, Durand, M. R., additional, Efremenko, Y., additional, Elliott, S. R., additional, Fabris, L., additional, Febbraro, M., additional, Gallo Rosso, A., additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A., additional, Green, M. P., additional, Heath, M. R., additional, Hedges, S., additional, Hoang, D., additional, Hughes, M., additional, Johnson, B. A., additional, Johnson, T., additional, Khromov, A., additional, Konovalov, A., additional, Kozlova, E., additional, Kumpan, A., additional, Li, L., additional, Link, J. M., additional, Liu, J., additional, Major, A., additional, Mann, K., additional, Markoff, D. M., additional, Mastroberti, J., additional, Mattingly, J., additional, Mueller, P. E., additional, Newby, J., additional, Parno, D. S., additional, Penttila, S. I., additional, Pershey, D., additional, Prior, C., additional, Rapp, R., additional, Ray, H., additional, Razuvaeva, O., additional, Reyna, D., additional, Rich, G. C., additional, Ross, J., additional, Rudik, D., additional, Runge, J., additional, Salvat, D. J., additional, Salyapongse, A. M., additional, Sander, J., additional, Scholberg, K., additional, Shakirov, A., additional, Simakov, G., additional, Snow, W. M., additional, Sosnovstsev, V., additional, Suh, B., additional, Tayloe, R., additional, Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., additional, Tolstukhin, I., additional, Ujah, E., additional, Vanderwerp, J., additional, Varner, R. L., additional, Virtue, C. J., additional, Visser, G., additional, Wongjirad, T., additional, Yen, Y.-R., additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yu, C.-H., additional, and Zettlemoyer, J., additional

Published
2022
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18. LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report

Author

Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G., Avignone, F., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A., Barbeau, P., Barton, C., Barton, P., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C., Chu, P., Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R., Costa, I., D'Andrea, V., Detwiler, J., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M., Ferella, F., Fields, D., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K., Green, M., Grinyer, G., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D., Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M., Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L., Kornoukhov, V., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V., López-Castaño, J., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R., Martin, E., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T., Gann, G., Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L., Pelczar, K., Perez, J., Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D., Ramachers, Y., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shaflee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R., Sweigart, D., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., von Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C., Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A., Zuber, K., Zuzel, G., and LEGEND Collaboration

Subjects
LEGEND - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.

Published
2021

19. The Liquid Argon In A Testbeam (LArIAT) experiment

Author

Acciarri, R., primary, Adams, C., additional, Asaadi, J.A., additional, Backfish, M., additional, Badgett, W., additional, Baller, B., additional, Rodrigues, O. Benevides, additional, Blaszczyk, F.d.M., additional, Bouabid, R., additional, Bromberg, C., additional, Carey, R., additional, Fernandez, R. Castillo, additional, Cavanna, F., additional, Aleman, J.I. Cevallos, additional, Chatterjee, A., additional, Dedin, P., additional, Santos, M.V. dos, additional, Edmunds, D., additional, Elkins, M., additional, Escobar, C., additional, Esquivel, J., additional, Evans, J., additional, Falcone, A., additional, Farbin, A., additional, Flanagan, W., additional, Fleming, B.T., additional, Foreman, W., additional, Garcia-Gamez, D., additional, Gastler, D., additional, Ghosh, T., additional, Gomes, R.A., additional, Gramellini, E., additional, Gran, R., additional, Gratieri, D.R., additional, Guzowski, P., additional, Habig, A., additional, Hahn, A., additional, Hamilton, P., additional, Hill, C., additional, Ho, J., additional, Holin, A., additional, Hugon, J., additional, Iwai, E., additional, Jensen, D., additional, Johnson, R.A., additional, Jostlein, H., additional, Kawai, H., additional, Kearns, E., additional, Kemp, E., additional, Kirby, M., additional, Kobilarcik, T., additional, Kordosky, M., additional, Kryczyński, P., additional, Lang, K., additional, Linehan, R., additional, Lockwitz, S., additional, Luo, X., additional, Machado, A.A.B., additional, Marchionni, A., additional, Maruyama, T., additional, Santos, L. Mendes, additional, Metcalf, W., additional, Moura, C.A., additional, Nichol, R., additional, Nutini, I., additional, Olivier, A., additional, Palamara, O., additional, Paley, J., additional, Parmaksiz, I., additional, Gelli, B. Passarelli, additional, Paulucci, L., additional, Phan, D., additional, Pulliam, G., additional, Raaf, J.L., additional, Rebel, B., additional, Guzzo, M. Reggiani, additional, Ross-Lonergan, M., additional, Nunes, M. Soares, additional, Schmitz, D. W., additional, Segreto, E., additional, Sessumes, D., additional, Shahsavarani, S., additional, Shooltz, D., additional, Smith, D., additional, Soderberg, M., additional, Soubasis, B., additional, Spagliardi, F., additional, John, J.M. St., additional, Stancari, M., additional, Stefan, D., additional, Stephens, M., additional, Sulej, R., additional, Szelc, A.M., additional, Tabata, M., additional, Totani, D., additional, Tzanov, M., additional, Valdiviesso, G.A., additional, Walker, D., additional, Wenzel, H., additional, Williams, Z., additional, Yang, T., additional, Yu, J., additional, Zeller, G.P., additional, Zhang, S., additional, and Zhu, J., additional

Published
2020
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22. Optimization of the deficit irrigation management for strawberry production in the Loukkos region

Author

Elmidaoui Kenza, Abouabdillah Aziz, Fagroud Mustapha, and Bouabid Rachid

Subjects
deficit irrigation, irrigation management, strawberry, berries, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The Moroccan red fruit sector has undergone remarkable development over the last decade, driven by the increase in demand from international markets and promoted by the national agricultural strategy. However, this development calls for the sustainability of water resources, especially in the current context of climate change which makes the future availability of water uncertain. In this sense, deficit irrigation (DI) is one of the promising techniques to improve the efficiency of crop water use. Strawberry is one of the most sensitive red fruits to water deficit. Sufficient and correct irrigation is critical to successful production. Therefore, growers often bring in quantities that exceed the needs of the crop, especially in areas where the cost of water is relatively negligible. In this paper, we studied the response of the two strawberry varieties (Sabrina, Victory) to four water treatments ranging from 50% to 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The two varieties differed significantly in yield and water consumption, with significant reductions in yield under DI treatments (50%ETc) for Sabrina. However, the fully irrigated treatment (100% ETc), and the DI treatments (75% and 50% ETc) did not show significant differences in yield for Victory.

Published
2024
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23. The impact of 'continuous' deficit irrigation on carrot crop development in the Saïs plain, Morocco

Author

El Bergui Omnia, Fagroud Mustapha, Bouabid Rachid, Brouziyne Youssef, Bourioug Mohamed, and Abouabdillah Aziz

Subjects
carrot, continuous deficit irrigation, water dose, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

In the Maghreb, as in many arid and semi-arid zones, water resources are vulnerable to climatic variations, for which reason various scientific studies are being conducted in an attempt to face these changes while maintaining the yield potential of crops. The aim of the following paper is to evaluate the impact of continuous deficit irrigation (CDI) on the carrot (Daucus Carota L.) crop. A complete randomized block design (CRBD) involving five treatments and four repetitions was adopted for this experimental design. The studied treatments are: T1(125% ETc), T2(100% ETc), T3(85% ETc), T4 (75% ETc) and T5 (66% ETc). Vegetative, biochemical, and yield parameters were measured to identify carrot response and provide optimal water management for deficit irrigation on carrot. Irrigation at 125% ETc achieved the highest yield (59 tons/ha). However, in terms of yield, treatment (T1) was not significantly different from (T2) nor (T3). Meanwhile, the 66% ETc water deficit treatment (T5) showed remarkable decreases in yield. This means that even when providing more water it does not increase the yield meaning that the plant does not use the given water but instead, it is lost and on the other hand a 15% water deficit did not significantly impact the yield.

Published
2024
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24. Productivity and water saving of ‘Fortune’ plum under different water regimes

Author

Radi Soukaina, Abouabdillah Aziz, Asfers Adil, Bourioug Mohamed, Fagroud Mustapha, Bouabid Rachid, and El-Bergui Omnia

Subjects
deficit irrigation, sustainable deficit irrigation, plum crop, mediterranean climate, water productivity, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This study was conducted over four consecutive years (2015-2018) in the Sefrou region of Morocco, between Sais and the Middle Atlas Mountains. The goal of the study was to assess how plum trees respond to three different irrigation strategies: a normal supply of water (T2) to meet 100% of crop water needs; an irrigation deficit (T1) that provides only 75% of the water needs; and an additional water supply of 25% (T3) above the crop needs. The study found that deficient irrigation (T1) had no significant effect on plum yield or average fruit weight at harvest, but an excess water supply of 25% (T3) over the requirements (T2) resulted in higher yields and average fruit weight than the control. T3 also showed an increase in fruit size at harvest compared to the control, but not in T1 compared to T2. However, the excess water input for T3 did not justify the excess yield in terms of water use efficiency (WUE). On the other hand, T1 maintained the same level of production as the control while saving water, which resulted in a higher WUE compared to T2 and T3..

Published
2024
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25. Low-cost IoT-based monitoring system for precision agriculture

Author

Ibn Dahou Idrissi Amine, Abouabdillah Aziz, Chikhaoui Mohamed, and Bouabid Rachid

Subjects
internet of things, wireless sensor network, automation, low-cost sensors, data analysis, monitoring system, cloud, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The increasing impact of climate change on agriculture necessitates advanced monitoring and management of environmental conditions to ensure sustainable agricultural productivity. This paper introduces a cost-effective, Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart monitoring system designed to provide real-time insights into soil moisture levels and weather conditions across various segments of a single agricultural plot. The system comprises autonomous wireless sensor nodes, a comprehensive weather station, and a centralized base station that collectively capture, process, and relay environmental data to a user-friendly mobile application. Our empirical results demonstrate that this system not only facilitates efficient environmental data monitoring and analysis but also empowers farmers with actionable intelligence for timely decision-making. The proposed model showcases a promising avenue for enhancing agricultural resilience and productivity through technology-driven precision farming.

Published
2024
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26. Assessing Climate Change and Water Resource Management Worldwide with the SWAT Model: A Comprehensive Review

Author

Moumane Ikram, Abouabdillah Aziz, Chikhaoui Mohamed, Brouziyne Youssef, and Bouabid Rachid

Subjects
climate change, swat, conservation strategies, sediment yields, hydrological modeling, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) across different watershed scales, from small to large, under a variety of climate conditions, aiming to quantify and mitigate the impacts of climate change on watershed hydrology and water resources. Additionally, the paper explores the development of conservation strategies for water and soil, aimed at managing both water and sediment yields effectively. By examining research at international, national, and regional levels, with a particular focus on climate change projections for Morocco, this review critically assesses the SWAT model’s operational framework, including its inputs and outputs. The operational intricacies of the SWAT model are dissected to understand its utility in hydrological modeling, emphasizing its role in climate change assessment. Through this examination, the paper highlights the expanding application of SWAT in water resource assessments globally, demonstrating its significance in understanding and addressing the challenges posed by climate change on hydrological systems worldwide.

Published
2024
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28. Ecology of the Scedosporium apiospermum species complex and species distribution in Morocco

Author

Mouhajir, A, Zouhair, Rachid, Angebault, Cécile, Jacob, S., Giraud, Sandrine, Bouabid, R., Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques (BPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2014

32. Investigation of the Response of onion (Allium Cepa L.) to continuous deficit irrigation as smart approaches to crop irrigation under Mediterranean conditions

Author

Abouabdillah Aziz, El Bergui Omnia, Bouabid Rachid, Bourioug Mohamed, Brouzyine Youssef, El Jaouhari Nabil, and Bouaziz Ahmed

Subjects
continuous deficit irrigation, onion, crop coefficient, available water content, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Water is a crucial resource for food production and its scarcity associated with frequent droughts has increased the need for a more efficient use of it along with new irrigation management technologies. This study addressed onion crop responses to continuous deficit irrigation with trigging thresholds of readily available water content. The experiment was conducted on an experimental plot in open field in Morocco. Three water regimes were applied T1 control (100%), T2 (75%) and T3 (50%) of crop evapotranspiration ETc combined with two trigging thresholds (10% and 5%). This is a complete random block device with four repetitions. The measurements concerned the monitoring of vegetative, Eco physiological and yield parameters. The results obtained show that: (i) 100% ETc irrigation at a threshold of 5% of RAW recorded the maximum bulb diameter and weight, thus achieving the best marketable bulb yields. However, in terms of yields, this treatment is not significantly different from the other irrigation regimes with the exception of the irrigated treatment at 50% daily ETc and at a threshold of 10% RAW. The latter recorded the lowest values in terms of production parameters. (ii) For the ecophysiological parameters, significant effects of irrigation dose were observed for proline content, stomatal conductance and leaf temperature, and the effect of the trigging threshold was clearly observed for the moisture content of the leaves. (iii) Water restrictions have minimized the rate of premature run and population density of Thrips tabaci in the onion. (iv) Finally, the best agronomic efficiencies in the use of irrigation water were recorded in treatments with a water restriction of 50%.

Published
2022
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33. Advancing knowledge about restricted irrigation strategies on commercial peach plantation under Mediterranean condition

Author

Abouabdillah Aziz, Radi Soukaina, Asfers Adil, Brouzyine Youssef, El Bergui Omnia, Bourioug Mohamed, Amlal Fouad, and Bouabid Rachid

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different restricted irrigation strategies on peach trees. Sustainable and regulated deficit irrigation treatments were applied during the 2018/2019 production season in a commercial plot of “Bénédicte” variety located at the Atlas Mountain’s region of Morocco. Five different treatments were tested: T1, T2 and T3 with an application of respectively 125% (over-irrigation), 100% (control) and 75% (deficit-irrigation) of Crop Water Requirement (CWR) throughout the whole crop cycle; These treatments were classified under Sustainable Deficit Irrigation treatments (SDI). Regulated Deficit Irrigation treatments (RDI) comprising of treatments T4, and T5 which correspond respectively to applications of 75% ETc and 50% ETc during the pit hardening stage (PH), and 100% ETc during the rest of the cycle. The results showed that deficient irrigation treatments had no effect on vegetative growth parameters.A downward trend in average fruit weight and size at harvest was observed in the T3 treatment. A significant increase in sugar content was observed in T3 and T5 compared to the control T2. With regard to biochemical parameters, the deficient treatment (T5) recorded the highest proline content in response to water stress, followed by T3 and T4. Therewas no significant difference between the crop yields under SDI and RDI treatments, but T4 produced arelatively higher yield of 47 T/Haamong the treatments.Thisled to the water use efficiency (WUE) performance ranking: T3 with 10.63 kg/m3, T4 (75% PH) was in second place with a WUE of 9.6 kg/m3, finally T5 with an efficiency of 9.35 kg/m3.

Published
2022
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36. Agro-physiological response of potato to 'sustainable' deficit irrigation in the plain of Saïs, Morocco

Author

El Bergui Omnia, Abouabdillah Aziz, Bouabid Rachid, El Jaouhari Nabil, Brouziyne Youssef, and Bourioug Mohamed

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Morocco is one of the countries who’s facing an insufficient water supply for irrigation, therefore it is seeking for new technologies allowing irrigation management evolution. Deficit irrigation is for this reason one of the recommended approaches to deal with this alarming situation. This study deals with the assessment of Sustainable Deficit Irrigationon potatoes production (Var. Desiree). The experiment was conducted on an experimental plot in open field in Morocco. Three water regimes were applied: T1control (100%), T2 (75%) and T3 (50%) of crop evapotranspiration ETc. This is a complete random block device with four repetitions. Measurements focused on monitoring vegetative, ecophysiological and yield parameters. The results obtained show that: (i)the irrigation regime did not significantly affect the eco-physiological parameters nor the vegetative parameters, except for the height of the plants; (ii) in terms of yield, a deficit of less than 25% of ETc did not lead to a significant difference compared to the control treatment and reached 41, 17 tones/ha compared to the 100% ETc with 42, 51 t/ha; (iii) irrigated treatments at less than 50% of daily ETc revealed extreme yield loss (20, 96 Tonnes/ha);(iv) finally, the best agronomic water use efficiency was recorded for irrigated treatments at 75% of Etc.

Published
2020
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37. The Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta\beta$ Decay

Author

Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G. R., Avignone, F. T., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Laura Baudis, Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K. H., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y. -D, Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H, Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R. J., Costa, I. A., D Andrea, V., Detwiler, J. A., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M. R., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Yu, Elliott, S. R., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M. T., Ferella, F., Fields, D. E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K. P., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C. R., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M. Ibrahim, Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L. L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., López-Castaño, J. M., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R. D., Martin, E. L., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C. J., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T. K., Gann, G. Orebi, Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L. S., Pelczar, K., Perez, J. Perez, Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramachers, Y. A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N. W., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D. J., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D. C., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shaflee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J. A., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R. R., Sweigart, D. A., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J. C., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V. H. -S, Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C. -H, Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A. -K, Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.

39. The Liquid Argon In A Testbeam (LArIAT) Experiment

Author

M. Soderberg, T. Maruyama, E. Kearns, Z. Williams, M. Reggiani Guzzo, J. Hugon, W. Badgett, A. Falcone, H. Wenzel, J. Esquivel, B. Baller, A. M. Szelc, G. P. Zeller, Makoto Tabata, R. Carey, D. Gratieri, J. I. Cevallos Aleman, B. Rebel, Laura Paulucci, T. Kobilarcik, M. Kordosky, O. Benevides Rodrigues, W. Metcalf, E. Segreto, R. Gran, L. Mendes Santos, J. M. Paley, H. Jostlein, Michael H Kirby, Craig L. Hill, A. Holin, J. Asaadi, T. Ghosh, D. Totani, T. Yang, A. A. Machado, D. Phan, O. Palamara, F. Spagliardi, P. Dedin, R. Castillo Fernandez, J. St. John, A. Marchionni, M. V. Dos Santos, R. A. Johnson, D. Stefan, S. Shahsavarani, R. Sulej, Alec Habig, P. Kryczynski, B. Passarelli Gelli, M. Soares Nunes, M. Ross-Lonergan, P. M. Hamilton, S. Lockwitz, W. Foreman, M. Elkins, Daniel Gastler, J. Ho, R. Acciarri, D. Garcia-Gamez, Irene Nutini, G. Pulliam, Karol Lang, X. Luo, E. Kemp, C. Adams, D. Sessumes, P. Guzowski, W. Flanagan, R. J. Nichol, I. Parmaksiz, M. Tzanov, C. Bromberg, D. A. Jensen, B.T. Fleming, Amir Farbin, M. Stephens, Jong-Sung Yu, H. Kawai, R. Bouabid, J. J. Evans, A. Hahn, D. W. Schmitz, R. Linehan, R. A. Gomes, E. Gramellini, M. Backfish, Junjie Zhu, C. A. Moura, M. Stancari, D. Smith, D. Edmunds, D. Walker, J. L. Raaf, B. Soubasis, G. A. Valdiviesso, A. Olivier, F. Cavanna, E. Iwai, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, Carlos Escobar, D. Shooltz, S. Zhang, Animesh Chatterjee, Acciarri, R, Adams, C, Asaadi, J, Backfish, M, Badgett, W, Baller, B, Benevides Rodrigues, O, Blaszczyk, F, Bouabid, R, Bromberg, C, Carey, R, Castillo Fernandez, R, Cavanna, F, Cevallos Aleman, J, Chatterjee, A, Dedin, P, Dos Santos, M, Edmunds, D, Elkins, M, Escobar, C, Esquivel, J, Evans, J, Falcone, A, Farbin, A, Flanagan, W, Fleming, B, Foreman, W, Garcia-Gamez, D, Gastler, D, Ghosh, T, Gomes, R, Gramellini, E, Gran, R, Gratieri, D, Guzowski, P, Habig, A, Hahn, A, Hamilton, P, Hill, C, Ho, J, Holin, A, Hugon, J, Iwai, E, Jensen, D, Johnson, R, Jostlein, H, Kawai, H, Kearns, E, Kemp, E, Kirby, M, Kobilarcik, T, Kordosky, M, Kryczynski, P, Lang, K, Linehan, R, Lockwitz, S, Luo, X, Machado, A, Marchionni, A, Maruyama, T, Mendes Santos, L, Metcalf, W, Moura, C, Nichol, R, Nutini, I, Olivier, A, Palamara, O, Paley, J, Parmaksiz, I, Passarelli Gelli, B, Paulucci, L, Phan, D, Pulliam, G, Raaf, J, Rebel, B, Reggiani Guzzo, M, Ross-Lonergan, M, Soares Nunes, M, Schmitz, D, Segreto, E, Sessumes, D, Shahsavarani, S, Shooltz, D, Smith, D, Soderberg, M, Soubasis, B, Spagliardi, F, John, J, Stancari, M, Stefan, D, Stephens, M, Sulej, R, Szelc, A, Tabata, M, Totani, D, Tzanov, M, Valdiviesso, G, Walker, D, Wenzel, H, Williams, Z, Yang, T, Yu, J, Zeller, G, Zhang, S, and Zhu, J

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, double-phase), ionization, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, Particle tracking detectors, Time projection chambers, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Argon, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Charged particle, Particle tracking detector, chemistry, Beamline, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization), Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The LArIAT liquid argon time projection chamber, placed in a tertiary beam of charged particles at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, has collected large samples of pions, muons, electrons, protons, and kaons in the momentum range 0∼30-0140 MeV/c. This paper describes the main aspects of the detector and beamline, and also reports on calibrations performed for the detector and beamline components.

Published
2019
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40. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from soils with varying environmental conditions: Occurrence and function.

Author

Janati W, Bouabid R, Mikou K, Ghadraoui LE, and Errachidi F

Subjects
Soil, Bacteria, Agriculture, Soil Microbiology, Phosphates, Bacillus
Abstract

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is an advantageous way to supply phosphate (P) to plants. The Mediterranean climate of Morocco, especially the low-lying areas, is semi-arid with nutrient-depleted soils in which small-scale, low-income farmers dominate without access to expensive inorganic fertilizers. However, there is not a wide range of PSBs suitable for various agroecological situations. Furthermore, our understanding of the soil and climatic variables that influence their development is limited. This study aims to examine the impacts of specific environmental factors, such as climate and soil, on the abundance, potential, and diversity of PSBs in four agricultural regions of Morocco. To assess the possible impact of these factors on the P solubilization capacity of PSBs and plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, we analyzed the soil and climate of each sample studied. Similarly, we tested the P solubilization efficiency of the isolates. The bacteria were isolated in a National Botanical Research Institute's phosphate (NBRIP) agar medium. A total of 51 PSBs were studied in this work. The P-solubilization average of Rock P (RP) and Tricalcium P (TCP) of all strains that were isolated from each of the four regions ranged from 18.69 mg.L-1 to 40.43 mg.L-1 and from 71.71 mg.L-1 to 94.54 mg.L-1, respectively. The PGP traits of the isolated strains are positively correlated with the PSBs abundance and the sample characteristics (soil and climate). The morphological and biochemical characteristics of the strain allowed us to identify around nine different bacterial genera, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Rhizobium. The findings showed that bacterial communities, density, and potency are closely correlated to various edapho-climatic conditions such as temperature, precipitation, soil nutrient status, and soil texture. These findings could be used to improve an effective plant-PSBs system and increase agricultural output by taking into account their specific ecological traits and plant growth mechanisms., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Janati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2023
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41. Perspectives on COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccine Passports in a Diverse Urban Adolescent Population: A Youth Participatory Mixed Methods Study.

Author

McKinnon B, Abalovi K, Fortin G, Parvez M, Dalal S, Bouabid R, Jasmin D, Zéphrin M, Gupta N, Hasan AT, Andog-Naba Sebastien A, Taheem B, Dubé È, Tuong Nguyen C, Quach C, Vandermorris A, and Zinszer K

Subjects
Adolescent, Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines, Vaccination, Urban Population, COVID-19 prevention & control, Vaccines
Abstract

Purpose: Disparities in youth COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake have been documented in several countries, yet few studies have explored the attitudes and perceptions underlying vaccine-related decision-making among adolescent populations with unique sociocultural, environmental, and/or structural contexts that may influence vaccine uptake., Methods: This study used data from surveys and semistructured interviews collected between January and March 2022 as part of an ongoing community-based research project in two ethnoculturally diverse, lower income neighborhoods of Montreal, Canada. Youth researchers designed and conducted interviews with unvaccinated adolescents, and thematic analysis was employed to explore attitudes and perceptions underlying vaccine-related decisions and opinions about vaccine passports. Survey data were used to describe sociodemographic and psychological determinants of COVID-19 vaccination., Results: Among 315 survey participants aged 14-17 years, most (74%) were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Prevalence ranged from 57% among Black adolescents to 91% among South and/or Southeast Asian adolescents (34% difference, 95% confidence interval: 20-49). Qualitative and quantitative findings highlighted several misconceptions about the safety, effectiveness, and necessity of COVID-19 vaccines and adolescents' desire for trusted sources of information to address their concerns. Vaccine passports likely increased uptake, yet adolescents were strongly resistant to the policy, and for some, it may have fueled distrust of government and scientific institutions., Discussion: Strategies that increase the trustworthiness of institutions and foster genuine partnership with underserved youth may improve vaccine confidence and help ensure an effective, proequity recovery from COVID-19., (Copyright © 2023 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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42. Optimization of macronutrients for improved grain yield of quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Wild.) crop under semi-arid conditions of Morocco.

Author

Taaime N, El Mejahed K, Choukr-Allah R, Bouabid R, Oukarroum A, and El Gharous M

Abstract

In the context of climate change, quinoa represents a potential alternative crop for increasing crops diversity, agricultural productivity, and farmer's income in semi-arid regions. However, appropriate crop management practices under limited water supply are still poorly documented. Quinoa, like other cultivated crops, needs optimum quantities of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), for better growth and high grain yield. To determine the adequate levels of nutrient requirements and their effect on quinoa growth and productivity, a field experiment was conducted during two growing seasons (2020-2021 and 2021-2022). The experiment was conducted in Ben Guerir region, north-central Morocco, and consisted of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments studied consist of a combination of four N rates (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha -1 ), three P rates (0, 30, and 60 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ), and three K rates (0, 60, and 120 kg K 2 O ha -1 ). The physiological, nutritional, and production parameters of quinoa were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the highest total biomass (3.9 t ha -1 ) and grain yield (0.8 t ha -1 ) under semi-arid conditions were obtained with 40 kg N ha -1 , 60 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 , and 120 kg K 2 O ha -1 . The application of 40-60-120 kg ha -1 of N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O increased plant height by 44%, chlorophyll content index by 96%, total biomass by 134%, grain yield by 112%, and seed weight by 118%. Among the three macronutrients, N was the most limiting factor, followed by K and P. Nutrients uptake data showed that quinoa needs 60 kg N, 26 kg P 2 O 5 , and 205 kg K 2 O to produce 1 t of grain yield. Our field results provide future recommendations for improving the agronomic and environmental sustainability of quinoa cultivation in dryland areas in Morocco., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Taaime, El Mejahed, Choukr-Allah, Bouabid, Oukarroum and El Gharous.)

Published
2023
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43. Zn application through seed priming improves productivity and grain nutritional quality of silage corn.

Author

Choukri M, Abouabdillah A, Bouabid R, Abd-Elkader OH, Pacioglu O, Boufahja F, and Bourioug M

Abstract

The micronutrient application in agriculture takes place through soil application, foliar spraying or added as seed treatments. The latter method, the nutri-priming, is an appealing option due to the easiness in handling it, environment-friendly, cost effectiveness and efficient against multiple environmental stressors. To assess the feasibility of Zn-priming technique on seeds germination, two experiments were conducted and assessed the efficiency on the growth rate, yield and biofortification on the forage maize ( Zea mays L.). The first laboratory experiment assessed the effect of Zn-priming for three-time exposures (i.e., 8, 16 and 24 h) on germination parameters. The second experiment was done in a greenhouse, by using the 10 seeds obtained from 24 h priming. Five seed pretreatments were studied (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 11 2 % of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O)) compared to the recommended dose (5 ppm of Zn at 5-9 leaf stage) provided by soil application. The obtained results revealed that all seed priming, including hydro-priming, improve seed germination performance. Zn-priming increased the grain yield and helped to enrich the seeds in this element, especially seedlings treated with 0.5 % Zn sulphate for 24 h leading to an increase in yield by 47 % and in Zn content by 15 %. The comparison of the results from both techniques showed that Zn-priming could be was very effective than the traditional direct application in soil., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2022 The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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44. Influence of hydro- and osmo-priming on sunflower seeds to break dormancy and improve crop performance under water stress.

Author

Bourioug M, Ezzaza K, Bouabid R, Alaoui-Mhamdi M, Bungau S, Bourgeade P, Alaoui-Sossé L, Alaoui-Sossé B, and Aleya L

Subjects
Dehydration, Droughts, Germination, Humans, Seeds, Helianthus
Abstract

This study explored the effects of two hydro- and osmo-priming durations (8 and 16 h) on growth and yield components of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) under water stress. The pot experiment, performed under a rain shelter, consisted of 9 treatments replicated five times: unprimed seeds as control (C), hydro-primed seeds (T0), osmo-primed seeds in 10, 20, and 30% PEG-6000 (T1, T2, and T3, respectively). Severe water stress was applied for 12 days to all treatments at the beginning of the flowering stage. Statistical analysis revealed a very highly significant positive effect (p < 0.01) by all treatments on sunflower seed germination compared with the control. Moreover, primed seeds improved significantly for all growth parameters and yield components, but no significant differences were observed according to either priming technique or duration. The highest value of germination capacity, for fresh and dry biomasses, was obtained with PEG-primed seeds at 10% for 16 h. The grain number per anthodium and grain yield per plant from primed seeds were higher than those in the control (1.9- to 2.5-fold and 2.8- to 3.3-fold respectively). Under conditions of water stress, the proline content in primed plants was significantly higher than that in unprimed ones, with the exception of T3 treatment primed for 8 h. Soluble sugars and chlorophyll contents increased significantly with all applied treatments compared with the control. The study showed that the applied priming treatments improved germination characteristics in particular and increased growth and yield components for sunflowers under drought stress conditions.

Published
2020
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45. Potential vulnerability of Moroccan apple orchard to climate change-induced phenological perturbations: effects on yields and fruit quality.

Author

El Yaacoubi A, El Jaouhari N, Bourioug M, El Youssfi L, Cherroud S, Bouabid R, Chaoui M, and Abouabdillah A

Subjects
Climate Change, Flowers, Fruit, Morocco, Seasons, Temperature, Utah, Malus
Abstract

Climatic factors are of a big importance for the determination of phenological stages of several fruit tree species, including apple, during the pre- and post-blooming periods causing their modifications and consequently affecting the fruit quality and productivity. This study aimed to identify the important dormancy phases (chilling and forcing periods) involved in determination of the flowering time in Gala apple trees in order to estimate temperature and chill/heat requirements, useful to assess the effect of climatic factors and phenological modifications on apple productivity and quality. Phenological and climatic data (temperatures, rainfall, irrigation, chilling and heat requirements) were collected, calculated, and measured from orchard in Imouzzer-Kandar, Morocco. Fruit productivity and quality parameters (total yield, fruit weight, size, firmness, and sweetness) were measured. Results showed a prolonged chilling period basing on the pre-blooming phases identified using partial least squares regression. Inadequate chill during warm seasons (insufficient chilling requirements) induces some phenological perturbations: late flowering, extended flowering duration, and period from flowering to harvesting. These phenological anomalies affect negatively the fruit quality of apple as a cause of inadequate climatic factors, mainly temperature and chilling requirements during the chilling period. Our findings demonstrated that sufficient chilling and heat requirements correlate positively with fruit weight, size, and firmness, although the low irrigation applied during the period from flowering to the harvesting times. In unfavorable conditions, total yield and fruit sweetness could be improved by supplementary irrigation during the same period. Practically, chilling requirements of 645-677 chill hours, 709-1157 chill units, and 43.4-55.2 chill portions according to 0-7 °C, Utah model, and Dynamic model respectively and heat requirements of 26,290-27,057 growing degree hours are sufficient for good fruit quality. These are equivalent to temperature of 9.3-9.9 °C during the chilling period and 11.1-12.5 °C during the forcing period. These findings are useful for eventual management measures in order to improve apple production in their cropping area. At long terms, we propose necessity of rearrangement of high-chill apple varieties by low-chill cultivars as a way of apple crop adaptation to climate variations.

Published
2020
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46. Scedosporium species in soils from various biomes in Northwestern Morocco.

Author

Mouhajir A, Poirier W, Angebault C, Rahal E, Bouabid R, Bougnoux ME, Kobi A, Zouhair R, Bouchara JP, and Giraud S

Subjects
Ecology, Ecosystem, Humans, Morocco, Scedosporium pathogenicity, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Scedosporium genetics, Scedosporium isolation & purification
Abstract

Scedosporium species are opportunistic pathogens causing various infections, including disseminated infections in severely immunocompromised patients. Preventive measures aiming to reduce the risk of exposure to these fungi require a better knowledge on their ecology and on the sources of contamination of the patients. In this context, 99 soil samples from the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra and Fez-Meknes regions in Morocco were analyzed. Samples were inoculated on the highly selective Scedo-Select III culture medium, and seven chemical parameters of the soils were measured. Scedosporium species were detected in 48 of the samples, with the highest density in soils from wastewater treatment plants and landfills, followed by those from roadsides and polluted riverbanks, thus confirming the impact of human activities on their ecology. Scedosporium apiospermum was the most common species, followed by S. boydii and S. aurantiacum. Analysis of the chemical parameters of the soils revealed the presence of Scedosporium species was mainly associated with a moderate electrical conductivity, a pH range of 7.0 to 7.6, a nutrient-rich content and a moderate phosphorus amount. Thereby, these results demonstrated the relatively high occurrence of Scedosporium in Morocco and highlighted the impact of phosphorus content on their ecology., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2020
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47. Assessment of sustainable deficit irrigation in a Moroccan apple orchard as a climate change adaptation strategy.

Author

El Jaouhari N, Abouabdillah A, Bouabid R, Bourioug M, Aleya L, and Chaoui M

Abstract

This study was conducted over three consecutive years, 2015, 2016 and 2017, in the Imouzzer Kander region located in northwestern Morocco. The main objective is to evaluate apple tree responses to two sustainable deficit irrigation strategies with 75% (T2) and 50% (T3) of calculated crop evapotranspiration (ETc), compared to a control irrigated with 100% ETc (T1). During the three experiment years, estimated reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) was 630, 684 and 728 mm, respectively, in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Under the two restricted regimes, shoot length and fruit size evolution were not significantly affected. During the fruit set of 2017, no significant effects of sustainable deficit irrigation on the relative water content were observed, whereas they increased significantly during the fruit-swelling stage for the T3 treatment. Likewise, net CO 2 assimilation (A n ) was not affected by the irrigation dose, whereas it increased significantly and inversely proportional to the amount of applied water during fruit swelling. Thus, under our experimental conditions, the trees subjected to extreme deficit irrigation (T3) were not stressed at either stage. Moreover, deficit irrigation at 75% ETc increased apple yield significantly. In contrast, deficit irrigation at 50% ETc throughout the cycle was not enough to maintain an acceptable fruit size for the three studied campaigns. However, the best qualitative performance, notably for fruit firmness and sugar content, was attributed to this irrigation regime (T3)., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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