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4. The impact of climate change on the grapevine in the topoclimate of the Murfatlar wine center.

Author

Negraru (Tănase), Anamaria, Botu, M., Ranca, Aurora, Ciocan, Madalina Andreea, Dina, Ionica, and Beleniuc, G. V.

Subjects
WINES, GRAPE yields, CLIMATE change, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, TEMPERATURE measurements
Abstract

Excedentary, deficient or untimely reaching of the optimal thermal, insolation and water thresholds influences the passage of the vegetation phenophases of the varieties, always with negative implications in the quantitative and qualitative grape production. Our research team conducted studies on the main climatic elements recorded in the Murfatlar wine center during 1989-2018 and created a database on the succession of vegetation phenophases, in relation to climate change and the specificity of wine and table grapevine cultivars, between the years 2000-2019. Due to climate change, significant effects may be seen on grapevines, due to the interaction between climatic conditions specific to the Murfatlar vineyard, the effect of increased CO2 on photosynthesis, and the genetic resistance of plants. The analysis of the climatic elements carried out over a period of 30 years (1989-2018) shows an increase in temperatures during the winter and during the vegetation period, the four seasons being no longer very well defined. By analyzing the development of the vegetation phenophases in the Murfatlar Wine Center during the 20 studied years, the following can be observed: budburst takes place throughout April for all the studied cultivars; flowering begins in the last decade of May and early June, depending on the cultivar and the recorded temperatures; harvest for the early ripening varieties begins in the second half of July, for the medium ripening varieties in August, and for the late ripening varieties in September; full maturity is usually achieved one month after harvest, depending on the characteristics of each variety; harvesting takes place when the grapes have reached the sugar concentration and acidity necessary to obtain quality wines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

8. BEHAVIOUR OF SOME WALNUT, HAZELNUT AND SWEET CHESTNUT CULTIVARS UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS FROM SOUTH OF ROMANIA

Author

Botu, M., Vicol, A., Botu, I., Preda, S., Achim, G., and Giorgota, A.

Subjects
lcsh:Agriculture, assortment, Jugans regia, Castanea sativa, lcsh:S, lcsh:Agriculture (General), Corylus avellana, lcsh:S1-972
Abstract

The nut crops are important for their valuable fruits and for their potential to increase the economic growth of Romania. The Southern part of Romania which includes the regions of Oltenia and Muntenia is known for its favourable conditions for fruit growing and in particular for nut crops like walnut, hazelnut and sweet chestnut. During the last two decades at University of Craiova - SCDP Vâlcea several cultivars trials were set up in order to compare the Romanian and foreign cultivars and to establish the most favourable ones for culture in this part of the country. This study presents the behaviour of 19 walnut cultivars (9 Romanian ones and 10 of foreignorigin), 19 hazelnut cultivars (8 Romanian and 11 foreign ones) and 11 cultivars and hybrids of sweet chestnut (3 Romanian and 8 of foreign origin). Due to the results obtained several cultivars of walnut, hazelnut and sweet chestnut are recommended to be propagated and planted into the orchards from southern part of Romania.

Published
2012

14. Molecular characterization of old local grapevine varieties from South East European countries

Author

Žulj Mihaljević, Maja, Šimon, Silvio, Pejić, Ivan, Carka, F., Kojić, Agan, Gaši, Fuad, Tomić, Lidija, Jovanović Cvetković, T., Maletić, Edi, Preiner, Darko, Božinović, S., Cornea, V., Maraš, Vesna, Tomić Mugoša, M., Botu, M., Popa, A., and Beleski, Klime

Subjects
Vitis vinifera, microsatellites, genotyping, South East European germplasm
Abstract

South East European (SEE) viticulture partially relies on native grapevine varieties, previously scarcely described. In order to characterize old local grapevine varieties and assess the level of synonymy and genetic diversity from SEE countries, we described and genotyped 122 accessions from Albania, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Republika Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and Romania on nine most commonly used microsatellite loci. As a result of the study a total of 86 different genotypes were identified. All loci were very polymorphic and a total of 96 alleles were detected, ranging from 8 to 14 alleles per locus, with an average allele number of 10.67. Overall observed heterozygosity was 0.759 and slightly lower than expected (0.789) while gene diversity per locus varied between 0.600 (VVMD27) and 0.906 (VVMD28). Eleven cases of synonymy and three of homonymy have been recorded for samples harvested from different countries. Cultivars with identical genotypes were mostly detected between neighboring countries. No clear differentiation between countries was detected although several specific alleles were detected. The integration of the obtained genetic data with ampelographic ones is very important for accurate identification of the SEE cultivars and provides a significant tool in cultivar preservation and utilization.

Published
2013

17. Torymus sinensis: biology, host range and hybridization

Author

Radócz, L., Botu, M., Bolvanský, M., Quacchia, A., Moriya, S., Askew, R., Schonrogge, K., Radócz, L., Botu, M., Bolvanský, M., Quacchia, A., Moriya, S., Askew, R., and Schonrogge, K.

Abstract

Torymus sinensis is a parasitoid of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus, introduced as a biological control agent into Japan, USA, and since 2005, into Europe. Although its effectiveness in controlling the pest was confirmed, some important aspects of its biology, including risks to non-target species, are still unknown or at most scarcely investigated. The results of the present study address an important aspect of the life-cycle of T. sinensis: the existence of extended diapause. Behavioural experiments confirm high levels of host specificity by the parasitoid and suggest that interbreeding with native Torymus species is highly unlikely.

Published
2014

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