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Yellow Fever (YF), a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by yellow fever virus (YFV), remains endemic in tropical Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. The 17D live-attenuated vaccine has significantly reduced YF incidence with minimal risk of vaccine-associated adverse events, including Yellow Fever Vaccine-fever-associated Neurotropic Disease (YEL-AND) and Yellow Fever Vaccine-Associated Viscerotropic Disease (YEL-AVD). This study investigates the potential of Real-World Evidence (RWE) to enhance vaccine surveillance by analyzing electronic health records (EHRs) from the TriNetX platform, which identified a total of 15,835 individuals who were vaccinated with the Stamaril® YF vaccine between 2017 and 2021 in the United States. We compared adverse event rates obtained from RWE with those reported by the manufacturer in a recent study of Stamaril® used in the United States during this period. Our findings were consistent with those published previously and suggest no significant increase in adverse medical outcomes post-vaccination across all age groups, particularly in long-term analysis. This proof-of-concept study underscores the value of RWE in monitoring vaccine safety and supports its potential to complement traditional surveillance methods, offering a robust tool for continuous post-marketing vaccine evaluation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Obesity, a known independent risk factor for developing malignancy. Additionally, renal transplant recipients (RTR) confer a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of overall malignancies with an excess absolute risk of .7% per year. While transplant recipients are at risk for obesity and malignancy, the effect of bariatric surgery (BS) in the posttransplantation setting is not well known., Objectives: Our study primarily evaluated the impact of BS on cancer incidence in RTR with severe obesity in the posttransplantation setting. Weight loss outcomes were analyzed secondarily., Setting: University Hospital., Methods: A retrospective study using TriNetX database was developed to analyze cancer outcomes in RTR with posttransplantation BS versus RTR without BS from 2000 to 2023. After the exclusion process and propensity matching, both cohorts consisted of 153 patients., Results: RTR-BS had a significantly lower incidence of overall cancer and transplant-related cancers (P < .05). No significant difference was identified in cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and reproductive cancers. Percent Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) was significantly lower in RTR-only cohort (11.4%) versus RTR-BS cohort (57.8%) at 5 years. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) patients (73.19%) had significantly higher %EWL than Roux en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients (49.33%) at 3 years. No difference in cancer incidence was noted between SG and RYGB patients., Conclusion: Postrenal transplantation BS had a diminishing effect on overall and transplant-related cancer incidence in RTR with severe obesity. Significant weight loss was also demonstrated with post-renal transplantation BS., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Introduction: This study focuses on granulomatous mastitis (GM), a rare inflammatory condition of the breast that has been increasingly diagnosed over the recent years. This research attempts to understand the incidence and prevalence of GM and its treatments., Methods: This is a retrospective study over 9 y (January 2015-December 2023). We utilized the anonymized data collected by TriNetX Analytic Network, a global federated health research network. The database was queried for patients diagnosed with GM and 3058 patients were returned. The incidence and prevalence of GM by age, race, and ethnicity were analyzed. The most common treatments for GM (antibiotics, steroids, incision and drainage, breast excision, and methotrexate) were analyzed., Results: Hispanic and Latinos have a six-fold increased likelihood of developing GM compared to their non-Hispanic and non-Latino counterparts (0.006% compared to 0.001%). Treatment approaches reveal that antibiotics are the primary choice, while methotrexate is less commonly used. Antibiotics showed no significant differences between Hispanics and Latinos when compared to non-Hispanics and non-Latinos. Steroids showed a decreased prevalence in Hispanics and Latinos (P < 0.05). Incision and drainage showed an increased incidence in Hispanics and Latinos (P < 0.05). Excision showed no significant differences between the two groups. Methotrexate showed a higher incidence of usage among Hispanics and Latinos (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: GM has the highest incidence and prevalence among Hispanics and Latinos. Despite that, the treatments do not directly reflect these differences which underscore the need for personalized treatment strategies, particularly among Hispanic or Latino populations, and underscores the importance of further research to elucidate contributing factors to these differences., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)