Search

In this study, the life, scientific studies, personality and ideas of Said Halim Pasha, the grandson of the Egyptian Governor Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Pasha,the Chairman of the Committee of Union and Progress, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Grand Vizier in the late Ottoman Empire and the theorist of the Islamic movement, will be discussed. Brief information will be given on Said Halim Pasha’seducation, his first official duties in the Ottoman Empire, why he went abroad, the participants in the conversation sheld in his mansion in Yeniköy, his imprisonment in the Bekirağa Dungeon after the Armistice of Mudros with the allegation of “Armenian Genocide” and his trial in Divân-ı Harbi Örfi (courts-martial), his exile to Malta by the British and release, and the reasons of his subsequent murder by an Armenian secret society member in Rome. His hopes from “Islamization”,a concept peculiar to the Pasha, and his views on political dominance in Islam,westernization, racism and nationalism will be discussed. The ideas on Turkish Civilisation, the rights and tasks of Muslims will be obtained. The way he suggested for the social structure of Islam, national sovereignty and the way out of crisis will be evaluated. Who should have rights of legislation and the ideas on democracy will be focused. The details of the presidential system that he proposed as agovernmental system will be focused on. The tasks of National Assembly and the ideas on Senate (Ayan Assembly) will be discussed. The ideas on Westernization and responsibilities of intellectuals will be evaluated. His thoughts on the caliphate policy of Sultan Abdülhamid II and the idea that the caliphate should remain with the Turks will be discussed. There will also be an evaluation on his influences and those he influenced., Öz:Bu çalışmada Mısır Valisi Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Paşa’nın torunu olan, İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti Genel Başkanlığı yapan, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde Hariciye Nazırlığı ve Sadrazamlık görevlerini ifâ eden ve aynı zamanda İslamcılık fikir hareketinin teorisyeni Said Halim Paşa’nın hayatı, eserleri, şahsiyeti ve fikirleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Said Halim Paşa’nın eğitimi, Osmanlı Devleti’nde aldığı ilk resmi görevlerin ne olduğu, yurt dışına neden çıktığı, Yeniköy’de bulunanyalısında yapılan sohbetlere kimlerin katıldığı, Mondros Mütarekesi’nden sonra “Ermeni kırımı” iddiasıyla Bekirağa Bölüğü’ne konulması ve bu konuda Divân-ı Harbi Örfi’de yargılanması, İngilizler tarafından Malta’ya sürülmesi ve serbest bırakılması, akabinde Roma’da bir Ermeni komitacı tarafından neden öldürüldüğü konularında kısa bilgiler verilecektir. Paşa’ya özgü bir kavram olan “İslamlaşma”-dan ne murat ettiği, İslam’da siyasi hakimiyetin ne olduğu, batılılaşma, ırkçılık vemilliyetçilikle ilgili görüşleri ele alınacaktır. Türk Medeniyeti hakkındaki düşünceleri, Müslümanların hak ve görevlerinin neler olduğu ile ilgili değerlendirmeleri ortaya konulacaktır.İslam’ın sosyal yapısı, milli egemenlik ve bunalımdan çıkış için önerdiği yol değerlendirilecektir. Kanun yapma hakkının kimlerde olması gerektiği ve demokrasi hakkındaki düşünceleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Hükümet sis temi olarak önerdiği başkanlık sisteminin ayrıntıları üzerinde durulacaktır. Millet Meclisi’nin görevinin ne olması gerektiği, Senato (Ayan Meclisi)ile ilgili düşünceleri ortaya konulacaktır. Batılılaşma konusundaki fikirleri ve Aydınlara yüklediğisorumluluk değerlendirilecektir. Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in hilafet politikasını ve hilafetin Türkler’de olması gerektiği konusundaki düşünceleri ele alınacaktır. Paşa’nın kimlerden etkilendiği ve kimleri etkilediği hususunda da bir değerlendirmede bulunulacaktırEn Az 250 Kelimelik ÖzetAnahtar Sözcükler: (En Az 3 Anahtar Sözcük)

In the name of “Population andSettlement of Tonya and its districts inthe XVI. and XVII. centuries, it has been tried to obtain where the firstsettlement places of current Tonya town were, when such places were settleddown and how many people living in such places in the light of informationbased on Deed Books and Drifter Books. Further, academic studies concerningsuch places have been evaluated. The reasons of decrease and increase in thepopulation of Tonya and its districts have been revealed. It has been analyzedwhether there is any relations of person and father names living in suchdistricts with Çepni and other Turkmen tribes or not., “XVI. ve XVII.Yüzyıllarda Tonya ve Çevresinde İskân Birimleri ve Nüfus” adlı makalemizdebugünkü Tonya ilçesinin ilk yerleşim birimlerini oluşturan yerlerin nelerolduğu, bu iskân birimlerinin ne zaman kurulduğu ve buralara yerleşen nüfusunne kadar olduğu Tapu Tahrir ve Avârız Defterlerine dayanılarak ortaya konulmayaçalışılmıştır. Ayrıca bölge ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar dadeğerlendirilmiştir. Tonya ve yakın çevresindeki nüfusun yükseliş ve düşüşüneneden olan olayların neler olduğu tespite çalışılmıştır. İskân birimlerinde yaşayanhalkın kişi ve baba adlarından hareketle Çepni ve diğer Türkmen boylarıyla birilişkisinin olup olmadığı değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur.

Tax disputes are a concept used to express the problems that arise duringthe taxation process between the administration and taxpayer, and thesedisputes are settled within the taxation jurisdiction. In addition of the history of tax disputes is based on emergence of the tax, it is believed thatthe development of tax jurisdiction starts with acquisition of democraticrights. Sense of tax and tax systems have undergone change associatedwith senses of state over time. This transformation in our country probablyaccured faster than many countries of the world. Radical changesin governmental, juridical and socio-economic areas naturally influencedtax system along the transition from state system based on customary andreligious taxes to parliamentary republic system. The purpose of this studyis to examine the development of the Turkish tax jurisdiction in the historicalprocess., Vergi uyuşmazlıkları idare ile mükellef arasında vergileme sürecinde ortaya çıkan sorunları ifade etmek için kullanılan bir kavramdır ve bu uyuşmazlıklar idari aşama yanında vergi yargısı dahilinde de çözüme kavuşturulmaktadır. Vergi uyuşmazlıklarının geçmişi verginin ortaya çıkışına dayanmakla birlikte vergi yargısının gelişimi, demokratik hakların kazanılmaya başlanmasıyla görülebilmektedir. Zaman içerisinde devlet anlayışlarına paralel olarak vergi anlayışı ve sistemleri de değişime uğramıştır. Ülkemiz için ise bu değişim belki de dünyanın pek çok ülkesindekinden daha hızlı gerçekleşmiştir. Örfi ve dini vergilere dayalı bir devlet sisteminden, parlamenter cumhuriyet rejimine geçişle birlikte idari, hukuki ve sosyo-ekonomik alanda gerçekleşen köklü değişikliklerden vergi sistemi de doğal olarak etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk vergi yargısının yasalar, uygulama ve örgütlenme bağlamında geçirdiği süreçleri incelemektir.

Vergi uyuşmazlıkları idare ile mükellef arasında vergileme sürecinde orta-ya çıkan sorunları ifade etmek için kullanılan bir kavramdır ve bu uyuşmaz-lıklar idari aşama yanında vergi yargısı dahilinde de çözüme kavuşturul-maktadır. Vergi uyuşmazlıklarının geçmişi verginin ortaya çıkışına dayan-makla birlikte vergi yargısının gelişimi, demokratik hakların kazanılmaya başlanmasıyla görülebilmektedir. Zaman içerisinde devlet anlayışlarına paralel olarak vergi anlayışı ve sistemleri de değişime uğramıştır. Ülkemiz için ise bu değişim belki de dünyanın pek çok ülkesindekinden daha hızlı gerçekleşmiştir. Örfi ve dini vergilere dayalı bir devlet sisteminden, parla-menter cumhuriyet rejimine geçişle birlikte idari, hukuki ve sosyo-ekono-mik alanda gerçekleşen köklü değişikliklerden vergi sistemi de doğal olarak etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk vergi yargısının yasalar, uygulama ve örgütlenme bağlamında geçirdiği süreçleri incelemektir. Tax disputes are a concept used to express the problems that arise during the taxation process between the administration and taxpayer, and these disputes are settled within the taxation jurisdiction. In addition of the history of tax disputes is based on emergence of the tax, it is believed that the development of tax jurisdiction starts with acquisition of democratic rights. Sense of tax and tax systems have undergone change associated with senses of state over time. This transformation in our country pro-bably accured faster than many countries of the world. Radical changes in governmental, juridical and socio-economic areas naturally influenced tax system along the transition from state system based on customary and religious taxes to parliamentary republic system. The purpose of this study is to examine the development of the Turkish tax jurisdiction in the histo-rical process.

Ekonomik piyasalarda kamu müdahalesi ile ilişkili olan teoriler zaman içinde farklılık göstermişlerdir. 1990’larda kamu harcamaları ve bütçe açıklarında yaşanan artışlar, kamu finansmanı alanında bazı yeniliklere ihtiyaç duyulması nedeniyle mali kural kavramını gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışma; 24 gelişmiş ekonomi için dengesiz panel veri analizini kullanarak işsizlik oranı ve ekonomik büyüme oranının dahil edildiği makroekonomik değişkenlere mali kural uygulamalarının etkilerini ampirik olarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla, sözkonusu ekonomilerde 1985-2012 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; ekonomik büyüme, GSYH içindeki kamu borcunun oranı ve GSYH içindeki kamu harcamalarının oranı değişkenleri işsizlik oranı üzerinde pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahipken; harcama kuralı ve enflasyon oranı negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Diğer taraftan, ekonomik büyüme değişkeni üzerinde işsizlik oranı ve GSYH içindeki vergi gelirlerinin oranı pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iken bütçe dengesi kuralı, GSYH içindeki kamu borcu oranı ve GSYH içindeki kamu harcamalarının oranı değişkenleri negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmuştur. Theories associated with social interference-intervention on economic markets have differed in time. A rise of government expenditures and budget deficits in the 1990s have created some innovation needs in the field of public finance that makes definition of fiscal rule a current issue. This study empirically seek to reveal the impacts of fiscal rule practices on macroeconomic variables, including unemployment rate and economic growth for 24 developed economies by using unbalanced panel data analysis. For this purpose, the data set is annually covered for the period from 1985 to 2012 in these economies. According to consequences of this study, economic growth, government debt as a percent of GDP and government expenditure as a percent of GDP have positive and statistically significant relationship while expenditure rule and inflation rate have negative and statistically significant related to unemployment rate. On the other hand, economic growth is correlated that unemployment rate and tax revenue as percent of GDP have positive and statistically significant and, budget balance rule, government debt as a percent of GDP and government expenditure as a percent of GDP have negative and statistically significant.

International audience; We report on a new measurement of the g factor of the (13/2(+)) isomeric state in the neutron-rich nucleus Cu-69. This study demonstrates the possibility of obtaining considerable nuclear spin alignment for multi-quasiparticle states in single-nucleon removal reactions. The time-dependent perturbed angular distribution (TDPAD) method was used to extract the gyromagnetic factor of the (13/2(+)) [T-1/2 = 351(14) ns] isomeric state of Cu-69. Its g factor was obtained as g(13/2(+)) = 0.248( 9). The experimentally observed spin alignment for the state of interest was deduced as A = -3.3(9)%.

In this study, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students’ knowledge of history of mathematics and their attitudes and beliefs towards the use of history of mathematics in school mathematics were investigated according to gender and grade level. Moreover, a possible statistical relationship was investigated between the addressed knowledge and attitudes and beliefs. Data was collected through Knowledge of History of Mathematics Test and Attitudes and Beliefs toward using History of Mathematics in School Mathematics Questionnaire, which was specifically adopted for this study, from 499 students in 6 middle schools in Ankara via clustered-random sampling. The descriptive studies revealed that most of the students stated that history of mathematics was not given a place in their classes and that they did not follow publications related to history of mathematics. On the other hand, the students’ knowledge of history of mathematics was insufficient in general. Their attitudes and beliefs towards the use of history of mathematics in school mathematics were close to positive, but their ideas on this issue did not maturate yet. Two-way analyses of variance indicated significant differences in students’ knowledge of history of mathematics and attitudes and beliefs towards using history of mathematics favoring females and some upper grades. A significant relationship was found between the knowledge and attitudes and beliefs through Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. © 2016, Hacettepe University, All rights reserved.

This paper focuses on deriving the governing equations for an instrument used in water flow systems known as “shock damper”. Shock damper is a tremulous tool with a single degree of freedom system which includes tank, connecting pipe, mass, spring, and a damper. This tool is then applied as a boundary condition for characteristic lines equations. Additional equations will be included by considering conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. This system of equations is then explicitly solved at each time step. In order to illustrate the performance of the shock damper, a gravity-feed system is considered with and without a damper. The control valve of this system will suddenly be shut to impose a water hammer condition. Then, unsteady flow parameters such as minimum/ maximum of flow velocity and pressure are evaluated along with a sensitivity analysis. Results demonstrate that shock damper despite being simple and economically efficient, is highly capable of moderating unsteady flow characteristics.

Küreselleşmeyle birlikte ulusal hükümetlerin fonksiyonları sınırlanmakta, yerel yönetimlerin rolleri daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Ulusal sosyal refah politikaları güç kaybederken, özellikle kırsaldan kente olan göçler ve hızlı nüfus artışı yereldeki sosyal politikaların etki alanını genişletmiştir. Sosyal politikaları yerelde uygulayan belediyeler sosyal belediye olarak adlandırılmaktadır The functions of the national government are limited with globalization, the role of local government is becoming more significant. While national social welfare policies are lost their powers, especially from rural to urban migration and rapid population growth have expanded the impact of social policies in the local area. The municipialities implemented social policies in local level are called “as a social municipiality”

Bu çalışmanın öncelikli amacı hizmet hatalarının telafisi stratejilerinin müşteri tatmini üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada; Giresun, Gümüşhane, Trabzon, Ordu, Rize ve Samsun'da bulunan aile hekimliği hizmeti almış hastalar tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş ve 463 kişi araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Önerilen modelin doğrulanması amacıyla yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak tespit edilen hizmet hatası telafi stratejilerinden; tazminat, özür, düzeltme, empati, kolaylaştırma, sürat ve çaba faktörlerinin hem hizmet hatası telafi memnuniyetini hem de tüm örgüt memnuniyetini değişik seviyelerde etkiledikleri tespit edilmiştir The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effects of service recovery strategies on customer satisfaction. A total of 463 patients that choosen with random sampling method, from Giresun, Gümüşhane, Trabzon, Ordu, Rize and Samsun’s family medicals were surveyed. Structural equations models were used to verify model. Our results indicate service recovery strategies; compensation, apology, reparation, emphaty, facilitation, promptness and effort influence satisfaction with recovery and whole organization satisfaction

International audience; A precise measurement of the g factor of the first-excited state in the self-conjugate (N = Z) nucleus Mg-24 is performed by a new time-differential recoil-in-vacuum method based on the hyperfine field of hydrogenlike ions. Theory predicts that the g factors of such states, in which protons and neutrons occupy the same orbits, should depart from 0.5 by a few percent due to configuration mixing and meson-exchange effects. The experimental result, g = 0.538 +/- 0.013, is in excellent agreement with recent shell-model calculations and shows a departure from 0.5 by almost 3 standard deviations, thus achieving, for the first time, the precision and accuracy needed to test theory. Proof of the new method opens the way for wide applications including measurements of the magnetism of excited states of exotic nuclei produced as radioactive beams.

WOS: 000310091000001, The level structures of the N = 50 As-83, Ge-82, and Ga-81 isotones have been investigated by means of multi-nucleon transfer reactions. A first experiment was performed with the CLARA PRISMA setup to identify these nuclei. A second experiment was carried out with the GASP array in order to deduce the gamma-ray coincidence information. The results obtained on the high-spin states of such nuclei are used to test the stability of the N = 50 shell closure in the region of Ni-78 (Z = 28). The comparison of the experimental level schemes with the shell-model calculations yields an N = 50 energy gap value of 4.7(3) MeV at Z = 28. This value, in a good agreement with the prediction of the finite-range liquid-drop model as well as with the recent large-scale shell model calculations, does not support a weakening of the N = 50 shell gap down to Z = 28. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., NSF [PHY0244389, PHY0555396]; European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme through I3-EURONS [RII3-CT-2004-506065]; DGF (Germany) [DE 1516/-1]; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/G000689/1 NuSTAR, ST/F004052/1, ST/G000689/1, ST/J000108/1], We thank O. Sorlin for the useful discussions and the accelerator crews of LNL for the excellent support. A.F.L. acknowledges partial support of this work from NSF grants PHY0244389 and PHY0555396. This work has been partially supported by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme through I3-EURONS (contract No. RII3-CT-2004-506065) and the DGF (Germany under contract No. DE 1516/-1).

International audience; A modi fied version of the time-differential recoil-in-vacuum (TDRIV) method, adapted for use with radioactive beams, was applied for the first time to perform a g-factor measurement on the first-excited state in Mg-24 (E-x = 1.369 MeV, tau = 1.97 ps). A high precision g-factor value was obtained using predominantly H-like ions. The results obtained demonstrate the versatility of the new approach and have the precision needed for stringent tests of shell model calculations.

Ekonomik piyasalarda kamu müdahalesi ile ilişkili olan teoriler zaman içinde farklılık göstermişlerdir. 1990'larda kamu harcamaları ve bütçe açıklarında yaşanan artışlar, kamu finansmanı alanında bazı yeniliklere ihtiyaç duyulması nedeniyle mali kural kavramını gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışma; 24 gelişmiş ekonomi için dengesiz panel veri analizini kullanarak işsizlik oranı ve ekonomik büyüme oranının dahil edildiği makroekonomik değişkenlere mali kural uygulamalarının etkilerini ampirik olarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla, sözkonusu ekonomilerde 1985-2012 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bağımlı değişkenler olarak işsizlik oranı ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenleri kullanılırken; mali kural ölçüsü olarak harcama kuralı ve bütçe dengesi kuralı olmak üzere iki temel bağımsız değişken kullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte; enflasyon oranı, faiz oranı, GSYH içindeki kamu borcu oranı, GSYH içindeki kamu harcamalarının oranı ve GSYH içindeki vergi gelirlerinin oranı gibi diğer bağımsız değişkenlerde modele dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; ekonomik büyüme, GSYH içindeki kamu borcunun oranı ve GSYH içindeki kamu harcamalarının oranı değişkenleri işsizlik oranı üzerinde pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahipken; harcama kuralı ve enflasyon oranı negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Diğer taraftan, ekonomik büyüme değişkeni üzerinde işsizlik oranı ve GSYH içindeki vergi gelirlerinin oranı pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iken bütçe dengesi kuralı, GSYH içindeki kamu borcu oranı ve GSYH içindeki kamu harcamalarının oranı değişkenleri negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmuştur. Theories associated with social interference-intervention on economic markets have differed in time. A rise of government expenditures and budget deficits in the 1990s have created some innovation needs in the field of public finance that makes definition of fiscal rule a current issue. This study empirically seek to reveal the impacts of fiscal rule practices on macroeconomic variables, including unemployment rate and economic growth for 24 developed economies by using unbalanced panel data analysis. For this purpose, the data set is annually covered for the period from 1985 to 2012 in these economies. It uses two major independent variables substituted for fiscal rule that imply expenditure rule and budget balance rule with inflation rate, interest rate, government debt as a percent of GDP, government expenditure as a percent of GDP and tax revenues as a percent of GDP while the study employs unemployment rate and economic growth as a dependent variables. According to consequences of this study, economic growth, government debt as a percent of GDP and government expenditure as a percent of GDP have positive and statistically significant relationship while expenditure rule and inflation rate have negative and statistically significant related to unemployment rate. On the other hand, economic growth is correlated that unemployment rate and tax revenue as percent of GDP have positive and statistically significant and, budget balance rule, government debt as a percent of GDP and government expenditure as a percent of GDP have negative and statistically significant. 205

WOS: 000250620900030, High-spin states of (191,193)Au and (192)Pt have been populated in the (186)W((11)B, xn) and (186)W((11)B, p4n) reactions, respectively, at a beam energy of 68 MeV and their gamma decay was studied using the YRAST Ball detector array at the Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory at Yale University. The level scheme of (193)Au has been extended up to I(pi)=55/2(+). New transitions were observed also in (191)Au and (192)Pt. Particle-plus-Triaxial-Rotor (PTR) and Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations were performed to determine the equilibrium deformations of the Au isotopes. The predictions for oblate deformations in these nuclei are in agreement with the experimental data. Development of nonaxial shapes is discussed within the framework of the PTR model.

High-spin states of 187Ir have been populated in the 176Yb(15N, 4n) reaction and measured with the YRAST Ball spectrometer. The ?h9/2 rotational band has been extended beyond the first alignment crossing, which was found at rotational frequency ??c ? 0.39 MeV. Two different scenarios for describing this crossing are considered: The alignment of an h9/2 proton or i13/2 neutron pair and it is concluded that a proton band crossing is more likely. A systematic study of the rotational alignment crossings in the ?h9/2 bands in the N=104, 106, 108 isotopes of 73Ta, 75Re, 77Ir, and 79Au is presented.

High-spin states of [Formula presented] have been populated in the [Formula presented] reaction and measured with the YRAST Ball spectrometer. The [Formula Presented] rotational band has been extended beyond the first alignment crossing, which was found at rotational frequency [Formula Presented]. Two different scenarios for describing this crossing are considered: the alignment of an [Formula Presented] proton or [Formula Presented] neutron pair and it is concluded that a proton band crossing is more likely. A systematic study of the rotational alignment crossings in the [Formula Presented] bands in the [Formula Presented] isotopes of [Formula presented] and [Formula presented] is presented. © 2003 The American Physical Society.

WOS: 000304808300003 The half-life of the 2305-keV, I-pi = 4((-)) intruder state in P-34 has been measured as t(1/2) = 2.0(1) ns using gamma-ray coincidence, fast-timing techniques with the Bucharest HPGe and LaBr3:Ce detector array. Excited states in P-34 were populated using the O-18(O-18, pn)P-34 fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 36 MeV. Reduced transition probabilities have been calculated for different values of the M2/E3 mixing ratio, delta(E3/M2), and compared with shell-model estimates. For small values of the mixing ratio, the B(M2) value was found to be consistent with similar transitions associated with the occupation of neutron f(7/2) configurations in this mass region. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) (UK); Romanian Ministry for Education and Research [Module3-24EU-ISOLDE, PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0367(UEFISCDI)]; ANCS (Romania); Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [109T613]; US National Science Foundation [PHY07-58100, PHY-1068192, PHY-07-56474]; Almajmaah University, Saudi Arabia; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/F006950/1, ST/G000751/1, ST/G000697/1 NuSTAR, ST/J000051/1, ST/G000751/1 NuSTAR] We would like to thank the staff of the Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Romania, for their support during this experiment and John Greene from Argonne National Laboratory for preparing the target. This work was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) (UK), the Romanian Ministry for Education and Research [Contracts Module3-24EU-ISOLDE and PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0367(UEFISCDI)], ANCS (Romania), the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the International Bilateral Cooperation Project No. 109T613, and the US National Science Foundation (Grants No. PHY07-58100, No. PHY-1068192, and No. PHY-07-56474). TA acknowledges the support of Almajmaah University, Saudi Arabia.

The level structures of the N = 50, 83As, 82Ge, and 81Ga isotones have been investigated by means of multi-nucleon transfer reactions. A first experiment was performed with the CLARA–PRISMA setup to identify these nuclei. A second experiment was carried out with the GASP array in order to deduce the γ -ray coincidence information. The results obtained on the high-spin states of such nuclei are used to test the stability of the N = 50 shell closure in the region of 78Ni (Z = 28). The comparison of the experimental level schemes with the shell-model calculations yields an N = 50 energy gap value of 4.7(3) MeV at Z = 28. This value, in a good agreement with the prediction of the finite-range liquid-drop model as well as with the recent large-scale shell model calculations, does not support a weakening of the N = 50 shell gap down to Z = 28.