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To study the effect of Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi Decoction on gastrointestinal hormones and TGF-β3 signal pathways in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). The model was created by methylnitrosoguanidine (MNNG) comprehensive method. After successful modeling, it was divided into three groups: model group (MC group), frolic acid group (AC group), modified Huangqi Guizhi Decoction high dose group (HH group), modified Huangqi Guizhi Decoction middle dose group (HM group), and modified Huangqi Guizhi Decoction low dose group (HL group). Gastric pathology was observed by HE staining. The levels of gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL) in rat serum were detected by ELISA assay. After HE staining, the histopathological sections were analyzed. Inflammatory factors infiltration and disorder of mucosal epithelial cells were found in the model group, which were improved to some extent after administration. According to the pathological chart analysis and score of rats in each group, compared with the model group, the gastric tissue damage of rats in each administration group has been improved in different degrees, among which the pathological scores of HH and HM groups were lower, and the corresponding damage degree was smaller. According to the test results of ELISA, Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi Decoction could reduce the contents of GAS, TGF-β3, and increase MTL abundance in the serum of rats, thus accelerating the apoptosis of tumor cells and inhibiting cancer. Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi Decoction played a positive role in preventing the occurrence of gastric cancer through reducing the concentrations of GAS and TGF-β3 in serum, and increasing the concentration of MLT in serum. This results provided a new treatment idea for CAG.

Although environmental factors affecting adventitious root (AR) formation have been examined, how nutrient status affects ARs under waterlogging conditions remains unclear. In this study, plants’ performance in responding to AR regulation based on nutrient supply was investigated in terms of plant morphology, physiology and AR traits. Results indicated that Cleistocalyx operculatus possesses higher waterlogging tolerance than Syzygium cumini according to the waterlogging tolerance coefficient, mainly because of the higher fresh weight, porosity and length of AR in C. operculatus. Nutrient supply treatment under a waterlogging condition significantly decreased the fresh weight, length, number, porosity, cortex area of AR and the ratio of cortex-to-stele area in both species relative to those in the waterlogging treatment, but significantly increased the activities and stele areas of AR, and leaf nutrient content. This result showed that nutrient supply caused variations in the morphological and anatomical structures of AR that were more beneficial to improve nutrient transportation than oxygen absorption under waterlogging conditions, supporting the nutrient-priority hypothesis. Moreover, nutrient supply under waterlogging conditions induced greater increase in stele area of ARs, fresh weight of the whole plant, total leaf area, leaf nitrogen level, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate and maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII in S. cumini than in C. operculatus, suggesting that S. cumini can transport more nutrients and easily adapts to increase in nutrient supply under waterlogging conditions. Thus, S. cumini have better performance in extracting and utilizing nutrients in the water for plant growth. The findings showed that terrestrial arbor plants have physiological and microstructural mechanisms that respond to nutrient supply under waterlogging conditions and provide novel insights into the phytoremediation of eutrophic water bodies in wetland systems.

This paper presents a wideband nonlinear behavioral model applicable for D-band (110∼170 GHz) power amplifiers including memory effects. Compared with conventional behavioral models which only consider low-pass envelope characteristics and is not suitable for wideband high-speed data transmission applications, the proposed model in this paper takes the bandwidth characteristics of high frequency carrier in the amplifier circuit into consideration. The frequency-sensitive model parameters are identified and set as frequency-dependent functions to ensure the wideband applicability of the model. A concise cascaded three-box Hammerstein-Wiener model structure is employed to model the dynamic memory effects and static memoryless nonlinearity of the amplifier. The proposed model can be conveniently implemented in the Advanced Design System (ADS) software for system-level simulations. A transistor-level compact model for the investigated D-band power amplifier is used to generate data for the behavioral model extraction and validation. Results show that the proposed model can accurately represent the wideband large-signal characteristics of the D-band power amplifier, which means that the proposed model is useful for terahertz transceiver design and system integration.

A D-band wideband E-shaped patch for antenna in package (AiP) application is demonstrated in this paper for the first time. Two open stubs are employed to simplify the fabrication process, adjust match and achieve interconnection with chip. Simulated and measured results show that the antenna exhibits about 6 dBi of maximal gain in the center frequency of 131 GHz and reflection coefficient better than −10 dB in the range of 125–145 GHz. Therefore, properties of wideband, easy manufacture and Integration are achieved in the design.

This paper presents a 94GHz 2×2 phased-array frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) imaging radar transceiver. The transceiver consists of two receiving paths, two transmitting paths and a local oscillator (LO) generation path. In order to improve gain and noise performance, multi-paralleled transistors with small number-of-fingers are used to design power amplifier (PA) and low noise amplifier (LNA). A 24GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is used to generate wideband FMCW signals, and two differential push-push cascode doublers are used to act as a quadrupler, which has a low power and high stability. Phase shifter (PS) with constant insertion loss (IL) compensation is used to achieve constant gain among different phase states. The LO path has a continuous frequency tuning range of 14GHz. The transmitter has a maximum output power of 11 dBm and 2.8dB power flatness over 14GHz bandwidth. The receiver has a conversion gain of 20dB and a noise figure (NF) of 10.5dB.

This paper presents a compact large-signal model for 70 nm process GaAs high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) based on the quasi-physical zone division (QPZD) modeling method. QPZD is a succinct modeling method that is originally developed for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. In this paper, a modified I ds model for GaAs devices is presented by considering the critical electric field as a function of gate and drain bias voltages. Different from the empirical gate capacitance model that is employed in the original QPZD model, this paper presents a physical gate capacitance model that is derived from zone division theory. 70 nm process GaAs HEMT is used to validate the proposed large-signal model. The simulated dc I-V, multi-bias S-parameters up to 65 GHz, and large-signal characteristics agree well with the measurements, which means that the proposed model is useful for millimeter wave GaAs HEMTs development and circuit design.

In this paper, a hairpin-type filter based on integrated passive device (IPD) technology is presented for system in package (SIP) application. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that hairpin filter is designed, fabricated and measured up to W band. The measurement result shows the filter has a 3 dB bandwidth of 8GHz at the center frequency of 95.5 GHz, about 5 dB insertion loss and better than -10 dB return loss in the pass-band. The die dimension is 0. 95 × 0. 40 mm2. Therefore, compact size, small insertion loss and good agreement between simulation and measurement are achieved in this filter.

Defining the status of solitary pulmonary lesion (SPL) in patients with history of malignancy is important because primary lung cancer (PLC) or intrapulmonary metastasis might indicate different surgical strategies. The aim of this study is to identify factors related to the status of these lesions and construct a clinical model to estimate the pretest probability of PLC. From January 2005 to January 2016, 104 patients with previous malignancy and suitable for surgery were retrospectively studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify possible factors related to SPLs. A nomogram was constructed to differentiate PLC from intrapulmonary metastasis. Ninety-seven (93.3%) patients were diagnosed as malignant postoperatively, including 61 patients with intrapulmonary metastasis and 36 patients with PLC. Multivariate analysis showed that site of primary tumor [head and neck squamous cell cancer: odds ratio (OR) = 28.509, P = 0.006; genitourinary cancer: OR = 23.928, P = 0.012], negative lymph node status of primary tumor (OR = 3.154, P = 0.038), spiculation of SPL (OR = 3.972, P = 0.022), and central location of SPL (OR = 4.679, P = 0.026) were four independent factors differentiating PLC from intrapulmonary metastasis. All of these were included in the nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram for predicting probability was 0.82. Incidence of malignant SPLs was fairly high in patients with history of malignancy. A nomogram including site and lymph node status of primary tumor, and spiculation and location of SPL might be a good tool for differentiating PLC from intrapulmonary metastasis preoperatively and guiding treatment.

A new phase array calibration method is proposed which combines the mutual coupling calibration method with the rotating element electric field vector (REV) method. On the one hand, this calibration is a kind of on-board calibration method like the mutual coupling calibration method, which doesn't need any test enviroment such as the far field test site or anechoic chamber. On the other hand, it inherits the advangtage of the REV method that phase measurement is not needed. The calibration method not only simplifies the test enviroment and facility efficiently but also makes the calibration more convenient. A numerical simulation is provided to examine its performance.