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3. Signs and symptoms of COVID‐19 in patients with multiple sclerosis

Author

Schiavetti, Irene, Carmisciano, Luca, Ponzano, Marta, Cordioli, Cinzia, Cocco, Eleonora, Marfia, Girolama Alessandra, Inglese, Matilde, Filippi, Massimo, Radaelli, Marta, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Immovilli, Paolo, Capobianco, Marco, De Rossi, Nicola, Brichetto, Giampaolo, Scandellari, Cinzia, Cavalla, Paola, Pesci, Ilaria, Confalonieri, Paolo, Perini, Paola, Trojano, Maria, Lanzillo, Roberta, Tedeschi, Gioacchino, Comi, Giancarlo, Battaglia, Mario Alberto, Patti, Francesco, Salvetti, Marco, Sormani, Maria Pia, Group, MuSC‐19 Study, Abbadessa, Gianmarco, Aguglia, Umberto, Allegorico, Lia, Allegri, Beatrice Maria Rossi, Alteno, Anastasia, Amato, Maria Pia, Annovazzi, Pietro, Antozzi, Carlo, Appendino, Lucia, Arena, Sebastiano, Baione, Viola, Balgera, Roberto, Barcella, Valeria, Baroncini, Damiano, Barrilà, Caterina, Bellacosa, Alessandra, Bellucci, Gianmarco, Bergamaschi, Valeria, Bezzini, Daiana, Biolzi, Beatrice, Bisecco, Alvino, Bonavita, Simona, Borriello, Giovanna, Bosa, Chiara, Bosco, Antonio, Bovis, Francesca, Bozzali, Marco, Brambilla, Laura, Morra, Vincenzo Brescia, Buccafusca, Maria, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Bucello, Sebastiano, Buscarinu, Maria Chiara, Cabboi, Maria Paola, Calabrese, Massimiliano, Calabria, Francesca, Caleri, Francesca, Camilli, Federico, Caniatti, Luisa Maria, Cantello, Roberto, Capra, Ruggero, Capuano, Rocco, Carta, Patrizia, Celani, Maria Grazia, Cellerino, Maria, Cerqua, Raffaella, Chisari, Clara, Clerici, Raffaella, Clerico, Marinella, Cola, Gaia, Conte, Antonella, Conti, Marta Zaffira, Cordano, Christian, Cordera, Susanna, Corea, Francesco, Correale, Claudio, Cottone, Salvatore, Crescenzo, Francesco, Curti, Erica, d’Ambrosio, Alessandro, D’Amico, Emanuele, Danni, Maura Chiara, d’Arma, Alessia, Dattola, Vincenzo, de Biase, Stefano, De Luca, Giovanna, De Mercanti, Stefania Federica, De Mitri, Paolo, De Stefano, Nicola, Della Cava, Fabio Maria, Della Cava, Marco, and Di Lemme, Sonia

Subjects
Neurosciences, Multiple Sclerosis, Brain Disorders, Pain Research, Neurodegenerative, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Aged, COVID-19, Ageusia, SARS-CoV-2, Anosmia, MuSC-19 Study Group, demyelinating diseases, disease-modifying treatment, multiple sclerosis, neurological disorders, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Background and purposeClinical outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been thoroughly investigated, but a further analysis on main signs and symptoms and their risk factors still needs attention. The objective of this study was to group together and describe based on similarity the most common signs and symptoms of COVID-19 in MS patients and identify all factors associated with their manifestation.MethodLogistic and linear regression models were run to recognize factors associated with each pooled group of symptoms and their total number.ResultsFrom March 2020 to November 2021, data were collected from 1354 MS patients with confirmed infection of COVID-19. Ageusia and anosmia was less frequent in older people (odds ratio [OR] 0.98; p = 0.005) and more in smoker patients (OR 1.39; p = 0.049). Smoke was also associated with an incremental number of symptoms (OR 1.24; p = 0.031), substance abuse (drugs or alcohol), conjunctivitis and rash (OR 5.20; p = 0.042) and the presence of at least one comorbidity with shortness of breath, tachycardia or chest pain (OR 1.24; p = 0.008). Some disease-modifying therapies were associated with greater frequencies of certain COVID-19 symptoms (association between anti-CD20 therapies and increment in the number of concomitant symptoms: OR 1.29; p = 0.05). Differences in frequencies between the three waves were found for flu-like symptoms (G1, p = 0.024), joint or muscle pain (G2, p = 0.013) and ageusia and anosmia (G5, p

Published
2022

5. Epidemiological update of cystic echinococcosis in livestock and assessment of practices related to its control in the Mediterranean area

Author

Nocerino, Martina, Pepe, Paola, Ciccone, Elena, Maurelli, Maria Paola, Bosco, Antonio, Boué, Franck, Umhang, Gérald, Lahmar, Samia, Said, Yousra, Sotiraki, Smaragda, Ligda, Panagiota, Laatamna, AbdElkarim, Reghaissia, Nassiba, Saralli, Giorgio, Musella, Vincenzo, Alterisio, Maria Chiara, Piegari, Giuseppe, and Rinaldi, Laura

Published
2024
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6. The effect of air pollution on COVID‐19 severity in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis

Author

Bergamaschi, Roberto, Ponzano, Marta, Schiavetti, Irene, Carmisciano, Luca, Cordioli, Cinzia, Filippi, Massimo, Radaelli, Marta, Immovilli, Paolo, Capobianco, Marco, De Rossi, Nicola, Brichetto, Giampaolo, Cocco, Eleonora, Scandellari, Cinzia, Cavalla, Paola, Pesci, Ilaria, Zito, Antonio, Confalonieri, Paolo, Marfia, Girolama Alessandra, Perini, Paola, Inglese, Matilde, Trojano, Maria, Morra, Vincenzo Brescia, Pisoni, Enrico, Tedeschi, Gioacchino, Comi, Giancarlo, Battaglia, Mario Alberto, Patti, Francesco, Salvetti, Marco, Sormani, Maria Pia, Abbadessa, Gianmarco, Aguglia, Umberto, Allegorico, Lia, Allegri, Rossi Beatrice Maria, Alteno, Anastasia, Amato, Maria Pia, Annovazzi, Pietro, Antozzi, Carlo, Appendino, Lucia, Arena, Sebastiano, Baione, Viola, Balgera, Roberto, Barcella, Valeria, Baroncini, Damiano, Barrilà, Caterina, Battaglia, Mario A, Bellacosa, Alessandra, Bellucci, Gianmarco, Bergamaschi, Valeria, Bezzini, Daiana, Biolzi, Beatrice, Bisecco, Alvino, Bonavita, Simona, Borriello, Giovanna, Bosa, Chiara, Bosco, Antonio, Bovis, Francesca, Bozzali, Marco, Brambilla, Laura, Brescia, Morra Vincenzo, Buccafusca, Maria, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Bucello, Sebastiano, Buscarinu, Maria Chiara, Cabboi, Maria Paola, Calabrese, Massimiliano, Calabria, Francesca, Caleri, Francesca, Camilli, Federico, Caniatti, Luisa Maria, Cantello, Roberto, Capra, Ruggero, Capuano, Rocco, Carta, Patrizia, Celani, Maria Grazia, Cellerino, Maria, Cerqua, Raffaella, Chisari, Clara, Clerici, Raffaella, Clerico, Marinella, Cola, Gaia, Conte, Antonella, Conti, Marta Zaffira, Cordano, Christian, Cordera, Susanna, Corea, Francesco, Correale, Claudio, Cottone, Salvatore, Crescenzo, Francesco, Curti, Erica, d'Ambrosio, Alessandro, and D'Amico, Emanuele

Subjects
Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Multiple Sclerosis, Brain Disorders, Autoimmune Disease, Neurodegenerative, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Good Health and Well Being, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Air Pollution, COVID-19, Humans, Particulate Matter, SARS-CoV-2, MuSC-19 study group, air pollution, coronavirus, multiple sclerosis, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Background and purposeSome studies have shown that air pollution, often assessed by thin particulate matter with diameter below 2.5 µg/m3 (PM2.5), may contribute to severe COVID-19 courses, as well as play a role in the onset and evolution of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of air pollution on COVID-19 has never been explored specifically amongst patients with MS (PwMS). This retrospective observational study aims to explore associations between PM2.5 and COVID-19 severity amongst PwMS.MethodsData were retrieved from an Italian web-based platform (MuSC-19) which includes PwMS with COVID-19. PM2.5 2016-2018 average concentrations were provided by the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service. Italian patients inserted in the platform from 15 January 2020 to 9 April 2021 with a COVID-19 positive test were included. Ordered logistic regression models were used to study associations between PM2.5 and COVID-19 severity.ResultsIn all, 1087 patients, of whom 13% required hospitalization and 2% were admitted to an intensive care unit or died, were included. Based on the multivariate analysis, higher concentrations of PM2.5 increased the risk of worse COVID-19 course (odds ratio 1.90; p = 0.009).ConclusionsEven if several other factors explain the unfavourable course of COVID-19 in PwMS, the role of air pollutants must be considered and further investigated.

Published
2022

9. Disease‐Modifying Therapies and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Sormani, Maria P, De Rossi, Nicola, Schiavetti, Irene, Carmisciano, Luca, Cordioli, Cinzia, Moiola, Lucia, Radaelli, Marta, Immovilli, Paolo, Capobianco, Marco, Trojano, Maria, Zaratin, Paola, Tedeschi, Gioacchino, Comi, Giancarlo, Battaglia, Mario A, Patti, Francesco, Salvetti, Marco, Nozzolillo, Agostino, Bellacosa, Alessandra, Protti, Alessandra, Di Sapio, Alessia, Signori, Alessio, Petrone, Alfredo, Bisecco, Alvino, Iovino, Aniello, Dutto, Anna, Repice, Anna Maria, Conte, Antonella, Bertolotto, Antonio, Bosco, Antonio, Gallo, Antonio, Zito, Antonio, Sartori, Arianna, Giometto, Bruno, Tortorella, Carla, Antozzi, Carlo, Pozzilli, Carlo, Mancinelli, Chiara Rosa, Zanetta, Chiara, Cordano, Christian, Scandellari, Cinzia, Guaschino, Clara, Gasperini, Claudio, Solaro, Claudio, Fioretti, Cristina, Bezzini, Daiana, Marastoni, Damiano, Paolicelli, Damiano, Vecchio, Domizia, Landi, Doriana, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Pedrazzoli, Elisabetta, Signoriello, Elisabetta, Sbragia, Elvira, Susani, Emanuela Laura, Curti, Erica, Milano, Eva, Marinelli, Fabiana, Camilli, Federico, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Govone, Flora, Bovis, Francesca, Calabria, Francesca, Caleri, Francesca, Rinaldi, Francesca, Vitetta, Francesca, Corea, Francesco, Crescenzo, Francesco, Teatini, Francesco, Tabiadon, Giulietta, Granella, Franco, Boffa, Giacomo, Lus, Giacomo, Brichetto, Giampaolo, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Borriello, Giovanna, De Luca, Giovanna, Konrad, Giovanna, Vaula, Giovanna, Marfia, Girolama Alessandra, Mallucci, Giulia, Liberatore, Giuseppe, Salemi, Giuseppe, Miele, Giuseppina, Sibilia, Grazia, Pesci, Ilaria, Brambilla, Laura, Lopiano, Leonardo, Sinisi, Leonardo, Pasquali, Livia, Saraceno, Lorenzo, Chiveri, Luca, Mancinelli, Luca, and Grimaldi, Luigi ME

Subjects
Pneumonia & Influenza, Neurodegenerative, Clinical Research, Autoimmune Disease, Brain Disorders, Lung, Multiple Sclerosis, Pneumonia, Neurosciences, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, COVID-19, Dimethyl Fumarate, Female, Fingolimod Hydrochloride, Hospitalization, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Immunosuppressive Agents, Intensive Care Units, Interferons, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Natalizumab, SARS-CoV-2, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, Musc-19 Study Group, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to assess the impact of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies on the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).MethodsWe retrospectively collected data of PwMS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. All the patients had complete follow-up to death or recovery. Severe COVID-19 was defined by a 3-level variable: mild disease not requiring hospitalization versus pneumonia or hospitalization versus intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. We evaluated baseline characteristics and MS therapies associated with severe COVID-19 by multivariate and propensity score (PS)-weighted ordinal logistic models. Sensitivity analyses were run to confirm the results.ResultsOf 844 PwMS with suspected (n = 565) or confirmed (n = 279) COVID-19, 13 (1.54%) died; 11 of them were in a progressive MS phase, and 8 were without any therapy. Thirty-eight (4.5%) were admitted to an ICU; 99 (11.7%) had radiologically documented pneumonia; 96 (11.4%) were hospitalized. After adjusting for region, age, sex, progressive MS course, Expanded Disability Status Scale, disease duration, body mass index, comorbidities, and recent methylprednisolone use, therapy with an anti-CD20 agent (ocrelizumab or rituximab) was significantly associated (odds ratio [OR] = 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-4.74, p = 0.015) with increased risk of severe COVID-19. Recent use (

Published
2021

17. Managing naïve multiple sclerosis patients: how firstline oral medications modify educational time.

Author

Sartori, Arianna, Pasquin, Fulvio, Griggio, Stefania, Dinoto, Alessandro, Baldini, Sara, Bratina, Alessio, Bosco, Antonio, and Manganotti, Paolo

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Multiple sclerosis nurses are involved in all aspects of care, in particular in patients' education about disease-modifying drugs. The availability of oral firstline treatments has had a considerable impact on disease management. The aim of this study was to valuate if the introduction of oral therapies has led to a change in nurses' time spent on education, empowerment and training. A retrospective study was conducted enrolling naïve patients with relapsing-remitting mutliple sclerosis. Working time spent by nurses was compared between patients treated with oral versus injectable drugs. Correlations between time and clinical variables were investigated. A total of 55 patients were enrolled (34 using injectable and 21 using oral medication). For the oral group, less work time (P=0.018) and number of meetings (P=0.004) were needed. Dimethyl fumarate needed a lower number of meetings compared with other drugs. The availability of oral drugs seemed to reduce the amount of working time nurses spent with naïve patients' discussing education and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Discovering Automatable Routines from User Interaction Logs

Author

Bosco, Antonio, Augusto, Adriano, Dumas, Marlon, La Rosa, Marcello, Fortino, Giancarlo, van der Aalst, Wil, Series Editor, Mylopoulos, John, Series Editor, Rosemann, Michael, Series Editor, Shaw, Michael J., Series Editor, Szyperski, Clemens, Series Editor, Hildebrandt, Thomas, editor, van Dongen, Boudewijn F., editor, Röglinger, Maximilian, editor, and Mendling, Jan, editor

Published
2019
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19. Baiting not-owned dogs against Echinococcus granulosus: innovative tools for integrated control

Author

Ciccone, Elena, primary, Bosco, Antonio, additional, Pepe, Paola, additional, Nocerino, Martina, additional, Lattero, Nicola, additional, Umhang, Gerald, additional, AbdElkarim, Laatamna, additional, Lahmar, Samia, additional, Said, Yousra, additional, Saralli, Giorgio, additional, Piegari, Giuseppe, additional, Alterisio, Maria Chiara, additional, Baka, Rania, additional, Sotiraki, Smaragda, additional, Boué, Franck, additional, and Rinaldi, Laura, additional

Published
2024
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20. Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum) anthelmintic treatment on milk production in dairy sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes

Author

Castagna, Fabio, primary, Bava, Roberto, additional, Palma, Ernesto, additional, Morittu, Valeria, additional, Spina, Antonella, additional, Ceniti, Carlotta, additional, Lupia, Carmine, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Bosco, Antonio, additional, Ruga, Stefano, additional, Britti, Domenico, additional, and Musella, Vincenzo, additional

Published
2024
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21. Understanding the uptake of diagnostics for sustainable gastrointestinal nematode control by European dairy cattle farmers: a multi-country cross-sectional study

Author

Vande Velde Fiona, Hektoen Lisbeth, Phythian Claire J., Rinaldi Laura, Bosco Antonio, Hinney Barbara, Gehringer Martin, Strube Christina, May Katharina, Knubben-Schweizer Gabriela, Martins Oliva M.D., Mateus Teresa L., Simion Violeta-Elena, Charlier Johannes, Bartley David J., and Claerebout Edwin

Subjects
dairy cattle, anthelmintic resistance, decision-making, farmer behaviour, multicentre study, structural equation modelling, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

To mitigate emerging anthelmintic resistance (AR) in cattle, sustainable gastrointestinal nematode control strategies should be adopted. A multi-centre study was set up to understand the factors affecting European dairy cattle farmers’ adoption of diagnostics and to gauge for differences between regions. The data were collected through a multi-lingual survey by participating countries of the European Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) action COMbatting Anthelmintic Resistance in ruminants (COMBAR). Four countries provided sufficient data to be included in the data analysis: Norway, Italy, Germany and Austria. Three models were estimated and validated through structural equation modelling. Norway, along with Germany and Austria (pooled dataset) showed similar trends that align with previous studies. AR risk perception had no influence on the adoption intention of diagnostics, a positive influence was found for attitude towards diagnostics and subjective norms (i.e., perceived opinion of others), and a negative influence of attitudes towards anthelminthics. Additionally, routine (i.e., perception of the current treatment) had an indirect effect on adoption intention through attitudes. Italy’s data deviated from these findings, presenting a positive effect of the perceived severity of AR, and perceived behavioural control (i.e., perceived ability to perform a specific behaviour) on adoption intention of diagnostics. Finally, Norway’s data set allowed for inclusion of a measurement of current behaviour in the model, identifying a direct positive effect of the perceived actual behaviour of other farmers on their own behaviour.

Published
2023
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26. COVID-19 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis: Putting Data Into Context

Author

Sormani, Maria Pia, Schiavetti, Irene, Carmisciano, Luca, Cordioli, Cinzia, Filippi, Massimo, Radaelli, Marta, Immovilli, Paolo, Capobianco, Marco, De Rossi, Nicola, Brichetto, Giampaolo, Cocco, Eleonora, Scandellari, Cinzia, Cavalla, Paola, Pesci, Ilaria, Zito, Antonio, Confalonieri, Paolo, Marfia, Girolama Alessandra, Perini, Paola, Inglese, Matilde, Trojano, Maria, Brescia Morra, Vincenzo, Tedeschi, Gioacchino, Comi, Giancarlo, Battaglia, Mario Alberto, Patti, Francesco, Salvetti, Marco, Abbadessa, Gianmarco, Aguglia, Umberto, Allegorico, Lia, Allegri Rossi, Beatrice Maria, Amato, Maria Pia, Annovazzi, Pietro, Antozzi, Carlo, Appendino, Lucia, Arena, Sebastiano, Baione, Viola, Balgera, Roberto, Barcella, Valeria, Baroncini, Damiano, Barrilà, Caterina, Bellacosa, Alessandra, Bellucci, Gianmarco, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Bergamaschi, Valeria, Bezzini, Daiana, Biolzi, Beatrice, Bisecco, Alvino, Bonavita, Simona, Borriello, Giovanna, Bosa, Chiara, Bosco, Antonio, Bovis, Francesca, Bozzali, Marco, Brambilla, Laura, Buccafusca, Maria, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Bucello, Sebastiano, Buscarinu, Maria Chiara, Cabboi, Maria Paola, Calabrese, Massimiliano, Calabria, Francesca, Caleri, Francesca, Camilli, Federico, Caniatti, Luisa Maria, Cantello, Roberto, Capra, Ruggero, Capuano, Rocco, Carta, Patrizia, Celani, Maria Grazia, Cellerino, Maria, Cerqua, Raffaella, Chisari, Clara, Clerici, Raffaella, Clerico, Marinella, Cola, Gaia, Conte, Antonella, Conti, Marta Zaffira, Cordano, Christian, Cordera, Susanna, Corea, Francesco, Correale, Claudio, Cottone, Salvatore, Crescenzo, Francesco, Curti, Erica, dʼAmbrosio, Alessandro, DʼAmico, Emanuele, Danni, Maura Chiara, dʼArma, Alessia, Dattola, Vincenzo, de Biase, Stefano, Luca, Giovanna De, Mercanti, Stefania Federica De, De Mitri, Paolo, De Stefano, Nicola, Cava, Marco Della, Napoli, Mario di, Sapio, Alessia Di, Docimo, Renato, Dutto, Anna, Evangelista, Luana, Fanara, Salvatore, Diana, Ferraro, Ferrò, Maria Teresa, Fioretti, Cristina, Fratta, Mario, Frau, Jessica, Fronza, Marzia, Furlan, Roberto, Gajofatto, Alberto, Gallo, Antonio, Gallo, Paolo, Gasperini, Claudio, Ghazaryan, Anna, Giometto, Bruno, Gobbin, Francesca, Govone, Flora, Granella, Franco, Grange, Erica, Grasso, Maria Grazia, Guareschi, Angelica, Guaschino, Clara, Guerrieri, Simone, Guidetti, Donata, Iaffaldano, Pietro, Ianniello, Antonio, Iasevoli, Luigi, Imperiale, Daniele, Infante, Maria Teresa, Iodice, Rosa, Iovino, Aniello, Konrad, Giovanna, Landi, Doriana, Lanzillo, Roberta, Lapucci, Caterina, Lavorgna, Luigi, LʼEpiscopo, Maria Rita, Leva, Serena, Liberatore, Giuseppe, Lo Re, Marianna, Longoni, Marco, Lopiano, Leonardo, Lorefice, Lorena, Lucchini, Matteo, Lus, Giacomo, Maimone, Davide, Malentacchi, Maria, Mallucci, Giulia, Malucchi, Simona, Mancinelli, Chiara Rosa, Mancinelli, Luca, Manganotti, Paolo, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Mantero, Vittorio, Marangoni, Sabrina, Marastoni, Damiano, Marinelli, Fabiana, Marti, Alessandro, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Masserano Zoli, Federco, Matta, Francesca, Mendozzi, Laura, Meucci, Giuseppe, Miante, Silvia, Miele, Giuseppina, Milano, Eva, Mirabella, Massimiliano, Missione, Rosanna, Moccia, Marcello, Moiola, Lucia, Montepietra, Sara, MontiBragadin, Margherita, Montini, Federico, Motta, Roberta, Nardone, Raffaele, Nicoletti, Carolina Gabri, Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo, Nozzolillo, Agostino, Onofrj, Marco, Orlandi, Riccardo, Palmieri, Anna, Paolicelli, Damiano, Pasquali, Livia, Pastò, Luisa, Pedrazzoli, Elisabetta, Petracca, Maria, Petrone, Alfredo, Piantadosi, Carlo, Pietroboni, Anna M, Pinardi, Federica, Ponzano, Marta, Portaccio, Emilio, Pozzato, Mattia, Pozzilli, Carlo, Prosperini, Luca, Protti, Alessandra, Ragonese, Paolo, Rasia, Sarah, Realmuto, Sabrina, Repice, Anna, Rigoni, Eleonora, Rilla, Maria Teresa, Rinaldi, Francesca, Romano, Calogero Marcello, Ronzoni, Marco, Rovaris, Marco, Ruscica, Francesca, Sabattini, Loredana, Salemi, Giuseppe, Saraceno, Lorenzo, Sartori, Alessia, Sartori, Arianna, Sbragia, Elvira, Scarano, Giuditta Ilaria, Scarano, Valentina, Schillaci, Valentina, Sessa, Maria, Sgarito, Caterina, Sibilia, Grazia, Siciliano, Gabriele, Signori, Alessio, Signoriello, Elisabetta, Sinisi, Leonardo, Sireci, Francesca, Sola, Patrizia, Solaro, Claudio, Sotgiu, Stefano, Sparaco, Maddalena, Stromillo, Maria Laura, Strumia, Silvia, Susani, Emanuela Laura, Tabiadon, Giulietta, Teatini, Francesco, Tomassini, Valentina, Tonietti, Simone, Torri, Clerici Valentina, Tortorella, Carla, Toscano, Simona, Totaro, Rocco, Trotta, Maria, Turano, Gabriella, Ulivelli, Monica, Valentino, Manzo, Vaula, Giovanna, Vecchio, Domizia, Vercellino, Marco, Verrengia, Elena Pinuccia, Vianello, Marika, Virgilio, Eleonora, Vitetta, Francesca, Vollaro, Stefano, Zaffaroni, Mauro, Zampolini, Mauro, Zarbo, Ignazio Roberto, and Zuliani, Luigi

Published
2022
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27. Prevalence of Helminths in Small Ruminant Farms and Evaluation of Control Practices Used to Counter Anthelmintic Resistance in Southern Italy.

Author

Castagna, Fabio, Bava, Roberto, Gagliardi, Marta, Russo, Simone, Poerio, Giusi, Ruga, Stefano, Lupia, Carmine, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Bosco, Antonio, Rinaldi, Laura, Palma, Ernesto, Britti, Domenico, and Musella, Vincenzo

Subjects
SMALL farms, HELMINTHS, RUMINANTS, HAEMONCHUS contortus, FASCIOLA hepatica, SHEEP ranches, SHEEP ranchers, GOATS
Abstract

Anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants is a serious worldwide problem. To reduce their spread, it is essential to know the prevalence of helminths on farms and the control practices adopted. As these studies in the Calabria region of southern Italy are fragmentary and outdated, a study on the prevalence of helminths in small ruminant holdings in this area has been conducted. The measures implemented to control helminths were also evaluated through questionnaires administered to farmers. In particular, on 90 farms (45 sheep and 45 goats), 1800 faecal samples from 900 sheep and 900 goats were collected in the spring. Using the FLOTAC dual technique, parasitological examinations demonstrated the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes in 100% of sheep and goat farms, followed by Nematodirus spp. (84.44% sheep and 48.89% goats), Moniezia spp. (73.33% sheep and 35.56% goats), Trichuris ovis (48.89% sheep and 42.22% goats), lungworms (28.89% sheep and 42.22% goats), Strongyloides papillosus (40% sheep and 26.67% goats), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (13.33% sheep and 26.67% goats), Calicophoron daubneyi (6.67% sheep and 31.11% goats), Fasciola hepatica (6.67% sheep and 4.44% goats), and Skrjabinema ovis (4.44% sheep and goats). The questionnaires showed that 82% and 85% of the farmers had applied pasture rotation, and that 93.3% and 86.6% had used anthelmintics in the previous year for sheep and goats, respectively. Only 24.4% of sheep farmers and 11.3% of goat farmers had carried out parasitological tests prior to treatments. The most used classes of anthelmintics were macrocyclic lactones and benzimidazoles, and only in 21.6% and 15.6%, for sheep and goats, respectively, was drug rotation carried out. These results denote that helminths represent a health problem for small ruminants and highlight a lack of knowledge of parasite control strategies among farmers. In these conditions, anthelmintic resistance phenomena could develop over time. Therefore, it is necessary to implement all possible strategies for the control of helminths, and to prevent the spread of anthelmintic resistance phenomena on farms in southern Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Comparison of Direct and Indirect Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Ovine Using Real-Time PCR, Serological and Histological Techniques.

Author

Condoleo, Roberto, Santori, Davide, Sezzi, Erminia, Serra, Salvatore, Tonon, Sara, Eleni, Claudia, Bosco, Antonio, Papa Caminiti, Lucy Nicole, and Iulietto, Maria Francesca

Subjects
HISTOLOGICAL techniques, TOXOPLASMA gondii, VENTRICULAR septum, DIAGNOSTIC use of polymerase chain reaction, SHEEP parasites, MUSCLE strength, VIRAL antibodies, HEART
Abstract

Simple Summary: Ingesting meat from lamb or mutton containing cysts of Toxoplasma gondii can lead to human infection, defined as toxoplasmosis. Many studies worldwide reported high antibody levels to T. gondii in sheep, but this does not always indicate that tissues destined for consumption contain infectious cysts. This study aimed to understand T. gondii occurrence in sheep muscles and the correlation between seropositivity and parasite presence. Samples from 349 sheep (blood, heart and diaphragm) underwent ELISA, real-time PCR and histological testing. Despite high seroprevalence rates, T. gondii DNA was found in only 3.7% of tested sheep (13/349), all adults. Histological tests did not detect T. gondii tissue cysts in any samples tested. The results agree with previously published research and might be influenced by the uneven distribution of tissue cysts in carcasses or muscle and by the analytical methods used. Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic pathogen and the ingestion of tissue cysts by consumption of lamb or mutton has been identified as a possible cause of infection in humans. Many serological surveys in sheep have been performed, showing relevant serological rates; however, while the detection of antibodies indicates an exposure to T. gondii, this does not necessarily imply the presence of tissue cysts in edible tissue. The current study aims to provide further understanding on the occurrence of T. gondii in sheep muscles and the strength of correlation between serological positivity and presence of the parasite in sheep. From 349 sheep, samples (i.e., blood, heart and diaphragm) were collected and subjected to ELISA tests, real-time PCR and histological tests. Despite the high seroprevalence, T. gondii DNA was detected in the heart and/or the diaphragm from 13 out of the 349 tested sheep (3.7%); all were adults (13/191). Furthermore, the histological tests did not reveal the presence of T. gondii tissue cysts in any of the examined portions of interventricular septum. It should be considered that the likelihood of detecting genetic material of the parasite is probably influenced by the uneven distribution of the tissue cysts in the carcass as well as the methodology applied. The findings of this study support the importance of describing the uncertainty associated with the data used for risk assessment to reduce inaccurate estimation or risk overestimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. Antielmintico resistenza: un fenomeno in espansione nei piccoli ruminanti.

Author

Bosco, Antonio, Rinaldi, Laura, and Cringoli, Giuseppe

Abstract

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Published
2024

32. In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) essential oil against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep

Author

Štrbac, Filip, primary, Krnjajić, Slobodan, additional, Stojanović, Dragica, additional, Ratajac, Radomir, additional, Simin, Nataša, additional, Orčić, Dejan, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Ciccone, Elena, additional, Maurelli, Maria Paola, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, and Bosco, Antonio, additional

Published
2023
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33. Efficacy and Safety of Neem Oil for the Topical Treatment of Bloodsucking Lice Linognathus stenopsis in Goats under Field Conditions

Author

Cotticelli, Alessio, primary, Matera, Roberta, additional, Piscopo, Nadia, additional, Bosco, Antonio, additional, Claps, Salvatore, additional, Del Serrone, Paola, additional, Zoratti, Aloma, additional, Castaldo, Elisa, additional, Veneziano, Vincenzo, additional, Rufrano, Domenico, additional, Neglia, Gianluca, additional, and Buono, Francesco, additional

Published
2023
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38. Use of perennial plants in the fight against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep

Author

Bosco, Antonio, primary, Prigioniero, Antonello, additional, Falzarano, Alessandra, additional, Maurelli, Maria Paola, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, Cringoli, Giuseppe, additional, Quaranta, Giovanni, additional, Claps, Salvatore, additional, Sciarrillo, Rosaria, additional, Guarino, Carmine, additional, and Scarano, Pierpaolo, additional

Published
2023
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39. New distribution patterns of Dirofilaria immitis in Italy

Author

Napoli, Ettore, primary, De Benedetto, Giovanni, additional, Ciuca, Lavinia, additional, Bosco, Antonio, additional, Lia, Riccardo Paolo, additional, Veneziano, Vincenzo, additional, Bezerra Santos, Marcos Antônio, additional, Otranto, Domenico, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, and Brianti, Emanuele, additional

Published
2023
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40. Evaluation of the Local Immune Response to Hydatid Cysts in Sheep Liver

Author

De Biase, Davide, primary, Prisco, Francesco, additional, Pepe, Paola, additional, Bosco, Antonio, additional, Piegari, Giuseppe, additional, d’Aquino, Ilaria, additional, Russo, Valeria, additional, Papparella, Serenella, additional, Maurelli, Maria Paola, additional, Rinaldi, Laura, additional, and Paciello, Orlando, additional

Published
2023
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42. Differences in Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) and Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) and their Anthelmintic Properties

Author

Štrbac, Filip, Simin, Nataša, Orčić, Dejan, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Bosco, Antonio, Stojanović, Dragica, Ratajac, Radomir, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Rinaldi, Laura, Štrbac, Filip, Simin, Nataša, Orčić, Dejan, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Bosco, Antonio, Stojanović, Dragica, Ratajac, Radomir, Cringoli, Giuseppe, and Rinaldi, Laura

Abstract

Plants of the genus Mentha are well-known for their various medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, antispasmodic, analgesic and antiparasitic effects, which are used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of two Mentha species, peppermint (M. piperita) and spearmint (M. spicata), and to evaluate their anthelmintic activity against gastrointestinal nematodes, parasites that have a significantly negative impact on modern sheep farming. The main compounds of peppermint EO, determined by GC-MS analyses, were menthol (32.6%), menthone (22.0%) and isomenthone (9.39%), and those of spearmint were carvone (64.4%), trans-4-caranone (8.67%) and limonene (4.37%). Their anthelmintic effects, assesed using the egg hatch test conducted at eight different concentrations (50, 12.5, 3.125, 0.781, 0.195, 0.049, 0.025 and 0.0125 mg/ml), were 20.0-90.3% and 13.0-93.7%, respectively. Although both tested samples showed high and dose-dependent (R2 = 0.93 and 0.96, respectively) anthelmintic potential, their effect was significantly different at five concentrations (p<0.05). The obtained results suggest the high influence of differences in chemical composition of EOs on their pharmacological properties, although the samples were extracted from similar plant species. These should not be neglected during the preparation of formulation, which is important for finding alternatives to combat resistance in nematode.

Published
2023

43. In Vitro and In Vivo Anthelmintic Efficacy of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) Essential Oil against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep

Author

Štrbac, Filip, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Stojanović, Dragica, Ratajac, Radomir, Simin, Nataša, Orčić, Dejan, Rinaldi, Laura, Ciccone, Elena, Maurelli, Maria Paola, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Bosco, Antonio, Štrbac, Filip, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Stojanović, Dragica, Ratajac, Radomir, Simin, Nataša, Orčić, Dejan, Rinaldi, Laura, Ciccone, Elena, Maurelli, Maria Paola, Cringoli, Giuseppe, and Bosco, Antonio

Abstract

Nowadays, the exclusive use of commercial anthelmintics for the treatment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in ruminants is less sustainable due to anthelmintic resistance, as well as the problem of drug residues in animal products and the environment. Therefore, an integrated therapeutic approach is needed, including the search for alternatives to synthetic anthelmintic drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using the essential oil of peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. For this purpose, the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of this oil and the toxic effects on the hosts were examined. In the in vitro egg hatch test, ovicidal activity varied from 21.0–90.3% depending on the concentration of essential oil used (0.0125, 0.025, 0.049, 0.195, 0.781, 3.125, 12.5, and 50 mg/mL). To some extent, anthelmintic efficacy was confirmed in the in vivo fecal egg count reduction test at a mean dose of 150 mg/kg, with an average reduction of nematode eggs of 26.9 and 46.0% at Days 7 and 14 after treatment, respectively. Furthermore, no toxic effects of applied oil were observed on sheep behavior, kidney, or liver function. The main compounds identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyzes were menthol (32.6%), menthone (22.0%), menthyl-acetate (10.0%), and isomenthone (9.39%). Due to their complex chemical compositions, numerous bioactive ingredients, and natural origin, herbal formulations represent a potentially valuable alternative for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. In this context, the results of the present study showed that peppermint essential oil is one of the promising candidates. Further studies should be performed to collect more data on the safety profile of M. piperita EO in treated animals to find the most appropriate formulation for use in field conditions and to test it against resistant gastrointestinal nematode populations.

Published
2023

44. Botanical Control of Parasites in Veterinary Medicine

Author

Štrbac, Filip, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Stojanović, Dragica, Novakov, Nikolina, Bosco, Antonio, Simin, Nataša, Ratajac, Radomir, Stanković, Slađan, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Rinaldi, Laura, Štrbac, Filip, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Stojanović, Dragica, Novakov, Nikolina, Bosco, Antonio, Simin, Nataša, Ratajac, Radomir, Stanković, Slađan, Cringoli, Giuseppe, and Rinaldi, Laura

Abstract

Phytotherapy may be defined as the use of plants for the treatment of ailments and those represent a practice that dates since ancient times. It refers to the use of whole plants, their parts such as flowers, leaves, roots and seeds as well as substances extracted from them (plant extracts and essential oils) for treating various diseases. It also may imply their use to support traditional treatment with commercial drugs. Plants and their extracts are an important part of pharmacopoeia in less developed parts of the world, but more recently in the advancement societies. However, plant-based products may also be used for the treatment of diseases in animals, prevalently in livestock. Ethnopharmacology may be implied in veterinary medicine due to the potential therapeutic efficacy, reduced susceptibility to microbial and parasitic resistance, as well as lowered risk of adverse effects and decreased residues in animal products and environment in comparison with chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, botanical control of various diseases in animals can also be sustainable from the financial point of view. Therefore, medicinal plants are a valuable part of the field of drug discovery and represent an important source of new drugs and drug leads. In this regard, antiparasitic properties are a common point of focus in studies aimed to validate the pharmacological effects of herbal products. A huge number of such plants and their products are considered suitable for the treatment of almost every parasitic disease in livestock. In pets, there are also an increasing number of such studies in dogs and cats, whereby plants product were proven to be effective against various parasites.

Published
2023

49. The FLOTAC basic technique as a new extraction method for root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from soil and roots

Author

Troccoli, Alberto, d’Errico, Giada, D’Addabbo, Trifone, Sasanelli, Nicola, Bosco, Antonio, Maurelli, Maria P., Rinaldi, Laura, Cringoli, Giuseppe, Troccoli, Alberto, D’Errico, Giada, D’Addabbo, Trifone, Sasanelli, Nicola, Bosco, Antonio, Maurelli, Maria P., Rinaldi, Laura, and Cringoli, Giuseppe

Abstract

FLOTAC Techniques have been widely acknowledged as an effective method for the extraction of human and animal parasites. The present study is the first application of FLOTAC basic technique (FBT) for the extraction of phytoparasitic nematodes from soil and infested plant roots. Eggs and second stage juveniles (J2) of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita were extracted from infested soil and tomato roots either by FBT and conventional nematode extraction methods, such as centrifugal flotation and root maceration techniques, respectively. The number of M. incognita J2 and eggs extracted from soil by FBT was always significantly higher compared to the extraction with the centrifugal flotation method, averaging 277 vs 35 eggs and J2 mL-1 soil. Conversely, no significant differences were observed between FBT and the root maceration technique in the extraction of eggs and J2 from tomato roots. Results demonstrated that FBT can be highly effective also for the extraction of phytoparasitic nematodes. Due to its accuracy and sensitivity, FBT seems particularly suitable for nematode surveys in wide geographical areas, where an accurate and rapid detection of present phytoparasitic nematofauna is required.

Published
2022
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