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Due to their very good chemical and proteolytic stability, ability to penetrate cell membranes, and resemblance to a peptide bond, carbamate derivatives have received much attention in recent years and got an important role in modern drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. Today, carbamates make structural and/or functional part of many drugs and prodrugs approved and marketed for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, epilepsy, hepatitis C, HIV infection, and Alzheimer’s disease. In drugs they can play a role in drug-target interaction or improve the biological activity of parent molecules. In prodrugs they are mainly used to delay first-pass metabolism and enhance the bioavailability and effectiveness of compounds. This brief review takes a look at the properties and use of carbamates in various fields of medicine and provides quick insights into the mechanisms of action for some of them.

Opioid overdose deaths are dramatically increasing in the United States and disproportionately affecting minority communities, with the increasing presence of fentanyl exacerbating this crisis. Developing community coalitions is a long-standing strategy used to address public health issues. However, there is a limited understanding of how coalitions operate amid a serious public health crisis. To address this gap, we leveraged data from the HEALing Communities Study (HCS)--a multisite implementation study aiming to reduce opioid overdose deaths in 67 communities. Researchers analyzed transcripts of 321 qualitative interviews conducted with members of 56 coalitions in the four states participating in the HCS. There were no a priori interests in themes, and emergent themes were identified through inductive thematic analysis and then mapped to the constructs of the Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT). Themes emerged related to coalition development and highlighted the role of health equity in the inner workings of coalitions addressing the opioid epidemic. Coalition members reported seeing the lack of racial and ethnic diversity within their coalitions as a barrier to their work. However, when coalitions focused on health equity, they noted that their effectiveness and ability to tailor their initiatives to their communities' needs were strengthened. Based on our findings, we suggest two additions to enhance the CCAT: (a) incorporating health equity as an overarching construct that affects all stages of development, and (b) ensuring that data about individuals served are included within the pooled resource construct to enable monitoring of health equity.

Temperature dependences of diffuse scattering of synchrotron radiation on model relaxor single crystal Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 have been studied in the temperature interval 90 – 290 K in the vicinities of lattice points (3 3 2), (4 1 2) and (0 0 2) in the directions [0 0 1], [0 1 0] and [1 -1 0]. It is shown, that this diffuse scattering (DS) is a strongly anisotropic. Its intensity IDS(T,q) is proportional q-α, where q is a reduce wavevector. The temperature dependences of the parameters α have been obtained, and it is established, that the microscopic modification of structure in Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 continues on cooling below a transition in the relaxor state.

The article highlights the key issues of intellectual capital management of enterprises. The existence of these problems has a systemic nature and their solution goes beyond the micro level of business. Intellectual capital, as an object of management, is not homogeneous. There are many related and adjacent concepts. The improvement of the terminology apparatus is based on the study of the essential characteristics of certain categories and the identification of the links between them. A separate problem is the structuring of intellectual capital. Within the three traditional constituents (human, organizational and consumer capital), the author presents his own specification of elements of intellectual capital. The problem of the economic evaluation of intellectual capital and its elements lies in the subjectivity of existing methods. Comparative analysis of evaluation methods, identifying their advantages and disadvantages for individual cases allows us to find the best way to evaluate. The author proposes solving the problem of methodology of intellectual capital management at the intersection of functional and process approaches to management. The obtained results have a theoretical character and are the basis for development of applied methods of management of intellectual capital of enterprises.

Pustular mats from Shark Bay, Western Australia, host complex microbial communities bound within an organic matrix. These mats harbour many poorly characterized organisms with low relative abundances (

No abstract available. Article truncated at 150 words. History of Present Illness A 69-year-old man was admitted to the ICU with severe nausea, abdominal pain and acute blindness. About a week prior, he suffered urinary frequency and was prescribed ciprofloxacin with a presumptive diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Over the course of the week his urinary frequency resolved, but he developed progressive nausea and vomiting, to the point that he was unable to keep any food down. Three days prior to admission he became anuric and developed diffuse lower abdominal pain. He denied fever, dysuria, cough and headache. He suffered 12 hours of intractable vomiting overnight, followed by the onset of severe photophobia with the dawn, and presented to our emergency room the following morning. PMH, SH, FH The patient is a retired police officer with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus and benign prostatic hypertrophy. The patient denied tobacco, or illicit drug use. Medications GlipizideMetformin

The most acceptable way to prevent and eliminate negative phenomena arising from devastating landscapes is phytomelioration. To assess the suitability of the landfill's surface for phytomelioration measures, it is necessary to determine the species composition, physiological stability, density, and completeness of the tree stand (in case of the tree species development) already developing as a result of natural overgrowth. The present work examines the ecological succession of three large urban landfills within the Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine - Lviv, Ternopil, and Lutsk. It was established that the maximum phytomass is characteristic of the gentle slopes of landfills with relatively stable moisture index, and developed soil, which gives reason to attribute the plant groups to the endoecogenesis stage while there are no garbage dumping processes. Three stages of overgrowth were identified for all landfills – syngenetic succession, initial endoecogenetic succession, and mature endoecogenetic succession. The taxonomic structure of the flora of the urban landfills of the Western Forest Steppe is represented by the divisions Magnoliophyta, Pinophyta, Polypodiophyta, Bryophyta, and the classes Magnoliopsida, Liliopsida, Pinopsida, Equisetopsida, Polytrichopsida. The phytomeliorative efficiency of vegetation at solid waste landfills shows that the surface of landfills in the Western Forest Steppe is dominated by stunted plants and the phytomelioration coefficient is low. Thus, the surface of the landfill is suitable for phytomelioration and reclamation works and landfill decommissioning. The phytomeliorative efficiency of vegetation at solid waste landfills shows that the surface of landfills in the Western Forest Steppe is dominated by stunted plants and the phytomelioration coefficient is low. Thus, the surface of the landfill is suitable for phytomelioration and reclamation works and landfill decommissioning.

Background Several studies have examined the impact of leadership on employee well-being and health. However, this research has focused on a variable-centred approach. By contrast, the present study adopts a person-centred approach. Aims To (a) identify latent ‘resources’ profiles among two samples combining vigour at work, work engagement and physical activity levels; (b) examine the link between the identified profiles and indicators of psychological/physical health; and (c) test whether different levels of transformational leadership determine the probability of belonging to a particular profile. Method Two samples of workers, S1 and S2 (NS1 = 354; NS2 = 158), completed a cross-sectional survey before their annual medical examination. Results For S1, the results of latent profile analysis yielded three profiles: spiritless, spirited and high-spirited. Both high-spirited and spirited profiles showed a positive relationship with mental health, whereas spiritless showed a negative relationship. For S2, two profiles (spirited and spiritless) were replicated, with similar effects on mental health, but none of them was related to total cholesterol. In both samples, transformational leadership determined the probability of belonging to a particular profile. Conclusions Transformational leadership increased the probability of belonging to a more positive profile and, therefore, to better workers’ health.

Abstract The Mars Sample Return mission intends to retrieve a sealed collection of rocks, regolith, and atmosphere sampled from Jezero Crater, Mars, by the NASA Perseverance rover mission. For all life-related research, it is necessary to evaluate water availability in the samples and on Mars. Within the first Martian year, Perseverance has acquired an estimated total mass of 355 g of rocks and regolith, and 38 μmoles of Martian atmospheric gas. Using in-situ observations acquired by the Perseverance rover, we show that the present-day environmental conditions at Jezero allow for the hydration of sulfates, chlorides, and perchlorates and the occasional formation of frost as well as a diurnal atmospheric-surface water exchange of 0.5–10 g water per m2 (assuming a well-mixed atmosphere). At night, when the temperature drops below 190 K, the surface water activity can exceed 0.5, the lowest limit for cell reproduction. During the day, when the temperature is above the cell replication limit of 245 K, water activity is less than 0.02. The environmental conditions at the surface of Jezero Crater, where these samples were acquired, are incompatible with the cell replication limits currently known on Earth.

Abstract The Perseverance rover has collected seven oriented samples of sedimentary rocks, all likely older than the oldest signs of widespread life on Earth, at the exposed base of the western fan in Jezero crater, Mars. The samples include a sulfate‐ and clay‐bearing mudstone and sandstone, a fluvial sandstone from a stratigraphically low position at the fan front, and a carbonate‐bearing sandstone deposited above the sulfate‐bearing strata. All samples contain aqueously precipitated materials and most or all were aqueously deposited. Although the rover instruments have not confidently detected organic matter in the rocks from the fan front, the much more sensitive terrestrial instruments will still be able to search for remnants of prebiotic chemistries and past life, and study Mars's past habitability in the samples returned to Earth. The hydrated, sulfate‐bearing mudstone has the highest potential to preserve organic matter and biosignatures, whereas the carbonate‐bearing sandstones can be used to constrain when and for how long Jezero crater contained liquid water. Returned sample science analyses of sulfate, carbonate, clay, phosphate and igneous minerals as well as trace metals and volatiles that are present in the samples acquired at the fan front would provide transformative insights into past habitable environments on Mars, the evolution of its magnetic field, atmosphere and climate and the past and present cycling of atmospheric and crustal water, sulfur and carbon.

Abstract Introduction Examining the safety of theBNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients remains inconclusive, particularly regarding the potential for disease exacerbations. This study aims to assess the effects of BNT162b2 COVID‐19 vaccination on disease activity in MS patients through sequential MRI imaging. Methods A retrospective study of 84 MS patients from five Israeli hospitals was conducted. MS lesion load was determined from three brain MRI scans, one postvaccination and two prevaccination scans. A post hoc analysis compared subgroups featuring vaccinated and unvaccinated patients respectively, with early onset MS. Results The cohort included 70 women with early onset (mean age 16.4 ± 0.8 years) and adult onset (mean age 34.9 ± 1.1 years) MS. Among the early onset group, vaccinated patients showed an increased risk of new lesions (p = .00026), while there was no increased risk among adult‐onset patients. Additionally, a comparison between early onset vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups revealed a higher risk of increased lesions in the vaccinated group (p = .024). Discussion Overall, the study suggests that the BNT162b2 vaccine is generally safe in MS patients, with no association found between vaccination and new lesions in most patients. However, close MRI follow‐up is recommended for early‐onset MS cases to monitor lesion development.

Inflammation can lead to persistent and irreversible loss of retinal neurons and photoreceptors in mammalian vertebrates. In contrast, in the adult zebrafish brain, acute neural inflammation is both necessary and sufficient to stimulate regeneration of neurons. Here, we report on the critical, positive role of the immune system to support retina regeneration in adult zebrafish. After sterile ablation of photoreceptors by phototoxicity, we find rapid response of immune cells, especially monocytes/microglia and neutrophils, which returns to homeostatic levels within 14 days post lesion. Pharmacological or genetic impairment of the immune system results in a reduced Müller glia stem cell response, seen as decreased reactive proliferation, and a strikingly reduced number of regenerated cells from them, including photoreceptors. Conversely, injection of the immune stimulators flagellin, zymosan, or M-CSF into the vitreous of the eye, leads to a robust proliferation response and the upregulation of regeneration-associated marker genes in Müller glia. Our results suggest that neuroinflammation is a necessary and sufficient driver for retinal regeneration in the adult zebrafish retina.

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the key determinants of the external environment, which significantly affect the formation and financing of modern marketing strategies in the field of information technology. The study analyzes the system of financing marketing strategies in the field of information technology in Ukraine. According to the results of the literature review, the synergistic effect of the influence of determinants on the policy of formation and financing of marketing strategies in the field of information technology is identified. For this purpose, the method of economic analysis was used to assess the strength of the relationship between different determinants, the synergetic method, which revealed a possible group effect on the formation and financing of marketing strategies. In addition, the method of multiple regression analysis was used to reflect the influence of factors on the level of financing of marketing strategies in the field of information technology. The innovativeness of the obtained results is disclosed through the developed scientific approach to assessing the relationship of certain determinants in the field of formation and financing of modern marketing strategies in the field of information technology by identifying the common effect of influence. The results of the study substantiate the fact that martial law has a negative impact on the formation and financing of modern marketing strategies in the field of information technology. The results of the calculations showed that the development of information technology is explained by significant changes in the external environment. The study has limitations in the form of taking into account only the field of information technology and not taking into account other factors that also indirectly have an impact. Prospects for further research will be aimed at studying the determinants of the post-war period.

Enzymes catalyze key reactions within Earths life-sustaining biogeochemical cycles. Here, we use metaproteomics to examine the enzymatic capabilities of the microbial community (0.2 to 3 µm) along a 5,000-km-long, 1-km-deep transect in the central Pacific Ocean. Eighty-five percent of total protein abundance was of bacterial origin, with Archaea contributing 1.6%. Over 2,000 functional KEGG Ontology (KO) groups were identified, yet only 25 KO groups contributed over half of the protein abundance, simultaneously indicating abundant key functions and a long tail of diverse functions. Vertical attenuation of individual proteins displayed stratification of nutrient transport, carbon utilization, and environmental stress. The microbial community also varied along horizontal scales, shaped by environmental features specific to the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, the oxygen-depleted Eastern Tropical North Pacific, and nutrient-rich equatorial upwelling. Some of the most abundant proteins were associated with nitrification and C1 metabolisms, with observed interactions between these pathways. The oxidoreductases nitrite oxidoreductase (NxrAB), nitrite reductase (NirK), ammonia monooxygenase (AmoABC), manganese oxidase (MnxG), formate dehydrogenase (FdoGH and FDH), and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CoxLM) displayed distributions indicative of biogeochemical status such as oxidative or nutritional stress, with the potential to be more sensitive than chemical sensors. Enzymes that mediate transformations of atmospheric gases like CO, CO2, NO, methanethiol, and methylamines were most abundant in the upwelling region. We identified hot spots of biochemical transformation in the central Pacific Ocean, highlighted previously understudied metabolic pathways in the environment, and provided rich empirical data for biogeochemical models critical for forecasting ecosystem response to climate change.

Relevance. Multi-tiered onion (Allium proliferum Schrad.) refers to valuable perennial spicy-aromatic and medical crops and is widely used in various sectors of the economy: coolies and food industry, traditional and folk medicine.Methods. The aim of the research was to study the economically useful characteristics of new zoned varieties of multi-tiered onions. The objects of research were the local population and new zoned author's varieties of multi-tiered onions Uzgorak and Pachastunak selected by the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy. The studies were carried out in the field and laboratory according to generally accepted methods.Results. As a result of the research, the main morphological, morphometric and phenological characteristics, yield and quality of marketable products (green mass) of the local population and new zoned varieties of multi-tiered onions were studied. The multi-tiered onion variety Uzgorak formed a yield of green mass of 180–190 c/ha, Pachastunak – 185–195 c/ha with a dry matter content of 12.4 and 12.9 %, respectively, crude protein – 17.4 and 17.5% upon reaching technological ripeness in 24–27 and 20–25 days. New author's varieties of multi-tiered onions Uzgorak and Pachastunak are included in the State Register of Varieties of Agricultural Plants of the Republic Belarus and are recommended for home gardening.

This paper presents investigations of phase transformations during the crystallization of Sr1.5La0.5FeMoO6-δ by the solid-phase technique from a stoichiometric mixture of oxides MoO3, La2O3 and Fe2O3 and SrCO3 and precursors Sr0.5La0.5FeO3 and SrMoO4. Using XRD and thermogravimetric analyses, the influence of synthesis modes on the chemical processes occurring during the formation of double perovskite was studied. It has been established that the synthesis of lanthanum-strontium ferromolybdate in a mixture of oxides proceeds through a number of series-parallel stages. At the initial stage of interaction, the resulting lanthanum-strontium ferromolybdate is enriched with iron and its composition changes during the reaction towards an increase in the molybdenum content. As the temperature increases, the content of double perovskite increases, and the concentration of the secondary phase SrMoO4 does not disappear to zero until the synthesis temperature, which indicates that solid-phase reactions with the formation of a solid solution Sr1.5La0.5FeMoO6-δ from oxides are difficult to occur. It was determined that to minimize the influence of intermediate reaction products it is necessary to use precursors Sr0.5La0.5FeO3 and SrMoO4. Based on the results of studying the temperature dependences of the degree of phase transformations during the crystallization of double perovskite, combined heating modes were optimized. The use of optimized synthesis modes made it possible to obtain single-phase Sr1.5La0.5FeMoO6-δ powder with the superstructural ordering (82%), the Curie temperature of 450 K and a magnetization value of 40.9 A · m2 · kg-1 at T = 77 K in a magnetic field with induction B ≥ 0.86 T.

Unemployment is one of the most important problems affecting people in all countries. It affects the functioning of entire economies, industries, and enterprises; it also reduces the level and quality of people’s lives. The dynamic changes that are taking place in the labor market are forcing entrepreneurs to adopt a flexible approach to labor market resources – that is, employees – and also to choose appropriate forms of human capital management. This may lead to a reduction in unemployment in the market. Consequently, tackling unemployment is one of the important challenges facing the European Union, especially on its way to achieving sustainable development goals. High levels of unemployment could significantly hamper the achievement of the Agenda 2030 employment targets (SDG8), leading to poverty, social and economic inequality, and social instability. Therefore, the subject of this study is unemployment in EU countries; the main objective is to examine unemployment levels across EU member states. The deliberations and analysis are carried out in the context of the Agenda 2030 Goal 8 (SDG 8) for sustainable development. Taking into account the different degrees of implementation of SDG8 by individual Member States, and thus the different results in this respect, the study finds differences and similarities among the surveyed Member States in terms of types and levels of unemployment. The research is based on Eurostat data for 2022, and uses multidimensional comparative analysis methods such as cluster analysis and linear ordering. A review of selected sources on international and European law focuses on employment policy standards, including the problem of unemployment; this serves as a background for the analyses. The considerations are embedded in the concept of sustainable development, which influences the functioning of entire economies, but also in the processes of enterprise management. Based on the literature and the results of the analyses, it is concluded that levels of unemployment vary greatly in the analyzed countries. The best conditions for availability and accessibility of work are found in the Czech Republic and Malta; the worst are in Spain and Greece, where unemployment is very high.

The article presents the description of three clinical cases of the successful treatment of toe onychomycosis and athlete’s foot of various etiologies using 5% amorolfine antifungal nail lacquer. The first case: a 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with white superficial onychomycosis of great toe caused by Trichophyton rubrum. The treatment with 5% amorolfine once a week for 6 months resulted in full recovery (both mycological and clinical). The second case: a 42-year-old woman developed onychomycosis after the application of decorative coating on her nails; onychomycosis was caused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. She was treated with itraconazole pulse therapy and 5% amorolfine lacquer. She fully recovered. The third case: a 65-year-old man with total onychomycosis of 10 toes developed the skin mycosis of the left foot and lower third of the leg. He was prescribed a therapy with sertaconazole cream and 5% amorolfine lacquer. The use of 5% amorolfine lacquer was continued to prevent from recurrent dermatomycosis. Thus, the above mentioned cases are a good example of the advantages of using 5% amorolfine lacquer in the treatment of most toe onychomycosis types caused by any pathogens (dermatophytes, yeasts or molds).

Introduction Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, particularly those with severe negative symptoms (NS) and treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS), have poorer oral health than the general population, which can have serious consequences beyond oral and dental problems, but remains poorly addressed in psychiatric clinical practice and mental health research. Objectives To investigate the association between oral health-related subjective quality of life (OHR-sQoL) and severity of NS in TRS. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertiary psychiatric clinic in Croatia during 2022-2023. The target population were patients diagnosed with TRS with more pronounced NS. The outcome was the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) scale and its five dimensions. Exposure was OHR-sQoL measured by the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHR-sQoL). We tested the hypothesis using multivariable linear hierarchical regression analysis. Results We enrolled 130 participants with a median (interquartile range) age of 43 (36-51) years, with an equal number of women and men. Total SNS and OHR-sQoL scores were found to be significantly associated in both bivariate and multivariable analysis adjusted for a large number of covariates (R2 increase over the effect of covariates = 0.22; p < 0.001; false discovery rate < 5%). Total SNS score was significantly associated with the functional limitation dimension of the OHIP-49, as well as diminished emotional range with psychological discomfort, physical and psychological disability, and anhedonia with functional limitation. Figure 1. Scatter plot of the correlation between the total score of the Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49); the solid line represents the 80% smoothed local polynomial regression curve; the dashed line represents the linear regression line (n = 130) Image: Conclusions NS of TRS are relatively strongly associated with OHR-sQoL, especially with functional limitations. The robustness of this association was confirmed by controlling for a large number of covariates. If the relationship between NS and OHR-sQoL is bidirectional, which should be verified by future studies, perhaps for further progress in solving the serious problems of NS and TRS it will be necessary to include the comorbidity with oral diseases and oral functional disorders and OHR-sQoL. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress are more common in the population of nurses working in psychiatric hospitals than in many other segments of the health care system. These three elements of psychological distress (depression, anxiety, stress) may reduce the nurse’s ability to establish quality therapeutic relationships with patients, which are very important in the treatment of mental disorders. Some studies suggest that prosocial personality traits may have a protective role. Other research suggests that high levels of empathy, for example, may increase secondary traumatisation and lead to more pronounced symptoms of distress. Objectives The main objective of the study was to examine the association of prosocial personality traits with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in nurses employed in a psychiatric clinic. The hypothesis was that more pronounced prosocial personality traits are associated with a lower expression of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Methods The target population were nurses employed in a psychiatric hospital working directly with patients. No sample was selected, but the whole available population was invited to participate. The independent variable was prosocial personality traits measured by the Prosocial Personality Battery (PSB). The outcome was symptoms of distress (depression, anxiety and stress) measured using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The hypothesis was tested using three linear regression analyses. Results Total of 63 MST were included with a median (interquartile range) age of 34 (24-42) years. Prosocial personality traits were statistically significantly associated with scores on the DASS-21 subscale measuring depression: personal distress (PD) (r = 0.32; P = 0.01) and self-reported altruism (r = 0.30; P = 0.02). Only the subscale measuring the specific personality trait of personal distress (PD) was statistically significantly correlated with the scores of the other two DASS-21 subscales, anxiety and stress (anxiety: r = 0.54; P < 0.001; stress: 0.46; P < 0.001). Helpfulness was negatively related to anxiety (b = -0.29; P = 0.03). Conclusions This research partially confirmed the hypothesis that stronger prosocial personality traits are associated with a lower prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in the MST of employees in a psychiatric clinic. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Symptoms of anxiety can worsen cognitive decline in people with dementia, and symptoms of dementia and fears of further cognitive decline can cause anxiety. Advanced dementia is not necessarily associated with a loss of emotion, which means that people may still experience anxiety, but their ability to cope in a healthy way is reduced. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that hospital care alone can contribute to the severity of anxiety symptoms due to change in routine of daily activities, unfamiliar surroundings, uncertainty about health status, prognosis and various medical procedures. There are differences between women and men in the prevalence, course and manifestation of both dementia and anxiety disorders. Objectives To examine whether there are differences between women and men in the association of hospital anxiety with eight symptoms of dementia: difficulties with memory, orientation, judgement, problem solving, fulfilling social obligations, daily activities at home and with hobbies, or personal care, in patients with mild to moderate dementia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sveti Ivan Psychiatric Clinic in Zagreb in June 2023. The target population were hospitalised patients diagnosed with dementia, both genderes, aged 60-90 years, without psychotic disorder. Anxiety during hospitalisation was measured using the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A), and the severity of dementia symptoms was measured using the Dementia Assessment Instrument (CDR). The hypothesis was tested using Wald test of differences between women and men in unstandardised linear regression coefficients of the HADS-A on individual dementia symptoms, after adjustment for age, education, presence of a married or stable non-marital partner and duration of current hospitalisation. Results We enrolled 65 women and 35 men of comparable age. There were significant gender-related differences in the association between hospital anxiety and difficulties with judgement (P = 0.01), fulfilling social obligations (P < 0.001), difficulties with home and hobbies (P = 0.02), and personal care (P = 0.00). In women, more pronounced difficulties with judgement and with home and hobbies were associated with higher anxiety, and in men the presence of these two symptoms of dementia was associated with lower anxiety. Difficulties with fulfilling social obligations are associated with lower anxiety in women and higher anxiety in men. Difficulties with personal care were associated with lower anxiety in both genders, but this effect was stronger in men. Conclusions There are differences between women and men in the association between anxiety during hospital treatment and the severity of individual dementia symptoms. These differences are present in difficulties with judgement, fulfilling social obligations, home, hobbies and personal care. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Background Tribal elderly is a vulnerable population due to their geographic location and lack of access to healthcare services including poor oral health. As the primary initiative for representative ethnic oral health survey for elderly, this pilot study aims to assess the oral health status of tribal elderly in Bangladesh and identify the associated risk factors. Methods This cross-sectional pilot survey was conducted among 280 tribal elderlies aged 60 years and above residing in the main tribal residing region in Bangladesh. The data was collected through cluster sampling methods using a semi-structured questionnaire and oral examination. Different statistical tools including frequency distribution, Chi-square association test and multivariable logistic regression model were performed in data analysis. Results The results showed that 25.35% of the tribal elderly had high DMFT score, indicating poor oral health. Respondents’ age, sex, marital status, occupational status, sweet eater, tobacco, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with oral health. The major oral clinical sign and symptoms were dental carries, teeth sensitivity, loose teeth, broken teeth, calculus and staining in teeth, tongue pain and bad breath. The logistic regression analysis suggested that elderly aged 80 and above had 3.33 times more, males were 4.6 time less, tobacco user (smoked/smokeless) were 2.03 times more and alcohol consumers were 6.83 times more likely to experienced poor oral health condition than their counterparts. Conclusions Elderly individuals were found to be more likely to suffer from poor oral health condition than younger individuals, and certain lifestyle factors such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, meal frequency, and sweet consumption can further increase the risk of poor oral health condition. The findings can be a primary initiative for further investigation on the nationally representative oral health survey among ethnic elderly.