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Tourism is one of the world-leading businesses that represent a major generator of socio-economic development in many countries, even underdeveloped ones. The events are activities that belong to a group of formed activities, which should be a part of every tourist destination that aims to have successfully developed tourism. Trips that are primarily focused on visiting certain manifestations are portrayed as tourism of manifestations or event tourism. The manifestations are spatio-temporal phenomena, each unique due to the mutual interaction of place, domiciled inhabitants, tourists, and the managing system, including program and concept. The events that bring tourists to a certain destination can be related to culture, art, sports, entertainment, business, and even politics. This paper aims to emphasize the importance of ethnographic manifestations in Serbia as indeed a priceless intangible cultural heritage that has a huge influence and significance on the development of the local environment, as well as on the positioning of the entire country as a manifestational tourist destination with over 2500 events per year.

The way of eating in a certain historical period in a country can be an interesting indicator of the economic, agricultural and social climate, but also of various influences from the environment. Dining in the Middle Ages was conditioned by social and material status. The way of life in the city and the village differed, and this can easily be established on the basis of their tables. Peasants had to grow their own livestock, grains, fruits and vegetables, while the privileged bought them at the markets or imported them from abroad. The limited availability of products that can be used to prepare meals made the people in the countryside more appreciative of everything they produced, and wasting food was almost unthinkable. The study of food production and methods of preparation and consumption has become interesting to science only in the last few decades - studies of other sociological activities took precedence. The table is a precise indicator of all life circumstances: social status, joys and sorrows, traditions or rituals. In addition, the geographical position of Serbia on the Balkan Peninsula, where the roads between Europe and Asia cross, has resulted in the mixing of different cultures, and thus has influenced the culture of food. The medieval population of Serbia inhabited geographically diverse areas, there were frequent migrations, wars, looting and robbery. Serbia was often affected by droughts and diseases, but marriages were also made between noble families. All that left its mark on Serbian cuisine. The meeting of Oriental and Central European cultures brought variety in the number of foods, their processing and processing, storage methods and customs, as well as table manners. The beginnings of the national cuisine of the Serbs are linked to the Nemanjić dynasty. There are numerous historical sources about the development of culinary culture, and reliable testimonies are church charters and similar sources.

Modern trends in the tourism market, especially at a time when the world is affected by an epidemic of global proportions, has conditioned the return to nature, healthy lifestyles, domestic products and the need for psychophysical rest. More and more tourists are opting for shorter trips and stays in rural areas, away from the crowds that are present in popular tourist destinations. The Russian Federation is an area with significant resources for the development of rural tourism. Today, a number of Russian regions, relying on the unique nature, rich cultural and material heritage, traditions of the rural population are successfully implementing projects in the field of rural tourism. Such regions include the Kaluga, Vologda and Yaroslavl regions, the Altai Republic, Buryatia and Khakassia, and many others. According to the latest research, the potential of rural tourism in Russia in the next 10-15 years can be estimated at 50 billion rubles. The aim of this paper is to point out the possibilities of improving and developing rural tourism in the region based on this example of good practice.

Introduction. Ring chromosome 20 [r(20)] syndrome is a rare genetic abnormality where two arms of the 20th chromosome fuse forming a ring chromosome, resulting in intractable epilepsy and wide range of behavioral problems and cognitive deficits. Case report. We presented four patients with r (20) syndrome diagnosed between the years 2000–2018. In all patients we analyzed clinical epilepsy features (seizure semiology, seizure frequency/drug response, the presence of nonconvulsive status epilepticus), cognitive status and the phenotype characteristics. The average age of epilepsy onset was 6 years. All four patients had nocturnal epileptic events and normal brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Dysmorphism was present in two children, behavioral problems also in two children and intellectual disabilities were observed in three children. R(20) syndrome mosaicism ranged between 17% and 83% of blood lymphocytes. Conclusion. Despite the small size of our group, we think that our findings have clinical relevance. Refractory child-hood onset epilepsy and especially the occurrence of nocturnal epileptic events should help physicians to recognize this chromosomopathy. Routine karyotyping can be employed to identify the patients easily.

The article describes case reports of bovine parafilariosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The cutaneous filaria Parafilaria bovicola causes the said vector-borne parasitic disease. Earlier cases have been reported in Asia, Africa and south America. Also discussed were the diagnosis of the disease and the high effectivity of ivermectin as treatment.

Introduction. Lissencephaly (“smooth brain”) forms a major group of brain malformations due to abnormal neuronal migration. It can cause severe intellectual and motor disability and epilepsy in children. The prenatal diagnosis of this malformation is rare. Case report. We presented a case of the prenatal diagnosis of lissencephaly. A 30-year old pregnant woman was reffered to the hospital at the week 35 of gestation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after an ultrasound examination demonstrated fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly. Fetal MRI of the brain showed “smooth”, agyrya cortex. The female infant was born at term with birth weight of 2,500 g and Apgar score 8, showing global developmental delay. Postnatal ultrasound and MRI confirmed classical lissencephaly. She is now 8 years old and has spastic quadriparesis, mental retardation and epilepsy. Conclusion. Confirmation of the ultrasound diagnosis with MRI is desirable for the prenatal diagnosis of lissencephaly.

Current standards insufficiently acknowledge the influence of the wound micro-environment on the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. To address this, octenidine/phenoxyethanol, polyhexanide, povidone-iodine, and sodium-hypochloride/hypochlorous acid solutions were submitted to standard-based (DIN-EN-13727) or modified peptide-based challenges and compared to a simulated clinical reference using human acute or chronic wound exudate (AWF/CWF). Antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was compared using a quantitative suspension method. Agreement between methods were investigated using Bland-Altman (B&A) analysis. Different substances and challenges demonstrated diverging results, depending on class and concentration of agent and challenge. Highly concentrated antiseptics maintained a high efficacy under complex challenges, while especially chlorine-based irrigation solutions showed a remarkably reduced antimicrobial effect. Composition of challenge substance proved more relevant than pure concentration. Therefore, the current standard challenge conditions did not adequately reflect the wound micro-environment with over- or under-estimating antimicrobial efficacy, whilst the modified peptide-challenge showed a higher level of agreement with simulated realistic conditions (AWF/CWF). The results emphasize that a "one-fits-all" approach is not feasible to generalize antimicrobial efficacy, as certain aspects of the complex micro-environment pose a differing influence on varying agents. Based on these results, revision and target focused adaptation of the current standards should be considered.