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Objective: To analyze the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and mother's knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a random sample of 163 preschool children aged 3-4 old in southern Brazil. The severity of dental caries and ECC was assessed by ICDAS criteria, while mothers completed the semi-structured questionnaire (KAP-ECC). Maternal behavior characteristics and answered questions about socioeconomic and demographic variables. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of exploratory variables with ECC. For this approach, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% IC). Results: Dental examinations revealed that 91.4% of children presented ECC (ICDAS = 3, 4, 5 or 6). Among those children, 31.9% presented cavities (ICDAS = 3). Family income was significantly associated with the presence of ECC (OR 2.17; 95% CI: 1.41-3.36). Regarding KAP-ECC, mothers have knowledge related to ECC etiology, reported dental hygiene attitudes and practices that can prevent ECC but reported less healthy attitudes and practices regarding child's diet, specifically with respect to bottle and breastfeeding habits (OR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.33-0.81). Conclusion: ECC was more frequent in children from low-income families and whose mothers reported the belief that milk with chocolate does not contribute to caries and that disagreed that it is normal that a 2-year-old baby wakes up during the night to suckle. That is, good knowledge toward health habits may impact on lower occurrence of ECC; however, this condition also depends on the socioeconomic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: To evaluate the association between chlorhexidine application and the bond strength of an adhesive system to dentin and to assess the association among eight other variables., Materials and Methods: Laboratory studies evaluating the use of chlorhexidine on dentin that verified the immediate and longitudinal bond strength were included. The terms were selected according to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) for PubMed and adapted for the other databases accordingly. Systematic searches were conducted in 3 electronic databases in December 2010: PubMed, EMBASE, and LILACS. Languages were limited to English, Spanish, and Portuguese., Results: All longitudinal bond strength studies were analyzed in accordance with the inclusion/exclusion criteria, totaling 16 articles. A meta-regression analysis was performed with articles containing complete mean bond strength data (n = 14 articles)., Conclusion: Our results showed that the association between the concentration of chlorhexidine and the bond strength is, apparently, not linear. Therefore, future large-scale studies should be developed to investigate the association between the chlorhexidine concentration and hybrid layer preservation.