Search

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) evolves in some pediatric patients following acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 by hitherto unknown mechanisms. Whereas acute-COVID-19 severity and outcomes were previously correlated with Notch4 expression on Tregs, here, we show that Tregs in MIS-C were destabilized through a Notch1-dependent mechanism. Genetic analysis revealed that patients with MIS-C had enrichment of rare deleterious variants affecting inflammation and autoimmunity pathways, including dominant-negative mutations in the Notch1 regulators NUMB and NUMBL leading to Notch1 upregulation. Notch1 signaling in Tregs induced CD22, leading to their destabilization in a mTORC1dependent manner and to the promotion of systemic inflammation. These results identify a Notch1/CD22 signaling axis that disrupts Treg function in MIS-C and point to distinct immune checkpoints controlled by individual Treg Notch receptors that shape the inflammatory outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infection., Introduction COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in massive morbidity and mortality worldwide (1, 2). Acute infection is associated in some individuals with [...]

In this study, we aimed to examine and compare the perinatal outcomes between refugee and resident mother–infant dyads. Data of refugee women who had given birth in a university hospital (n = 924) and matched resident mother–infant dyads (n = 957) were included. Analysis revealed higher adolescent pregnancy rates and lower rates of antenatal care attendance among refugee mothers compared to residents. No significant differences in neonatal outcomes were found, except for a significantly higher number of preterm births among refugee infants. Interventions should be made to ensure antenatal care for all pregnant women, which can also prevent preterm birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Despite marked improvements in the accessibility of childhood vaccines, knowledge gaps remain about the vaccination of children in special risk groups (SRG). This study aimed to analyze the clinical data of children vaccinated in SRG in a single-center unit to contribute to the clinical evidence for the specific planning of immunization of children in SRG. The secondary aim is to present institutional consensus on the vaccination of children in SRG. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single-center pediatric vaccination clinic. Patient charts between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and clinical and laboratory data were extracted. Serial joint meetings with multiple healthcare professionals were performed to develop an institutional protocol for vaccination. Results: There were 479 children vaccinated between 2018 and 2021 for reasons such as postchemotherapy, after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, before/after solid organ transplantation, allergies, and chronic diseases. Of these, 298 (62.2%) children vaccinated in the unit due to a history of food or vaccine allergies were excluded. One hundred eighty-one children were vaccinated at a median age of 11 [7-15] years. Most children were vaccinated after treatment for malignancies. Solid tumors were the most frequent malignancy (67%), followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (29.0%) and acute myeloid leukemia (4.0%). Institutional vaccination protocols for cancer survivors, hematopoietic stem cells, and solid organ recipient children were developed and presented. Conclusion: There is a need to prepare national guidelines for vaccinating children with altered immunocompetence. Sharing vaccination practices by multidisciplinary vaccination units might increase and provide knowledge to develop national policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study examines the frequency of problematic internet use and sleep problems in adolescents aged 14–18 years during the COVID‐19 pandemic and identifies the impact of factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, internet habits, changes in daily life, and perceived social support on these problems. Methods: This multicentre study was a questionnaire‐based online survey study. The questionnaire included the Young Internet Addiction Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as well as questions about demographic information, internet habits, and changes in daily life during pandemic. Several multivariate Backward logistic regression models were run to determine the variables that predicted problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. Results: It was determined that the frequency of problematic internet use was 15.5%, and the frequency of poor sleep quality was 47.8%. Poor sleep quality was found 2.5 times higher in problematic internet users. The perceived social support was found insufficient in adolescents with problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. Various factors such as the excessive use of internet and social media, low school success, lack of physical activity, lack of rules for internet use at home, and worsening of relationships with parents were found to be predictive factors for these problems. Conclusions: Problematic internet use during the pandemic is associated with worsening sleep quality in adolescents. It is important to create special interventions for problematic internet use and sleep problems that develop in adolescents as a result of restrictions during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics / Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics / Türkiye Klinikleri Pediatri Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)