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Adjudged as one of the world's most beautiful beaches, Boracay Island has seen an increase in tourist arrivals and an unprecedented increase in hotel and business establishments over the past few decades. Water quality tests of the beach water in the neritic zone suggest coliform contamination, which is especially high in Bulabog Beach. Chemical oxygen demand and nitrate concentration are still below the limits set for Class SB marine waters by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Elemental compositions of corals, sediments, algae, terrestrial soil, and volcanic ash reveal that corals are the most probable source of the island's white beach sand, contrary to local beliefs that the algal blooms are the eternal source of the island's white sand. Isotopic data also substantiate this. δ15N and δ13C data show that algae most probably get its nutrients from septic, canal, and sewage discharges, whereas a few corals assimilate inorganic fertilizer nutrients possibly from run-offs, which carry the inorganic fertilizers from golf courses. Based on binary mixing models, canal and sewer waters contribute about 80-94% of the water collected from Sites 3, 6, and 7, which causes a shift in the δ18O isotopic signatures of seawater in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy interventions for tourism sustainability transitions are carried out in destinations worldwide. Yet, how decision-making processes and strategies could adversely affect communities and regions is an increasingly raised question, particularly following the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism destinations. Drawing on the transitions and justice literature, this paper explores what sustainability policies and rapid government interventions signify for impacted tourism communities. This paper uses Boracay island in the Philippines as a case study, a destination which has been subject to an extensive policy intervention ordered by the national government from 2018 onwards. The Boracay case indicates that a short and radical policy intervention did benefit the island, but that it could have been more societally beneficial if principles and policies of just transitions were more explicitly addressed. Key findings of this paper, based on an analysis of stakeholder views collected through interviews, questionnaires, and policy documents, reveal that the structural absence of dialogue and limited socio-economic support measures resulted in an island community that felt substantially ignored, unfairly treated, and sceptical about future actions. With the just transition lens, this paper offers practical and methodological guidance in reconciling tourism sustainability transitions with justice challenges. We conclude that the just transition lens provides important insights and lessons for transitioning tourism destinations towards environmentally sustainable futures in a socio-economically responsible way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boracay Island, Philippines, famous for its white sand beaches, has wetlands increasingly threatened by human activities. This study evaluated the ecological state of Boracay Island's wetlands and assessed the consequences of anthropogenic activities on sediment quality. Results showed that sediments from Wetland Nos. 3 and 4 have higher concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) than Wetland No. 1. Comparative analysis with other Southeast Asian wetlands revealed that Boracay's sediments contain the highest average values of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn. Enrichment factor values suggest that the moderate enrichment of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn in the wetland sediments can be attributed to anthropogenic activities on the island. Elevated concentrations of Cr, Cu, and Zn above interim sediment quality guidelines indicate occasional adverse biological effects on aquatic biota. These findings provide a crucial baseline for future pollution monitoring and highlight the need for ongoing conservation efforts in Boracay's wetlands. [Display omitted] • First comprehensive pollution assessment of the wetland sediments in Boracay Island • Boracay wetland sediments have moderate enrichment of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn. • High Cr, Cu, and Zn values can cause adverse biological effects on aquatic biota. • The pollution is attributed to anthropogenic activities on the island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mermaiding, the practice of wearing a mermaid tail and/or costume, and often swimming in costume, began in the mid-20th Century and has since grown into a global phenomenon. Despite its increasing popularity, there appears to be no research exploring mermaiding as a tourism activity. Consequently, this is the first study exploring the motivations and experiences of mermaid tourists, employing a case study approach at a mermaid school on the island of Boracay in the Philippines. Semi-structured interviews with one male and eight females, including an instructor/owner, revealed three major themes - fantasy, coastal and marine environment and the marine "other" - with a further overlapping of three core subthemes - power, beauty and hedonism. These subthemes helped explain the motivations to partake in such activities, which included being a waterperson, mythology, novelty and marine conservation. Despite a range of nationalities among the respondents (Brazil, Germany, New Zealand, United States, Philippines and Sweden), it is suggested that more extensive research on mermaiding be undertaken, especially at various locations around the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Certain indigenous populations have been noted by the World Health Organization (WHO) to have the highest prevalence rates for chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), including the Australian Aborigines (28-43%), Greenlanders (2-10%) and Alaskan Eskimos (2-10%). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of common ear problems, particularly CSOM, among the indigenous Ati or Aeta community in Bolabog, Boracay, and to determine their hearing sensitivity using screening audiometry. Methods: Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: A small Ati community in Bolabog, Boracay. Population: A total of 63 adults and children underwent medical interview and otoscopy. Additionally 24 had their hearing screened by audiometry. Results: About a quarter of the population participated in the study, including 41 children (40% of all children) and 22 adults (18% of all adults). Forty-six percent of children and 23% of adults who were examined had previous history of ear discharge, while 22% of children and 45% of adults who were examined had history of hearing loss. Seventeen percent of children had history of hearing loss in the family. CSOM was found in 18 (43.90%) children and 8 (36.36%) adults. Impacted cerumen was found in 17.1% of children. Eleven female children underwent screening audiometry. Of these, eight had normal hearing and three had abnormal findings. Thirteen adults were also tested, five of whom were male and had normal hearing bilaterally. Four of eight female adults had abnormal hearing, of which three were unilateral. Conclusions: The Ati population in Bolabog, Boracay belongs to a group with the highest prevalence rates for CSOM (27.0%). A bigger sample for screening audiometry is required for proper estimation of hearing loss prevalence. Both environmental and genetic factors may have increased the prevalence of CSOM in the Ati population of Boracay. Keywords: Hearing loss, chronic suppurative otitis media, Boracay, indigenous community, Ati, Aeta