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1. Scaling behaviour of the helical and skyrmion phases of Cu2OSeO3 determined by single crystal small angle neutron scattering

Author

Flores, J. Sauceda, Rov, R., O'Brien, J., Yick, S., Pervez, Md. F., Spasovski, M., Vella, J., Booth, N., Gilbert, E. P., Tretiakov, Oleg A., Söhnel, T., and Ulrich, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Skyrmions are topologically protected quantum objects at the nanometre scale. They form perpendicular to an applied magnetic field at a certain temperature and arrange themselves in a typically hexagonal lattice. Using small angle neutron scattering we have determined the magnetic field versus temperature phase diagrams of the stability range of the different magnetic phases, the helical as well as the skyrmion phases in the multiferroic skyrmion material Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$. Therefore, a single crystal was mounted in different crystal orientations, i.e. unoriented and with the crystallographic $\langle1 1 0\rangle$ and $\langle1 0 0\rangle$ axis aligned parallel to the magnetic field. Furthermore, different cooling procedures were tested, cooling from the paramagnetic phase at zero magnetic field and field cooling through the skyrmion phase where metastable skyrmions are nucleated. From this, not only were the stability ranges of both the helical and skyrmion phases in this multiferroic skyrmion material determined, but the length of the spin helix and the skyrmion distances at different conditions was also determined through detailed analysis of the positions of the observed Bragg peaks. The obtained data provide valuable information about the scaling of the skyrmion distances and therefore their packing density. The knowledge about this tunability will serve as an important input for the theoretical understanding of the formation of skyrmions. Concerning technological applications, for example as high-density data storage devices in information technology, the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the packing density of skyrmions is of critical importance for their design. Therefore, the obtained knowledge is an essential input for future skyrmionics applications in high-density data storage, in low-energy spintronics or in skyrmionics quantum computation., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Information attached

Published
2023

3. Observation and modelling of Stimulated Raman Scattering driven by an optically smoothed laser beam in experimental conditions relevant for Shock Ignition

Author

Cristoforetti, G., Huller, S., Koester, P., Antonelli, L., Atzeni, S., Baffigi, F., Batani, D., Baird, C., Booth, N., Galimberti, M., Glize, K., Heron, A., Khan, M., Loiseau, P., Mancelli, D., Notley, M., Oliveira, P., Renner, O., Smid, M., Schiavi, A., Tran, G., Woolsey, N. C., and Gizzi, L. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report results and modelling of an experiment performed at the TAW Vulcan laser facility, aimed at investigating laser-plasma interaction in conditions which are of interest for the Shock Ignition scheme to Inertial Confinement Fusion, i.e. laser intensity higher than 10^16 W/cm2 impinging on a hot (T > 1 keV), inhomogeneous and long scalelength preformed plasma. Measurements show a significant SRS backscattering (4 - 20% of laser energy) driven at low plasma densities and no signatures of TPD/SRS driven at the quarter critical density region. Results are satisfactorily reproduced by an analytical model accounting for the convective SRS growth in independent laser speckles, in conditions where the reflectivity is dominated by the contribution from the most intense speckles, where SRS gets saturated. Analytical and kinetic simulations well reproduce the onset of SRS at low plasma densities in a regime strongly affected by non linear Landau damping and by filamentation of the most intense laser speckles. The absence of TPD/SRS at higher densities is explained by pump depletion and plasma smoothing driven by filamentation. The prevalence of laser coupling in the low density profile justifies the low temperature measured for hot electrons (7 - 12 keV), well reproduced by numerical simulations.

Published
2021

4. Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anghel, I., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Ashida, Y., Aushev, V., Ballester, F., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bergevin, M., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Booth, N., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bravo-Berguño, D., Bronner, C., Brown, L., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Cartwright, S. L., Carroll, A., Catanesi, M. G., Cebriàn, S., Chabera, M., Chakraborty, S., Checchia, C., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cowan, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., Lopez, G. Daz, De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dziewiecki, M., Eklund, L., Hedri, S. El, Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Esteve, R., Evangelisti, A., Feely, M., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernandez, P., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Feusels, T., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorentini, A., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Frankiewicz, K., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Gumplinger, P., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hernando-Morata, J. A., Herrero, V., Hill, J., Hiraide, K., Hirota, S., Holin, A., Horiuchi, S., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ibnsalih, W. Idrissi, Iijima, T., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Inoue, K., Insler, J., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jeon, S. H., Jiang, M., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Kalaczynski, P., Karlen, D., Kasperek, J., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikec, M., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Koga, M., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Korzenev, A., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Maret, L., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Matsuno, S., Matusiak, M., Mazzucato, E., McCarthy, M., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McGrew, C., Mefodiev, A., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mermod, P., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E. W., Minakata, H., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Mora, F. J., Moriyama, S., Mueller, Th. A., Munteanu, L., Murase, K., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, KI., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Machado, L. Nascimento, Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Nicholls, T., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Noah, E., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Ohta, K., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., O'Sullivan, L., Ovsiannikova, T., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Guerra, E. Pinzon, Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Pozimski, J., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Przewlocki, P., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Renner, J., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Ricciardi, G., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Rose, H. J., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rountree, S. D., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sanchez, M. C., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sashima, I., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Seo, S. H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shan, Z., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Sinnis, G., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Stopa, K., Studenikin, A. I., Gómez, S. L. Suárez, Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Svoboda, R., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Toledo, J., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vilela, C., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vladisavljevic, T., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xin, T., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yeum, D. N., Yokoyama, M., Yonenaga, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Yu, M., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants -- neutron stars and black holes -- are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not yet well understood. Hyper-Kamiokande is a next-generation neutrino detector that will be able to observe the neutrino flux from the next galactic core-collapse supernova in unprecedented detail. We focus on the first 500 ms of the neutrino burst, corresponding to the accretion phase, and use a newly-developed, high-precision supernova event generator to simulate Hyper-Kamiokande's response to five different supernova models. We show that Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to distinguish between these models with high accuracy for a supernova at a distance of up to 100 kpc. Once the next galactic supernova happens, this ability will be a powerful tool for guiding simulations towards a precise reproduction of the explosion mechanism observed in nature., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures. Article based on thesis published as arXiv:2002.01649. v2: added references and some explanations in response to reviewer comments

Published
2021
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5. A new energy spectrum reconstruction method for Time-Of-Flight diagnostics of high-energy laser-driven protons

Author

Milluzzo, G., Scuderi, V., Alejo, A., Amico, A. G., Booth, N., Borghesi, M., Cirrone, G. A. P., Cuttone, G., Doria, D., Green, J., Kar, S., Korn, G., Larosa, G., Leanza, R., Margarone, D., Martin, P., McKenna, P., Petringa, G., Pipek, J., Romagnani, L., Romano, F., Russo, A., and Schillaci, F.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The Time-of-Flight (ToF) technique coupled with semiconductor-like detectors, as silicon carbide and diamond, is one of the most promising diagnostic methods for high-energy, high repetition rate, laser-accelerated ions allowing a full on-line beam spectral characterization. A new analysis method for reconstructing the energy spectrum of high-energy laser-driven ion beams from TOF signals is hereby presented and discussed. The proposed method takes into account the detector's working principle, through the accurate calculation of the energy loss in the detector active layer, using Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis method was validated against well-established diagnostics, such as the Thomson Parabola Spectrometer, during an experimental campaign carried out at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL, UK) with the high-energy laser-driven protons accelerated by the VULCAN Petawatt laser.

Published
2018
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6. Ultrafast Imaging of Laser Driven Shock Waves using Betatron X-rays from a Laser Wakefield Accelerator

Author

Wood, J. C., Chapman, D. J., Poder, K., Lopes, N. C., Rutherford, M. E., White, T. G., Albert, F., Behm, K. T., Booth, N., Bryant, J. S. J., Foster, P. S., Glenzer, S., Hill, E., Krushelnick, K., Najmudin, Z., Pollock, B. B., Rose, S., Schumaker, W., Scott, R. H. H., Sherlock, M., Thomas, A. G. R., Zhao, Z., Eakins, D., and Mangles, S. P. D.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Betatron radiation from laser wakefield accelerators is an ultrashort pulsed source of hard, synchrotron-like x-ray radiation. It emanates from a centimetre scale plasma accelerator producing GeV level electron beams. In recent years betatron radiation has been developed as a unique source capable of producing high resolution x-ray images in compact geometries. However, until now, the short pulse nature of this radiation has not been exploited. This report details the first experiment to utilise betatron radiation to image a rapidly evolving phenomenon by using it to radiograph a laser driven shock wave in a silicon target. The spatial resolution of the image is comparable to what has been achieved in similar experiments at conventional synchrotron light sources. The intrinsic temporal resolution of betatron radiation is below 100 fs, indicating that significantly faster processes could be probed in future without compromising spatial resolution. Quantitative measurements of the shock velocity and material density were made from the radiographs recorded during shock compression and were consistent with the established shock response of silicon, as determined with traditional velocimetry approaches. This suggests that future compact betatron imaging beamlines could be useful in the imaging and diagnosis of high-energy-density physics experiments., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures

Published
2018
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10. TOF diagnosis of laser accelerated, high-energy protons

Author

Scuderi, V., Milluzzo, G., Doria, D., Alejo, A., Amico, A.G., Booth, N., Cuttone, G., Green, J.S., Kar, S., Korn, G., Larosa, G., Leanza, R., Martin, P., McKenna, P., Padda, H., Petringa, G., Pipek, J., Romagnani, L., Romano, F., Russo, A., Schillaci, F., Cirrone, G.A.P., Margarone, D., and Borghesi, M.

Published
2020
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13. Multimode optical dermoscopy (SkinSpect) analysis for skin with melanocytic nevus

Author

Vasefi, F, MacKinnon, N, Saager, R, Kelly, KM, Maly, T, Chave, R, Booth, N, Durkin, AJ, and Farkas, DL

Subjects
Hyperspectral imaging, polarization, tissue-mimicking phantoms, quantitative analysis
Abstract

We have developed a multimode dermoscope (SkinSpect™) capable of illuminating human skin samples in-vivo with spectrally-programmable linearly-polarized light at 33 wavelengths between 468nm and 857 nm. Diffusely reflected photons are separated into collinear and cross-polarized image paths and images captured for each illumination wavelength. In vivo human skin nevi (N = 20) were evaluated with the multimode dermoscope and melanin and hemoglobin concentrations were compared with Spatially Modulated Quantitative Spectroscopy (SMoQS) measurements. Both systems show low correlation between their melanin and hemoglobin concentrations, demonstrating the ability of the SkinSpectTM to separate these molecular signatures and thus act as a biologically plausible device capable of early onset melanoma detection.

Published
2016

15. Micron-Scale Mapping of Megagauss Magnetic Fields in Petawatt Laser-Solid Interactions

Author

Chatterjee, Gourab, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Robinson, A. P. L., Booth, N., Culfa, O., Dance, R. J., Gizzi, L. A., Gray, R. J., Green, J. S., Koester, P., Kumar, G. Ravindra, Labate, L., Lad, Amit D., Lancaster, K. L., Pasley, J., Woolsey, N. C., and Rajeev, P. P.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report spatially and temporally resolved measurements of magnetic fields generated by petawatt laser-solid interactions with high spatial resolution, using optical polarimetry. The polarimetric measurements map the megagauss magnetic field profiles generated by the fast electron currents at the target rear. The magnetic fields at the rear of a 50 $\mu$m thick aluminum target exhibit distinct and unambiguous signatures of electron beam filamentation. These results are corroborated by hybrid simulations., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2013

16. Ultra-intense X-Ray Radiation Photopumping of Exotic States of Matter by Relativistic Laser–Plasma in the Radiation-Dominated Kinetic Regime (RDKR)

Author

Faenov, A. Ya., Colgan, J., Pikuz, S. A., Zhidkov, A., Pikuz, T. A., Abdallah, J., Jr., Tubman, E., Butler, N. M. H., Dance, R. J., Skobelev, I. Yu., Alkhimova, M. Z., Booth, N., Green, J., Gregory, C., Andreev, A., Nishiuchi, M., Sakaki, H., Sagisaka, A., Pirozhkov, A. S., Ogura, K., Fukuda, Y., Kanasaki, M., Hasegawa, N., Nishikino, M., Kando, M., Kawachi, T., Kondo, K., McKenna, P., Tallents, G. J., Woolsey, N., Kodama, R., Kawachi, Tetsuya, editor, Bulanov, Sergei V., editor, Daido, Hiroyuki, editor, and Kato, Yoshiaki, editor

Published
2018
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17. Exotic dense matter states pumped by relativistic laser plasma in the radiation dominant regime

Author

Colgan, J., Abdallah, Jr., J., Faenov, A. Ya., Pikuz, S. A., Wagenaars, E., Booth, N., Brown, C. R. D., Culfa, O., Dance, R. J., Evans, R. G., Gray, R. J., Hoarty, D. J., Kaempfer, T., Lancaster, K. L., McKenna, P., Rossall, A. L., Skobelev, I. Yu., Schulze, K. S., Uschmann, I., Zhidkov, A. G., and Woolsey, N. C.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

The properties of high energy density plasma are under increasing scrutiny in recent years due to their importance to our understanding of stellar interiors, the cores of giant planets$^{1}$, and the properties of hot plasma in inertial confinement fusion devices$^2$. When matter is heated by X-rays, electrons in the inner shells are ionized before the valence electrons. Ionization from the inside out creates atoms or ions with empty internal electron shells, which are known as hollow atoms (or ions)$^{3,4,5}$. Recent advances in free-electron laser (FEL) technology$^{6,7,8,9}$ have made possible the creation of condensed matter consisting predominantly of hollow atoms. In this Letter, we demonstrate that such exotic states of matter, which are very far from equilibrium, can also be formed by more conventional optical laser technology when the laser intensity approaches the radiation dominant regime$^{10}$. Such photon-dominated systems are relevant to studies of photoionized plasmas found in active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries$^{11}$. Our results promote laser-produced plasma as a unique ultra-bright x-ray source for future studies of matter in extreme conditions as well as for radiography of biological systems and for material science studies$^{12,13,14,15}$.

Published
2012
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18. Improved limits on nuebar emission from mu+ decay

Author

Armbruster, B., Blair, I. M., Bodmann, B. A., Booth, N. E., Drexlin, G., Edgington, J. A., Eichner, C., Eitel, K., Finckh, E., Gemmeke, H., Hössl, J., Jannakos, T., Jünger, P., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kretschmer, W., Maschuw, R., Oehler, C., Plischke, P., Reichenbacher, J., Ruf, C., Steidl, M., Wolf, J., and Zeitnitz, B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We investigated mu+ decays at rest produced at the ISIS beam stop target. Lepton flavor (LF) conservation has been tested by searching for \nueb via the detection reaction p(\nueb,e+)n. No \nueb signal from LF violating mu+ decays was identified. We extract upper limits of the branching ratio for the LF violating decay mu+ -> e+ \nueb \nu compared to the Standard Model (SM) mu+ -> e+ nue numub decay: BR < 0.9(1.7)x10^{-3} (90%CL) depending on the spectral distribution of \nueb characterized by the Michel parameter rho=0.75 (0.0). These results improve earlier limits by one order of magnitude and restrict extensions of the SM in which \nueb emission from mu+ decay is allowed with considerable strength. The decay \mupdeb as source for the \nueb signal observed in the LSND experiment can be excluded., Comment: 10 pages, including 1 figure, 1 table

Published
2003
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19. Upper limits for neutrino oscillations muon-antineutrino to electron-antineutrino from muon decay at rest

Author

KARMEN collaboration, Armbruster, B., Blair, I. M., Bodmann, B. A., Booth, N. E., Drexlin, G., Edgington, J. A., Eichner, C., Eitel, K., Finckh, E., Gemmeke, H., Hoessl, J., Jannakos, T., Juenger, P., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kretschmer, W., Maschuw, R., Oehler, C., Plischke, P., Reichenbacher, J., Ruf, C., Steidl, M., Wolf, J., and Zeitnitz, B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The KARMEN experiment at the spallation neutron source ISIS used \numub from \mup--decay at rest in the search for neutrino oscillations \numubnueb in the appearance mode, with p(\nueb,e+)n as detection reaction of \nueb. In total, 15 candidates fulfill all conditions for the \nueb signature, in agreement with the background expectation of 15.8+-0.5 events, yielding no indication for oscillations. A single event based likelihood analysis leads to upper limits on the oscillation parameters: sin^2(2theta)<1.7x10e-3 for Dm^2>100 eV^2 and Dm^2<0.055 eV^2 for sin^2(2theta)=1 at 90% confidence. Thus, KARMEN does not confirm the LSND experiment and restricts significantly its favored parameter region for \numubnueb., Comment: PRD-Preprint style, 42 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2002
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20. Measurement of the energy spectrum of \nu_e from muon decay and implications for the Lorentz structure of the weak interaction

Author

KARMEN group, Armbruster, B., Blair, I. M., Bodmann, B. A., Booth, N. E., Drexlin, G., Eberhard, V., Edgington, J. A., Eichner, C., Eitel, K., Finckh, E., Gemmeke, H., Hößl, J., Jannakos, T., Jünger, P., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kretschmer, W., Maschuw, R., Oehler, C., Plischke, P., Rapp, J., Ruf, C., Steidl, M., Stumm, O., Wolf, J., and Zeitnitz, B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The KARMEN experiment uses the reaction 12C(\nu_e,e-)12N to measure the energy distribution of \nu_e emitted in muon decay at rest. The \nu_e analog \omega_l of the famous Michel parameter \rho has been derived from a maximum-likelihood analysis of events near the kinematic end point, E_max. The result, \omega_l = (2.7^{+3.8}_{-3.3}\pm 3.1) * 10^{-2}, is in good agreement with the standard model prediction \omega_l= 0. We deduce a 90% confidence upper limit of \omega_l <= 0.113, which corresponds to a limit of |g^S_RL + 2 g^T_RL| <= 0.78 on the interference term between scalar and tensor coupling constants., Comment: 11 pages including 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters

Published
1998
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21. KARMEN Limits on nu_e -> nu_tau Oscillations in 2-neutrino and 3-neutrino Mixing Schemes

Author

Armbruster, B., Blair, I., Bodmann, B. A., Booth, N. E., Drexlin, G., Eberhard, V., Edgington, J. A., Eichner, C., Eitel, K., Finckh, E., Gemmeke, H., Hoessl, J., Jannakos, T., Juenger, P., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kretschmer, W., Maschuw, R., Oehler, C., Plischke, P., Rapp, J., Ruf, C., Steidl, M., Stumm, O., Wolf, J., and Zeitnitz, B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The 56 tonne high resolution liquid scintillation calorimeter KARMEN at the beam stop neutrino source ISIS has been used to search for neutrino oscillations in the disappearance channel nu_e->x. The nu_e emitted in mu+ decay at rest are detected with spectroscopic quality via the exclusive charged current reaction 12-C(nu_e,e-)12-N_g.s. almost free of background. Analysis of the spectral shape of e- from the nu_e induced reaction as well as a measurement of the absolute nu_e flux allow to investigate oscillations of the type nu_e->nu_tau and nu_e->nu_mu . The flux independent ratio R(CC/NC) of charged current events 12-C(nu_e,e-)12-N_g.s. to neutral current events 12-C(nu,nu')12-C* provides additional information in the oscillation channel nu_e->x . All three analysis methods show no evidence for oscillations. For the nu_e->nu_tau channel 90%CL limits of sin^2(2t)<0.338 for dm^2>100eV^2 and dm^2<0.77eV^2 for maximal mixing in a simple 2 flavor oscillation formalism are derived. A complete 3 flavor analysis of the experimental data from five years of measurement with respect to nu_e<->nu_tau and nu_e<->nu_mu mixing is presented., Comment: 20 pages including 13 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.C

Published
1998
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25. Measuring the principal Hugoniot of inertial-confinement-fusion-relevant TMPTA plastic foams

Author

Paddock, R. W., primary, von der Leyen, M. W., additional, Aboushelbaya, R., additional, Norreys, P. A., additional, Chapman, D. J., additional, Eakins, D. E., additional, Oliver, M., additional, Clarke, R. J., additional, Notley, M., additional, Baird, C. D., additional, Booth, N., additional, Spindloe, C., additional, Haddock, D., additional, Irving, S., additional, Scott, R. H. H., additional, Pasley, J., additional, Cipriani, M., additional, Consoli, F., additional, Albertazzi, B., additional, Koenig, M., additional, Martynenko, A. S., additional, Wegert, L., additional, Neumayer, P., additional, Tchórz, P., additional, Rączka, P., additional, Mabey, P., additional, Garbett, W., additional, Goshadze, R. M. N., additional, Karasiev, V. V., additional, and Hu, S. X., additional

Published
2023
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26. (Wo)men in the middle: the gendered role of supporting prisoners

Author

Booth, N, Masson, I, Dakri, F, Masson, I, and Booth, N

Abstract

Prisons are, by their very nature, gendered institutions. Despite women making up a\ud small percentage of the prison population (House of Commons Library, 2020), those\ud supporting prisoners are generally women - especially mothers and partners (Booth\ud and Masson, 2021; Codd, 2008). In understanding women’s experiences of criminal\ud justice, it is prudent to consider the women who are punished by the system despite\ud not being incarcerated themselves. This chapter sheds light on these women’s\ud experiences. First, through a review of the growing international literature that\ud illustrates how the economic and relational implications as well as the health, stigma\ud and care for children of prisoners are overwhelmingly experienced by women in the\ud community attempting to keep their families together. Following this, a case study\ud showcasing the excellent work of one organisation, The Straight Path Resettlement\ud Project (SPR) in Leicester, England, discusses Ferzana Dakri’s experience of\ud working in the community with ‘BAME’ Muslim women who have imprisoned loved\ud ones. In viewing prison as sites of punishment, and appreciating how these pains\ud extend beyond those incarcerated, this chapter draws attention to the multiple ways\ud that women supporting prisoners are simultaneously harmed.

Published
2022

31. Plasma Opacity and Laser Ablation Measurements Using X-Ray Lasers

Author

Tallents, G. J., Edwards, M. H., Whittaker, D., Booth, N., Huang, H., Mistry, P., Pert, G.J., Rus, B., Mocek, T., Koslovà, M., Polan, J., Praeg, A., Stupka, M., Homer, P., McKenna, C., Delserieys, A., Lewis, C. L. S., Notley, M., Neely, D., Nickles, P.V., editor, and Janulewicz, K.A., editor

Published
2007
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34. Usage of C-reactive protein testing in the diagnosis and monitoring of psoriatic arthritis (PsA): results from a real-world survey in the USA and Europe

Author

Ogdie, A, Tillett, W, Booth, N, Howell, O, Schubert, A, Peterson, S, Chakravarty, SD, and Coates, LC

Subjects
Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract

Introduction C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important non-specific marker of both acute and chronic inflammation and can be elevated in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, the use of CRP testing in the management of PsA can vary. This study investigated how CRP testing is implemented in real-world clinical practice for disease management of PsA. Methods A point-in-time survey of rheumatologists and dermatologists and their next six consulting patients with PsA was conducted in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK (EU5), and the USA between June and August 2018. Use of CRP testing was obtained by asking the physician to state (yes/no) whether CRP was used to aid PsA diagnosis and/or to monitor the patient’s disease activity. The number of CRP tests conducted in the last 12 months for each patient enrolled was provided. Results Data were collected for 2270 patients (USA, n = 595; EU5, n = 1675). In the EU5, CRP testing was conducted to aid diagnosis in 78.7% of patients (vs. 43.4% in USA) and CRP was used to monitor disease activity in 72.0% (vs. 34.6% in USA). The majority (80.9%) of patients in the EU5 had at least one CRP test in the last 12 months compared to 42.9% in the USA. Patients treated by rheumatologists (vs. dermatologists) were at least 50% more likely to have CRP tested for monitoring purposes, this difference being most pronounced in the USA. In the EU5, CRP testing was conducted a mean ± standard deviation of 2.7 ± 1.7 times during the last 12 months, versus 2.0 ± 1.4 in the USA. Conclusions CRP was more commonly used for the diagnosis and monitoring of PsA in Europe compared to the USA and was more commonly ordered by rheumatologists than dermatologists. In the absence of a better serum biomarker of inflammation, more data are needed to understand how CRP testing should be used in the diagnosis and management PsA.

Published
2022

35. Karmen-Upgrade: Improvement in the Search for Neutrino Oscillations and First Results

Author

Kleinfeller, J., Armbruster, B., Blair, I. M., Bodmann, B. A., Booth, N. E., Drexlin, G., Eberhard, V., Edgington, J. A., Eichner, C., Eitel, K., Finckh, E., Gemmeke, H., Hößl, J., Jannakos, T., Jünger, P., Kleifges, M., Kretschmer, W., Maschuw, R., Oehler, C., Plischke, P., Rapp, J., Ruf, C., Steidl, M., Wolf, J., Zeitnitz, B., Kursunoglu, Behram N., editor, Mintz, Stephan L., editor, and Perlmutter, Arnold, editor

Published
1998
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38. Selective Ion Acceleration by Intense Radiation Pressure

Author

McIlvenny, A., primary, Doria, D., additional, Romagnani, L., additional, Ahmed, H., additional, Booth, N., additional, Ditter, E. J., additional, Ettlinger, O. C., additional, Hicks, G. S., additional, Martin, P., additional, Scott, G. G., additional, Williamson, S. D. R., additional, Macchi, A., additional, McKenna, P., additional, Najmudin, Z., additional, Neely, D., additional, Kar, S., additional, and Borghesi, M., additional

Published
2021
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40. Measuring magnetic fields in laser-driven coils with dual-axis proton deflectometry

Author

Bradford, P, primary, Dearling, A, additional, Ehret, M, additional, Antonelli, L, additional, Booth, N, additional, Carroll, D C, additional, Clarke, R J, additional, Glize, K, additional, Heathcote, R, additional, Khan, M, additional, Moody, J D, additional, Pikuz, S, additional, Pollock, B B, additional, Read, M P, additional, Ryazantsev, S, additional, Spindloe, C, additional, Ridgers, C P, additional, Santos, J J, additional, Tikhonchuk, V T, additional, and Woolsey, N C, additional

Published
2021
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41. Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande

Author

Abe, K., primary, Adrich, P., additional, Aihara, H., additional, Akutsu, R., additional, Alekseev, I., additional, Ali, A., additional, Ameli, F., additional, Anghel, I., additional, Anthony, L. H. V., additional, Antonova, M., additional, Araya, A., additional, Asaoka, Y., additional, Ashida, Y., additional, Aushev, V., additional, Ballester, F., additional, Bandac, I., additional, Barbi, M., additional, Barker, G. J., additional, Barr, G., additional, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., additional, Bellato, M., additional, Berardi, V., additional, Bergevin, M., additional, Bernard, L., additional, Bernardini, E., additional, Berns, L., additional, Bhadra, S., additional, Bian, J., additional, Blanchet, A., additional, Blaszczyk, F. d. M., additional, Blondel, A., additional, Boiano, A., additional, Bolognesi, S., additional, Bonavera, L., additional, Booth, N., additional, Borjabad, S., additional, Boschi, T., additional, Bose, D., additional, Boyd, S . B., additional, Bozza, C., additional, Bravar, A., additional, Bravo-Berguño, D., additional, Bronner, C., additional, Brown, L., additional, Bubak, A., additional, Buchowicz, A., additional, Buizza Avanzini, M., additional, Cafagna, F. S., additional, Calabria, N. F., additional, Calvo-Mozota, J. M., additional, Cao, S., additional, Cartwright, S. L., additional, Carroll, A., additional, Catanesi, M. G., additional, Cebriàn, S., additional, Chabera, M., additional, Chakraborty, S., additional, Checchia, C., additional, Choi, J. H., additional, Choubey, S., additional, Cicerchia, M., additional, Coleman, J., additional, Collazuol, G., additional, Cook, L., additional, Cowan, G., additional, Cuen-Rochin, S., additional, Danilov, M., additional, Díaz López, G., additional, De la Fuente, E., additional, de Perio, P., additional, De Rosa, G., additional, Dealtry, T., additional, Densham, C. J., additional, Dergacheva, A., additional, Deshmukh, N., additional, Devi, M. M., additional, Di Lodovico, F., additional, Di Meo, P., additional, Di Palma, I., additional, Doyle, T. A., additional, Drakopoulou, E., additional, Drapier, O., additional, Dumarchez, J., additional, Dunne, P., additional, Dziewiecki, M., additional, Eklund, L., additional, El Hedri, S., additional, Ellis, J., additional, Emery, S., additional, Esmaili, A., additional, Esteve, R., additional, Evangelisti, A., additional, Feely, M., additional, Fedotov, S., additional, Feng, J., additional, Fernandez, P., additional, Fernández-Martinez, E., additional, Ferrario, P., additional, Ferrazzi, B., additional, Feusels, T., additional, Finch, A., additional, Finley, C., additional, Fiorentini, A., additional, Fiorillo, G., additional, Fitton, M., additional, Frankiewicz, K., additional, Friend, M., additional, Fujii, Y., additional, Fukuda, Y., additional, Galinski, G., additional, Gao, J., additional, Garde, C., additional, Garfagnini, A., additional, Garode, S., additional, Gialanella, L., additional, Giganti, C., additional, Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., additional, Gonin, M., additional, González-Nuevo, J., additional, Gorin, A., additional, Gornea, R., additional, Gousy-Leblanc, V., additional, Gramegna, F., additional, Grassi, M., additional, Grella, G., additional, Guigue, M., additional, Gumplinger, P., additional, Hadley, D. R., additional, Harada, M., additional, Hartfiel, B., additional, Hartz, M., additional, Hassani, S., additional, Hastings, N. C., additional, Hayato, Y., additional, Hernando-Morata, J. A., additional, Herrero, V., additional, Hill, J., additional, Hiraide, K., additional, Hirota, S., additional, Holin, A., additional, Horiuchi, S., additional, Hoshina, K., additional, Hultqvist, K., additional, Iacob, F., additional, Ichikawa, A. K., additional, Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., additional, Iijima, T., additional, Ikeda, M., additional, Inomoto, M., additional, Inoue, K., additional, Insler, J., additional, Ioannisian, A., additional, Ishida, T., additional, Ishidoshiro, K., additional, Ishino, H., additional, Ishitsuka, M., additional, Ito, H., additional, Ito, S., additional, Itow, Y., additional, Iwamoto, K., additional, Izmaylov, A., additional, Izumi, N., additional, Izumiyama, S., additional, Jakkapu, M., additional, Jamieson, B., additional, Jang, H. I., additional, Jang, J. S., additional, Jenkins, S. J., additional, Jeon, S. H., additional, Jiang, M., additional, Jo, H. S., additional, Jonsson, P., additional, Joo, K. K., additional, Kajita, T., additional, Kakuno, H., additional, Kameda, J., additional, Kano, Y., additional, Kalaczynski, P., additional, Karlen, D., additional, Kasperek, J., additional, Kataoka, Y., additional, Kato, A., additional, Katori, T., additional, Kazarian, N., additional, Kearns, E., additional, Khabibullin, M., additional, Khotjantsev, A., additional, Kikawa, T., additional, Kekic, M., additional, Kim, J. H., additional, Kim, J. Y., additional, Kim, S. B., additional, Kim, S. Y., additional, King, S., additional, Kinoshita, T., additional, Kisiel, J., additional, Klekotko, A., additional, Kobayashi, T., additional, Koch, L., additional, Koga, M., additional, Koerich, L., additional, Kolev, N., additional, Konaka, A., additional, Kormos, L. L., additional, Koshio, Y., additional, Korzenev, A., additional, Kotsar, Y., additional, Kouzakov, K. A., additional, Kowalik, K. L., additional, Kravchuk, L., additional, Kryukov, A. P., additional, Kudenko, Y., additional, Kumita, T., additional, Kurjata, R., additional, Kutter, T., additional, Kuze, M., additional, Kwak, K., additional, La Commara, M., additional, Labarga, L., additional, Lagoda, J., additional, Lamers James, M., additional, Lamoureux, M., additional, Laveder, M., additional, Lavitola, L., additional, Lawe, M., additional, Learned, J. G., additional, Lee, J., additional, Leitner, R., additional, Lezaun, V., additional, Lim, I. T., additional, Lindner, T., additional, Litchfield, R. P., additional, Long, K. R., additional, Longhin, A., additional, Loverre, P., additional, Lu, X., additional, Ludovici, L., additional, Maekawa, Y., additional, Magaletti, L., additional, Magar, K., additional, Mahn, K., additional, Makida, Y., additional, Malek, M., additional, Malinský, M., additional, Marchi, T., additional, Maret, L., additional, Mariani, C., additional, Marinelli, A., additional, Martens, K., additional, Marti, Ll., additional, Martin, J. F., additional, Martin, D., additional, Marzec, J., additional, Matsubara, T., additional, Matsumoto, R., additional, Matsuno, S., additional, Matusiak, M., additional, Mazzucato, E., additional, McCarthy, M., additional, McCauley, N., additional, McElwee, J., additional, McGrew, C., additional, Mefodiev, A., additional, Medhi, A., additional, Mehta, P., additional, Mellet, L., additional, Menjo, H., additional, Mermod, P., additional, Metelko, C., additional, Mezzetto, M., additional, Migenda, J., additional, Migliozzi, P., additional, Mijakowski, P., additional, Miki, S., additional, Miller, E. W., additional, Minakata, H., additional, Minamino, A., additional, Mine, S., additional, Mineev, O., additional, Mitra, A., additional, Miura, M., additional, Moharana, R., additional, Mollo, C. M., additional, Mondal, T., additional, Mongelli, M., additional, Monrabal, F., additional, Moon, D. H., additional, Moon, C. S., additional, Mora, F. J., additional, Moriyama, S., additional, Mueller, Th. A., additional, Munteanu, L., additional, Murase, K., additional, Nagao, Y., additional, Nakadaira, T., additional, Nakagiri, K., additional, Nakahata, M., additional, Nakai, S., additional, Nakajima, Y., additional, Nakamura, K., additional, Nakamura, KI., additional, Nakamura, H., additional, Nakano, Y., additional, Nakaya, T., additional, Nakayama, S., additional, Nakayoshi, K., additional, Nascimento Machado, L., additional, Naseby, C. E. R., additional, Navarro-Garcia, B., additional, Needham, M., additional, Nicholls, T., additional, Niewczas, K., additional, Nishimura, Y., additional, Noah, E., additional, Nova, F., additional, Nugent, J. C., additional, Nunokawa, H., additional, Obrebski, W., additional, Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., additional, O’Connor, E., additional, Ogawa, N., additional, Ogitsu, T., additional, Ohta, K., additional, Okamoto, K., additional, O’Keeffe, H. M., additional, Okumura, K., additional, Onishchuk, Y., additional, Orozco-Luna, F., additional, Oshlianskyi, A., additional, Ospina, N., additional, Ostrowski, M., additional, O’Sullivan, E., additional, O’Sullivan, L., additional, Ovsiannikova, T., additional, Oyama, Y., additional, Ozaki, H., additional, Pac, M. Y., additional, Paganini, P., additional, Palladino, V., additional, Paolone, V., additional, Pari, M., additional, Parsa, S., additional, Pasternak, J., additional, Pastore, C., additional, Pastuszak, G., additional, Patel, D. A., additional, Pavin, M., additional, Payne, D., additional, Peña-Garay, C., additional, Pidcott, C., additional, Pinzon Guerra, E., additional, Playfer, S., additional, Pointon, B. W., additional, Popov, A., additional, Popov, B., additional, Porwit, K., additional, Posiadala-Zezula, M., additional, Poutissou, J.-M., additional, Pozimski, J., additional, Pronost, G., additional, Prouse, N. W., additional, Przewlocki, P., additional, Quilain, B., additional, Quiroga, A. A., additional, Radicioni, E., additional, Radics, B., additional, Rajda, P. J., additional, Renner, J., additional, Rescigno, M., additional, Retiere, F., additional, Ricciardi, G., additional, Riccio, C., additional, Richards, B., additional, Rondio, E., additional, Rose, H. J., additional, Roskovec, B., additional, Roth, S., additional, Rott, C., additional, Rountree, S. D., additional, Rubbia, A., additional, Ruggeri, A. C., additional, Ruggles, C., additional, Russo, S., additional, Rychter, A., additional, Ryu, D., additional, Sakashita, K., additional, Samani, S., additional, Sánchez, F., additional, Sánchez, M. L., additional, Sanchez, M. C., additional, Sano, S., additional, Santos, J. D., additional, Santucci, G., additional, Sarmah, P., additional, Sashima, I., additional, Sato, K., additional, Scott, M., additional, Seiya, Y., additional, Sekiguchi, T., additional, Sekiya, H., additional, Seo, J. W., additional, Seo, S. H., additional, Sgalaberna, D., additional, Shaikhiev, A., additional, Shan, Z., additional, Shaykina, A., additional, Shimizu, I., additional, Shin, C. D., additional, Shinoki, M., additional, Shiozawa, M., additional, Sinnis, G., additional, Skrobova, N., additional, Skwarczynski, K., additional, Smy, M. B., additional, Sobczyk, J., additional, Sobel, H. W., additional, Soler, F. J. P., additional, Sonoda, Y., additional, Spina, R., additional, Spisso, B., additional, Spradlin, P., additional, Stankevich, K. L., additional, Stawarz, L., additional, Stellacci, S. M., additional, Stopa, K., additional, Studenikin, A. I., additional, Suárez Gómez, S. L., additional, Suganuma, T., additional, Suvorov, S., additional, Suwa, Y., additional, Suzuki, A. T., additional, Suzuki, S. Y., additional, Suzuki, Y., additional, Svirida, D., additional, Svoboda, R., additional, Taani, M., additional, Tada, M., additional, Takeda, A., additional, Takemoto, Y., additional, Takenaka, A., additional, Taketa, A., additional, Takeuchi, Y., additional, Takhistov, V., additional, Tanaka, H., additional, Tanaka, H. A., additional, Tanaka, H. I., additional, Tanaka, M., additional, Tashiro, T., additional, Thiesse, M., additional, Thompson, L. F., additional, Toledo, J., additional, Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., additional, Tortone, G., additional, Tsui, K. M., additional, Tsukamoto, T., additional, Tzanov, M., additional, Uchida, Y., additional, Vagins, M. R., additional, Valder, S., additional, Valentino, V., additional, Vasseur, G., additional, Vijayvargi, A., additional, Vilela, C., additional, Vinning, W. G. S., additional, Vivolo, D., additional, Vladisavljevic, T., additional, Vogelaar, R. B., additional, Vyalkov, M. M., additional, Wachala, T., additional, Walker, J., additional, Wark, D., additional, Wascko, M. O., additional, Wendell, R. A., additional, Wilkes, R. J., additional, Wilking, M. J., additional, Wilson, J. R., additional, Wronka, S., additional, Xia, J., additional, Xie, Z., additional, Xin, T., additional, Yamaguchi, Y., additional, Yamamoto, K., additional, Yanagisawa, C., additional, Yano, T., additional, Yen, S., additional, Yershov, N., additional, Yeum, D. N., additional, Yokoyama, M., additional, Yonenaga, M., additional, Yoo, J., additional, Yu, I., additional, Yu, M., additional, Zakrzewski, T., additional, Zaldivar, B., additional, Zalipska, J., additional, Zaremba, K., additional, Zarnecki, G., additional, Ziembicki, M., additional, Zietara, K., additional, Zito, M., additional, and Zsoldos, S., additional

Published
2021
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42. The apples of New York.

Author

Beach, S. A. (Spencer Ambrose), 1860-1923, Beach, S. A. (Spencer Ambrose), 1860-1922, Booth, N. O. 1879-1919, Booth, N. O. 1869-1919, Taylor, O. M. 1865, New York (State). Department of Agriculture, Wellesley College Library (archive.org), Beach, S. A. (Spencer Ambrose), 1860-1923, Beach, S. A. (Spencer Ambrose), 1860-1922, Booth, N. O. 1879-1919, Booth, N. O. 1869-1919, Taylor, O. M. 1865, and New York (State). Department of Agriculture

Subjects
Apples, Fruit-culture, New York (State)
Published
1905

44. Loved ones of remand prisoners: the hidden victims of COVID-19

Author

Booth, N and Masson, I

Abstract

In September 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) released their ‘criminal courts recovery plan’ . This detailed their intentions to pass temporary legislation to extend the time that defendants could be legally held in custody awaiting trial in England and Wales by two months. The MoJ’s request was couched as a response to the excess of cases created by the restrictions imposed on courts from the pandemic . However, evidence suggests that a bottleneck existed long before COVID hit, and that this pandemic has intensified rather than caused this backlog . A joint letter sent to the Government from national organisations with expertise in justice have said these changes were ‘not good for victims, witnesses, people remanded to prison or prisons’ . \ud \ud Expanding this argument, we critically consider the possible implications of this extension to the remand period for the loved ones (family, friends and significant others ) of people in prison, who are often marginalised by their absence in prison literature, practices, and policy decisions. The pandemic has resulted in some very difficult public health decisions and it is our intention to focus on some of the consequences of these decisions for the loved ones of remanded prisoners. It is important to remember that it is the act of imprisonment, of any length, ‘that constitutes the punishment’ meaning that legislations that change the prison experience (in this instance, the duration of remand) bring with them significant, additional repercussions to the lives of prisoners and their loved ones. While in this article we often detail how these are punitive consequences, we appreciate that they were not implemented for punitive purposes.

Published
2021

48. Patient education booklet to support evidence-based low back pain care in primary care:a cluster randomized controlled trial

Author

Simula, A. S. (Anna S.), Jenkins, H. J. (Hazel J.), Hancock, M. J. (Mark J.), Malmivaara, A. (Antti), Booth, N. (Neill), and Karppinen, J. (Jaro)

Subjects
Low back pain imaging, Low back pain, Patient education, Cluster randomized study, Primary care, Guideline implementation
Abstract

Background: Inappropriate imaging and low-value care for low back pain (LBP) are common. A new patient-education booklet was created to overcome identified barriers to the delivery of recommended care, including the use of inappropriate imaging. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of this booklet as part of primary care for LBP patients in comparison to usual care. Methods: A cluster-randomized trial was performed. The intervention involved providing practitioners with the new patient-education booklet and a 30-min training session on its use. The booklet was provided during the clinical consult to all consenting LBP patients in the intervention group. Primary outcomes were the proportion of patients presenting with LBP who underwent imaging examinations during the first three months of follow-up and PROMIS PF-20 (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, 20-item physical functioning short form) change between baseline and three-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes, including sick leave and imaging examinations at 12 months, were investigated. Logistic regression using GEE-estimation was used for dichotomous outcomes, Poisson regression using GEE-estimation for count outcomes, and linear mixed models for continuous outcomes. Results: Using the patient education booklet appeared to substantially reduce the proportion of LBP patients who underwent an imaging examination at three months, but the result was not statistically significant (OR 0.57, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.27 to 1.22). At 12 months, the effect was slightly larger and statistically significant (OR 0.50, 95%Cl 0.30 to 0.83, p = 0.008). No difference was observed in the PROMIS PF-20 T-score change between baseline and 3 months or 12 months (p = 0.365 and p = 0.923, respectively). The number of sick leave days in the intervention group was less than that in the control group at 3 months (RR 0.47, 95%Cl 0.26 to 0.83, p = 0.010) and at 12 months (RR 0.36, 95%Cl 0.18 to 0.72, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The booklet appeared to be effective in reducing the proportion of LBP patients who underwent imaging examinations over 12 months. The intervention had no discernible effect on the PROMIS PF20 T-score change. The number of sick leave days was substantially lower in the intervention group. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN14389368, Registered 4 April 2019—Retrospectively registered.

Published
2021

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