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Supplemental Material for Relationship Between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Emotion Dysregulation Among Male and Female Young Adults by Daphnée Thomas and Céline Bonnaire in Psychological Reports

The whole sample consisted of 88 treatment-seeking patients diagnosed with GD according to DSM-5 criteria [61], who were, for the first time, attended to at the Behavioral Addictions Program of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona (Spain). The period of the recruitment was between September 2018 and September 2019. The current study was linked to the duration of a project funded by ONCE's Fourth International Grant for Research on Responsible Gambling, Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles-ONCE. Several risk factors have been related to the onset and maintenance of gambling disorder (GD). The aim of this study was to explore the differences in emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias between online and land-based gamblers. The sample consisted of 88 treatment-seeking patients from the Behavioral Addictions Unit at the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona (Spain). Patients were divided into two groups by considering their main type of gambling, i.e., online (n = 26) and land-based gambling (n = 62). Online gamblers were younger, more often employed, with a higher educational level than land-based gamblers. Regarding the rest of the variables, statistically significant differences were only found in Positive Urgency, one of the UPPS-P subscales, in which the land-based gambling group scored higher than the online gambling group. In this exploratory study, individuals with online and land-based GD phenotypes did not differ either in difficulties in emotion regulation or in attentional and cognitive biases. However, land-based GD patients showed a higher tendency to succumb to strong impulses under the influence of positive emotions. These preliminary findings warrant the need to continue investigating GD phenotypes in larger patient samples.

Purpose Patterns of psychostimulant (PST) use, psychological and physical factors, and family relationships were investigated in a nationally representative sample of adolescents. The differences between users of cocaine (Cc), ecstasy/MDMA, and amphetamine (EA) were analyzed, taking into account gender differences. Methods Substance use, psychological factors (lifetime suicide attempts, suicidal thoughts in the previous year, visits to a mental health professional), physical factors (health and body shape perceptions (BSP), body mass index (BMI)), and family relationships (existence of disagreements with parents, relationships with mother and father) were investigated in 26,351 17-year-old French adolescents. Results Lifetime suicidal behavior was strongly associated with EA use only. Suicidal ideation in the previous year was associated with Cc use among both boys and girls and associated with EA use among girls. Compared to Cc users, more EA users were overweight, while more Cc users were underweight compared to EA users. BSP, BMI, and EA use were related in girls only. Having a good or very good relationship with both mother and father was negatively associated with Cc use in boys and girls. Girls who had a good or very good relationship with their fathers seemed to be less prone to use EA. Boys with a good or very good relationship with their mothers seemed to be less prone to use EA. Conclusion The results of the present study could serve as a basis for prevention and harm reduction strategies/programs targeting youth use and for the adaptation of these strategies/programs according to substance and gender.

A l’heure ou le debat sur l’inclusion et la reconnaissance des jeux video en tant que conduites addictives reste tres vif, les demandes de consultations pour des adolescents (ou des adultes) en difficultes d’usage ne flechissent pas. La specificite du soin avec les adolescents est qu’ils ne sont pas en demande. En effet, celle-ci emane des parents, ce qui rend la prise en charge complexe et l’alliance therapeutique plus delicate a etablir. Le cas presente dans cet article met en avant, d’une part, la difficulte de travailler avec un adolescent inhibe, evitant tout conflit, peu enclin a l’elaboration psychique, et d’autre part, la richesse du travail therapeutique avec les familles. En effet, l’inclusion des parents dans le suivi contribue a l’implication de l’adolescent dans la therapie. De plus, et pour certains adolescents, la mobilisation des parents permet la confrontation et la conflictualisation de ce que l’adolescent tente de fuir avec les jeux video.

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