11 results on '"Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares"'
Search Results
2. Similar grazing mechanisms explain contrasting intake and sward-height dynamics under different grazing management.
- Author
-
Pontes-Prates, Arthur, Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, Savian, Jean Víctor, Félix da Silva Neto, Gentil, Sánchez Zubieta, Ángel, and Laca, Emilio Andrés
- Abstract
Context: Average sward height has traditionally been used as a grazing management variable. However, such approach ignores the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of swards. Because the intake rate responds non-linearly to average height at plant level, we expected that sheep exposed to contrasting grazing methods with similar average heights would behave differently. Aims: We hypothesised that low-intensity, high-frequency grazing results in a higher daily intake rate than does high-intensity, low-frequency grazing, despite both methods having similar average sward heights over space and time. Also, we asked whether sheep exhibit the same foraging mechanisms for a given instantaneous sward state regardless of long-term grazing conditions imposed. Methods: We exposed sheep to two contrasting grazing methods with similar average height; low-intensity, high-frequency (LIHF), and high-intensity, low-frequency (HILF). We then evaluated their foraging behaviour using continuous bite-monitoring paired with detailed sward measurements during grazing down. Key results: Sward height decreased markedly during the grazing period in both treatments, but the sward height depletion was faster under HILF (7.5 cm and 20.3 cm for LIHF and HILF), which means that sward structure was severely disrupted. The animals exhibited markedly different herbage intake patterns between the grazing methods, with sheep under LIHF presenting greater total daily herbage intake (850 vs 630 g DM per individual). Also, sheep demonstrated a more stable and higher instantaneous intake rate in the LIHF. Despite the difference in total daily herbage intake, the grazing treatments did not affect the behavioural mechanisms beyond their indirect effects on the rate of change in the instantaneous sward conditions. Grazing treatments created different patterns of sward change and intake rate over time, but the local and instantaneous sward conditions determined intake rate regardless of the grazing method. Conclusions: Intake responses of sheep differed between grazing methods with similar average height due to sward heterogeneity over time and space. Grazing mechanisms were not directly affected by the treatments but were influenced by the sward heterogeneity imposed by the grazing management. Implications: Grazing management requires not only consideration of the average sward height, but also an understanding of how the resource is distributed in time and space. Most livestock in the world is raised on pastures, and the production and sustainability of these systems depend on their management. However, managers have disregarded the heterogeneity of pastures and their impact on grazing management. Our results demonstrated that systems with similar average sward height may have different sheep intake responses due to sward heterogeneity in time and space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Estimate of forage intake and foraging behaviour by grazing equine and cattle under mixed herbivory system
- Author
-
Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, Carvalho, Paulo Cesar de Faccio, and Bonnet, Oliver Jean François
- Subjects
Bovino ,Eqüino ,Grazing consumption ,Consumo alimentar ,Forragem ,Food niche ,Biodiversidade ,Sistema de pastejo ,Pastejo ,Foraging ,Biodiversity ,Pastoral ecosystems - Abstract
O documento de tese está apresentado em três capítulos. No capítulo I, a revisão da literatura sobre métodos de medida do consumo de animais em pastejo e efeitos da herbivoria mista em sistemas pastoris. No capítulo II, apresentamos o estudo que objetivou verificar a concordância do método de monitoramento contínuo dos bocados (CBM) e a técnica de dupla pesagem para estimativa da ingestão de forragem por herbívoros em pastejo, sob a hipótese de que a metodologia CBM permite estimar a quantidade consumida em pastejo, por meio da descrição das ações alimentares realizadas durante o pastejo e a simulação da quantidade consumida das mesmas em diferentes condições de pasto. Os resultados asseguram a capacidade de estimar o consumo de animais em pastejo por meio da observação direta dos bocados. As correlações das estimativas pelos métodos de dupla pesagem e CBM foram na ordem de r = 0,86 mesmo com exposição dos herbívoros a diferentes espécies e estruturas da vegetação, bem como diferente avaliadores. Os limites de precisão entre o CBM e a dupla pesagem são coerentes, e creditamos ao CBM a vantagem de avaliação dos animais com menor intervenção, além de qualificar o processo de ingestão em tempo real. Amparados pela maior clareza dos limites da capacidade de descrever e quantificar a dieta elaborada pelos herbívoros (Cap. II), buscamos compreender a construção bocado a bocado de dois modelos animal (equinos e bovinos) em pastos geridos sobre três sistemas de herbivoria: mista, com equinos e bovinos em coexistência, monoespecífica com equinos e monoespecífica com bovinos. No capítulo 3, o estudo objetivou identificar as ações alimentares (códigos de bocados) de equinos e bovinos e verificar a composição da dieta, fluxos de ingestão e padrões de seleção de ambos os modelos simpátricos em um mesmo sistema pastoril ou em sistemas com herbivoria monoespecífica. Nossos resultados mostram a vantagem do sistema com herbivoria mista em relação ao sistema monoespecifico para ambas as espécies no que tange as oportunidades para forrageamento. O sistema misto permite potencialmente otimizar o forrageamento, pois oferece maior abundância de ações alimentares rentáveis disponíveis no recurso forrageiro (estrutura do pasto), permitindo a seleção potencial de bocados com maior taxa de ingestão instantânea, refletida na composição da dieta selecionada pelos animais. Este efeito é positivamente significativo para bovinos e indiferente para equinos, denotando facilitação proporcionada pelos equinos aos bovinos quando em coexistência. This thesis is presented in three chapters. Chapter I brings a literature review on methods for measuring the consumption of grazing animals and the effects of mixed herbivory on pastoral systems. In chapter II, we present the study that aimed to verify the agreement of the continuous bite monitoring method (CBM) and the double weighing technique to estimate the forage intake by grazing herbivores, under the hypothesis that the CBM method allows estimating the amount consumed in grazing, through the description of the feeding actions performed during grazing and the simulation of the amount consumed in different grazing conditions. The results ensure the ability to estimate the consumption of grazing animals through direct observation of the bites. The correlations of the estimates obtained through the double weighing technique and the CBM were given by the coefficients r = 0.87, 0.86, and 0.87, even with exposure of herbivores to different species and vegetation structures, as well as different evaluators. The precision limits between the CBM and the double weighing technique are consistent, and we credit the CBM with the advantage of being less invasive, besides qualifying the ingestion process in real-time. Supported by the greater clarity of the limits of the ability to describe and quantify the diet elaborated by herbivores, we seek to understand the construction bite by bite of two animal models (horses and cattle) in pastures managed under three herbivory systems: mixed, with horses and cattle in coexistence, monospecific with horses and monospecific with cattle. In chapter 3, we aimed to identify the feeding actions (bite codes) of horses and cattle and to verify the composition of the diet, intake flows and selection patterns of both sympatric models in the same pastoral system or systems with monospecific herbivory. Our results show the advantage of the mixed herbivory system compared to both monospecific systems in terms of foraging opportunities. The mixed system potentially allows optimizing foraging, as it offers a greater abundance of profitable feeding actions available in the forage resource (sward structure), allowing for the potential selection of bites with higher instantaneous intake rate, reflected in the composition of the diet selected by the animals. This effect is positively significant for cattle and indifferent for horses, denoting facilitation by horses towards cattle when in coexistence.
- Published
- 2021
4. Low-intensity, high-frequency grazing positively affects defoliating behavior, nutrient intake and blood indicators of nutrition and stress in sheep
- Author
-
Sanchez Zubieta, Angel, Marín Gómez, Alejandra, Savian, Jean Victor, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, Rossetto, Jusiane, Barreto, Mariana Trindade, Bindelle, Jérôme, Bremm, Carolina, Quishpe Contreras, Laura Victoria, Valle, Stella de Faria, Decruyenaere, Virginie, and Carvalho, Paulo Cesar de Faccio
- Subjects
Nutritional status ,Animal welfare ,Estado nutricional ,Sistema de pastejo ,Comportamento alimentar ,Ingestive comfort ,Sward height ,Perfil hematológico ,Respostas imunes ,Ovinos ,Grazing management models - Abstract
The intensity and frequency of grazing affect the defoliating strategy of ruminants, their daily nutrient intake, thus nutrition and physiological status. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures were grazed by sheep either under a low-intensity/high-frequency grazing strategy (Rotatinuous stocking; RN) with nominal pre- and post-grazing sward heights of 18 and 11 cm, respectively, or under a high-intensity/low-frequency strategy (traditional rotational stocking; RT) with nominal pre- and post-grazing sward heights of 25 and 5 cm, respectively. Treatments were arranged under a complete randomized design and evaluated over two periods, in different years. In 2017, the aim was to depict the type of bites that sheep perform during the grazing-down and associate them to the grazing management strategy according to their relative contribution to the diet ingested. In 2018 we estimated the total nutrient intake and evaluated blood indicators of the nutritional status and immune response to stress of sheep. The bite types accounting the most for the diet ingested by RN sheep were those performed on the “top stratum” of plants with around 20, 15, and 25 cm, whereas the type of bites accounting the most for the diet of RT sheep were those performed on “grazed plants” with around 10, 5, and ≤ 3 cm. In 2018, the RN sheep increased by 18% the total organic matter (OM) intake and by 20–25% the intake of soluble nutrients (i.e., crude protein, total soluble sugars, crude fat), digestible OM and of metabolizable energy, and had 17.5, 18, and 6.1% greater blood concentration of glucose, urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin, respectively, but 17% lower blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N:L) ratio. Sheep grazing vegetative Italian ryegrass pastures under the low-intensity/high-frequency grazing strategy (RN) ingested a diet of better quality from bites allocated on the top stratum of plants, had greater intake of soluble nutrients and blood parameters positively associated with nutritional status and immune response to stress.
- Published
- 2021
5. Foraging Behavior Development of Foals in Natural Grassland
- Author
-
Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, primary, Bonnet, Olivier Jean François, additional, Wallau, Marcelo Osorio, additional, Basso, Catarine, additional, Neves, Adriana Pires, additional, and Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Aprendizado do forrageamento e desenvolvimento da dieta de potros
- Author
-
Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares and Carvalho, Paulo Cesar de Faccio
- Subjects
Bioma Pampa ,Native pastures ,Campo nativo ,Plantas forrageiras [Nutricao animal] ,Horse breeding ,Criolo horses ,Foraging learning ,Pastejo continuo ,Alimentação [Potros] ,Equideocultura ,Herbivoria ,Dieta ,Herbivory ,Cavalo crioulo - Abstract
O conhecimento dos mecanismos de pastejo dos equinos em pastos nativos é fator relevante para a melhor compreensão das relações dos animais com a complexidade da vegetação, possibilitando a otimização das funções ecossistêmicas e viabilização da criação. Com este propósito, foi avaliado por meio de monitoramento contínuo, o comportamento ingestivo de seis potros ao pé de éguas Crioulas, do nascimento aos 130 dias de idade, com intervalos 15 dias. Os animais foram divididos em duas manadas, manejadas em pastoreio contínuo, com oferta de forragem não-limitante, em pastagem natural do Bioma Pampa, região de Campos de solos rasos, Santana do Livramento, RS. Foram verificadas as relações e fatores de influência no aprendizado de pastejo do potro. O monitoramento contínuo por observação direta permitiu avaliar instantaneamente os bocados realizados pelos potros, durante quatro horas a partir do amanhecer, e quatro horas antes do anoitecer. Foram realizadas simulações de bocados para estimativa de MS de cada categoria de bocado e taxas de ingestão de MS instantânea dos animais. A composição e diversidade da dieta do potro em relação à mãe e aos pares demonstrou padrões de distanciamento que evidenciam funções definidas com a idade na evolução da herbivoria do potro. Verificaram-se duas fases bem definidas na evolução do pastejo do potro. A primeira fase exploratória, entre 0 e 60 dias, caracterizada pela grande diversidade de bocados e baixa ingestão de MS vegetal. Neste período, a base do aporte nutricional é via amamentação, e evidencia o maior distanciamento entre componentes da dieta de mãe e respectivo potro. O índice de diversidade da dieta do potro é maior que o índice de diversidade da vegetação, o que ratifica o caráter exploratório. A segunda fase, de especialização, inicia a partir dos 60 dias, onde ocorre uma especialização para a função ingestão de MS, preconizada pelo aumento na MS e diminuição na diversidade dos bocados. O grande aumento na ingestão de MS pelo potro entre 60 e 80 dias de vida denota um alinhamento das funções de égua e potro, com os padrões de composição da dieta semelhantes, se estabilizando ao redor de 100 dias. Entretanto, há diferenças entre as dietas dos grupos familiares (égua-potro), confererindo um fator cultural materno filial. A identificação dos períodos e fatores de aprendizagem do potro pode respaldar estratégias de manejo para melhor condução dos métodos de pastoreio dos equinos em ambientes pastoris, especialmente em pastagens naturais com grande biodiversidade, visando contemplar e ampliar funções ecossistêmicas. Understanding the foraging mechanisms of horses in native pastures is a relevant factor for better comprehending the relationship of those animals in response to the vegetation complexity. It allows for optimizing ecosystem functions and livestock production. The ingestive behavior of six pairs of Criolo mares and foals was evaluated using continuous bite monitoring, from birth to 130 days, in 15 days intervals. The animals were divided in two groups, managed under continuous stocking, with non-limiting herbage allowance, in the shallow soil Pampa Grasslands, in southern Brazil. The relationships between and within pairs, and other influencing factors for the foraging learning process were assessed. The continuous monitoring allowed for evaluating bites for four hours after dawn and four hours before dusk. Bite simulations were done for estimating bite mass for each category, and calculating instantaneous dry matter intake rate. The diverging patterns of the foals’ diet composition and diversity in relation to their dams and to other peers indicated defined functions that varied with age in the evolution of herbivory. Two distinct phases were identified. First, an exploratory phase from 0 to 60 days, characterized by a great diversity of bites with low herbage intake and very distinct from the dam. During this period, milk is the main dietary component, and the diet (herbal) diversity index was larger than the diversity index for the vegetation. A second phase started at 60 days of age, where dry matter intake increased, by a specialization towards less diverse bites, but with higher mass. The large increase in dry matter intake between 60 and 80 days denoted an alignment of the intake functions of the mare and the foal, with similar diet composition, stabilizing at around 100 days. On the other hand, there was a difference on diet composition between family groups, indicating a cultural maternal filial influence. The identification of periods and factors affecting the foraging learning process of the foals can allow for improving pasture management strategies, especially on high-diversity, natural grasslands, contemplating and amplifying ecosystem functions.
- Published
- 2016
7. Características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte das raças Ideal e Texel terminadas em dois sistemas de alimentação
- Author
-
Pelegrini, Luis Fernando Vilani de, Pires, Cleber Cassol, Galvani, Diego Barcelos, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, and Silva, Guilherme Coradini Fontoura da
- Subjects
manejo alimentar ,sheep ,ovelha de descarte ,feeding management ,dressing percentage ,genotype ,rendimento ,ovinos ,genótipo ,culling ewe - Abstract
Avaliaram-se as características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte das raças Ideal e Texel terminadas em dois sistemas de alimentação. Utilizaram-se 20 ovelhas (10 da raça Ideal e 10 da raça Texel) aleatoriamente distribuídas de acordo com o grupo genético em dois manejos alimentares (confinamento e pastagem cultivada). Os abates foram realizados quando os animais atingiram 3,5 pontos de condição corporal. Os pesos de carcaça quente (PCQ) e de carcaça fria (PCF) e os rendimentos de carcaça quente (RCQ) e de carcaça fria (RCF) das ovelhas Texel foram maiores que os das ovelhas Ideal: 27,85 e 19,04 kg; 27,08 e 18,43 kg; 47,25 e 45,20% e 45,95 e 43,72%, respectivamente. O peso dos cortes perna, paleta, pescoço e costela e os pesos de músculos, ossos e gordura da perna dos animais da raça Texel foram superiores aos obtidos na raça Ideal. Quando avaliadas em porcentagem do peso corporal, no entanto, essas características não diferiram entre as duas raças. O manejo alimentar não influenciou as características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte. Ovelhas Texel apresentam cortes maiores que os de ovelhas Ideal. Carcass traits of culling ewes from Texel and Polwarth breeds submitted to two feeding systems were evaluated. Twenty ewes (10 from Polwarth breed and 10 from Texel breed) were randomly distributed according to its genetic group, in two feeding systems (feedlot and cultivated pasture). The slaughter was carried out when the animals reached body condition score of 3.5 points. Hot carcass (HCW) and cold carcass (CCW) weights and hot carcass (HCD) and cold carcass (CCD) dressing of Texel ewes were higher than those of Polwarth ewes: 27.85 and 19.04 kg, 27.08 and 18.43 kg, 47.25 and 45.20 and 45.95 and 43.72%, respectively. The absolute weights of cuts for leg, shoulder, neck and rib, and absolute weights for muscles, bones and leg fat of ewes from Texel breed were higher than those obtained by Polwarth breed. When evaluated as relative weights, however, these characteristics did not differ between the two breeds. The feeding system did not constitute a change factor for carcass traits of culling ewes. Texel ewes breed showed cuts with higher weights than those obtained by Polwarth ewes breed.
- Published
- 2008
8. Alteração da carga de endoparasitas em ovinos submetidos a diferentes níveis de folha de bananeira na alimentação.
- Author
-
Parra, Carla Lieda Cezimbra, Olivo, Clair Jorge, Agnolin, Carlos Alberto, Vogel, Fernanda Flores, Pires, Cleber Cassol, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, Parra, Carla Lieda Cezimbra, Olivo, Clair Jorge, Agnolin, Carlos Alberto, Vogel, Fernanda Flores, Pires, Cleber Cassol, and Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares
- Abstract
Vinte e seis borregas (Texel x Corriedale), com idade entre 4 e 5 meses, foram utilizados para avaliar o efeito da administração de lâminas foliares de bananeira (Musa spp.) na alimentação sobre o controle de nematódeos gastrintestinais, através da contagem de ovos/grama de fezes (OPG). Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelo controle negativo, e pelos grupos de borregas que consumiram lâminas foliares frescas de bananeira entre 0,40 e 0,80% e de 0,81 a 1,20% do peso vivo, por três dias consecutivos. Após 15 dias, esse processo foi repetido. Antes e após o fornecimento da bananeira às borregas (no 1o, 3o, 5o, 7o, 9o, 11o e 14o dias), foram coletadas amostras de fezes. Os valores médios de redução de OPG foram de 3,5; 27,6 e 46,7%, respectivamente. Resultado superior (P<0,05) foi detectado no grupo de ovinos que apresentaram maior consumo.
- Published
- 2011
9. Comportamento ingestivo e consumo de forragem por cordeiras em pastagem de milheto recebendo ou não suplemento
- Author
-
Jochims, Felipe, primary, Pires, Cleber Cassol, additional, Griebler, Letieri, additional, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, additional, Dias, Felipe Dotto, additional, and Galvani, Diego Barcelos, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Características de carcaça de ovelhas de descarte das raças Ideal e Texel terminadas em dois sistemas de alimentação
- Author
-
Pelegrini, Luis Fernando Vilani de, primary, Pires, Cleber Cassol, additional, Galvani, Diego Barcelos, additional, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, additional, and Silva, Guilherme Coradini Fontoura da, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Carcass traits of feedlot crossbred lambs slaughtered at different live weights
- Author
-
Galvani, Diego Barcelos, primary, Pires, Cleber Cassol, additional, Wommer, Tatiana Pfüller, additional, Oliveira, Franciele de, additional, Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares, additional, and François, Poliana, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.