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151 results on '"Bolyanatz, Alexander"'

1. Open Access: Material insecurity predicts greater commitment to moralistic and less commitment to local deities: a cross-cultural investigation

Author

Baimel, Adam, primary, Apicella, Coren L., additional, Atkinson, Quentin D., additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander H., additional, Cohen, Emma, additional, Handley, Carla, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Klocová, Eva Kundtová, additional, Lang, Martin, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, McNamara, Rita A., additional, Moya, Cristina, additional, Norenzayan, Ara, additional, Placek, Caitlyn D., additional, Soler, Montserrat, additional, Vardy, Thomas, additional, Weigel, Jonathan L., additional, Willard, Aiyana K., additional, Xygalatas, Dimitris, additional, and Purzycki, Benjamin Grant, additional

Published
2023
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3. The religiosity gender gap in 14 diverse societies

Author

Vardy, Thomas, primary, Moya, Cristina, additional, Placek, Caitlyn D., additional, Apicella, Coren L., additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander H., additional, Cohen, Emma, additional, Handley, Carla, additional, Klocová, Eva Kundtová, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, McNamara, Rita A., additional, Purzycki, Benjamin Grant, additional, Soler, Montserrat, additional, Weigel, Jonathan L., additional, Willard, Aiyana K., additional, Xygalatas, Dimitris, additional, Norenzayan, Ara, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Lang, Martin, additional, and Atkinson, Quentin D., additional

Published
2023
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4. Kinship intensity and the use of mental states in moral judgment across societies

Author

Curtin, Cameron M, Barrett, H Clark, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Crittenden, Alyssa N, Fessler, Daniel MT, Fitzpatrick, Simon, Gurven, Michael, Kanovsky, Martin, Kushnick, Geoff, Laurence, Stephen, Pisor, Anne, Scelza, Brooke, Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Chris, and Henrich, Joseph

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Moral judgment, Mental states, Theory of mind, Kinship intensity, Cultural evolution, WEIRD, Anthropology, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Social Psychology
Abstract

Decades of research conducted in Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, & Democratic (WEIRD) societies have led many scholars to conclude that the use of mental states in moral judgment is a human cognitive universal, perhaps an adaptive strategy for selecting optimal social partners from a large pool of candidates. However, recent work from a more diverse array of societies suggests there may be important variation in how much people rely on mental states, with people in some societies judging accidental harms just as harshly as intentional ones. To explain this variation, we develop and test a novel cultural evolutionary theory proposing that the intensity of kin-based institutions will favor less attention to mental states when judging moral violations. First, to better illuminate the historical distribution of the use of intentions in moral judgment, we code and analyze anthropological observations from the Human Area Relations Files. This analysis shows that notions of strict liability—wherein the role for mental states is reduced—were common across diverse societies around the globe. Then, by expanding an existing vignette-based experimental dataset containing observations from 321 people in a diverse sample of 10 societies, we show that the intensity of a society's kin-based institutions can explain a substantial portion of the population-level variation in people's reliance on intentions in three different kinds of moral judgments. Together, these lines of evidence suggest that people's use of mental states has coevolved culturally to fit their local kin-based institutions. We suggest that although reliance on mental states has likely been a feature of moral judgment in human communities over historical and evolutionary time, the relational fluidity and weak kin ties of today's WEIRD societies position these populations' psychology at the extreme end of the global and historical spectrum.

Published
2020

5. Correction for Bryant et al., Detecting affiliation in colaughter across 24 societies

Author

Bryant, Gregory A, Fessler, Daniel MT, Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aaroe, Lene, Apicella, Coren L, Petersen, Michael Bang, Bickham, Shaneikiah T, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, De Smet, Delphine, Diaz, Cinthya, Fancovicova, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina, Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh V, Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman P, Luberti, Francesca R, Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Scelza, Brooke A, Shin, Hyun Jung, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, van den Hende, Ellis A, Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha Elif, Yong, Jose C, Yuditha, Tessa, and Zhou, Yi

Published
2016

6. Detecting affiliation in colaughter across 24 societies

Author

Bryant, Gregory A, Fessler, Daniel MT, Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aarøe, Lene, Apicella, Coren L, Petersen, Michael Bang, Bickham, Shaneikiah T, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, De Smet, Delphine, Díaz, Cinthya, Fančovičová, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina, Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh V, Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman P, Luberti, Francesca R, Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Scelza, Brooke A, Shin, Hyun Jung, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, van den Hende, Ellis A, Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha Elif, Yong, Jose C, Yuditha, Tessa, and Zhou, Yi

Subjects
Language, Communication and Culture, Social and Personality Psychology, Psychology, Clinical Research, Adult, Affect, Auditory Perception, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Friends, Humans, Internationality, Laughter, Male, Nonverbal Communication, Young Adult, laughter, cooperation, cross-cultural, signaling, vocalization
Abstract

Laughter is a nonverbal vocal expression that often communicates positive affect and cooperative intent in humans. Temporally coincident laughter occurring within groups is a potentially rich cue of affiliation to overhearers. We examined listeners' judgments of affiliation based on brief, decontextualized instances of colaughter between either established friends or recently acquainted strangers. In a sample of 966 participants from 24 societies, people reliably distinguished friends from strangers with an accuracy of 53-67%. Acoustic analyses of the individual laughter segments revealed that, across cultures, listeners' judgments were consistently predicted by voicing dynamics, suggesting perceptual sensitivity to emotionally triggered spontaneous production. Colaughter affords rapid and accurate appraisals of affiliation that transcend cultural and linguistic boundaries, and may constitute a universal means of signaling cooperative relationships.

Published
2016

7. Small-scale societies exhibit fundamental variation in the role of intentions in moral judgment

Author

Barrett, H Clark, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Crittenden, Alyssa N, Fessler, Daniel MT, Fitzpatrick, Simon, Gurven, Michael, Henrich, Joseph, Kanovsky, Martin, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne, Scelza, Brooke A, Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Chris, Zhao, Wanying, and Laurence, Stephen

Subjects
Human Society, Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services, Strategy, Management and Organisational Behaviour, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Humans, Intention, Judgment, Morals, Rural Population, Societies, morality, intentions, cognition, culture, human universals
Abstract

Intent and mitigating circumstances play a central role in moral and legal assessments in large-scale industrialized societies. Although these features of moral assessment are widely assumed to be universal, to date, they have only been studied in a narrow range of societies. We show that there is substantial cross-cultural variation among eight traditional small-scale societies (ranging from hunter-gatherer to pastoralist to horticulturalist) and two Western societies (one urban, one rural) in the extent to which intent and mitigating circumstances influence moral judgments. Although participants in all societies took such factors into account to some degree, they did so to very different extents, varying in both the types of considerations taken into account and the types of violations to which such considerations were applied. The particular patterns of assessment characteristic of large-scale industrialized societies may thus reflect relatively recently culturally evolved norms rather than inherent features of human moral judgment.

Published
2016

8. Moralizing gods, impartiality and religious parochialism across 15 societies

Author

Lang, Martin, Purzycki, Benjamin G., Apicella, Coren L., Atkinson, Quentin D., Bolyanatz, Alexander, Cohen, Emma, Handley, Carla, Klocová, Eva Kundtová, Lesorogol, Carolyn, Mathew, Sarah, McNamara, Rita A., Moya, Cristina, Placek, Caitlyn D., Soler, Montserrat, Vardy, Thomas, Weigel, Jonathan L., Willard, Aiyana K., Xygalatas, Dimitris, Norenzayan, Ara, and Henrich, Joseph

Published
2019

9. Moral parochialism misunderstood: a reply to Piazza and Sousa

Author

Fessler, Daniel MT, Holbrook, Colin, Kanovsky, Martin, Barrett, H Clark, Bolyanatz, Alexander H, Gervais, Matthew M, Gurven, Michael, Henrich, Joseph, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne C, Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Christopher, and Laurence, Stephen

Subjects
Female, Humans, Judgment, Male, Morals, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2016

10. Moral parochialism and contextual contingency across seven societies

Author

Fessler, Daniel M.T., Barrett, H. Clark, Kanovsky, Martin, Stich, Stephen, Holbrook, Colin, Henrich, Joseph, Bolyanatz, Alexander H., Gervais, Matthew M., Gurven, Michael, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne C., von Rueden, Christopher, and Laurence, Stephen

Published
2015

11. Costly Punishment across Human Societies

Author

Henrich, Joseph, McElreath, Richard, Barr, Abigail, Ensminger, Jean, Barrett, Clark, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Cardenas, Juan Camilo, Gurven, Michael, Gwako, Edwins, Henrich, Natalie, Lesorogol, Carolyn, Marlowe, Frank, Tracer, David, and Ziker, John

Published
2006

13. Gods are watching and so what? Moralistic supernatural punishment across 15 cultures

Author

Bendixen, Theiss, primary, Lightner, Aaron D., additional, Apicella, Coren, additional, Atkinson, Quentin, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cohen, Emma, additional, Handley, Carla, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Kundtov´a Klocov´a, Eva, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, McNamara, Rita A., additional, Moya, Cristina, additional, Norenzayan, Ara, additional, Placek, Caitlyn, additional, Soler, Montserrat, additional, Vardy, Tom, additional, Weigel, Jonathan, additional, Willard, Aiyana K., additional, Xygalatas, Dimitris, additional, Lang, Martin, additional, and Purzycki, Benjamin Grant, additional

Published
2023
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14. Moral parochialism misunderstood: a reply to Piazza and Sousa

Author

Fessler, Daniel M. T., Holbrook, Colin, Kanovsky, Martin, Barrett, H. Clark, Bolyanatz, Alexander H., Gervais, Matthew M., Gurven, Michael, Henrich, Joseph, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne C., Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Christopher, and Laurence, Stephen

Published
2016

15. Moral parochialism and contextual contingency across seven societies

Author

Fessler, Daniel M. T., Barrett, H. Clark, Kanovsky, Martin, Stich, Stephen, Holbrook, Colin, Henrich, Joseph, Bolyanatz, Alexander H., Gervais, Matthew M., Gurven, Michael, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne C., von Rueden, Christopher, and Laurence, Stephen

Published
2015

18. Evolution of Fairness: Rereading the Data [with Response]

Author

DELTON, ANDREW W., KRASNOW, MAX M., COSMIDES, LEDA, TOOBY, JOHN, HENRICH, JOSEPH, ENSMINGER, JEAN, MCELREATH, RICHARD, BARR, ABIGAIL, BARRETT, CLARK, BOLYANATZ, ALEXANDER, CARDENAS, JUAN CAMILO, GURVEN, MICHAEL, GWAKO, EDWINS, HENRICH, NATALIE, LESOROGOL, CAROLYN, MARLOWE, FRANK, TRACER, DAVID, and ZIKER, JOHN

Published
2010

20. The religiosity gender gap in 14 diverse societies

Author

Vardy, Tom, primary, Moya, Cristina, additional, Placek, Caitlyn D., additional, Apicella, Coren L., additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cohen, Emma, additional, Handley, Carla, additional, Kundtová Klocová, Eva, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, McNamara, Sarah A., additional, Purzycki, Benjamin G., additional, Soler, Montserrat, additional, Weigel, Jonathan L., additional, Willard, Aiyana K., additional, Xygalatas, Dimitris, additional, Norenzayan, Ara, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Lang, Martin, additional, and Atkinson, Quentin D., additional

Published
2022
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21. The moralization bias of gods’ minds: a cross-cultural test

Author

Purzycki, Benjamin Grant, primary, Willard, Aiyana K., additional, Klocová, Eva Kundtová, additional, Apicella, Coren, additional, Atkinson, Quentin, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cohen, Emma, additional, Handley, Carla, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Lang, Martin, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Mathew, Sarah, additional, McNamara, Rita A., additional, Moya, Cristina, additional, Norenzayan, Ara, additional, Placek, Caitlyn, additional, Soler, Montserrat, additional, Vardy, Tom, additional, Weigel, Jonathan, additional, Xygalatas, Dimitris, additional, and Ross, Cody T., additional

Published
2022
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24. Erratum

Author

Bryant, Gregory A., Fessler, Daniel M.T., Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aarøe, Lene, Apicella, Coren L., Petersen, Michael Bang, Bickham, Shaneikiah T., Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, de Smet, Delphine, Díaz, Cinthya, Fančovičová, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina, Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh V., Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman P., Luberti, Francesca R., Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Scelza, Brooke A., Shin, Hyun Jung, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, van den Hende, Ellis A., Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha Elif, Yong, Jose C., Yuditha, Tessa, Zhou, Yi, and Management and Organisation

Abstract

The authors note that Table 1 appeared incorrectly. The corrected table appears below. (Table Presented).

Published
2021
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29. Small-scale societies exhibit fundamental variation in the role of intentions in moral judgment.

Author

Bolyanatz, Alexander, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Crittenden, Alyssa, Henrich, Joseph, Kanovsky, Martin, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne, Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Chris, Zhao, Wanying, Laurence, Stephen, Fitzpatrick, Simon, Scelza, Brooke, Barrett, Harold, Fessler, Daniel, Gurven, Michael, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Crittenden, Alyssa, Henrich, Joseph, Kanovsky, Martin, Kushnick, Geoff, Pisor, Anne, Stich, Stephen, von Rueden, Chris, Zhao, Wanying, Laurence, Stephen, Fitzpatrick, Simon, Scelza, Brooke, Barrett, Harold, Fessler, Daniel, and Gurven, Michael

Abstract

Intent and mitigating circumstances play a central role in moral and legal assessments in large-scale industrialized societies. Although these features of moral assessment are widely assumed to be universal, to date, they have only been studied in a narrow range of societies. We show that there is substantial cross-cultural variation among eight traditional small-scale societies (ranging from hunter-gatherer to pastoralist to horticulturalist) and two Western societies (one urban, one rural) in the extent to which intent and mitigating circumstances influence moral judgments. Although participants in all societies took such factors into account to some degree, they did so to very different extents, varying in both the types of considerations taken into account and the types of violations to which such considerations were applied. The particular patterns of assessment characteristic of large-scale industrialized societies may thus reflect relatively recently culturally evolved norms rather than inherent features of human moral judgment.

Published
2016

31. Voices of Conflict

Author

Bolyanatz, Alexander H.

Subjects
Voices of Conflict (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Published
1995

35. Erratum

Author

Bryant, Gregory A., Fessler, Daniel M.T., Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aarøe, Lene, Apicella, Coren L., Petersen, Michael Bang, Bickham, Shaneikiah T., Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, Smet, Delphine De, Díaz, Cinthya, Faněoviěová, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina P., Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh V., Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman P., Luberti, Francesca R., Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Scelza, Brooke A., Shin, Hyun Jung, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, Van den Hende, Ellis A., Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha Elif, Yong, Jose C., Yuditha, Tessa, Zhou, Yi, and Management and Organisation

Published
2016
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37. Detecting affiliation in colaughter across 24 societies.

Author

Fusaroli, Riccardo, Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aarøe, Lene, Apicella, Coren, Petersen, Michael, Bickham, Shaneikiah, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, De Smet, Delphine, Díaz, Cinthya, Fančovičová, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina, Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh, Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman, Luberti, Francesca, Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Shin, Hyun, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, van den Hende, Ellis, Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha, Yong, Jose, Yuditha, Tessa, Zhou, Yi, Scelza, Brooke, Bryant, Gregory, Fessler, Daniel, Fusaroli, Riccardo, Fusaroli, Riccardo, Clint, Edward, Aarøe, Lene, Apicella, Coren, Petersen, Michael, Bickham, Shaneikiah, Bolyanatz, Alexander, Chavez, Brenda, De Smet, Delphine, Díaz, Cinthya, Fančovičová, Jana, Fux, Michal, Giraldo-Perez, Paulina, Hu, Anning, Kamble, Shanmukh, Kameda, Tatsuya, Li, Norman, Luberti, Francesca, Prokop, Pavol, Quintelier, Katinka, Shin, Hyun, Soler, Montserrat, Stieger, Stefan, Toyokawa, Wataru, van den Hende, Ellis, Viciana-Asensio, Hugo, Yildizhan, Saliha, Yong, Jose, Yuditha, Tessa, Zhou, Yi, Scelza, Brooke, Bryant, Gregory, and Fessler, Daniel

Abstract

Laughter is a nonverbal vocal expression that often communicates positive affect and cooperative intent in humans. Temporally coincident laughter occurring within groups is a potentially rich cue of affiliation to overhearers. We examined listeners judgments of affiliation based on brief, decontextualized instances of colaughter between either established friends or recently acquainted strangers. In a sample of 966 participants from 24 societies, people reliably distinguished friends from strangers with an accuracy of 53-67%. Acoustic analyses of the individual laughter segments revealed that, across cultures, listeners judgments were consistently predicted by voicing dynamics, suggesting perceptual sensitivity to emotionally triggered spontaneous production. Colaughter affords rapid and accurate appraisals of affiliation that transcend cultural and linguistic boundaries, and may constitute a universal means of signaling cooperative relationships.

Published
2016

39. Tattoo: An Anthropology

Author

Bolyanatz, Alexander H.

Subjects
Tattoo: An Anthropology (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews, History
Published
2006

41. Culture does account for variation in game behavior

Author

Henrich, Joseph, primary, Boyd, Robert, additional, McElreath, Richard, additional, Gurven, Michael, additional, Richerson, Peter J., additional, Ensminger, Jean, additional, Alvard, Michael, additional, Barr, Abigail, additional, Barrett, Clark, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Camerer, Colin F., additional, Cardenas, Juan-Camilo, additional, Fehr, Ernst, additional, Gintis, Herbert M., additional, Gil-White, Francisco, additional, Gwako, Edwins Laban, additional, Henrich, Natalie, additional, Hill, Kim, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Patton, John Q., additional, Marlowe, Frank W., additional, Tracer, David P., additional, and Ziker, John, additional

Published
2012
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43. Response—Evolution of Fairness

Author

Henrich, Joseph, primary, Ensminger, Jean, additional, McElreath, Richard, additional, Barr, Abigail, additional, Barrett, Clark, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cardenas, Juan Camilo, additional, Gurven, Michael, additional, Gwako, Edwins, additional, Henrich, Natalie, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Marlowe, Frank, additional, Tracer, David, additional, and Ziker, John, additional

Published
2010
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44. Homo Æqualis: A Cross-Society Experimental Analysis of Three Bargaining Games

Author

Barr, Abigail Margaret, primary, Ensminger, Jean, additional, Henrich, Joe, additional, Wallace, Chris, additional, Barrette, Clark, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cárdenas, Juan-Camilo, additional, Gurven, Michael, additional, Gwako, Edwins, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, Marlowe, Frank, additional, McElreath, Richard, additional, Tracer, David, additional, and Ziker, John, additional

Published
2009
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46. More ‘altruistic’ punishment in larger societies

Author

Marlowe, Frank W, primary, Berbesque, J. Colette, additional, Barr, Abigail, additional, Barrett, Clark, additional, Bolyanatz, Alexander, additional, Cardenas, Juan Camilo, additional, Ensminger, Jean, additional, Gurven, Michael, additional, Gwako, Edwins, additional, Henrich, Joseph, additional, Henrich, Natalie, additional, Lesorogol, Carolyn, additional, McElreath, Richard, additional, and Tracer, David, additional

Published
2007
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47. The myth of the Noble Savage

Author

Bolyanatz, Alexander H.

Subjects
The Myth of the Noble Savage (Book) -- Ellingson, Ter, Books -- Book reviews, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Abstract

ELLINGSON, TER. The myth of the Noble Savage. xxii, 445 pp., illus., bibliogr. London, Berkeley: Univ. California Press. 2001. £38.00 (cloth), £15.95 (paper) Ellingson, in this valuable contribution to the [...]

Published
2005

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