Search

Your search keyword '"Bok Ai Choo"' showing total 121 results
Start Over Author "Bok Ai Choo"
121 results on '"Bok Ai Choo"'

1. Post-Operative Radiation in Early Breast Cancer with N1 Disease: 10-Year Follow-Up

Author

Ee Ling Serene Tang, E-Jan Sim, Wei-Wen Ang, Jun Su, Juliana Jia Chuan Chen, Mun Yew Patrick Chan, Bok Ai Choo, and Ern Yu Tan

Subjects
nodal radiation, recurrence, survival, Medicine
Abstract

Post-operative radiotherapy for post-menopausal women with early breast cancer and N1 disease is controversial. Although locoregional control is improved, overall survival (OS) benefit is unclear. The clinical benefit of post-operative irradiation in this group of patients over 10 years was reviewed. We aimed to evaluate the OS, disease-free survival (DFS), and factors affecting OS and DFS. A retrospective review of 191 post-menopausal women with early breast cancer and N1 disease from 2004 to 2011 was performed. Demographics, post-operative histology, adjuvant treatment, OS, and DFS were evaluated. Post-operative radiation was given to 95 of 191 women (49.7%). Younger age at diagnosis (p < 0.001), a greater number of involved nodes (p = 0.004), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and a higher tumor grade (p = 0.001) were more likely in women who received post-operative radiation. Nodal radiation did not improve 10-year DFS (p = 0.084) or OS (p = 0.203). Post-operative nodal radiation was associated with significant improvement in 10-year OS in women who received only hormonal therapy (p = 0.047) and no other systemic therapy. Women with unfavorable risk factors were more likely to receive post-operative radiation, likely due to a perceived higher risk of recurrence. Nodal radiation did not significantly improve 10-year DFS or OS in early breast cancer patients with N1 disease, and the benefit was not clearly demonstrated. However, in those who were on hormonal therapy, radiotherapy was beneficial in improving overall survival.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Does external beam radiation boost to pelvic lymph nodes improve outcomes in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer?

Author

Caryn Wujanto, Bok Ai Choo, David Tan, Arunachalam Ilancheran, Joseph Ng, Jeffrey J. H. Low, Liang Shen, Johann Tang, and Vicky Koh

Subjects
Cervical cancer, Radiotherapy, Pelvic node, Radiation boost, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Current recommendation for locally advanced cervical cancer includes pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with concurrent chemotherapy followed by brachytherapy. Involvement of pelvic lymph nodes is an important prognostic factor in locally advanced cervical cancer and recurrence commonly occurs despite definitive treatment. To date, there is no standard guideline on whether an EBRT boost should be applied to involved pelvic lymph nodes. Our study aims to assess if pelvic EBRT boost would reduce recurrence, benefit survival, and affect associated toxicities. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of locally advanced cervical cancer cases treated with definitive treatment at our institution. Involvement of pelvic lymph nodes were assessed on CT, MRI (> 10 mm or suspicious features) or PET scan (SUVmax > 2.5). EBRT dose ranged from 45 to 50.4 Gy with nodal boost ranging from 3.6–19.8 Gy. Results Between 2008 to 2015, 139 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer underwent treatment. Sixty-seven patients had positive pelvic lymph nodes, of which 53.7% received a nodal boost. Five-year recurrence free survival was 48.6% with vs. 64.5% without nodal boost (P = 0.169) and 5-year overall survival in those with positive pelvic lymph nodes was 74.3% with vs. 80.6% without nodal boost (P = 0.143). There was no significant difference in toxicity with nodal boost. Conclusions EBRT boost to pelvic lymph nodes does not reduce recurrence or improve survival in locally advanced cervical cancer with lymph node involvement at diagnosis.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Novel anesthetic technique for combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer in an outpatient setting

Author

Yiat Horng Leong, Kenneth Hock Soon Tan, Bok Ai Choo, Vicky Yaling Koh, and Johann I-Hsiung Tang

Subjects
anesthetic technique, cervix cancer, interstitial brachytherapy, Medicine
Abstract

Purpose : To determine the feasibility and safety of outpatient combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer with sedation and local anesthesia. Material and methods : We included patients diagnosed with non-metastatic cervix cancer and have completed brachytherapy between December 2015 and December 2016. Moderate to deep sedation was achieved using intravenous midazolam, propofol, fentanyl, and oxycodone. Local anesthesia was achieved with 2% lignocaine gel and a paracervical block containing a mixture of 1% ropivacaine, 2% lignocaine, and 1 : 1,000 adrenaline. Ceftriaxone and ondansetron were given prophylactically. Physiologic monitoring was performed throughout and pain scores were recorded using the Numeric Rating Scale. Follow-up was conducted at 8 weeks from the last fraction of brachytherapy. The feasibility and safety endpoints were a post-anesthesia discharge score (PADS) of 9 or above, and no grade 3 or above adverse events, respectively. Results : A total of thirty-five brachytherapy insertions were carried out on nine patients. The median age of the patients was 56 years (range, 40-65). Eight patients had American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status of I or II, and one had a status of III. The mean duration of the insertion was 39 minutes (standard deviation [SD] = 14), during which no adverse events occurred. There was no significant nausea or vomiting post-sedation. The median pain scores post-insertion and during recovery were 0 (range, 0-6) and 0 (range, 0-7), respectively. At discharge, all patients had pain scores of 0 and maximum PADS of 10. The mean time to discharge was 4.1 hours (SD = 0.95). There were no brachytherapy-related admissions or complications. Conclusions : Outpatient combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer with sedation and local anesthesia is feasible and safe. This could potentially lead to significant cost savings.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. 2D to 3D Evaluation of Organs at Risk Doses in Intracavitary Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer

Author

Khai Mun Lee, Bok Ai Choo, and Yun Inn Tan

Subjects
brachytherapy, cervical cancer, CT-based, intracavitary, Medicine
Abstract

Purpose: To compare International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) bladder and rectum reference points doses with volumetric doses in 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for cervical cancer. Also to compare bladder, rectum and sigmoid (organs at risk, OARs) volume doses with dose constraints recommended by the(GYN) GEC-ESTRO Working Group.Material and methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 10 patients with a total of 55 fractions CT-based high dose rate (HDR) ICBT. ICRU bladder (bICRU) and rectum (rICRU) points were defined according to ICRU Report 38 on the CT images and prospectively kept to less than 80% of prescription dose to Point A during real treatment planning.Post-treatment, outer wall of OARs were contoured and minimum dose to 2cc (D2cc) of the most irradiated part of the OARs was obtained from the dose-volume histogram (DVH). Total dose (external beam radiotherapy plus ICBT) were computed with ICRU point dose and D2cc and compared.Results: The mean ICRU point dose and D2cc volume dose were found to be significantly different for bladder (per fraction: p = 0.000; total dose: p = 0.004) but no differences were found for rectum (per fraction: p = 0.055; total dose: p = 0.090). bICRU point dose underestimated D2cc dose with an average ratio of 1.34 ± 0.34. 3 out of 10 patients, 7 out of 10 patients, and 5 out of 10 patients exceeded the recommended dose constraint for bladder, rectum, and sigmoid, respectively.Conclusions: bICRU was not representative of bladder D2cc and resulted in different total dose. rICRU was found to be similar to D2cc dose and was reliable in total dose computation. Our current institutional practice of point-based planning in ICBT resulted in significant number of patients’ OARs doses exceeded the volume constraint, because the total dose concept was not used propectively in planning.

Published
2010

5. Phase 1 Study of Low-Dose Fractionated Whole Abdominal Radiation Therapy in Combination With Weekly Paclitaxel for Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer (GCGS-01)

Author

Bok Ai Choo, Nesaretnam Barr Kumarakulasinghe, Johann I. Tang, Valerie Heong, Mellisa Low, Diana Lim, Pearl Tong, Vicky Koh, Yi Wan Lim, Michelle Tseng, Siew Eng Lim, Jeffrey Low, Natalie Ngoi, David S.P. Tan, A. Ilancheran, Yee Liang Thian, Yiat Horng Leong, and Joseph S. Ng

Subjects
Adult, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Neutropenia, Maximum Tolerated Dose, Paclitaxel, Anemia, medicine.medical_treatment, Platinum Compounds, Gastroenterology, Drug Administration Schedule, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Abdomen, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Adverse effect, Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, Radiation, business.industry, Weekly paclitaxel, Chemoradiotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Progression-Free Survival, Radiation therapy, Oncology, chemistry, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Toxicity, Disease Progression, Female, Dose Fractionation, Radiation, Ovarian cancer, business
Abstract

Purpose Low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiation therapy (LDFWART) has synergistic activity with paclitaxel in preclinical models. The aim of this phase 1 trial was to determine the recommended phase 2 dose and preliminary activity of weekly paclitaxel (wP) concurrent with LDFWART in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC). Methods and Materials Patients were enrolled at de-escalating dose levels of wP (part A), starting at 80 mg/m2, concurrent with fixed-dose LDFWART delivered in 60 cGy fractions twice-daily, 2 days per week, for 6 continuous weeks. After completing the 6-week course of wP + LDFWART, patients received wP until disease progression. Dose-limiting toxicity was evaluated during the first 3 weeks of wP + LDFWART. At wP (80 mg/m2) + LDFWART, no dose-limiting toxicities were observed; this was the established maximum tolerated dose. The trial was expanded (part B) with 7 additional patients with platinum-resistant, high-grade serous ovarian cancer to confirm toxicity and activity. Results A total of 10 heavily pretreated patients were recruited (3 patients to part A, 7 patients to part B). They had received a median of 5 prior lines of therapy, and 70% of patients had received prior wP; 60% of patients completed 6 weeks of wP + LDFWART. Common related grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (60%) and anemia (30%). Median progression-free survival was 3.2 months, and overall survival was 13.5 months. Of patients evaluable for response, 33% (3 of 9) achieved confirmed biochemical response (CA125 decrease >50% from baseline), 11% (1) achieved a partial response, and 5 patients had stable disease, giving a disease control rate of 66.7% (6 of 9). Four patients had durable disease control of ≥12 weeks, completing 12 to 21 weeks of wP. Conclusions The recommended phase 2 dose of wP + LDFWART for 6 weeks is 80 mg/m2. Encouraging efficacy in heavily pretreated PROC patients was observed, suggesting that further development of this therapeutic strategy in PROC should be considered.

Published
2020

6. Novel anesthetic technique for combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer in an outpatient setting

Author

Kenneth Hock Soon Tan, Yiat Horng Leong, Vicky Yaling Koh, Johann I-Hsiung Tang, and Bok Ai Choo

Subjects
interstitial brachytherapy, medicine.medical_specialty, Sedation, medicine.medical_treatment, Brachytherapy, lcsh:Medicine, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Fentanyl, cervix cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Paracervical block, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Local anesthesia, anesthetic technique, Original Paper, Ropivacaine, business.industry, lcsh:R, Surgery, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Midazolam, medicine.symptom, business, Propofol, medicine.drug
Abstract

Purpose : To determine the feasibility and safety of outpatient combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer with sedation and local anesthesia. Material and methods : We included patients diagnosed with non-metastatic cervix cancer and have completed brachytherapy between December 2015 and December 2016. Moderate to deep sedation was achieved using intravenous midazolam, propofol, fentanyl, and oxycodone. Local anesthesia was achieved with 2% lignocaine gel and a paracervical block containing a mixture of 1% ropivacaine, 2% lignocaine, and 1 : 1,000 adrenaline. Ceftriaxone and ondansetron were given prophylactically. Physiologic monitoring was performed throughout and pain scores were recorded using the Numeric Rating Scale. Follow-up was conducted at 8 weeks from the last fraction of brachytherapy. The feasibility and safety endpoints were a post-anesthesia discharge score (PADS) of 9 or above, and no grade 3 or above adverse events, respectively. Results : A total of thirty-five brachytherapy insertions were carried out on nine patients. The median age of the patients was 56 years (range, 40-65). Eight patients had American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status of I or II, and one had a status of III. The mean duration of the insertion was 39 minutes (standard deviation [SD] = 14), during which no adverse events occurred. There was no significant nausea or vomiting post-sedation. The median pain scores post-insertion and during recovery were 0 (range, 0-6) and 0 (range, 0-7), respectively. At discharge, all patients had pain scores of 0 and maximum PADS of 10. The mean time to discharge was 4.1 hours (SD = 0.95). There were no brachytherapy-related admissions or complications. Conclusions : Outpatient combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy for cervix cancer with sedation and local anesthesia is feasible and safe. This could potentially lead to significant cost savings.

Published
2017

7. Navigating the challenges of the COVID-19 outbreak: Perspectives from the radiation oncology service in Singapore

Author

Timothy Cheo, Francis Ho, Jeffrey Kit Loong Tuan, Bok Ai Choo, Kiattisa Sommat, Michael L.C. Wang, Cheng Nang Leong, Shaun Zhirui Ho, Swee Peng Yap, and Jeremy Tey

Subjects
Pneumonia, Viral, Psychological intervention, Disease, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Pandemic, Health care, Risk of mortality, Medicine, Infection control, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Pandemics, Singapore, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Outbreak, COVID-19, Hematology, medicine.disease, Oncology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Radiation Oncology, Medical emergency, business, Coronavirus Infections
Abstract

In December 2019, pneumonia of unknown cause was reported by China to WHO. The outbreak was found to be caused by a coronavirus which was officially named "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease caused by it was named 'COVID-19'. The first case in Singapore was confirmed on 23rd January 2020. With lessons learnt from the SARS epidemic in 2003 and the H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009, Singapore was much better prepared to deal with the virus outbreak. The government has taken swift measures to contain and break the chain of transmission. Healthcare workers face the challenge of keeping patients and staff safe from the disease. There is a higher risk of mortality of COVID-19 in cancer patients and hence unique considerations for a radiation oncology department operating in an infectious disease outbreak. This article is the recommendations and adapted workflow from the two National Cancer Centres in Singapore with the endorsement by the working committee of the Chapter of Radiation Oncology, Academy of Medicine, Singapore. It highlights the challenges that radiation oncology departments in Singapore face and the appropriate recommended responses. This includes interventions, business continuity plans and workflow in managing a COVID-19 positive patient on radiotherapy.

Published
2020

8. Feasibility study of toxicity outcomes using GEC-ESTRO contouring guidelines on CT based instead of MRI-based planning in locally advanced cervical cancer patients

Author

A. Ilancheran, Bok Ai Choo, Soon Yau Joseph Ng, Teng Hwee Tan, Khai Mun Lee, Vicky Koh, Jen Hui Jeffrey Low, Liang Shen, and Johann Tang

Subjects
Adult, Organs at Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Brachytherapy, Urinary Bladder, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Rectum, Antineoplastic Agents, Adenocarcinoma, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Colon, Sigmoid, Cystitis, medicine, Humans, Proctitis, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiation Injuries, Cervix, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Cervical cancer, business.industry, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Cancer, Radiotherapy Dosage, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Chemoradiotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Feasibility Studies, Female, Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated, Radiology, Cisplatin, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business
Abstract

Purpose To report late rectal and bladder toxicity outcomes of a CT-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) technique for treatment of cervical cancer. Methods and Materials Between 2008 and 2014, 95 women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB to IVA cervical carcinoma treated with definitive concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions followed by planned prescription dose of 7 Gy × 4 fractions of high-dose-rate IGBT was retrospectively reviewed. At each implantation, all patients had a urinary catheter in situ and received bowel enema before undergoing planning CT simulation. A high-risk clinical target volume (HRCTV) as per GEC-ESTRO guidelines and the entire cervix, rectum, and bladder was contoured on the simulation CT according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Gynaecology Contouring Atlas. Reported doses to HRCTV and organs at risk were recorded. Toxicities were recorded using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3. Results The median followup time was 29 months. The mean HRCTV equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) of external beam radiation therapy combined with brachytherapy was 80 Gy (standard deviation [SD], 11), and the rectal doses to 2 cm3 (D2cc) EQD2 and bladder D2cc EQD2 were 74 Gy (SD, 6) and 79 Gy (SD, 15), respectively. Twenty-two patients (23%) had grade 2 proctitis and 10 patients (11%) had grade 3 proctitis. Four patients (4%) had grade 2 cystitis and two patients (2%) had grade 3 cystitis. No patients had ≥ grade 4 toxicity. Conclusions Despite CT-based brachytherapy planning, reported organ at risk toxicity was still significant compared with reported MRI-based planning series. Coimplementation of interstitial IGBT using the European Study on MRI-guided Brachytherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (EMBRACE) protocol or using intensity-modulated radiation therapy during the external beam phase treatment might help to limit these late toxicities.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Strategies for bilateral breast and comprehensive nodal irradiation in breast cancer—a comparison of IMRT and 3D conformal radiation therapy

Author

David Chia, Desiree Chen, Johann Tang, Sarahatul B Yusoff, Wee Yao Koh, Vicky Koh, Jeremy Tey, Jiade J. Lu, and Bok Ai Choo

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, business.industry, Nodal irradiation, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Radiation therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Breast cancer, Integral dose, Surgical oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, Radiology, business, Supraclavicular fossa
Abstract

Comprehensive nodal irradiation improves survival in patients with breast cancer. The usual practice of selective nodal irradiation is increasingly viewed as less than adequate but is still widely used. Bilateral breast cancer is a scenario occasionally seen in high-volume centers. We compare dosimetric outcomes in patients undergoing bilateral breast and comprehensive nodal irradiation using standard three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Volumes were delineated on 10 patients. The 3DCRT technique involved bilateral tangential breast fields, supraclavicular fossa, and axillary fields and an anterior internal mammary chain field; IMRT technique involved 12 multi-field coplanar inverse planning. The dose prescribed was 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Dose-volume histogram statistics, dose homogeneity, and conformity index were analyzed. IMRT was superior to 3DCRT in terms of PTV coverage, homogeneity index, conformity index (p

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Clinical validation of GAGE family protein as a biomarker for radiotherapy resistance in cervical cancer

Author

Jeffrey Low, Lih-Wen Deng, Bok Ai Choo, Caryn Wujanto, Diana Lim, Yiat Horng Leong, Ilancheran Arunachalam, Joseph S. Ng, David Shao Peng Tan, and Dawn Sijin Nin

Subjects
Oncology, Cervical cancer, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Locally advanced, Cancer, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Biomarker (medicine), GAGE Family, business
Abstract

42 Background: Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer in females. Treatment recommendation for locally advanced cervical cancer includes concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (RT) followed by brachytherapy. However, primary treatment failure is not uncommon and is attributed to RT resistance. In view of RT-associated complications, identification of RT-resistant groups at diagnosis will help to minimize exposure to unnecessary toxicities. Methods: Our initial studies analyzing the genetic profile of RT-sensitive and RT-resistant tumours from xenograft models have identified the GAGE-family protein as a genetic marker that is selectively upregulated in RT-resistant xenograft tumours in vitro & in animal studies and is associated with more aggressive phenotypes of these tumors. To clinically validate these findings, we carried out a pilot study on 8 patients and also analyzed GAGE-family protein levels in retrospective study samples obtained from initial biopsy samples from from patients who have completed chemoRT and brachytherapy for cervical cancer to correlate their initial GAGE-family protein levels with treatment response. Results: Immuno-histological staining of pathology samples from 8 patients in our pilot study have shown that those with a higher expression of GAGE-family protein at mRNA and protein levels are more resistant to standard RT. Our retrospective analysis of 43 cervical cancer biopsy samples showed significantly elevated levels of GAGE-family protein mRNA ( P= 0.0028) and GAGE-family protein intensity score ( P= 0.026) in the 20 patients who were found to be resistant to standard definitive RT on subsequent follow-up compared to 23 patients who responded well. Median follow-up was 42 months. Conclusions: GAGE-family protein mRNA and protein expressions are elevated in patients resistant to standard definitive RT. We aim to develop a classification system to stratify patients into responders versus poor responders based on their GAGE-family protein levels at initial diagnosis in order to personalize treatment regimen whereby good responders can be treated with reduced RT dose and poor responders can receive escalated RT dose and further therapies in order to improve outcome.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Balamurugan Vellayappan, Keith Lim, Bok Ai Choo, Jeremy Tey, Ivan Weng Keong Tham, Yu Yang Soon, Francis Ho, Cheng Nang Leong, and Wee Yao Koh

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Palliative care, palliation, medicine.medical_treatment, Pain, Review, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neoplasm Metastasis, Prospective cohort study, Neoplasm Staging, Radiotherapy, business.industry, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, gastric cancer, Palliative Care, Dose fractionation, Cancer, Radiotherapy Dosage, medicine.disease, bleeding, Combined Modality Therapy, Surgery, Radiation therapy, Regimen, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Dose Fractionation, Radiation, business, Chemoradiotherapy
Abstract

// Jeremy Tey 1 , Yu Yang Soon 1 , Wee Yao Koh 1 , Cheng Nang Leong 1 , Bok Ai Choo 1 , Francis Ho 1 , Balamurugan Vellayappan 1 , Keith Lim 1 and Ivan W.K. Tham 1 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Hospital, National Cancer Institute of Singapore, Singapore Correspondence to: Jeremy Tey, email: // Keywords : radiotherapy, gastric cancer, palliation, bleeding, pain Received : December 01, 2016 Accepted : February 07, 2017 Published : February 20, 2017 Abstract Background/Purpose: To review the efficacy and toxicity of palliative radiotherapy (RT) for symptomatic locally advanced gastric cancer (GC) and to determine the optimal RT schedule for symptom palliation. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and CENTRAL for eligible studies published from 1995 to 2015. Outcomes of interest were relief of bleeding, pain and obstruction. Results: Seven non-comparative observational studies were included. There were large variations in RT dose and fractionation. The pooled overall response rates for bleeding, pain and obstruction symptoms were 74%, 67% and 68% respectively. There was no difference in response rate of bleeding between regimens with high biological equivalent dose (BED) of ≥ 39Gy versus regimens with low BED

Published
2016

12. Outcomes following treatment for patients with cranial nerve involvement from nasopharyngeal cancer

Author

Khai Mun Lee, Mei Ling Yap, Yiong Huak Chan, I.W. Tham, Bok Ai Choo, and Jay Jiade Lu

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Nasopharyngeal neoplasm, Physical examination, medicine.disease, Surgery, Clinical trial, Radiation therapy, Oncology, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business, Progressive disease, Chemoradiotherapy
Abstract

Introduction: Patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) commonly present with cranial nerve (CN) involvement, which can cause significant morbidity. We aimed to characterise the pattern of involvement and outcomes of these patients, as well as determine if these differed according to the mode of diagnosis. Methods: Patients were included if they had non-distant metastatic NPC, presented with CN involvement and completed radiotherapy treatment between 2002 and 2008. The clinical response was categorised as complete response, partial response, stable or progressive disease. The radiological response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. The loco-regional control and disease-free survival rates were estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Forty-seven patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. CN lesions were diagnosed on clinical examination in 15% of patients, radiologically in 40% and both clinically and radiologically in 45% of patients. A complete or partial response of the CN lesions was seen clinically in 82% and radiologically in 95% of patients. The 3-year local relapse free survival was 64.3%, distant metastasis-free survival was 46.1% and overall survival was 82.8%. There were no differences in outcomes between patients with clinically versus radiologically detected CN lesions. Conclusion: Most of these patients are likely to undergo clinical and/or radiological resolution of the nerve lesions following chemoradiotherapy, but the outcome was not determined by the mode of diagnosis (radiological or clinical).

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Unified registration framework for cumulative dose assessment in cervical cancer across external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy

Author

Sharmili Roy, John J. Totman, and Bok Ai Choo

Subjects
Cervical cancer, medicine.medical_specialty, Cumulative dose, Computer science, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Brachytherapy, Uterus, Rectum, Image segmentation, medicine.disease, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Radiation therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Medical physics, External beam radiotherapy, Nuclear medicine, business
Abstract

Dose accumulation across External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) and Brachytherapy (BT) treatment fractions in cervical cancer is extremely challenging due to structural dissimilarities and large inter-fractional anatomic deformations between the EBRT and BT images. The brachytherapy applicator and the bladder balloon, present only in the BT images, introduce missing structural correspondences for the underlying registration problem. Complex anatomical deformations caused by the applicator and the balloon, different rectum and bladder filling and tumor shrinkage compound the registration difficulties. Conventional free-form registration methods struggle to handle such topological differences. In this paper, we propose a registration pipeline that first transforms the original images to their distance maps based on segmentations of critical organs and then performs non-linear registration of the distance maps. The resulting dense deformation field is then used to transform the original anatomical image. The registration accuracy is evaluated on 27 image pairs from stage 2B-4A cervical cancer patients. The algorithm reaches a Hausdorff distance of close to 0:5 mm for the uterus, 2:2 mm for the bladder and 1:7 mm for the rectum when applied to (EBRT,BT) pairs, taken at time points more than three months apart. This generalized model-free framework can be used to register any combination of EBRT and BT images as opposed to methods in the literature that are tuned for either only (BT,BT) pair, or only (EBRT,EBRT) pair or only (BT,EBRT) pair. A unified framework for 3D dose accumulation across multiple EBRT and BT fractions is proposed to facilitate adaptive personalized radiation therapy.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Geodesic Registration for Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy

Author

Joseph Ng, Jeffrey Low, Sharmili Roy, John J. Totman, and Bok Ai Choo

Subjects
Cervical cancer, medicine.medical_specialty, Markov random field, Geodesic, Computer science, Cumulative dose, medicine.medical_treatment, Brachytherapy, Rectum, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Radiology, External beam radiotherapy
Abstract

Uterus, bladder and rectum are the maximally exposed organs during cervical cancer radiotherapy and are at high risk of radiation exposure. Estimation of dose accumulation in these organs across multiple fractions of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy (BT) is extremely challenging due to structural mis-correspondences and complex anatomical deformations between the EBRT and BT images. This paper proposes a unified registration framework that aligns multiple EBRT and BT images of a patient to a single coordinate frame for a cumulative dose assessment. The proposed method transforms the radiotherapy anatomical images to their distance maps from the critical organs (uterus, bladder, and rectum) and registers the distance maps. A Markov random field model is used to fuse the resulting dense deformations and transform the anatomical image. Registration accuracy is evaluated on 42 clinical image pairs and it is shown that the proposed system outperforms existing methods in the literature.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Mastectomy rates remain high in Singapore and are not associated with poorer survival after adjusting for age

Author

Ern Yu Tan, Tianjiao Zhang, Melanie D. W. Seah, Patrick M. Y. Chan, Sarah Q. H. Lu, Bok Ai Choo, and Juliana J. C. Chen

Subjects
Wide local excision, medicine.medical_specialty, Multidisciplinary, Invasive carcinoma, business.industry, Research, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Independent predictor, Surgery, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Curative surgery, Overall survival, Medicine, business, Mastectomy, Nodal involvement
Abstract

Recent reports have suggested that women undergoing mastectomy, instead of wide local excision (WLE) for Stage I and II breast cancers have poorer overall survival. This is particularly important in our setting where mastectomy rates are high. In this study, we evaluated the trends in mastectomy and WLE over a 10-year period at a single institute, identified factors more common among women who underwent mastectomy and specifically examined the effect of surgery on outcome. Retrospective review was performed of 2244 women who underwent curative surgery for non-metastatic breast cancer at our institute from 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2010. Mastectomy rates remained high over the 10 years, ranging from 43 to 59 %. Older women, those with symptoms, larger tumours and clinical nodal involvement were more likely to receive mastectomy (P

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Outcome of 6 fractions of 5.3 Gray HDR brachytherapy in combination with external beam radiotherapy for treatment of cervical cancer

Author

Khai Mun Lee, Jeremy Tey, Bok Ai Choo, Gek Hsiang Lim, Wee Yao Koh, and Keith Hsiu Chin Lim

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Neoplasm, Residual, medicine.medical_treatment, Fistula, Brachytherapy, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Antineoplastic Agents, Adenocarcinoma, Disease-Free Survival, Young Adult, Median follow-up, Cystitis, medicine, Humans, Proctitis, External beam radiotherapy, Radiation Injuries, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Cervical cancer, Radical treatment, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Acute toxicity, Surgery, Gastroenteritis, Survival Rate, Oncology, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Chronic Disease, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Radiology, Dose Fractionation, Radiation, Cisplatin, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Objective To review the characteristics, outcomes and toxicities of cervical cancer patients treated with 6 fractions of brachytherapy after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Methods All patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2000 to 2009 who were referred for radical treatment and who received 6 fractions of brachytherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), local control (LC), distant control (DC) rate, acute and late toxicities were the primary endpoints. Results Thirty-two patients with mainly advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma were identified and reviewed. Patients received EBRT of 45 to 50.4Gy in 1.8Gy daily fractions followed by 6 sessions of 3 channel brachytherapy of 5.3Gy prescribed to point H. Response rates to treatment were good, with no residual disease in 84% six weeks after the completion of treatment. With a median follow up time of 8.1years, the five-year OS, DFS, LC and distant control rates were 75%, 68.5%, 92.8% and 76.9% respectively. None of the patients developed any G3-4 acute toxicity but one patient who had advanced disease developed G3-4 proctitis with a fistula formation. Conclusions HDR brachytherapy utilizing 6 fractions of 5.3Gy prescribed to point H with concurrent chemo-radiation is superior in terms of OS and LC to regimens that deliver a lower EQD2 dose to point A/H and is associated with very low rates of toxicities.

Published
2013

18. Cancer of the Colon

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Cyclotron

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Confidence Interval

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Cancer of the Large Intestine

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Comet Assay

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Centigray (cGy)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Class I Hysterectomy

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Commission on Accreditation of Medical Physics Education Programs, Inc

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Corpus Uteri

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Cushing’s Syndrome

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Combined Modality Therapy

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Conventional Medicine

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Crossfire Effect

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Cancer-Related Fatigue

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Cobalt Gray Equivalent (CGE)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Carcinoid Tumor

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Clark Level

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. CD20 Surface Antigen

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Concept of Hyperthermia

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Cardia of Stomach

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Cancer Antigen 125

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Clinical Research

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. CA 27-29

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Cranial Nerve Palsy (CNP)

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Clinical Research and the Practice of Evidence-Based Medicine in Radiation Oncology

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Accident

Author

Christin A. Knowlton, Michelle Kolton Mackay, Tod W. Speer, Robyn B. Vera, Douglas W. Arthur, David E. Wazer, Rachelle Lanciano, James H. Brashears, Filip T. Troicki, Jaganmohan Poli, Theodore E. Yaeger, Stephan Mose, Anthony E. Dragun, Ramesh Rengan, Charles R. Thomas, Bernadine R. Donahue, Jay S. Cooper, Patrizia Guerrieri, Paolo Montemaggi, Carsten Nieder, John P. Christodouleas, Caspian Oliai, Curt Heese, Carlos A. Perez, Wade L. Thorstad, Darek Michalski, M. Saiful Huq, Brandon J. Fisher, Erik Limbergen, Bok Ai Choo, Jiade J. Lu, Luther W. Brady, Larry C. Daugherty, Claudia Rübe, Daniel Yeung, Jatinder Palta, Bradley J. Huth, Claudia E. Rübe, Jay E. Reiff, Volker Budach, Edward J. Gracely, Timothy Holmes, Daniel J. Scanderbeg, Johannes Classen, George E. Laramore, Jay J. Liao, and Jason K. Rockhill

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results