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Echocardiographic evaluation from a different perspective in asthmatic patients Introduction: It is known that there is a complex interaction between asthma and cardiovascular physiology. Some investigations on echocardiography and electrocardiography (ECG) in asthmatic patients have revealed many findings such as pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and arrhythmia. In this study, we aimed to perform tissue Doppler imaging (TDIE) and conventional echocardiographic (CEI) assessment with many indexes of arrhythmia on electrocardiography (ECG) in asthmatic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 89 patients, 63 females (70.8%) and 26 males (29.2%), were included in this study. Patients were divided into three groups, and then each group was separated in two groups as mild-moderate and severe asthma.Results: There was no difference among groups with respect to age, sex and anthropometric data. There was no difference between the groups with respect to indexes of arrhythmia on ECG (p> 0.05). Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), tricuspid annular alane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and both ventricular diastolic velocities on CEI were similar between the groups, except for left ventricular A wave velocity which was higher in severe asthmatic patients (p< 0.05). Investigation of time intervals of both ventricular diastolic filling velocities (e' and a') at the mitral lateral, septal and tricuspid lateral annulus revealed significant difference at Pa'm-3 and Pa's-3 intervals based on TDEI (p< 0.05). Only maximal volume of the LA was higher in severe asthmatic patients (p< 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between LA-VpreA and LA-Vmin (p> 0.05).Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be suggested that LA mechanical functions and intra-atrial LA electromechanical durations were impaired in severe asthmatic patients.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep disorder. Higher CRP levels has been found to rise in severe OSAS. The CRP/Prealbumin (CRP/PAB) ratio is a new index of risk of death and poor outcomes. We aimed to compare the CRP/PAB ratio with the severity of OSAS. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 99 patients with OSAS (mean age=54.34±10.3) were classified into three categories based on severity of OSAS into mild (n: 28 [28.3%]), moderate (n:23 [23.2%]), and severe (n:48 [48.5%]) based on AHI criteria. Results: The mean CRP/PAB ratios were similar among the groups (mild: 0.03± 0.03; moderate=0.02 ± 0.02; severe=0.03 ± 0.04; p=0.759). The demographic and baseline features were similar between the groups. The CRP/PAB ratio had a weak positive correlation with the age, BMI, glucose, neutrophil, platelet and monocyte values and a weak negative correlation with the Hgb, MCH and MCHC values (p, Giriş: Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu (OUAS) yaygın bir uyku hastalığıdır. Yüksek CRP düzeylerinin şiddetli OUAS durumunda yükseldiği saptanmıştır. CRP/Prealbümin (CRP/PAB) oranı ölüm riski ve kötü sonuçlar açısından yeni bir indekstir. CRP/PAB oranı ile OUAS şiddetini kıyaslanması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Kesitsel bu çalışmada OUAS tanılı 99 hasta (ortalama yaş: 54.34±10.3) AHI kriterine dayalı olarak OUAS şiddeti durumuna göre hafif (n: 28 [28.3%]), orta (n:23 [23.2%]) ve şiddetli (n:48 [48.5%]) 3 sınıfa ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Ortalama CRP/PAB oranı gruplar arasında benzer saptandı (hafif: 0.03± 0.03; orta: 0.02 ± 0.02, şiddetli: 0.03 ± 0.04, p=0.759). Demografik ve bazal özellikler gruplar arasında benzer saptandı. CRP/PAB oranı ile yaş, BMI, şeker, nötrofil, platelet ve monocit değerleri ile pozitif yönde ve Hgb, MCH, MCHC değerleri ile negatif yönde zayıf korelasyon saptandı (p

Bu çalışmanı genel amacı, Ergenler İçin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği'nin cinsiyet ve okul kademesi açısından ölçme değişmezliğine sahip olup olmadığını incelemektir. Çalışma betimsel modeldedir. Çalışmada örneklem, Niğde Ölçme Değerlendirme Merkezi tarafından yürütülen eğitim araştırmaları kapsamında yer alan 939 ortaokul ve lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem iki düzeyli tabakalama yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Ölçme değişmezliği analizi için Çok Gruplu Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda ölçeğin hem cinsiyet hem kademe açısından skaler düzeyde ölçme değişmezliğine sahip olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları ve sınırlılıkları çerçevesinde öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Arsenik, ametal ile metal arası bir özelliğe sahip olan doğada az bulunmasına karşın yer kabuğunun yapısında yaygın olarak bulunan metalloid yapılı ve metal elementlerinden biridir. Bilinen bir kanserojendir. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalarla karvakrolün etkili bir antibakteriyel aktivite gösterdiği belirlenmiş ve oksidatif stresi azalttığı, böylece istenmeyen durumların önüne geçilmesine katkı sağlayabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Bugüne kadar oksidatif stres kaynağı olarak arseniğin kullanımına karşı bazı maddelerin antioksidan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmada da arsenik ile oksidatif stres oluşturan ratlarda karvakrolün potansiyel etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, toplam 42 tane Wistar albino türü erkek rat rastgele 6 eşit gruba ayrıldı. Yapılan çalışmada arsenik (100 mg/L) ile karvakrol sırasıyla 12,5; 25; 50 mg/kg dozlarda 28 gün boyunca gastrik gavaj yolu ile verildi. 28 gün sonunda kan, beyin, karaciğer, böbrek, akciğer, testis, kalp dokularından elde edilen bulgularda, redükte glutatyon (GSH), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT) ve malondialdehit (MDA) değerleri incelendi. Aynı zamanda alkalen fosfataz (ALP), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), serumda alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) düzey değerleri incelendi. Son olarak da ratlardan alınan karaciğer ve böbrek doku örneklerinden doku hasarı ile ilişkili olan histopatolojik incelemeler ve TNF-α, IFN- γ ve NFkB yangısal genlerinin moleküler analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Arsenik, hayvanlarda belirtilen dokuların lipit peroksidasyonunda, MDA düzeyinin kontrole göre anlamlı düzeyde yükseldiği gözlendi. Arsenik verilen gruplarda kontrole göre GSH SOD, CAT değerlerindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak önem arz etti. Kontrol grubuna göre arsenik grubunun AST, ALT, ALP düzeylerinde artış saptandı. Arsenik ile oksidatif stres oluşturulup karvakrol verilen gruplarda ise AST, ALT, ALP düzeyleri kontrol grubundaki değerlere yakındı. Arsenik uygulaması IFN- γ, TNF-α ve NFkB genlerinin ekpresyon düzeylerini kontrol grubuna göre arttırdı. Histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda arsenik grubunda meydana gelen histopatolojik değişiklikler karvakrol uygularması ile kontrol grubuna yaklaştı. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirmesi yapılarak, gruplar arası farklılıkların önemi ile parametreler arası ilişkiler saptanmış ve karvakrolün, arsenik ile oksidatif strese karşı olası koruyucu etkinliği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak arsenik ile indüklenen oksidatif stres hasarına karşı karvakrolün etki pozitif yönde etki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Arsenic is one of the metalloid and metal elements, which has a feature between nonmetal and metal, and is widely found in the structure of the earth's crust, although it is rare in nature. It is a known carcinogen. In recent years, it has been determined that carvacrol has an effective antibacterial activity and it is stated that it reduces oxidative stress, thus contributing to the prevention of undesirable situations. To date, the antioxidant effect of some substances against the use of arsenic as a source of oxidative stress has been investigated. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the potential effect of carvacrol in rats that caused oxidative stress with arsenic. In the study, a total of 42 Wistar albino male rats were randomly divided into 6 equal groups. In the study, arsenic (100 mg/L) and carvacrol were found to be 12.5, respectively; 25; It was given by gastric gavage at 50 mg/kg doses for 28 days. At the end of 28 days, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) values were examined in the findings obtained from blood, brain, liver, kidney, lung, testis and heart tissues. At the same time, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were analyzed. Finally, histopathological examinations related to tissue damage and molecular analysis of TNF-α, IFN-γ and NFkB inflammatory genes were performed from liver and kidney tissue samples taken from rats. Arsenic was observed in the lipid peroxidation of tissues in animals, and the MDA level was significantly increased compared to the control. The decrease in GSH SOD and CAT values was statistically significant in the arsenic given groups compared to the control. Compared to the control group, AST, ALT, ALP levels of the arsenic group were increased. In the groups induced oxidative stress with arsenic and given carvacrol, AST, ALT, ALP levels were close to the values in the control group. Arsenic administration increased the expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α and NFkB genes compared to the control group. As a result of the histopathological examination, the histopathological changes in the arsenic group approached the control group with the application of carvacrol. The statistical evaluation of the data obtained as a result of the research, the importance of the differences between the groups and the relationships between the parameters were determined and the possible protective effectiveness of carvacrol against oxidative damage with tartrazine was determined. As a result, it was determined that carvacrol had a positive effect against arsenic-induced oxidative stress damage. Bu tez çalışması; Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Proje Araştırmaları Koordinasyon Birimi (BAPK) Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje no: “20.SAĞ.BİL.11”

The objectives are to explore the demographic and polysomnographic features of children with Down syndrome and to determine the predictive factors associated with severe sleep apnea. A total of 81 children with Down syndrome referred for full-night polysomnography were analyzed. In addition, parental interviews were performed for each child. Data were available for 81 children, with a mean age of 4.8 years. Severe obstructive sleep apnea was determined in 53.1%. Age, sex, exposure to second-hand smoke, clinical findings, anthropometric features, and the presence of comorbidities were not predictors of severe obstructive sleep apnea. Children who were exposed to second-hand smoke had more sleep-related symptoms. Even in children without symptoms, the prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea was 40%. Moreover, 86% of parents had no previous information regarding possible sleep breathing disorders in their children. Clinically significant central apnea was present in 10 patients (12.3%). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that severe obstructive sleep apnea is common in children with Down syndrome, even in children without a history of symptoms of sleep apnea. It is not possible to predict patients with severe apnea; thus, screening of children with Down syndrome beginning from young ages is very important. Central apneas could be a part of the spectrum of sleep abnormalities in Down syndrome.

Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) is a group of genetic skeletal disorders characterized by disproportionate short stature, and varying degrees of vertebral, epiphyseal, and metaphyseal involvement of the skeleton. According to the Nosology and classification of genetic skeletal disorders 2019 revision, more than 20 types of SEMD have been identified, and SEMD with immune deficiency, EXTL3 type is one of the newcomers. Affected individuals display variable skeletal abnormalities and neurodevelopmental findings. Liver and kidney cysts have also been reported frequently. Patients may exhibit varying degrees of immune deficiency as well. To date, only 14 patients from 9 unrelated families with SEMD with immune deficiency, EXTL3 type have been reported in the literature. We report a new patient who is currently 15 years old in whom cystic liver lesions were detected in the prenatal period. Disproportionate short stature, mild developmental delay and a T- NK+ B+ immunological profile were detected in the postnatal follow-up. Exome sequence analysis revealed a previously reported homozygous missense variant in exon 3 c.953C > T; p.(Pro318Leu) in EXTL3.