Search

The present paper establishes a local well-posed result for piecewise regular solutions with single shock of scalar balance laws with singular integral of convolution type kernels. In a neighborhood of the shock curve, a detailed description of the solution is provided for a general class of initial data.

We revisit a class of integer optimal control problems for which a trust-region method has been proposed and analyzed in arXiv:2106.13453v3 [math.OC]. While the algorithm proposed in arXiv:2106.13453v3 [math.OC] successfully solves the class of optimization problems under consideration, its convergence analysis requires restrictive regularity assumptions. There are many examples of integer optimal control problems involving partial differential equations where these regularity assumptions are not satisfied. In this article we provide a way to bypass the restrictive regularity assumptions by introducing an additional partial regularization of the control inputs by means of mollification and proving a $\Gamma$-convergence-type result when the support parameter of the mollification is driven to zero. We highlight the applicability of this theory in the case of fluid flows through deformable porous media equations that arise in biomechanics. We show that the regularity assumptions are violated in the case of poro-visco-elastic systems, and thus one needs to use the regularization of the control input introduced in this article. Associated numerical results show that while the homotopy can help to find better objective values and points of lower instationarity, the practical performance of the algorithm without the input regularization may be on par with the homotopy.

We investigate and clarify the mathematical properties of linear poro-elastic systems in the presence of classical (linear, Kelvin-Voigt) visco-elasticity. In particular, we quantify the time-regularizing and dissipative effects of visco-elasticity in the context of the quasi-static Biot equations. The full, coupled pressure-displacement presentation of the system is utilized, as well as the framework of implicit, degenerate evolution equations, to demonstrate such effects and characterize linear poro-visco-elastic systems. We consider a simple presentation of the dynamics (with convenient boundary conditions, etc.) for clarity in exposition across several relevant parameter ranges. Clear well-posedness results are provided, with associated a priori estimates on the solutions. In addition, precise statements of admissible initial conditions in each scenario are given., Comment: 1 table

We consider quasi-static poroelastic systems with incompressible constituents. The nonlinear permeability is taken to be dependent on solid dilation, and physical types of boundary conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, and mixed) for the fluid pressure are considered. Such dynamics are motivated by applications in biomechanics and, in particular, tissue perfusion. This system represents a nonlinear, implicit, degenerate evolution problem. We provide a direct fixed point strategy for proving the existence of weak solutions, which is made possible by a novel result on the uniqueness of weak solution to the associated linear system (the permeability a given function of space and time). The linear uniqueness proof is based on novel energy estimates for arbitrary weak solutions, rather than just for constructed solutions (as limits of approximants). The results of this work provide a foundation for addressing strong solutions, as well uniqueness of weak solutions for the nonlinear porous media system.

We consider the interaction between an incompressible, viscous fluid modeled by the dynamic Stokes equation and a multilayered poroelastic structure which consists of a thin, linear, poroelastic plate layer (in direct contact with the free Stokes flow) and a thick Biot layer. The fluid flow and the elastodynamics of the multilayered poroelastic structure are fully coupled across a fixed interface through physical coupling conditions (including the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman condition), which present mathematical challenges related to the regularity of associated velocity traces. We prove existence of weak solutions to this fluid-structure interaction problem with either (i) a linear, dynamic Biot model, or (ii) a nonlinear quasi-static Biot component, where the permeability is a nonlinear function of the fluid content (as motivated by biological applications). The proof is based on constructing approximate solutions through Rothe's method, and using energy methods and a version of Aubin-Lions compactness lemma (in the nonlinear case) to recover the weak solution as the limit of approximate subsequences. We also provide uniqueness criteria and show that constructed weak solutions are indeed strong solutions to the coupled problem if one assumes additional regularity.

We analyze a quasi-static Biot system of poroelasticity for both compressible and incompressible constituents. The main feature of this model is a nonlinear coupling of pressure and dilation through the system's permeability tensor. Such a model has been analyzed previously from the point of view of constructing weak solutions through a fully discretized approach. In this treatment, we consider simplified Dirichlet type boundary conditions in both the elastic displacement and pressure variables and give a full treatment of weak solutions. Our construction of weak solutions for the nonlinear problem is based on a priori estimates, a requisite feature in addressing the nonlinearity. We utilize a spatial semi-discretization and employ a multi-valued fixed point argument for a clear construction of weak solutions. We also provide regularity criteria for uniqueness of solutions.

The main goal of this work is to clarify and quantify, by means of mathematical analysis, the role of structural viscoelasticity in the biomechanical response of deformable porous media with incompressible constituents to sudden changes in external applied loads. Models of deformable porous media with incompressible constituents are often utilized to describe the behavior of biological tissues, such as cartilages, bones and engineered tissue scaffolds, where viscoelastic properties may change with age, disease or by design. Here, for the first time, we show that the fluid velocity within the medium could increase tremendously, even up to infinity, should the external applied load experience sudden changes in time and the structural viscoelasticity be too small. In particular, we consider a one-dimensional poro-visco-elastic model for which we derive explicit solutions in the cases where the external applied load is characterized by a step pulse or a trapezoidal pulse in time. By means of dimensional analysis, we identify some dimensionless parameters that can aid the design of structural properties and/or experimental conditions as to ensure that the fluid velocity within the medium remains bounded below a certain given threshold, thereby preventing potential tissue damage. The application to confined compression tests for biological tissues is discussed in detail. Interestingly, the loss of viscoelastic tissue properties has been associated with various disease conditions, such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma. Thus, the findings of this work may be relevant to many applications in biology and medicine.

In this paper we show existence of finite energy solutions for the Cauchy problem associated with a semilinear wave equation with interior damping and supercritical source terms. The main contribution consists in dealing with super-supercritical source terms (terms of the order of $|u|^p$ with $p\geq 5$ in $n=3$ dimensions), an open and highly recognized problem in the literature on nonlinear wave equations., Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure