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295 results on '"Blythe, Jim"'

1. A Tool for Distributed Collaborative Causal Discovery

Author

Tregubov, Alexey, Abramson, Jeremy, Schwab, Stephen, Blythe, Jim, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Thomson, Robert, editor, Hariharan, Aravind, editor, Renshaw, Scott, editor, Al-khateeb, Samer, editor, Burger, Annetta, editor, Park, Patrick, editor, and Pyke, Aryn, editor

Published
2024
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3. Diagnostic accuracy of an artificial intelligence online engine in migraine: A multi‐center study

Author

Cowan, Robert P, Rapoport, Alan M, Blythe, Jim, Rothrock, John, Knievel, Kerry, Peretz, Addie M, Ekpo, Elizabeth, Sanjanwala, Bharati M, and Woldeamanuel, Yohannes W

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Headaches, Migraines, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Pain Research, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Adult, Artificial Intelligence, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Headache, Headache Disorders, Humans, Male, Migraine Disorders, Sensitivity and Specificity, Surveys and Questionnaires, artificial intelligence, diagnosis, diagnostic accuracy study, migraine, online engine, semi-structured interview, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Clinical sciences, Neurosciences
Abstract

ObjectiveThis study assesses the concordance in migraine diagnosis between an online, self-administered, Computer-based, Diagnostic Engine (CDE) and semi-structured interview (SSI) by a headache specialist, both using International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria.BackgroundDelay in accurate diagnosis is a major barrier to headache care. Accurate computer-based algorithms may help reduce the need for SSI-based encounters to arrive at correct ICHD-3 diagnosis.MethodsBetween March 2018 and August 2019, adult participants were recruited from three academic headache centers and the community via advertising to our cross-sectional study. Participants completed two evaluations: phone interview conducted by headache specialists using the SSI and a web-based expert questionnaire and analytics, CDE. Participants were randomly assigned to either the SSI followed by the web-based questionnaire or the web-based questionnaire followed by the SSI. Participants completed protocols a few minutes apart. The concordance in migraine/probable migraine (M/PM) diagnosis between SSI and CDE was measured using Cohen's kappa statistics. The diagnostic accuracy of CDE was assessed using the SSI as reference standard.ResultsOf the 276 participants consented, 212 completed both SSI and CDE (study completion rate = 77%; median age = 32 years [interquartile range: 28-40], female:male ratio = 3:1). Concordance in M/PM diagnosis between SSI and CDE was: κ = 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.91). CDE diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity = 90.1% (118/131), 95% CI: 83.6%-94.6%; specificity = 95.8% (68/71), 95% CI: 88.1%-99.1%. Positive and negative predictive values = 97.0% (95% CI: 91.3%-99.0%) and 86.6% (95% CI: 79.3%-91.5%), respectively, using identified migraine prevalence of 60%. Assuming a general migraine population prevalence of 10%, positive and negative predictive values were 70.3% (95% CI: 43.9%-87.8%) and 98.9% (95% CI: 98.1%-99.3%), respectively.ConclusionThe SSI and CDE have excellent concordance in diagnosing M/PM. Positive CDE helps rule in M/PM, through high specificity and positive likelihood ratio. A negative CDE helps rule out M/PM through high sensitivity and low negative likelihood ratio. CDE that mimics SSI logic is a valid tool for migraine diagnosis.

Published
2022

4. Massive Multi-Agent Data-Driven Simulations of the GitHub Ecosystem

Author

Blythe, Jim, Bollenbacher, John, Huang, Di, Hui, Pik-Mai, Krohn, Rachel, Pacheco, Diogo, Muric, Goran, Sapienza, Anna, Tregubov, Alexey, Ahn, Yong-Yeol, Flammini, Alessandro, Lerman, Kristina, Menczer, Filippo, Weninger, Tim, and Ferrara, Emilio

Subjects
Computer Science - Multiagent Systems, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract

Simulating and predicting planetary-scale techno-social systems poses heavy computational and modeling challenges. The DARPA SocialSim program set the challenge to model the evolution of GitHub, a large collaborative software-development ecosystem, using massive multi-agent simulations. We describe our best performing models and our agent-based simulation framework, which we are currently extending to allow simulating other planetary-scale techno-social systems. The challenge problem measured participant's ability, given 30 months of meta-data on user activity on GitHub, to predict the next months' activity as measured by a broad range of metrics applied to ground truth, using agent-based simulation. The challenge required scaling to a simulation of roughly 3 million agents producing a combined 30 million actions, acting on 6 million repositories with commodity hardware. It was also important to use the data optimally to predict the agent's next moves. We describe the agent framework and the data analysis employed by one of the winning teams in the challenge. Six different agent models were tested based on a variety of machine learning and statistical methods. While no single method proved the most accurate on every metric, the broadly most successful sampled from a stationary probability distribution of actions and repositories for each agent. Two reasons for the success of these agents were their use of a distinct characterization of each agent, and that GitHub users change their behavior relatively slowly.

Published
2019
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6. Optimization of Large-Scale Agent-Based Simulations Through Automated Abstraction and Simplification

Author

Tregubov, Alexey, Blythe, Jim, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Swarup, Samarth, editor, and Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy, editor

Published
2021
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7. Human-Computability Boundaries

Author

Kothari, Vijay, Anantharaman, Prashant, Jenkins, Ira Ray, Millian, Michael C., Brady, J. Peter, Ali, Sameed, Bratus, Sergey, Blythe, Jim, Koppel, Ross, Smith, Sean W., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Anderson, Jonathan, editor, Stajano, Frank, editor, Christianson, Bruce, editor, and Matyáš, Vashek, editor

Published
2020
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8. Mismorphism: The Heart of the Weird Machine

Author

Anantharaman, Prashant, Kothari, Vijay, Brady, J. Peter, Jenkins, Ira Ray, Ali, Sameed, Millian, Michael C., Koppel, Ross, Blythe, Jim, Bratus, Sergey, Smith, Sean W., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Anderson, Jonathan, editor, Stajano, Frank, editor, Christianson, Bruce, editor, and Matyáš, Vashek, editor

Published
2020
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9. User-Centered Risk Communication for Safer Browsing

Author

Das, Sanchari, Abbott, Jacob, Gopavaram, Shakthidhar, Blythe, Jim, Camp, L. Jean, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Bernhard, Matthew, editor, Bracciali, Andrea, editor, Camp, L. Jean, editor, Matsuo, Shin'ichiro, editor, Maurushat, Alana, editor, Rønne, Peter B., editor, and Sala, Massimiliano, editor

Published
2020
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29. FARM: Architecture for Distributed Agent-Based Social Simulations

Author

Blythe, Jim, Tregubov, Alexey, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Lin, Donghui, editor, Ishida, Toru, editor, Zambonelli, Franco, editor, and Noda, Itsuki, editor

Published
2019
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30. Planning with External Events

Author

Blythe, Jim S.

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

I describe a planning methodology for domains with uncertainty in the form of external events that are not completely predictable. The events are represented by enabling conditions and probabilities of occurrence. The planner is goal-directed and backward chaining, but the subgoals are suggested by analyzing the probability of success of the partial plan rather than being simply the open conditions of the operators in the plan. The partial plan is represented as a Bayesian belief net to compute its probability of success. Since calculating the probability of success of a plan can be very expensive I introduce two other techniques for computing it, one that uses Monte Carlo simulation to estimate it and one based on a Markov chain representation that uses knowledge about the dependencies between the predicates describing the domain., Comment: Appears in Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI1994)

Published
2013

31. Human-Computability Boundaries

Author

Kothari, Vijay, primary, Anantharaman, Prashant, additional, Jenkins, Ira Ray, additional, Millian, Michael C., additional, Brady, J. Peter, additional, Ali, Sameed, additional, Bratus, Sergey, additional, Blythe, Jim, additional, Koppel, Ross, additional, and Smith, Sean W., additional

Published
2020
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32. Mismorphism: The Heart of the Weird Machine

Author

Anantharaman, Prashant, primary, Kothari, Vijay, additional, Brady, J. Peter, additional, Jenkins, Ira Ray, additional, Ali, Sameed, additional, Millian, Michael C., additional, Koppel, Ross, additional, Blythe, Jim, additional, Bratus, Sergey, additional, and Smith, Sean W., additional

Published
2020
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34. DETERLab and the DETER Project

Author

Wroclawski, John, Benzel, Terry, Blythe, Jim, Faber, Ted, Hussain, Alefiya, Mirkovic, Jelena, Schwab, Stephen, McGeer, Rick, editor, Berman, Mark, editor, Elliott, Chip, editor, and Ricci, Robert, editor

Published
2016
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35. Massive Multi-agent Data-Driven Simulations of the GitHub Ecosystem

Author

Blythe, Jim, primary, Bollenbacher, John, additional, Huang, Di, additional, Hui, Pik-Mai, additional, Krohn, Rachel, additional, Pacheco, Diogo, additional, Muric, Goran, additional, Sapienza, Anna, additional, Tregubov, Alexey, additional, Ahn, Yong-Yeol, additional, Flammini, Alessandro, additional, Lerman, Kristina, additional, Menczer, Filippo, additional, Weninger, Tim, additional, and Ferrara, Emilio, additional

Published
2019
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