Search

As a result of its geographic location, cultural diversity and historical trajectory, the Gaza strip is a key zone of scholarly enquiry and has a central role in the historical, social, political, economic, legislative and environmental discourses for the wider region. Existing historical knowledge of Gaza is dominated by combative narrative trends that emphasise the events of the 20th and 21st centuries and invoke archaeology extensively. In this context, cycles of material preservation and damage—often accompanying other forms of violence—have attracted the attention of academics and international media. Among the corollaries of this situation, is the destruction and marginalisation of vulnerable cultural heritage, particularly maritime cultural heritage, which is subjected to additional environmental, climatic, and anthropogenic pressures. As a means of countering the challenges on current field research in the region and to further assess the damage and threats faced by archaeological fabric, this paper combines data from coastal and archaeological research conducted in the Gaza Strip to create a benchmark for the study of its maritime archaeology. Additional information on the alteration of coastal landscape is deduced through the analysis of aerial photographs and satellite imagery. This study falls within the scope of the Maritime Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and Africa Project (MarEA). MarEA aims to comprehensively document and assess vulnerable maritime archaeology (underwater, nearshore, coastal) and produce baseline information that can enhance existing infrastructure on archaeological monitoring and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a vital role in protecting networks from malicious attacks. Modern IDS use machine-learning or deep-learning models to deal with the diversity of attacks that malicious users may employ. However, effective machine-learning methods incur a considerable cost in both the pretraining stage and the online detection process itself. Accordingly, this study proposes a quantitative logarithmic transformation-based intrusion detection system (QLT-IDS) that uses a straightforward statistical approach to analyze network behavior. Compared with machine-learning or deep-learning-based IDS methods, the proposed system requires neither a time-consuming and expensive data collection and training process, nor a GPU-included device to achieve a real-time detection performance. Furthermore, the system can deal not only with North-South attacks, but also East-West attacks, which pose a significant risk in real-world operations. The effectiveness of the proposed system is evaluated for both real-world campus network traffic and simulated traffic. The results confirm that QLT-IDS is able to detect a wide range of malicious attacks with a high precision, even under high down-sampling rate of the NetFlow records.

Deals with a study which measured the photoluminescence of GaAs/In[sub0.07]Al[sub0.93]As tensile-stratined quantum wells grown on GaAs substrates using molecular-beam epitaxy. Experimental details; Results and discussion; Conclusion.

Discusses a study which determined the gallium arsenide/aluminum arsenide valence-band offset using a single quantum well. Experimental procedure; Mathematical equations for confinement energy; Structure of the compound.

Aims Hospital activity represents the major component of health care expenditure related to heart failure. This study evaluated the economic impact of applying specialist nurse management programmes that limit heart failure-related hospital readmissions within a whole population.Methods Using a reliable and validated estimate of the current level and cost of heart failure-related hospital activity in the U.K., we determined the thresholds at which the actual cost of establishing and applying a national service based on three different models of specialist nurse management would be equal to the ‘cost’ of bed utilization associated with preventable hospital readmissions in the year 2000. The three models of care examined were home-based, clinic-based or a combination of home plus clinic-based, post-discharge follow-up. The potential impact of this service was based on a U.K.-wide caseload of 122000 patients discharged to home with a discharge diagnosis of congestive heart failure in that year.Results Based on heart failure-specific patterns of hospital activity, we estimate that 47000 of these 122000 patients would normally accumulate a total of 594000 days of associated hospital stay from 49000 readmissions (for any reason) within 1 year of hospital discharge. The cost of these admissions to the National Health Service was calculated at £166·2 million. Taking into account other costs associated with such hospital activity (e.g. general practice and hospital outpatient visits) each 10% reduction in recurrent bed utilization would be associated with £18·0 million in cost savings. Alternatively, the cost of applying a U.K.-wide programme of home-, clinic- or home plus clinic-based follow-up was calculated to be £69·4, £73·1 and £72·5 million per annum, respectively. The relative thresholds at which generated ‘cost-savings’ would equal the cost of applying these programmes of care would therefore be a 38·5%, 40·6% and 40·3% reduction in recurrent bed utilization, respectively. If, as expected, a home-based programme of specialist nurse management reduced recurrent bed utilization by 50% or more, annual savings equivalent to £169000 per 1000 patients treated would be generated.Conclusions This is the first study to examine the economic consequences of applying a specialist nurse-mediated, post-discharge management service for heart failure within a whole population. Our findings suggest that such a service will not only improve quality of life and reduce readmissions in patients with congestive heart failure, but also reduce costs and improve the efficiency of the health care system in doing so. Copyright 2002 The European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of European Journal of Heart Failure is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)