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112 results on '"Blouke, Morley M."'

2. Quantum efficiency measurements and modeling of ion-implanted, laser-annealed charge-coupled devices: x-ray, extreme-ultraviolet, ultraviolet, and optical data

Author

Stern, Robert A., Shing, Lawrence, and Blouke, Morley M.

Subjects
Quantum optics -- Research, Charge coupled devices -- Measurement, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We report quantum efficiency measurements of backilluminated, ion-implanted, laser-annealed CCD's in the wavelength range 13-10,000 A. The equivalent quantum efficiency (the equivalent photons detected per incident photon) ranges from a minimum of 5% at 1216 A to a maximum of 87% at 135 A. Using a simple relationship for the charge-collection efficiency of the CCD pixels as a function of depth, we present a semiempirical model with few parameters that reproduces our measurements with a fair degree of accuracy. The advantage of this model is that it can be used to predict CCD quantum efficiency performance for shallow backside implanted devices without a detailed solution of a system of differential equations, as in conventional approaches, and it yields a simple analytic form for the charge-collection efficiency that is adequate for detector calibration purposes. Making detailed assumptions about the dopant profile, we also solve the current density and continuity equations in order to relate our semiempirical model parameters to surface and bulk device properties. The latter procedure helps to better establish device processing parameters for a given level of CCD quantum efficiency performance.

Published
1994

3. A quadrant-CCD star tracker

Author

Clampin, M, Durrance, S. T, Barkhouser, R, Golimowski, D. A, Wald, A, Fastie, W. G, Heidtmann, D. L, Blouke, Morley M, Westphal, James A, and Janesick, James R

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

The characteristics of a quadrant-CCD designed for pointing and tracking are discussed with reference to its use in an adaptive optics program. The quadrant-CCD is used to correct stellar image motion proceeding from atmospheric turbulence by means of a system in which a sensor measures the image offset and sends data to a high-speed tip/tilt mirror. The design and control of the device are detailed, including four 100-micron-square pixels, the quadrant architecture, controller electronics, and data acquisition computer and interface. The transfer function is set forth in the x and y directions, and transfer curves are shown. A laboratory simulation of random image motion was conducted to evaluate the performance of the quadrant-CCD as an image motion sensor, and the experimental results are presented. The suitability of the quadrant-CCD for space-based pointing and tracking uses is demonstrated by this test and two earlier theoretical studies. Some future developments which improve performance capabilities are mentioned.

Published
1990

4. Effects of transistor geometry on CCD output sensitivity

Author

Kim, H, Blouke, Morley M, and Heidtmann, D. L

Subjects
Electronics And Electrical Engineering
Abstract

This paper discusses recent progress in the understanding of the fabrication of low noise floating diffusion output amplifiers for special purpose charge-coupled devices. Emphasis has been given to reducing the total node capacitance and increasing the output sensitivity. Measurements of noise on experimental devices has yielded noise less than 3 electrons rms at 50 kpixel data rate.

Published
1990

5. Proton radiation effects on multi-pinned-phased CCDs

Author

Murata-Seawalt, D, Orbock, J. D, Delamere, W. A, Fowler, W, and Blouke, Morley M

Subjects
Electronics And Electrical Engineering
Abstract

Three Tektronix 1024 x 1024 multi-pinned-phased (MPP) charge coupled devices were irradiated with protons to obtain data on CCD performance degradation in a proton radiation environment. The devices were irradiated with a spectrum of energies up to 120 MeV, simulating the total radiation dose of a long-term space experiment. Basic parameters such as charge transfer efficiency, dark current, noise, and full well were measured before and after irradiation. A test was also performed to determine the effectiveness of various thicknesses of tantalum shielding in protecting the CCD from damage. Dark current increase and CTE degradation were the most noticeable effects of proton radiation. This paper will present the objectives, test data, and conclusions of the proton testing, and will identify future testing to be performed.

Published
1990

6. Charge transfer efficiency measurements at low signal levels on STIS/SOHO TK1024 CCD's

Author

Orbock, J. D, Murata-Seawalt, D, Delamere, W. A, and Blouke, Morley M

Subjects
Electronics And Electrical Engineering
Abstract

Charge transfer efficiency (CTE) test methods are reviewed, and the results and conclusions of the tests are given. The test methods have been utilized to describe the CTE characteristics of the Tektronix 1024 by 1024 CCD to optimize low dark current, low readout noise, and high CTE at low signal levels. CTE modelling is described, and three test methods are set forth and compared. The Fe-55 X-ray response method utilizes the response of a CCD to X-ray photons from the radioactive source Fe-55. The extended pixel edge response method employs the measurement of the charge lost to successive pixels by a known initial signal as it is shifted through the array. The charge injection method consists of charge injection through the output amplifier reset transistor. These measurements were performed on several devices with known CTEs. The CTEs are found to be in agreement for the three methods, making application and test requirements the principal criteria for their use.

Published
1990

8. Charge-coupled devices meet the test as x-ray detectors

Author

Blouke. Morley M.

Subjects
Photon detectors -- Evaluation, Charge coupled devices -- Evaluation, X-ray spectroscopy -- Equipment and supplies, Business, Electronics and electrical industries, Engineering and manufacturing industries
Published
1995

13. Current status of the 800 x 800 charge-coupled-device image sensor

Author

Blouke, Morley M, Hall, Joseph E, Cowens, Marvin W, Janesick, James R, and Elliott, Tom

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

This paper presents an updated version of a previous paper describing a three-phase 800 x 800 charge-coupled-device image sensor. Although this device was originally designed to be used as the sensor for the Wide Field/Planetary Camera on the Hubble Space Telescope, it is now being used as the detector of choice on many ground-based telescopes. The performance of the device is reviewed, and the important contributions it has made to the understanding of general CCD performance is indicated.

Published
1987

14. Large format, high resolution images sensors

Author

Blouke, Morley M, Corrie, B, Heidtmann, Denis L, Yang, F. H, Winzenread, M, Lust, M. L, Marsh, H. H, and Janesick, James R

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

The performance requirements for scientific-quality CCDs are discussed, focusing on the design of two devices, and the progress toward achieving the desired performance is discussed. These devices are intended for rear-illuminated applications and have 512 x 512 and 2048 x 2048 pixel formats. The thinned 10 to 20 micron thick Si membrane is fully supported by a unique glass ceramic substrate. Quantum efficiencies of greater than 70 percent at 700 nm and greater than 40 percent at wavelengths less than 400 nm have been measured on a test device. Dark currents as low as 6 pA/sq cm also have been measured recently.

Published
1987

15. Scientific charge-coupled devices

Author

Janesick, James R, Elliott, Tom, Collins, Stewart, Blouke, Morley M, and Freeman, Jack

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

The charge-coupled device dominates an ever-increasing variety of scientific imaging and spectroscopy applications. Recent experience indicates, however, that the full potential of CCD performance lies well beyond that realized in devices currently available.Test data suggest that major improvements are feasible in spectral response, charge collection, charge transfer, and readout noise. These properties, their measurement in existing CCDs, and their potential for future improvement are discussed in this paper.

Published
1987

16. CCD detector performance for NOAO's wide-field MOSAIC cameras

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Sampat, Nitin, Williams, George M., Jr., Yeh, Thomas, Wolfe, Thomas, Armandroff, Taft, Blouke, Morley, Rector, Travis, Reed, Rich, Saha, Abhijit, Schommer, Robert, Smith, Chris, Smith, Roger, Walker, Alistair, Blouke, Morley M., Sampat, Nitin, Williams, George M., Jr., Yeh, Thomas, Wolfe, Thomas, Armandroff, Taft, Blouke, Morley, Rector, Travis, Reed, Rich, Saha, Abhijit, Schommer, Robert, Smith, Chris, Smith, Roger, and Walker, Alistair

Abstract

In July of 1998 the National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO) successfully upgraded MOSAIC 1, an 8192 by 8192 pixel array using eight Scientific Imaging Technologies, Inc. (SITe) St-002A thinned backside 2k by 4k charge coupled devices (CCDs). In July of 1999 MOSAIC II, a clone of MOSAIC I was commissioned also using eight SITe ST-002A CCDs. Additionally in December of 1998 NOAO implemented Mini- MOSAIC a 4096 by 4096 pixel array using two SITe ST-002A thinned CCDs. This report will discuss the performance, characterization and capabilities of the three wide field imagers now in operation at NOAO's Kitt Peak Observatory, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory and at the WIYN Consortium 3.5-Meter telescope on Kitt Peak.

Published
2000

22. Low-energy electron detection with delta-doped CCDs

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Nikzad, Shouleh, Smith, Aimée L., Elliott, S. Tom, Jones, Todd J., Tombrello, T. A., Yu, Q., Blouke, Morley M., Nikzad, Shouleh, Smith, Aimée L., Elliott, S. Tom, Jones, Todd J., Tombrello, T. A., and Yu, Q.

Abstract

Delta-doped CCDs have achieved stable quantum efficiency, at the theoretical limit imposed by reflection from the Si surface in the near UV and visible. In this approach, an epitaxial silicon layer is grown on a fully-processed CCD using molecular beam epitaxy. During the silicon growth on the CCD, 30 percent of a monolayer of boron atoms are deposited nominally within a single atomic layer, resulting in the effective elimination of the backside potential well. In this paper, we will briefly discuss delta-doped CCDs and their application of low-energy electron detection. We show that modification of the surface this way can greatly improve sensitivity to low-energy detection. We show that modification of the surface this way can greatly improve sensitivity to low-energy electrons. Measurements comparing the response of delta-doped CCDs with untreated CCDs were made in the 50 eV-1.5 keV energy range.For electrons with energies below 300 eV, the signal from untreated CCDs was below the detection limit for our apparatus, and data are presented only for the response of delta-doped CCDs at these energies. The effects of multiple electron hole pair production and backscattering on the observed signals are discussed.

Published
1997

24. Flight CCD detectors for the Advanced Camera for Surveys

Author

Sirianni, Marco, primary, Clampin, Mark, additional, Hartig, George F., additional, Ford, Holland C., additional, Illingworth, Garth D., additional, Sullivan, Pamela C., additional, Koldewyn, William, additional, Burmester, Bill, additional, Schrein, Ronald J., additional, Albright, Vic, additional, Lesser, Michael P., additional, and Blouke, Morley M., additional

Published
2002
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31. CCD detectors for the advanced camera for surveys.

Author

Sirianni, Marco, Clampin, Mark, Hartig, George F., Ford, Holland C., Golimowski, David A., Illingworth, Garth D., Sullivan, Pamela C., Blouke, Morley M., Lesser, Michael P., Burmester, Bill, Schrein, Ronald J., and Kimble, Randy A.

Published
2000
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33. CCD detector performance for NOAO's wide-field MOSAIC cameras

Author

Wolfe, Thomas, primary, Armandroff, Taft, additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Rector, Travis, additional, Reed, Richard, additional, Saha, Abhijit, additional, Schommer, Robert, additional, Smith, Chris, additional, Smith, Roger M., additional, and Walker, Alistair R., additional

Published
2000
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35. CCD detectors for the Advanced Camera for Surveys

Author

Clampin, Mark, primary, Hartig, George F., additional, Ford, Holland C., additional, Sirianni, Marco, additional, Purdue, Gabe, additional, Walkowicz, Lucianne M., additional, Golimowski, David A., additional, Illingworth, Garth D., additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Lesser, Michael P., additional, Burmester, William, additional, Kimble, Randy A., additional, Sullivan, Pamela C., additional, and Krebs, Carolyn A., additional

Published
1998
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36. Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph detectors and ultraviolet signal-to-noise capabilities

Author

Kaiser, Mary Elizabeth, primary, Woodgate, Bruce E., additional, Kimble, Randy A., additional, Bowers, Charles W., additional, Kraemer, Steven B., additional, Argabright, Vic S., additional, Driggers, Phillip A., additional, Lindler, Don J., additional, Bohlin, Ralph C., additional, Van Houten, Charles N., additional, Bybee, Richard L., additional, Delamere, Alan W., additional, Dorn, David A., additional, Danks, Anthony C., additional, Joseph, Charles L., additional, Timothy, J. Gethyn, additional, Gull, Theodore R., additional, Beck, Terrence L., additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Brown, Lawrence W., additional, Brumfield, Mark D., additional, Clampin, Mark, additional, Content, David A., additional, Feinberg, Lee D., additional, Fowler, Walter B., additional, Goudfrooij, Paul, additional, Hill, Robert J., additional, Reed, Richard, additional, Standley, Clive, additional, and Yagelowich, J. J., additional

Published
1998
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37. Long-wavelength scattered-light halos in ASC CCDs

Author

Sirianni, Marco, primary, Clampin, Mark, additional, Hartig, George F., additional, Rafal, Marc D., additional, Ford, Holland C., additional, Golimowski, David A., additional, Tremonti, C., additional, Illingworth, Garth D., additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Lesser, Michael P., additional, Burmester, William, additional, Kimble, Randy A., additional, Sullivan, Pamela C., additional, Krebs, Carolyn A., additional, and Yagelowicz, John, additional

Published
1998
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38. Big Throughput Camera: the first year

Author

Wittman, David M., primary, Tyson, J. Anthony, additional, Bernstein, Gary M., additional, Lee, Robert W., additional, Dell'Antonio, Ian P., additional, Fischer, P., additional, Smith, D. R., additional, and Blouke, Morley M., additional

Published
1998
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40. Camera for adaptive optics use

Author

Reinheimer, Alice L., primary, Barter, Archie M., additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Dingiziam, Arsham, additional, Dosluoglu, Taner, additional, Gilman, Chuck, additional, Ioffe, Serge, additional, Janesick, James R., additional, Kaylor, Andy, additional, Marsh IV, Harry, additional, and Marriot, Pauline, additional

Published
1998
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41. New advancements in charge-coupled device technology: sub-electron noise and 4096x4096 pixel CCDs

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Janesick, James R., Elliott, Tom S., Dingiziam, Arsham, Bredthauer, Richard A., Chandler, Charles E., Westphal, James A., Gunn, James E., Blouke, Morley M., Janesick, James R., Elliott, Tom S., Dingiziam, Arsham, Bredthauer, Richard A., Chandler, Charles E., Westphal, James A., and Gunn, James E.

Abstract

This paper reports on two new advancements in CCD technology. The first area of development has produced a special purpose CCD designed for ultra low-signal level imaging and spectroscopy applications that require sub-electron read noise floors. A nondestructive output circuit operating near its 1/f noise regime is clocked in a special manner to read a single pixel multiple times. Off-chip electronics average the multiple values, reducing the random noise by the square-root of the number of samples taken. Noise floors below 0.5 electrons rms are reported. The second development involves the design and performance of a high resolution imager of 4096 x 4096 pixels, the largest CCD manufactured in terms of pixel count. The device utilizes a 7.5-micron pixel fabricated with three-level poly-silicon to achieve high yield.

Published
1990

42. Quadrant-CCD star tracker

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Clampin, M., Durrance, S. T., Barkhouser, R., Golimowski, D. A., Wald, A., Fastie, W. G., Heidtmann, D. L., Blouke, M. M., Westphal, J. A., Janesick, J. R., Gunn, J. E., Blouke, Morley M., Clampin, M., Durrance, S. T., Barkhouser, R., Golimowski, D. A., Wald, A., Fastie, W. G., Heidtmann, D. L., Blouke, M. M., Westphal, J. A., Janesick, J. R., and Gunn, J. E.

Abstract

We discuss the characteristics of a Quadrant-CCD developed by Tektronix for pointing and tracking applications. The device is discussed in the context of its application to the Johns Hopkins University adaptive optics program, where it is being used for the correction of stellar image motion resulting from atmospheric turbulence. The transfer function of the device is discussed and results are presented which demonstrate the Quadrant-CCDs capability to provide offset signals to control a rapid guiding mirror in the Johns Hopkins instrument.

Published
1990

43. Sub-electron noise charge-coupled devices

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Chandler, Charles E., Bredthauer, Richard A., Janesick, James R., Westphal, James A., Gunn, James E., Blouke, Morley M., Chandler, Charles E., Bredthauer, Richard A., Janesick, James R., Westphal, James A., and Gunn, James E.

Abstract

A charge coupled device designed for celestial spectroscopy has achieved readout noise as low as 0.6 electrons rms. A nondestructive output circuit was operated in a special manner to read a single pixel multiple times. Off-chip electronics averaged the multiple values, reducing the random noise by the square root of the number of readouts. Charge capacity was measured to be 500,000 electrons. The device format is 1600 pixels horizontal by 64 pixels vertical. Pixel size is 28 microns square. Two output circuits are located at opposite ends of the 1600 bit CCD register. The device was thinned and operated backside illuminated at -110 degrees C. Output circuit design, layout, and operation are described. Presented data includes the photon transfer curve, noise histograms, and bar-target images down to 3 electrons signal. The test electronics are described, and future improvements are discussed.

Published
1990

44. New advancements in charge-coupled device technology: subelectron noise and 4096 x 4096 pixel CCDs

Author

Blouke, Morley M., Janesick, James, Elliott, Tom, Dingiziam, Arsham, Bredthauer, Richard, Chandler, Charles, Westphal, James, Gunn, James, Blouke, Morley M., Janesick, James, Elliott, Tom, Dingiziam, Arsham, Bredthauer, Richard, Chandler, Charles, Westphal, James, and Gunn, James

Abstract

This paper reports on two new advancements in CCD technology. The first area of development has produced a special purpose CCD designed for ultra low-signal level imaging and spectroscopy applications that require sub-electron read noise floors. A nondestructive output circuit operating near its 1/f noise regime is clocked in a special manner to read a single pixel multiple times. Off-chip electronics average the multiple values, reducing the random noise by the square-root of the number of samples taken. Noise floors below 0.5 electrons rms are reported. The second development involves the design and performance of a high resolution imager of 4096 x 4096 pixels, the largest CCD manufactured in terms of pixel count. The device utilizes a 7.5-micron pixel fabricated with three-level poly-silicon to achieve high yield.

Published
1990

45. Large-area edge-buttable CCDs for mosaic focal plane applications

Author

Woody, Thomas W., primary, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Reinheimer, Alice L., additional, Dosluoglu, Taner, additional, Burmester, William, additional, Wootten, Robert A., additional, Frank, Peter, additional, Freymiller, Ed D., additional, Seawalt, D., additional, Clampin, Mark, additional, Reed, Richard, additional, Wolfe, Thomas, additional, Stover, Richard J., additional, and Wei, Mingzhi, additional

Published
1997
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48. CCDs for spectroscopy

Author

Talmi, Yair, primary, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Dosluoglu, Taner, additional, Nelson, Mark D., additional, Simpson, Raymond W., additional, and West, John S., additional

Published
1995
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49. CCD detector for the space telescope imaging spectrograph

Author

Kimble, Randy A., primary, Brown, Lawrence M., additional, Fowler, Walter B., additional, Woodgate, Bruce E., additional, Yagelowich, J. J., additional, Blouke, Morley M., additional, Dosluoglu, Taner, additional, Ferrara, Jon J., additional, Dorn, David A., additional, Ebben, Thomas H., additional, Murata-Seawalt, Debbie, additional, Ortiz, R., additional, Reed, Richard, additional, and Wolfe, Thomas, additional

Published
1994
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