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In this work we studied day's periodicity of indexes of cardiovascular and respiratory systems for swimmers depending on the phases of physical multi-day biorhythms at the beginning of the competitive stage of preparation. In a sports camp 5 girls and 11 young men age 15-17 masters of sports and candidates for master of sports at swimming, took part at scientific research. The presence of two peaks of sizes of indexes of vegetative functions which are observed after the first and third training is educed. According to the level of functional readiness, the subjects were divided into 3 groups: with a good functional state, with its deterioration as a result of an acute respiratory disease or overwork, and with a satisfactory state. An assessment of the functional state of each athlete was made at the beginning and end of the training camp. Health status, sleep, well-being assessment, etc. about swimmers was taken into account in the analysis of the material. During the exchange of rest, the indicators of vegetative functions most fully reflect the state of the athlete on the day of the examination.

For success in a particular sport, you must have an appropriate body type, a high level of development of physical qualities and functional capabilities of the body. In sports related to the manifestation of endurance, sports performance is largely associated with the capabilities of energy supply systems. The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of adaptation of swimmers' organism to physical activity in the course of many years of training. The study involved young swimmers aged 13-22 years. The results of our work represent an attempt to follow the formation of functional prerequisites for high sports performance at different stages of long-term training. However, the data of this study indicate that the overall training load is quite adequate for them. On the other hand, differences in the level of functional state of the body of young people and adults may be due to different directions of the educational and training process. If the main goal of training adult athletes is to achieve high sports results, then in youth sports the tasks of basic training are mostly solved, which creates the preconditions for achieving higher sportsmanship in the future. The data of this study are an attempt to trace the formation of functional prerequisites for high athletic performance at different stages of long-term training and can be used to create dynamic model characteristics of athletes. Prospects for further research are to determine the level of functional state of the body and physical performance of girls swimmers of all ages.

The article is devoted to an overview of measures to support backbone organizations during a pandemic. In this context, the issue has not been addressed in other studies. The peculiarities of the group of backbone organizations were a significant increase in their number, in the structure the largest share falls on the industrial sector, in the regional context — on the capital region. However, the status of backbone organizations is not sufficiently substantiated. The criteria for referring to this group are controversial and, at the same time, can be ignored by the decision of the government commission. The measures of state support related to subsidizing bank loans provided to systemically important organizations, tax deferrals and other payments are being studied. The problems and risks for counterparties are indicated, due to the conditionality of the interest rate on loans. The main limitations for the use of support tools are given. We can conclude that the backbone status does not affect the composition of the support measures that a legal entity has the right to use. The advantage is that financial support is given priority. However, there is a possibility of disruption of the competitive environment as a result of this preference, as well as if the counterparty company is not subject to the moratorium on bankruptcy. It is proposed to change the approach to grouping organizations for the purposes of state support, with the allocation of sectoral priority. The article critically assesses the relevance of the proposed measures. It is proposed to diversify them through the use of refinancing and restructuring of already received concessional loans.

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of the formation of a high level of neuroticism under the influence of a dysfunctional environment created by a family in a socially dangerous situation. Considering the relevance of the problem, an experimental study of the influence of an unfavorable family environment (SOP) on the formation of an increased level of neuroticism in a teenager was described and the results obtained were analyzed.

Age 7-10 is the key stage in development of child. There is intensive development of organism in a midchildhood. However functional indexes of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems yet are largely lag from teenagers and adults. The aim of this research is a study of adaptation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems for girls 7-10 to physical activities of different power. Research results testify that loading in the range of 20-30% from maximal power girls have 7-10 characterized effective adaptation reactions in regard to providing with of fabrics oxygen allowing to reconstruct circulation of blood and breathing in accordance with power of loading.

In the age-related pedagogy and physiology one of important questions is the study of the influence of physical activities on the state of the cardiovascular system of children and teenagers. The reactions of the cardiovascular system in response to physical activity have significant age and gender differences. In this regard, the indicators of the cardiovascular system were analyzed when working on a bicycle ergometer in schoolchildren before, during, at the time of completion of puberty. The aim of this research was to study the age-related characteristics of the testes` cardiovascular system response to dosed physical activity. The revealed regularities of the reaction of the cardiovascular system of school-age children to physical activity can serve as a criterion for assessing their functional possibilities.

In the article, the problems and prospects of improving the tax system are discussed, the ways of their solution are substantiated from the position of the system approach. Sources of financial income and main directions of tax policy are analyzed. Complex study of the taxation system, analysis of new approaches in the taxation system of Russia. Changing the tax policy in part of the improvement of the tax legislation, including in the field of sectoral taxation, in particular, the development of subsoil use is aimed at stimulating other types of economic activity, creating and using innovations. The article presents the characteristics of medium-term taxes based on the restructuring of the economy: the stimulation of the development of resource-saving productions and the digitalization of the economy.

The work is devoted to the study of the thermal dispergation of polycrystalline silver films, which occurs in the presence of low-melting metal. It was found that the liquid phase of lead or bismuth promotes the rapid decay of an initially continuous film into separate islands. In this case, one-component silver films of the same thickness remain continuous up to higher temperatures. The activation energy of the dewetting process, estimated near the melting temperature of the low-melting component, is 0.5 eV and 0.1 eV for Pb/Ag and Bi/Ag films, respectively. The values obtained are significantly lower than the typical values of the activation energy for solidphase diffusion. This indicates the important role of the liquid-phase mass transfer in the dispergation of Pb/Ag and Bi/Ag films.

In the age physiology along with the study of the basic laws of the body’s response to physical activity, one of the main tasks is the development of measures to prevent overstrain of child overstrain. It is well known to increase the capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system under the influence of physical activities. The purpose of this study was to study the age-related characteristics of the cardiorespiratory system of adolescents for physical activity used to develop strength, speed and endurance. The presence of the pronounced relationship between the types of the cardiorespiratory system and sports results gives reason to consider the types of stress as criteria for dosing physical activity, as well as judgments on the degree of motor preparedness of students for their implementation.

The positive is well – proven numerous researches influence swimming on the health of occupying. Therefore question about affecting of employments swimming organism of young swimmers it is necessary to examine taking into account individual of anatomical and physiological features. The aim of the real research was a study of influence of physical activities of step - rising power on breathing and circulation of blood of youths 15-16, regularly visitant a section on swimming. A result of research of indexes of breathing and circulation of blood at the set loading allows describing functional possibilities of youths - swimmers. It was well - proven that the system of preparation of young swimmers was built taking into account age anatomical and physiological features of their organism, and physical activities were adequate to their physiological development. Modern living conditions are characterized by rapid development of automation of production and information technologies, which deprives a person of motor activity. Swimming is one of the most effective means of motor activity that positively influences the functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory system. Numerous studies have already shown the positive effect of swimming on the health of the practitioners. It should not be forgotten that despite the significant differences in the functional state of the apparatus of external respiration and blood circulation in young swimmers and their peers - not athletes, the organism in both of them has not yet reached maturity and their age development and formation occurs in accordance with a single general biological regularities. Therefore, the question of the impact of swimming lessons on the body of young swimmers should be considered not only in terms of the impact on it of the specific features of the aquatic environment and the requirements of modern training, but also taking into account anatomical and physiological features.