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2. THE MATERHORN : Unraveling the Intricacies of Mountain Weather

Author

Fernando, H. J. S., Pardyjak, E. R., Di Sabatino, S., Chow, F. K., De Wekker, S. F. J., Hoch, S. W., Hacker, J., Pace, J. C., Pratt, T., Pu, Z., Steenburgh, W. J., Whiteman, C. D., Wang, Y., Zajic, D., Balsley, B., Dimitrova, R., Emmitt, G. D., Higgins, C. W., Hunt, J. C. R., Knievel, J. C., Lawrence, D., Liu, Y., Nadeau, D. F., Kit, E., Blomquist, B. W., Conry, P., Coppersmith, R. S., Creegan, E., Felton, M., Grachev, A., Gunawardena, N., Hang, C., Hocut, C. M., Huynh, G., Jeglum, M. E., Jensen, D., Kulandaivelu, V., Lehner, M., Leo, L. S., Liberzon, D., Massey, J. D., McEnerney, K., Pal, S., Price, T., Sghiatti, M., Silver, Z., Thompson, M., Zhang, H., and Zsedrovits, T.

Published
2015

3. SUPPLEMENT : THE MATERHORN Unraveling the Intricacies of Mountain Weather

Author

Fernando, H. J. S., Pardyjak, E. R., Di Sabatino, S., Chow, F. K., De Wekker, S. F. J., Hoch, S. W., Hacker, J., Pace, J. C., Pratt, T., Pu, Z., Steenburgh, J. W., Whiteman, C. D., Wang, Y., Zajic, D., Balsley, B., Dimitrova, R., Emmitt, G. D., Higgins, C. W., Hunt, J. C. R., Knievel, J. C., Lawrence, D., Liu, Y., Nadeau, D. F., Kit, E., Blomquist, B. W., Conry, P., Coppersmith, R. S., Creegan, E., Felton, M., Grachev, A., Gunawardena, N., Hang, C., Hocut, C. M., Huynh, G., Jeglum, M. E., Jensen, D., Kulandaivelu, V., Lehner, M., Leo, L. S., Liberzon, D., Massey, J. D., McEnerney, K., Pal, S., Price, T., Sghiatti, M., Silver, Z., Thompson, M., Zhang, H., and Zsedrovits, T.

Published
2015

4. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition : Atmosphere

Author

Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., G. Persson, P. O., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., de Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H. -W, Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., von der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., Yue, F., Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., G. Persson, P. O., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., de Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H. -W, Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., von der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., and Yue, F.

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system s

Published
2022
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5. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition:atmosphere

Author

Shupe, M. D. (Matthew D.), Rex, M. (Markus), Blomquist, B. (Byron), Persson, P. O. (P. Ola G.), Schmale, J. (Julia), Uttal, T. (Taneil), Althausen, D. (Dietrich), Angot, H. (Helene), Archer, S. (Stephen), Bariteau, L. (Ludovic), Beck, I. (Ivo), Bilberry, J. (John), Bucci, S. (Silvia), Buck, C. (Clifton), Boyer, M. (Matt), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Brooks, I. M. (Ian M.), Calmer, R. (Radiance), Cassano, J. (John), Castro, V. (Vagner), Chu, D. (David), Costa, D. (David), Cox, C. J. (Christopher J.), Creamean, J. (Jessie), Crewell, S. (Susanne), Dahlke, S. (Sandro), Damm, E. (Ellen), de Boer, G. (Gijs), Deckelmann, H. (Holger), Dethloff, K. (Klaus), Duetsch, M. (Marina), Ebell, K. (Kerstin), Ehrlich, A. (Andre), Ellis, J. (Jody), Engelmann, R. (Ronny), Fong, A. A. (Allison A.), Frey, M. M. (Markus M.), Gallagher, M. R. (Michael R.), Ganzeveld, L. (Laurens), Gradinger, R. (Rolf), Graeser, J. (Juergen), Greenamyer, V. (Vernon), Griesche, H. (Hannes), Griffiths, S. (Steele), Hamilton, J. (Jonathan), Heinemann, G. (Guenther), Helmig, D. (Detlev), Herber, A. (Andreas), Heuze, C. (Celine), Hofer, J. (Julian), Houchens, T. (Todd), Howard, D. (Dean), Inoue, J. (Jun), Jacobi, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Jaiser, R. (Ralf), Jokinen, T. (Tuija), Jourdan, O. (Olivier), Jozef, G. (Gina), King, W. (Wessley), Kirchgaessner, A. (Amelie), Klingebiel, M. (Marcus), Krassovski, M. (Misha), Krumpen, T. (Thomas), Lampert, A. (Astrid), Landing, W. (William), Laurila, T. (Tiia), Lawrence, D. (Dale), Lonardi, M. (Michael), Loose, B. (Brice), Luepkes, C. (Christof), Maahn, M. (Maximilian), Macke, A. (Andreas), Maslowski, W. (Wieslaw), Marsay, C. (Christopher), Maturilli, M. (Marion), Mech, M. (Mario), Morris, S. (Sara), Moser, M. (Manuel), Nicolaus, M. (Marcel), Ortega, P. (Paul), Osborn, J. (Jackson), Paetzold, F. (Falk), Perovich, D. K. (Donald K.), Petäjä, T. (Tuukka), Pilz, C. (Christian), Pirazzini, R. (Roberta), Posman, K. (Kevin), Powers, H. (Heath), Pratt, K. A. (Kerri A.), Preusser, A. (Andreas), Quelever, L. (Lauriane), Radenz, M. (Martin), Rabe, B. (Benjamin), Rinke, A. (Annette), Sachs, T. (Torsten), Schulz, A. (Alexander), Siebert, H. (Holger), Silva, T. (Tercio), Solomon, A. (Amy), Sommerfeld, A. (Anja), Spreen, G. (Gunnar), Stephens, M. (Mark), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Svensson, G. (Gunilla), Uin, J. (Janek), Viegas, J. (Juarez), Voigt, C. (Christiane), von der Gathen, P. (Peter), Wehner, B. (Birgit), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wendisch, M. (Manfred), Werner, M. (Martin), Xie, Z. (ZhouQing), Yue, F. (Fange), Shupe, M. D. (Matthew D.), Rex, M. (Markus), Blomquist, B. (Byron), Persson, P. O. (P. Ola G.), Schmale, J. (Julia), Uttal, T. (Taneil), Althausen, D. (Dietrich), Angot, H. (Helene), Archer, S. (Stephen), Bariteau, L. (Ludovic), Beck, I. (Ivo), Bilberry, J. (John), Bucci, S. (Silvia), Buck, C. (Clifton), Boyer, M. (Matt), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Brooks, I. M. (Ian M.), Calmer, R. (Radiance), Cassano, J. (John), Castro, V. (Vagner), Chu, D. (David), Costa, D. (David), Cox, C. J. (Christopher J.), Creamean, J. (Jessie), Crewell, S. (Susanne), Dahlke, S. (Sandro), Damm, E. (Ellen), de Boer, G. (Gijs), Deckelmann, H. (Holger), Dethloff, K. (Klaus), Duetsch, M. (Marina), Ebell, K. (Kerstin), Ehrlich, A. (Andre), Ellis, J. (Jody), Engelmann, R. (Ronny), Fong, A. A. (Allison A.), Frey, M. M. (Markus M.), Gallagher, M. R. (Michael R.), Ganzeveld, L. (Laurens), Gradinger, R. (Rolf), Graeser, J. (Juergen), Greenamyer, V. (Vernon), Griesche, H. (Hannes), Griffiths, S. (Steele), Hamilton, J. (Jonathan), Heinemann, G. (Guenther), Helmig, D. (Detlev), Herber, A. (Andreas), Heuze, C. (Celine), Hofer, J. (Julian), Houchens, T. (Todd), Howard, D. (Dean), Inoue, J. (Jun), Jacobi, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Jaiser, R. (Ralf), Jokinen, T. (Tuija), Jourdan, O. (Olivier), Jozef, G. (Gina), King, W. (Wessley), Kirchgaessner, A. (Amelie), Klingebiel, M. (Marcus), Krassovski, M. (Misha), Krumpen, T. (Thomas), Lampert, A. (Astrid), Landing, W. (William), Laurila, T. (Tiia), Lawrence, D. (Dale), Lonardi, M. (Michael), Loose, B. (Brice), Luepkes, C. (Christof), Maahn, M. (Maximilian), Macke, A. (Andreas), Maslowski, W. (Wieslaw), Marsay, C. (Christopher), Maturilli, M. (Marion), Mech, M. (Mario), Morris, S. (Sara), Moser, M. (Manuel), Nicolaus, M. (Marcel), Ortega, P. (Paul), Osborn, J. (Jackson), Paetzold, F. (Falk), Perovich, D. K. (Donald K.), Petäjä, T. (Tuukka), Pilz, C. (Christian), Pirazzini, R. (Roberta), Posman, K. (Kevin), Powers, H. (Heath), Pratt, K. A. (Kerri A.), Preusser, A. (Andreas), Quelever, L. (Lauriane), Radenz, M. (Martin), Rabe, B. (Benjamin), Rinke, A. (Annette), Sachs, T. (Torsten), Schulz, A. (Alexander), Siebert, H. (Holger), Silva, T. (Tercio), Solomon, A. (Amy), Sommerfeld, A. (Anja), Spreen, G. (Gunnar), Stephens, M. (Mark), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Svensson, G. (Gunilla), Uin, J. (Janek), Viegas, J. (Juarez), Voigt, C. (Christiane), von der Gathen, P. (Peter), Wehner, B. (Birgit), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wendisch, M. (Manfred), Werner, M. (Martin), Xie, Z. (ZhouQing), and Yue, F. (Fange)

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled

Published
2022

6. SUPPLEMENT : DYNAMICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MARINE STRATOCUMULUS—DYCOMS-II Flight Summaries

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, Lenschow, Donald H., Vali, Gabor, Gerber, Hermann, Bandy, A., Blomquist, B., Brenguier, J.-L., Bretherton, C. S., Burnet, F., Campos, T., Chai, S., Faloona, I., Friesen, D., Haimov, S., Laursen, K., Lilly, D. K., Loehrer, S. M., Malinowski, Szymon P., Morley, B., Petters, M. D., Rogers, D. C., Russell, L., Savic-Jovcic, V., Snider, J. R., Straub, D., Szumowski, Marcin J., Takagi, H., Thornton, D. C., Tschudi, M., Twohy, C., Wetzel, M., and van Zanten, M. C.

Published
2003

7. DYNAMICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MARINE STRATOCUMULUS—DYCOMS-II

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, Lenschow, Donald H., Vali, Gabor, Gerber, Hermann, Bandy, A., Blomquist, B., Brenguier, J.-L., Bretherton, C. S., Burnet, F., Campos, T., Chai, S., Faloona, I., Friesen, D., Haimov, S., Laursen, K., Lilly, D. K., Loehrer, S. M., Malinowski, Szymon P., Morley, B., Petters, M. D., Rogers, D. C., Russell, L., Savic-Jovcic, V., Snider, J. R., Straub, D., Szumowski, Marcin J., Takagi, H., Thornton, D. C., Tschudi, M., Twohy, C., Wetzel, M., and van Zanten, M. C.

Published
2003

8. Observations of entrainment in eastern Pacific Marine stratocumulus using three conserved scalars

Author

Faloona, Ian, Lenschow, Donald H., Campos, Teresa, Stevens, B., van Zanten, M., Blomquist, B., Thornton, D., Bandy, Alan, and Gerber, Hermann

Subjects
Cumulus clouds -- Research, Stratosphere -- Research, Earth sciences, Science and technology
Abstract

Fast measurements of three scalars, ozone, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and total water, are used to investigate the entrainment process in the stratocumulus-topped boundary layer (STBL) observed over the eastern subtropical Pacific during the second Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus Experiment (DYCOMS-II). Direct measurement of the flux profiles by eddy covariance is used to estimate the entrainment velocity, the average rate at which the boundary layer grows diabatically via incorporation of overlying free tropospheric air. The entrainment velocities observed over the course of the mission, which took place during July 2001, ranged from 0.12 to 0.72 cm [s.sup.-1] and appear to outpace the estimated large-scale subsidence as the boundary layer advects over warmer sea surface temperatures. Observed entrainment velocities display only a weak correlation with the buoyancy Richardson number defined at the inversion, which suggests that processes other than inversion strength, such as wind shear, might play a larger role in driving entrainment in the STBL than previously recognized. This study is the first to use DMS as an entrainment tracer because the high-rate mass spectrometric technique has only recently been developed. The biogenic sulfur compound shows great promise for such investigations in marine environments because the free tropospheric concentrations are virtually nonexistent, and it therefore serves as an unambiguous marker of boundary layer air. As such, individual mixing events can be analyzed to determine the mixing fraction of boundary layer and free tropospheric air, and in several such cases buoyancy reversal was observed despite the absence of large-scale dissipation of the cloud field as postulated by cloud-top entrainment instability. Moreover, the redundancy attained in using three separate scalars allows for an investigation of the average height scales above the inversion from where air is blended into the STBL, and this tends to be less than 80 m above the mean inversion height, implying that the entrainment process occurs on very small scales.

Published
2005

10. Aerial Observations of Symmetric Instability at the North Wall of the Gulf Stream

Author

Savelyev, I., Thomas, L.N., Smith, G.B., Wang, Q., Shearman, R.K., Haack, T., Christman, A.J., Blomquist, B., Sletten, M., Miller, W. D., Fernando, H.J.S., Savelyev, I., Thomas, L.N., Smith, G.B., Wang, Q., Shearman, R.K., Haack, T., Christman, A.J., Blomquist, B., Sletten, M., Miller, W. D., and Fernando, H.J.S.

Abstract

An unusual spatial pattern on the ocean surface was captured by thermal airborne swaths taken across a strong sea surface temperature front at the North Wall of the Gulf Stream. The thermal pattern on the cold side of the front resembles a staircase consisting of tens of steps, each up to ∼200 m wide and up to ∼0.3∘C warm. The steps are well organized, clearly separated by sharp temperature gradients, mostly parallel and aligned with the primary front. The interpretation of the airborne imagery is aided by oceanographic measurements from two research vessels. Analysis of the in situ observations indicates that the front was unstable to symmetric instability, a type of overturning instability that can generate coherent structures with similar dimensions to the temperature steps seen in the airborne imagery. It is concluded that the images capture, for the first time, the surface temperature field of symmetric instability turbulence.

Published
2018

12. Wind Speed and Sea State Dependencies of Air‐Sea Gas Transfer: Results From the High Wind Speed Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS)

Author

Blomquist, B. W., primary, Brumer, S. E., additional, Fairall, C. W., additional, Huebert, B. J., additional, Zappa, C. J., additional, Brooks, I. M., additional, Yang, M., additional, Bariteau, L., additional, Prytherch, J., additional, Hare, J. E., additional, Czerski, H., additional, Matei, A., additional, and Pascal, R. W., additional

Published
2017
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13. Wind Speed and Sea State Dependencies of Air-Sea Gas Transfer : Results From the High Wind Speed Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS)

Author

Blomquist, B. W., Brumer, S. E., Fairall, C. W., Huebert, B. J., Zappa, C. J., Brooks, I. M., Yang, M., Bariteau, L., Prytherch, John, Hare, J. E., Czerski, H., Matei, A., Pascal, R. W., Blomquist, B. W., Brumer, S. E., Fairall, C. W., Huebert, B. J., Zappa, C. J., Brooks, I. M., Yang, M., Bariteau, L., Prytherch, John, Hare, J. E., Czerski, H., Matei, A., and Pascal, R. W.

Abstract

A variety of physical mechanisms are jointly responsible for facilitating air-sea gas transfer through turbulent processes at the atmosphere-ocean interface. The nature and relative importance of these mechanisms evolves with increasing wind speed. Theoretical and modeling approaches are advancing, but the limited quantity of observational data at high wind speeds hinders the assessment of these efforts. The HiWinGS project successfully measured gas transfer coefficients (k(660)) with coincident wave statistics under conditions with hourly mean wind speeds up to 24 m s(-1) and significant wave heights to 8 m. Measurements of k(660) for carbon dioxide (CO2) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) show an increasing trend with respect to 10 m neutral wind speed (U-10N), following a power law relationship of the form: k660CO2 approximate to U10N1.68 and k660dms approximate to U10N1.33. Among seven high wind speed events, CO2 transfer responded to the intensity of wave breaking, which depended on both wind speed and sea state in a complex manner, with k660CO2 increasing as the wind sea approaches full development. A similar response is not observed for DMS. These results confirm the importance of breaking waves and bubble injection mechanisms in facilitating CO2 transfer. A modified version of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment Gas transfer algorithm (COAREG ver. 3.5), incorporating a sea state-dependent calculation of bubble-mediated transfer, successfully reproduces the mean trend in observed k(660) with wind speed for both gases. Significant suppression of gas transfer by large waves was not observed during HiWinGS, in contrast to results from two prior field programs.

Published
2017
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14. Doppler Correction of Wave Frequency Spectra Measured by Underway Vessels

Author

Collins, C. O., primary, Blomquist, B., additional, Persson, O., additional, Lund, B., additional, Rogers, W. E., additional, Thomson, J., additional, Wang, D., additional, Smith, M., additional, Doble, M., additional, Wadhams, P., additional, Kohout, A., additional, Fairall, C., additional, and Graber, H. C., additional

Published
2017
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21. Dynamics and chemistry of marine stratocumulus - DYCOMS II

Author

Stevens, B., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-0475, Lenschow, D., Vali, G., Gerber, H., Bandy, A., Blomquist, B., Brenguier, J., Bretherton, C., Burnet, F., Campos, T., Chai, S., Faloona, I., Friesen, D., Haimov, S., Laursen, K., Lilly, D., Loehrer, S., Malinowski, S., Morley, B., Petters, M., Rogers, D., Russell, L., Savic-Jovac, V., Snider, J., Straub, D., Szumowski, M., Takagi, H., Thornton, D., Tschudi, M., Twohy, C., Wetzel, M., and van Zanten, C.

Published
2003

29. Atmospheric sulfur cycling in the southeastern Pacific – longitudinal distribution, vertical profile, and diel variability observed during VOCALS-REx

Author

Yang, M., primary, Huebert, B. J., additional, Blomquist, B. W., additional, Howell, S. G., additional, Shank, L. M., additional, McNaughton, C. S., additional, Clarke, A. D., additional, Hawkins, L. N., additional, Russell, L. M., additional, Covert, D. S., additional, Coffman, D. J., additional, Bates, T. S., additional, Quinn, P. K., additional, Zagorac, N., additional, Bandy, A. R., additional, de Szoeke, S. P., additional, Zuidema, P. D., additional, Tucker, S. C., additional, Brewer, W. A., additional, Benedict, K. B., additional, and Collett, J. L., additional

Published
2011
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35. Dimethylsulfide production in Sargasso Sea eddies

Author

Bailey, K.E., primary, Toole, D.A., additional, Blomquist, B., additional, Najjar, R.G., additional, Huebert, B., additional, Kieber, D.J., additional, Kiene, R.P., additional, Matrai, P., additional, Westby, G.R., additional, and del Valle, D.A., additional

Published
2008
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36. Revisiting benzene cluster cations for the chemical ionization of dimethyl sulfide and select volatile organic compounds.

Author

Kim, M. J., Zoerb, M. C., Campbell, N. R., Zimmermann, K. J., Blomquist, B. W., Huebert, B. J., and Bertram, T. H.

Subjects
BENZENE derivatives, CHEMICAL ionization mass spectrometry, DIMETHYL sulfide
Abstract

Benzene cluster cations were revisited as a sensitive and selective reagent ion for the chemical ionization of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and a select group of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Laboratory characterization was performed using both a new set of compounds (i.e. DMS, β-caryophyllene) as well as previously studied VOCs (i.e., isoprene, a-pinene). Using a field deployable chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (CI-ToFMS), benzene cluster cations demonstrated high sensitivity (> 1 ncps ppt-1) to DMS, isoprene, and a-pinene standards. Parallel measurements conducted using a chemical-ionization quadrupole mass spectrometer, with a weaker electric field, demonstrated that ion-molecule reactions likely proceed through a combination of ligand-switching and direct charge transfer mechanisms. Laboratory tests suggest that benzene cluster cations may be suitable for the selective ionization of sesquiterpenes, where minimal fragmentation (< 25%) was observed for the detection of β-caryophyllene, a bicyclic sesquiterpene. The field stability of benzene cluster cations using CI-ToFMS was examined in the marine boundary layer during the High Wind Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS). The use of benzene cluster cation chemistry for the selective detection of DMS was validated against an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer. Measurements from the two instruments were highly correlated (R²=0.80) over a wide range of sampling conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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40. On entrainment rates in nocturnal marine stratocumulus

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, primary, Lenschow, Donald H., additional, Faloona, Ian, additional, Moeng, C.-H., additional, Lilly, D. K., additional, Blomquist, B., additional, Vali, G., additional, Bandy, A., additional, Campos, T., additional, Gerber, H., additional, Haimov, S., additional, Morley, B., additional, and Thornton, D., additional

Published
2003
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41. Supplement to Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus—DYCOMS-II

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, primary, Lenschow, Donald H., additional, Vali, Gabor, additional, Gerber, Hermann, additional, Bandy, A., additional, Blomquist, B., additional, Brenguier, J-L., additional, Bretherton, C. S., additional, Burnet, F., additional, Campos, T., additional, Chai, S., additional, Faloona, I., additional, Friesen, D., additional, Haimov, S., additional, Laursen, K., additional, Lilly, D. K., additional, Loehrer, S. M., additional, Malinowski, Szymon P., additional, Morley, B., additional, Petters, M. D., additional, Rogers, D. C., additional, Russell, L., additional, Savic-Jovcic, V., additional, Snider, J. R., additional, Straub, D., additional, Szumowski, Marcin J., additional, Takagi, H., additional, Thornton, D. C., additional, Tschudi, M., additional, Twohy, C., additional, Wetzel, M., additional, and van Zanten, M. C., additional

Published
2003
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47. Vertical fluxes and atmospheric cycling of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in a coastal environment.

Author

Yang, M., Beale, R., Smyth, T., and Blomquist, B.

Abstract

We present here vertical fluxes of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone measured directly with eddy covariance (EC) during March to July 2012 near the southwest coast of the UK. The performance of the proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) for flux measurement is characterized, with additional considerations given to the homogeneity and stationarity assumptions required by EC. Concentrations and fluxes of these compounds vary significantly with time of day and wind direction. Higher values of acetaldehyde and acetone are usually observed in the daytime and from the direction of a forested park, most likely due to light-driven emissions from terrestrial plants. Methanol concentration and flux do not demonstrate clear diel variability, suggesting sources in addition to plants. We estimate air--sea exchange and photochemical rates of these compounds, which are compared to measured vertical fluxes. For acetaldehyde, the mean (1σ) concentration of 0.13 (0.02) ppb at night may be maintained by oceanic emission, while photochemical destruction outpaces production during the day. Air-sea exchange and photochemistry are probably net sinks of methanol and acetone in this region. Their nighttime concentrations of 0.46 (0.20) and 0.39 (0.08) ppb appear to be affected more by terrestrial emissions and long distance transport, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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