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269 results on '"Bleichrodt, R. P."'

6. Go with the flow: mechanisms driving water transport during vegetative growth and fruiting.

Author

Herman, K.C. and Bleichrodt, R.

Abstract

Fungi need water for all stages of life. Notably, mushrooms consist of ∼90% water. Fungi degrade organic matter by secreting enzymes. These enzymes need water to be able to break down the substrate. For instance, when the substrate is too dry, fungi transport water from moist areas to arid areas by hydraulic redistribution. Once nutrients are freed from the substrate, they are taken up by transporters lining the cell membrane. Thereby an intracellular osmotic potential is created which is greater than that of the substrate, and water follows by osmosis. Aquaporins may facilitate water uptake depending on the conditions. Since fungi possess a cell wall, the cell volume will not increase much by water uptake, but the cell membrane will exert higher pressure on the cell wall, thereby building up turgor. Fungi have tightly coordinated osmotic regulatory controls via the HOG pathway. When water is getting scarce, this pathway makes sure that enough osmolytes are synthesized to allow sufficient water uptake for maintaining turgor homeostasis. The fungal network is interconnected and allows water flow when small pressure differences exist. These pressure differences can be the result of growth, differential osmolyte uptake/synthesis or external osmotic conditions. Overall, the water potential of the substrate and of fungal tissues determine whether water will flow, since water flows from an area of high- to a low water potential area, when unobstructed. In this review we aim to give a comprehensive view on how fungi obtain and translocate water needed for their development. We have taken Agaricus bisporus growing on compost and casing soil as a case study, to discuss water relations during fruiting in detail. Using the current state-of-the-art we found that there is a discrepancy between the models describing water transport to mushrooms and the story that water potentials tell us. • Mechanisms driving water uptake, turgor homeostasis and transport are examined. • The impact of the location(s) of water uptake/exit on transport is discussed. • The concept of water potential is explained and example calculations are provided. • Impact of water balance in Agaricus bisporus cultures is analysed during fruiting. • Pressure potential is proposed as the missing link in water transport to mushrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Endotoxin/Mediators

Author

Schneider, F., Lutun, Ph., Bilbault, P., Runge, I., Robles, J., Tempé, J. D., Bernard, C., Gillaux, Y., Merval, R., Tedgul, A., Farkas, J. C., Cabié, A., Filling, C., Cavaillon, J. M., Laurian, C., Cormier, J. M., Bleichrodt, R. P., RosMan, C., Wübbels, G., Manson, W., van Goor, Ba., Scholte, A. L., Kooi, K., Grond, J., Hameter, B. M., Westra, P., van der Zande, F. L., Vinks, A. A. T. M. M., Lieuwen, R., Touw, D. J., and de Haas, J. A. M.

Published
1992
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42. Prophylactic mesh placement to prevent parastomal hernia, early results of a prospective multicentre randomized trial

Author

Brandsma, H. T., primary, Hansson, B. M. E., additional, Aufenacker, T. J, additional, van Geldere, D., additional, van Lammeren, F. M., additional, Mahabier, C., additional, Steenvoorde, P., additional, de Vries Reilingh, T. S., additional, Wiezer, R. J., additional, de Wilt, J. H. W., additional, Bleichrodt, R. P., additional, and Rosman, C., additional

Published
2015
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43. Unexplained rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer: the utility of positron emission tomography (PET)

Author

Flamen, P., Hoekstra, O. S., Homans, F., Van Cutsem, E., Maes, A., Stroobants, S., Peeters, M., Penninckx, F., Filez, L., Bleichrodt, R. P., Mortelmans, L., Radiology and nuclear medicine, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, AII - Cancer immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and CCA - Imaging and biomarkers

Subjects
Surgical Oncology, mogelijke oorzaken en gevolgen (sepsis en ontsteking) [Sepsis en niet-bacteriële gegeneraliseerde ontsteking], Chirurgische Oncologie, causes and effects (sepsis and inflammation) [Sepsis and non-bacterial generalized inflammation]
Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of positron emission tomography with [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) in patients with unexplained rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer. 50 consecutive patients with elevated CEA levels and a completely normal (n = 31) or equivocal (n = 19) conventional diagnostic work-up (CDW) were retrospectively selected. All PET images were reviewed with full knowledge of the CDW. The gold standard consisted of histology, or clinical follow-up of more than 1 year. Recurrent disease was established in 56 lesions in 43 patients. On a patient-based analysis, the sensitivity of FDG-PET was 34/43 (79%), and the positive predictive value 34/38 (89%). In 14/50 patients (28%), the FDG-PET findings led to a surgical resection with curative intent. On a lesion-based analysis, FDG-PET detected 42/56 lesions (sensitivity: 75%), the positive predictive value was 79% (42/53). These results demonstrate that FDG-PET can have a clear impact on patient management in patients with an unexplained elevation in CEA levels.

Published
2001

44. Letter to the editor [2] (multiple letters)

Author

Willemsen, H. W., Bleichrodt, R. P., Girbes, A. R J, Fernandez-del Castillo, C., Rattner, D. W., Warshaw, A. L., Intensive care medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, and AII - Infectious diseases

Published
1999

45. Letters to the Editor

Author

Willemsen, H. W., Bleichrodt, R. P., and Girbes, A. R. J.

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing, Middle Aged, Survival Rate, Postoperative Complications, Debridement, Humans, Female, Letters to the Editor, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, APACHE, Aged
Abstract

To evaluate the results of débridement and closed packing for necrotizing pancreatitis and to determine the optimal timing of surgical intervention based on patient outcomes.Between February 1990 and November 1996, 64 consecutive patients with necrotizing pancreatitis were treated with necrosectomy followed by closed packing of the cavity with stuffed Penrose and closed suction drains. The mean APACHE II score immediately before surgery was 9, and 31% of the patients had organ failure. Patients were stratified with an outcome score based on death and major complications; this was correlated with the timing of surgical intervention. The data were then subjected to cut-point analysis by sequential group comparison.Patients underwent surgery a median of 31 days after diagnosis. Fifty-six percent had infected necrosis. The mortality rate was 6.2% and was no different in infected or sterile necrosis. Eleven patients required a second surgical procedure and 13 required percutaneous drainage; a single surgical procedure sufficed in 69%. Enteric fistulae occurred in 16% of patients. The mean hospital stay after surgery was 41 days, and the interval until return to regular activities was 147 days. A significant negative correlation between duration of pancreatitis and outcome scores was found, and sequential group comparison demonstrated that the change point at which significantly better outcomes were encountered was day 27.Débridement of pancreatic necrosis followed by closed packing and drainage is accomplished with a low mortality rate and reduced rates of complications and second surgical procedures. Although intervention is best deferred until the demarcation of necrosis is complete, delay beyond the fourth week confers no additional advantage.

Published
1999

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