Search

Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous nucleoside, which has been involved in blood pressure failure during severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (severe SIRS) after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Adenosine acts via its receptor subtypes, namely A1, A2A, A2B, or A3. Because A2A receptors are implicated in vascular tone, their expression might contribute to severe SIRS. We compared adenosine plasma levels (APLs) and A2A ADO receptor expression (ie, B, K, and mRNA amount) in patients with or without postoperative SIRS.This was a prospective comparative observational study. Forty-four patients who underwent cardiac surgery involving CPB. Ten healthy subjects served as controls.Among the patients, 11 presented operative vasoplegia and postoperative SIRS (named complicated patients) and 33 were without vasoplegia or SIRS (named uncomplicated patients). Adenosine plasma levels, K, B, and mRNA amount (mean ± SD) were measured on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Adenosine plasma levels, B, and K were significantly higher in complicated patients than in uncomplicated patients (APLs: 2.7 ± 1.0 vs 1.0 ± 0.5 μmol l-1, P < 0.05; B: 210 ± 43 vs 65 ± 26 fmol/mg, P < 0.05; K: 35 ± 10 vs 2 ± 1 nM, P < 0.05). In uncomplicated patients, APLs remain higher than in controls (1 ± 0.5 vs 0.6 ± 0.25 μmol/L; P < 0.05).Mean arterial pressure was inversely correlated to APLs (R = -0.58; P < 0.001) and B (R = -0.64; P < 0.001) leading to an increased requirement of vasoactive drugs during the postoperative period in vasoplegic patients.High expression of A2A ADO receptor and high APLs may be a predictive factor of postoperative severe SIRS after CPB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Respiratory complications are the most frequent concern following oesophagectomy. We aimed to assess the postoperative inflammatory response after oesophagectomy and to determine its reliability to predict the occurrence of pulmonary complications., Methods: A total of 97 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study. All patients underwent a transthoracic oesophagectomy for cancer. From D0 to D3, plasmatic cytokine levels (interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha), short synacthen test (SST), PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio and clinical factors determining the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were monitored and compared between patients who experienced pulmonary complications (group I) and those who did not (group II)., Results: The overall in-hospital mortality was 5%. Postoperative pulmonary complications occurred in 33 patients (34%). Sputum retention was the first step of pulmonary complications in 26 patients (occurring at a mean of 2.8+/-1 days after the operation), leading to pneumonia in 22 patients (4.7+/-1 days) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 10 (6.9+/-3 days). At day 2, group I patients had significantly higher plasmatic levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha than group II patients. PaO(2)/FiO(2) was impaired accordingly (215 vs 348; p=0.006). SST was negative in 38% of group I patients and in 30% of group II patients (p=0.51). SIRS was present in 33% and 6% of group I and group II patients, respectively (p< or =0.01). At multivariate analysis, early occurrence of SIRS was the sole significant predictor of pulmonary complications (p=0.005; odds ratio (OR):11.4, confidence interval (CI): 2-63)., Conclusions: The vast majority of postoperative pulmonary complications after oesophagectomy occur after the 4th postoperative day. The earlier detection (first 48 h) of SIRS, high plasmatic cytokine levels and impairment of PaO(2)/FiO(2) predicts the onset of these complications. This finding suggests that early pharmacological intervention may have a beneficial impact., (Copyright 2009 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)